T
Friday. June 8. 1958
MEDFORD t'OHEGON) MAIL TRIBUNE KINS
Hew
Farm
Act,
Washington (UP) The new
farm law 11 based on the theory
that the nation most serious
farm problem is a huge, government-owned
stockpile o! surplus
crops.
The Farm Act, signed on May
28 by President Eisenhower af
ter months of political infighting,
is designed to cut down the sur
plus in two ways:
A soil bank program offers
payments to farmers who reduce
production of surplus crops.
Other provisions speed the
disposal of crops already in gov
ernment warehouses.
If the surplus is cut, admin
istration leaders say that farm
prices will rise.
Here is an outline of the soil
bank plan and other major fea
tures of the bill:
Operation of Soil Bank
Q What is the soil bank and
how does it work?
A It includes two separate
plans. Under one called the
acreage reserve farmers are
paid for reducing their produc
tion of wheat, corn, cotton, rice,
peanuts and tobacco below gov
ernment acreage allotments. The
government will make the pay
ments on a year - to - year basis
through 1959.
The second phase of the soil
bank is called the conservation
reserve. This applies to all culti
vated crops, including hay.
Farmers who sign conservation
reserve contracts agree to re
serve a specified number of
acres for soil conservation rath
er than crop production for a
minimum of three years. Con
tracts could run up to 10 years
in most cases, up to 15 years in
others. The government would
pay most of the initial cost of
putting the land into conserva
tion. It also would make an an
nual rental payment.
Q How much tax money will
this cost?
A That depends on how you
look at it. Congress has author
ized $1,200,000,000 annually for
the soil bank through 1959. But
administration officials say that
most, if not all, of that sum
would have to be spent anyway
supporting prices of the crops
farmers would grow if there
were no soil bank. Costs this
year will "be relatively small be
cause few farmers are expected
to put 1956 crops in the bank.
Q If the plan works re
duces surpluses and raises farm
prices what will happen to re
tail prices?
A Not much, predicts Agricul
ture department economist Don
Pearlberg. He says much of the
vU.;-fc '.its
NO DUDE "Smile when
vou call me that," warns
Max Baer as he throws a
rope on Livermore Rodeo
queen candidate Barbara
Nissen. Barbara complies as
Max promises to come in
cowboy togs for the western
affair at Livermore, Calif.,
June 9-10.
farm increase will be absorbed
by middlemen who usually in
crease their profit margin when
farm prices drop and reduce
them when farm prices rise.
Q What does the bill do to
get rid of current surpluses?
A The administration is or
dered to sell surplus cotton at
world prices. It is specifically
ordered not to turn down bids
at 25.5 cents a pound if nobody
offers a better price.
The bill gives the Agriculture
department authority to process
surplus foods so they can be giv
en away easier. It also author
izes additional foreign relief
shipments.
The bill also sets up a presl
dentially -appointed commission
to tind more industrial uses for
farm products.
Price Supports
Q The first 1956 farm bill,
vetoed by President Eisenhower,
would have restored rigid, 90
per cent of parity supports on
major crops. What does the new
law provide?
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Wed. till 9 p.m.
With Soil Bank and Crop Disposal, Explains
A The act leaves the admin
istration's flexible price support
system untoched. But it raises
supports on grain sorghums,
oats, barley and rye in 1956 to
76 per cent of parity theoreti
cal point at which farmers are
said to get a fair return for their
crops. Agriculture Secretary
Ezra T. Benson had set supports
for these grains at 70 per cent
of parity.
The bill also seta aside sched
uled 1957 declines in the parity
prices of wheat, corn and pea
nuts. The Agriculture depart
ment is ordered to give Congress
recommendations on improve
ments in the farm parity for
mula. Q The bill contains a "two
price" plan for rice. How does
it work?
A The two-price plan goes
into effect only if Agriculture
Secretary Benson decides it is
feasible and he has been cool to
it In the past. Under this provi
sion, the government would set
90 per cent of parity price sup
ports for rice consumed in the
United States and Cuba. The re
mainder of the crop would
move into export markets at
lower prices.
Acreage Controls
Q What does the bill do
about federal planting controls?
A The corn acreage allot
ment in the main corn belt is in
creased about 15 per cent for
those farmers who agree to put
a portion of their cropland into
the soil bank. Before Dec. 15,
corn growers will vote to decide
whether to retain the increased
allotment, termed a "base acre
age" in the law. If they choose
the base acreage, price support
levels will be completely at the
discretion of the secretary of ag
riculture. Should the farmers
choose to keep the old planting
allotment system, supports will
Quotes From the News
By UNITED PRESS
Easton, Pa. Vice-President Richard M. Nixon, on winning
"the minds and hearts of men" in neutral nations:
"The uncommitted nations are not going to be frightened into
alliance with the West by military power, nor can their allegiance
be purchased by dollars."
Washington Mae Wast, on whether Wednesday's battle be
tween two of the musclemen in her nightclub act was in first time
two men had fought over her:
"No, but not in public like this before. I prefer doing things
behind closed doors."
New York Tenor Frank Parker, on his decision to leave the
Arthur Godfrey television shows after a six-year association:
"It is most gratifying to me, not losing Arthur's friendship,
which goes back long before I started working for him."
Miami The Rev. Thao R. Gibson, president of the local chap
ter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People, on a plan to ask an end to bus segregation in Miami:
"If they (the bus company) don't come across we will call a
boycott or go to the courts or both."
Washington Sen. James O. Eastland (D.-Miss.) chairman of
the Internal Security subcommittee, on the background of Sew
eryn Bialer, a Polish refugee who testifies today before the com
mittee. "He was an emissary In the Polish Communist party to Mos
cow in 1954 and was able to observe first-hand many Soviet secrets."
remain between 75 and 80 per
cent of parity.
Cotton acreage allotments for
1957 and 1958 will be 100.000
acres above the 1956 level. The
extra acreage goes to the small
farmers. The act also provides
that no state allotment may be
reduced more than one per cent
in 1957 and 1958.
Rice acreage allotments for
1956 may not be more than 15
per cent below last year, and
1957-58 allotments are frozen at
the 1956 level.
Federal Aid for Forestry
Q Aside from soil bank pay
ments for tree planting as a con
servation measures, what does
the new law do for forestry?
A It authorizes federal aid
to states which plan reforesta
tion programs. Where trees are
planted on non-federal land, the
Agriculture department could
match state spending on a dol-lar-for-dollar
basis. The bill sets
no definite sum for the program,
leaving this for a later decision.
The bill also orders the Agri
culture departmen to study price
trends and relationships for for
est products. The information is
to be reported to Congress in
one year.
Jeanne Crain Seeks
Action Against Mate
Hollywood (U.R) Actress
Jeanne Crain today sought court
action against her estranged hus
band, manufacturer Paul Brink
man, on her charges he carried
a gun and might use it.
Miss Crain Thursday filed a
petition for Brinkman to show
cause why he should not be held
in contempt of court for violat
ing a court order restraining him
for molesting or annoying her.
The actress claimed in her plea
that she feared for her own phy
sical safety and that of her four
children.
The actress said Brinkman
told friends he had the gun end
"might use it." Miss Crain also
charged that Brinkman tapped
her telephone line and cashed
checks on their community prop
erty in violation of court orders.
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122 East Main Phone 3-5348
04
122 EAST MAIN PHONE 3-5348
Op Daily 9:30 a.m. ta S.3Q p.m. Wad. till 9 p.m.
Grange Maintains
Strong Opposition
To State Sales Tax
Pendleton 0J.P.) The Oregon
State Grange today still main
tained its historic opposition to
a sales tax.
Delegates to the 83rd annual
convention of the Grange yester
day turned down three resolu
tions calling for indorsement of
a sales tax for school support.
There had been speculation that
the opposition to a sales tax was
weakening.
A resolution which received
favor called for no more in
creases in freight rates. Speak
ers said high rates already were
shutting Oregon farm products
out of many markets.
James T. Marr, executive sec
retary of the State Federation of
Labor, told Grangers that labor
has been accused unjustly of be
ing a major contributor to the
farm problem. He cited figures
to refute claims that high indus
trial wages are raising farmers'
costs. He said falling farm prices
were the basic cause of the cur
rent farm problems.
A special runoff election was
Elton Waldron Joins
Milling Firm Here
Elton Waldron, who has been
associated with the seed, feed
and garden supply business in
southern Oregon for several
years, has become a member of
the firm of Morton milling com
pany, according to Oliver Mor
ton. Waldron, who will be vice
president and sales manager,
was formery southern Oregon
representative from the Charles
H. Lilly company. Before that
he was with the F. . Samson
company for 17 years.
held and Susie Wells, Pine
Grove Grange, Hood River coun
ty, was elected chaplain of the
State Grange.
Roy Battles, assistant to the
master of the National Grange,
told the group that Oregon
growers "lead the nation by
far" in the field of sound, pro
gressive wheat programs.
Floyd Root, Wasco grower
and vice-president of the Nation
al Association of Wheat Grow
ers, suggested the "domestic
parity" plan would help use up
the wheat surplus and get rid
of acreage controls through in
creased feed, export and food j
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