FOUR MEDFORD (OREGON)
UNI
"Everybody In Southern Oregon
Heads The Mail Tribune"
Published Dally Except Saturday by
MIDFORD FKiNTlNU tU.
27-29 North Fir St. Phone 2-8141
ROBERT W. BUHL. Editor
HERB GREY. Advertising Manager
GERALD LATHAM. Business Manager
ERIC ALLEN JR, Managing Kditor
EARL H. ADAMS. City Editor
HARRY CHIP MAN. Telegraph Editor
RICHARD JEWETT Sports tailor
OLIVE ST ARCHER Society Editor
DALE ERICKSON. Circulation Mgr.
An Independent Newipaper
Entered as second class matter at
Medford. Oregon, under Act of
March 3. 1897
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
R Mll In Arivanrap Pur COOT IOC
Dally and Sunday One year $12.00
Daily and Sunday Six months 6.50
Daily and Sunday Three mos. 3-30
Sunday Only one year u
Rv rimw In Advance Medford,
Aahland. Central Point, Eagle Point.
Jacksonville. Gold Hill, Phoenix.
Shady Cove. Rogue River, laieni.
and on motor routes:
Daily and Sunday One year 115.00
Daily and Sunday One month 1-23
Carrier and Dealers Sc per copy
All Terms Cash In Advance
Official Paper of the City of Medford
Official Paper of Jackson Connty
United Press Full Leased Wire
MEMBER OF AUDIT BUREAU
OF CIRCULATION
WEST-HOLLIDAY COMPANY INC.
Offices In New York. Chicago. De
troit, San Francisco. Los Angeles,
Seattle. Portland. St. Louis. Atlanta.
Vancouver. B.C.
NATIONAL EDITORIAL
IassocPatlqn
milMlgll'ITT
NEWSPAPER
PUBLISHERS
ASSOCIATION
Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the file of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20. 30 and
tO years ago. '
10 YEARS AGO
April 29, 1948
(It was Monday)
Presentation of awards to vol
unteer workers will be main
feature of closing program of
Riverside USO.
From Arthur Perry's Ye
Smudge Pot column; A shortage
of hay baling wire prevails In
the valley. Hereafter, huge gov
ernment loans to foreign lands
should be shipped lose.
SO YEARS AGO
April 29. 1936
(It was Wednesday)
The Unique Cleaners and the
City Cleaning and Dyeing will
be consolidated socn, it was
learned today.
Dr. Robert E. Lee today re
ceived an appointment from
Governor Charles H. Martin to
the state board of examiners in
optometry.
30 YEARS AGO
April 29, 1926
(It was Thursday)
Organization of the Southern
Oregon Sales, Inc., was effected
at a meeting of the stockhold
ers last night.
The rim of Crater Lake is not
slipping into the lake, accord
ing to Richard W. Price, who
operates the inn at the lake.
40 YEARS AGO
April 29. 1916
(It was Saturday)
"Pep," the new Medford
drink, combination of apple and
loganberry juice, was placed on
the market today by the Rogue
River Canning company.
The Women's Congregational
union's special car passed
through Medford this morning.
Whai's lha Answer?
Can You Get 4 of the 7?
Copr. 1955. Editorial Research Report
1. General level of retail pric
es as a whole has been going up
recently, or going down, or stay
ing about the same?
2. The United States Is or is
n't a member of the Internation
al Labor Organization, a U.N.
agency?
3. Average age at which pres
ent old-age annuitants retired in
order to get annuities was (a) 65
(the minimum), (b) 67, (c) 68V4,
(d) 70, or (e) 714?
4. The state of Israel does or
doesn't maintain diplomatic re
lations with the Soviet Union?
5. An attempt was made in
Miami, Fla., to assassinate a
President-elect; T. Roosevelt,
Harding, Hoover, F. D. Roos
evelt, Truman or Eisenhower?
6. The Prohibition party can
didate for president in 1952 poll
ed over 100,000 votes; right or
wrong?
7. A toxophilite is interested
in poisons, archery, snakes,
stamps, coins or allergies?
The answers: 1. Staying about
the same. 2. Is. 3. 68V4 was the
average. 4. Does. 5. F. D. Roos
evelt. 6. Wrong. 7. Archery.
Subscribers
To report Improper or non-delivery
of the Mail Tribune phone
3-6141 before 6:43 pm. dally and
1030 ajn. Sunday.
If regular delivery arrives short
ly after you call please notify office
thus eliminating special messenger
service.
MAIL TRIBUNE
Another "Ify" Question
To the Editor:
It would be interesting to know which way Senator
Morse and "R.W.R." would have voted on the tidelands oil
"give-away" if Oregon had as much off-shore oil as some
of the Gulf states.
John O. Rector,
214 W. Jackson.
It would be, wouldn't it?
It is always so "interesting" to speculate on what
would have happened, if what did happen, had not
happened.
Where would General Eisenhow'er be today, for
example, had he decided to join the Democratic party
instead of the Republican?
Perhaps right where he i3 only under a different
banner. Then again perhaps not. He was, not so long
ago, a confirmed non-voter, and undecided as to
which party he preferred.
QNE CAN NEVER tell for sure of course.
What would have happened to the General
for example, if Hitler had won the "battle of the
bulge" instead of losing it?
Right where he is today perhaps.
But again, one can't be certain. A decisive victory
by the Germans at that particular time might have
changed the entire course of events abroad and yield
ed an entirely different crop of war ' heroes. Then
again it might not. It is all necessarily conjecture.
We agree with our correspondent, however, it
would be "interesting' to know what, by the nature
of things, can't be KNOWN.
TN THIS direction, we have often wondered what
would have happened if that cash offering to Vice
President Nixon (then Senator) had never been paid
by that choice group of California patriots and oil
promoters, and accepted.
Mr. Nixon maintained, if we recall correctly, that
the only difference would have been a reduction in
his correspondence, his close contact with his constit
uents. For it was all spent for postage stamps, en
velopes, with perhaps a few erasers and a shoe
shine thrown in.
Well, perhaps so.
But there might have been other differences. Who
can tell for sure? The entire incident and its conse
quences or lack of them has always been a mys
tery to this department. x
What would have happened, for example, if Mr.
Nixon had failed to deliver that "tear-jerker" over
the air about his beautiful family life and the appeal
ing qualities of his pet poodle "Checkers?"
if Mr. Nixon had made no such dramatic and
clever radio appeal, but frankly admitted his indis
cretion, and faced the music with only the family pup
out of it, would General Eisenhower have given him
the "French salute," called him "my dear boy" and
agreed with Chairman Leonard Hall that Dick Nixon
is "the greatest vice president ever to take the oath
of office in American history"? (This is a bit tough
on Vice Presidents John Adams, Thomas Jefferson,
Teddy Roosevelt, Calvin Coolidge and Harry Tru
man, but we doubt if the chairman of the GOP na
tional committee is well up on his U.S. history, or
if he has a very high regard for any of the vice presi
dents particularly the last named.) ' ,
It would be interesting to know.
But as remarked, one can't KNOW.
One can only guess.
TT IS EASY to guess what our correspondent's belief
is, namely: were Oregon an oil state beyond the
three-mile limit, like Texas, Florida or Louisiana, our
Senior Senator would have led the fight FOR this
"give-away" instead of against it.
Would he?
There is nothing in his public record or his char
acter to indicate it. We believe anyone who read Sen
ator Morse's hard-hitting speech against the Tide
lands Oil measure, would agree, regardless of party
sympathies, of the soundness of his logic and the
depth of his sincerity.
He believed with the U. S. Supreme Court, that
this off-shore oil did not belong exclusively to the
three or four states whose shores were adjoining, but
like the waters of the oceans beyond the three-mile
limit, to the nation as a whole. Instead of California,
Texas, Louisiana and eventually a few large oil oper
ators getting all the millions or billions involved,
he favored distributing this natural wealth to all
states including Oregon, partly as a federal aid to
better schools and better education.
"I17E ARE QUITE SURE, had an oil gusher erupted
off the Oregon coast following his remarks, the
Senator would not have changed his opinions.
As Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt remarked the other
night in her talk to the people of Medford, in Wayne
Morse, Oregon has a Senator "without fear."
That is true. Senator Morse believes what he says
and he says what he believes, and as he has never
allowed self-interest to be a guiding principle, so he
has never allowed the popularity or unpopularity of
his beliefs, deter him from expressing them, when he
believed them to be right. .
IN FACT ' again this is entirely speculation we
have a pious idea that the stand of the two parties
on this Tidelands Oil issue had more to do with
Morse's support of Adlai Stevenson four years ago
and his opposition to General Eisenhower and the
GOP, than any other one consideration. Mebbe not,
but that's our guess.
It was Adlai Stevenson who not only opposed this
billion dollar "give-away," but fought it from the
platform in Texas when he was told that if he took
such a stand he would lose the state. But the Demo
cratic candidate believed the issue an extremely im
portant and basic one, bringing into sharp relief the
line of cleavage between the two major parties sup
port of the general welfare clause of the Constitution
or violation of it in favor of profits to private inter-
Sunday. April 29, 1956
Matter of Fact by
THE HOUSE ARAMCO BUILT
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia The
cloister of King Saud's new
palace at Jeddah, where his
guests assem
ble for state
dinners, is
about 100
yards long by
80 wide a
g i g antic ren
dering of an
Alhambra
c o u rtyard by
the latest
Joseph Aisop rencn - train
ed Cairo architect with a swim
ming pool complete with copper
exit ladder where, in the Al
hambra, you would find a small
lightly plashing fountain. Yet
the swimming pool beautifully
reflects the star studded brilli
ance of the night sky above.
The Arab dignitaries no lean
men of the desert these are
plump, prosperous and dignified
m their flowing robes and cord
ed head-dresses. Wisely, they sit
quietly, gossiping with then
next door neighbors, in long
rows of chairs. But in their
nervous way, the foreigners, the
diplomats, mill about exchanging
greetings in a rapid fire of "ex
cellences." Instead of cocktails, glasses
of orange pop are offered with
paper napkins, which blow about
in the night wind off the desert
and send . the white robed serv
ants on an anxious chase. Sud
denly, through the long windows
that open on the vast Arabo
Louis XIV reception room, some
one glimpses the procession of
the Negro guards. The King in
herited them from his father,
the great Ibn Saud. So the
guards are rather fat and elder
ly and unintimidating now, de
spite the gilded scimitars they
wear beneath, their black and
gold embroidered jackets.
rpHE guests spring to attention
and watch the rest of the
procession through the windows
a troop of the Saudi Arabian
Army MPs in helmets bright
ly painted in the American style
to strike a modern note; then
a large troop of soldiers from
the Yemen, scrawny little men,
turbanned, tunicked, exotically
scarved and heavily be-scimi-tarred
but wearing cheap Czech
oslovakian shoes; and then a
troop of Saudi princes led by
the tall, impressive heir to the
throne, Feisal, Prince of the
Hejaz.
FinaUy comes the King him
self, tall, like his brother Feisal
and with a superb natural dig
nity. The short, stout little Imam
Ahmed of Yemen, the evening's
guest of honor, trotting along
side with his hand in King Saud's
reassuring hand.
The poor Imam needs reas
surance, for he is old and ill and
this is his first trip beyond the
borders of the least known coun
try in the modern world. Besides
the politics of Yemen have been
sadly troubled and intermittent
ly sanguinary since the death
of the Imam Yaya. It is even
rumored that the Imam Ahmed
has had to bring his crown
prince along to insure against
trouble in his absence; and the
young crown prince is certain
ly frowning rather somberly,
as though at a missed oppor
tunity. But these are dark thoughts,
inappropriate to the occasion.
The guests file, bowing, past the
benevolently smiling King and
the little Imam who waggles
his big, richly turbanned head
like a teetotum in a sort of pas
sion of politeness. Then comes
the second march, into the
enormous state dining room
where the tables could accomo
date the 400 guests at least
twice over.
Once again soda pop replaces
wine, so the conversation is per
haps even more pallid than is
usual on such occasions. One of
the foreigners whispers that
"this is the house Aramco built,"
and it is indisputable oil money
paid for the new palace. Anoth
er says, a. little peevishly, that
he has learned to be "for Ameri
can for everything, even coke,
but why oh why does the King
,have to have an American
chef"; and again it is true that
King Saud's foreign cook, who
has come out to survey the feast,
looks suspiciously like a mess
sergeant of the old U.S. Army.
OURSE succeeds course. A
military band plays Arabic
music, high and haunting, in a
I f
ests.
So? like Mr. Morse, he stuck to his guns and dared
to beard the lion in his den, regardless of consequen
ces. His advisors were right this action did lose him
Texas, the support of Governor Shivers and perhaps
who knows? the election.
AS TO THE jnquiry regarding "R.W.R.'s vote,"
that is rather beside the point. ''R.W.R." has
never had a chance to vote for or against the Tide
lands Oil bill and never will. He can only express his
opinion regarding the measure which has been
done.
We will admit this, however:
We would like to have oil discovered along the
Oregon coast, preferably in the vicinity of Gold Beach
and the mouth of the Rogue, River. That would ben
efit the state and also give our worthy correspondent
a quick and complete answer to his question. R.W.R.
Joseph Alsop
curtained alcove. A court bard
descended straight from the
poetic line that sang before
Agamennon at Mycenae and in
Harald Fairhair's Hall in Nor
way, recites a long poem in
praise of the King and Imam
into a deafening loudspeaker
system. And then the dinner is
over; the servants perfume the
guests with the smoke of burn
ing sandalwood; and the King
strides off to his private room,
eagerly followed by half a dozen
of his youngest sons, bright eyed
irrepressible children in white
garments and gold skull caps,
who chatter delightedly among
themselves.
In King Saud's anti-room,
there is the inner circle of the
court the master of ceremonies
who controls access to his Majes
ty; the tall, coal dark, brilliant-'
ly intelligent Finance Minister,
grandson of a slave, briskly giv
ing orders into a telephone; and
one of the King's three refugee
advisors, Jamal Bey Husseini,
nephew of the Grand Mufti of
Jerusalem, who distills venom
against Palestine's invaders and
all the West in a beautifuUy
educated English voice.
There is no smoking in the
King's palace there has been
no smoking for more than three
hours so the foreign visitor
is a little nervous for want of
a cigarette when the call comes
to the audience. But King Saud
is graciously welcoming, and
so the audience begins.
As is customary on these oc
casions, nothing very startling
is said, the King shows a gener
ous forbearance towards the
British over the Buraimi dis
pute, which arouses violent feel
ings here. One remembers that
this meeting with the Imam and
Egypt's Col. Nasser is likely to
mean bad future trouble for the
British in their Aden protec-.
torate". Yet the King's words of
friendship for America are ob
viously sincere.
, The conversation does not
make one quite forget the scene
itself the King somehow a
grand figure, sitting impassive
at his desk and gently smiling
when he is not speaking, and
then, between the King and his
visitor, the young interpreter,
last seen in Washington in a
fairly sensational convertible,
but now a figure out of the
Arabian Nights as he kneels on
the floor by his master's chair,
translating his master's words
with downcast eyes.
fPHEN, as the talk continues,
one gets a sense of the King's
character and of his predica
ment, a sense of a good man,
born into old ways, attached
to all that is customary and
familiar, yet required by fate
to carry his country through
the baffling transition from the
past into the present. But the
little princes are already ham
mering at the door, for their
after dinner hour with their
father. No more can be ventured
except a compliment on the
discovery of plentiful fresh wa
ter at the King's second capital
of Riyadh, which causes the
King's whole face to light up
as he remarks that this was bet
ter news than the new oil field
Aramco told him about the other
day.
And so the audience ends,
with the interpreter kneeling
again to kiss the King's hand,
and the little princes pouring
into the room in a desperate
hurry to be first at the King's
knee. Somehow, although so
cial notes do not generally ap
pear in this space, the contrasts
of the evening seemed to tell
a great deai about this remark
ably interesting and increasing
ly critical country.
Copyright 1956.
New York Herald Tribune Inc.
Athena Logger Dies
In Truck Accident
Pendleton flj.R) Charles
J. McCracken, "31-year-old .Ath
ena logger, was killed Thursday
when the pickup truck he was
driving plunged off the road and
landed 88 feet below the high
way. Umatilla County Sheriff
Roy Johnson said the accident
occurred near Pine creek about
10 miles east of Pendleton.
Hebert Gray, a passenger in
the truck, was knocked uncon
scious and notified the sheriff
from a nearby ranch house after
he regained consciousness.
McCracken is survived by a
widow and five children.
POTLUCIC
(By M-T Staff and
Contributors)
Remember the far - famed
"bermuda shorts" picture the
one which was printed in many
parts of this country and else
where after it appeared in the
Mail Tribune?
Well, two more reports have
come in. It was also printed in
an English-language newspaper
in Rome, Italy, and in a paper
in Auckland, New Zealand.
Mrs. J. E. Russell, 204 North
Holly st., is acquainted with
Dr. D. Kirkland West, minist
er of the First Presbyterian
church, and has heard him
preach on a number of oc
casions. In Portland last week she
was visiting her daughter,
Viola Mae. a freshman at
Lewis and Clark college, and
on Thursday attended chapel
with her. '
The speaker? Dr. West, of
course, to Mrs. Russell's sur
prise and pleasure.
A new post office is under
construction in Jacksonville,
and is being watched carefully
by post office patrons. For a
week, now, the postmaster has
been getting complaints that the
foundation of the new office is
smaller than the present post
office. He became worried, and
began having visions of working
in quarters smaller than those in
u? at present, and finally took
a tape measure Ho the new- site.
He proved to himself, as well
as for purposes of argument,
that the new building will too be
bigger than the old one.
;
Tall bearded iris growers
are not all tall people with
beards, it was, explained in the
news room last week.
Some of them, anyway, are
people that grow tall bearded
irises.
e
A representative of the South
ern Pacific company, in town
last week for the PUC hearing
on the SP's now-defunct passen
ger service, seemed to sense that
the general attitude was not
wholly one of sympathy. He
claimed to be wearing a coat of
mail, under his business suit,
and explained he wasn't sure
whether or not the county had
yet doubled the bounty on SP
men. -
Speaking of the lack of pas
senger service, one additional
reason for the trains was given
at the hearing Thursday by a
grandmotherly - looking lady,
who said youngsters should
not be deprived of the oppor
tunity of seeing what a real
train looks like and riding
on one.
Her complaint is a perfectly
valid and good one, and we
agree with her. But coming as
it did during the midst of ris
ing tension and argument as
the hearing progressed, it fur
nished a welcome break in the
parade of dead - serious wit
nesses. Birthday parties are nice
things. We know of one last
week to which 11 children were
invited, but more kept showing
up and by the time it was over,
there were 20 youngsters there.
A member of the Zonta club
last week was observed sneak
ing inio a nearby coffee shop,
just after finishing a $1.25
Zonta club luncheon. She or
dered a piece of her favorite
custard pie. recommended by
the waitress.
A friend, also fresh from,
the luncheon, leased the Z on
tan about ordering the pie
(much to the Zontan's discom
fort) and then ordered a ham
burger "to go."
A staff member has been
plagued for some time by a
loose connection in the tele
phone instrument he uses. And
one day last week, when he just
happened to be talking to Jack
Creager, PT&T manager here,
the difficulty ' seemed to get
worse. Creager inquired as to
what the heck was the matter.
Upon being told, he called the
service department, and a re
pairman came around in no
time at all, it seemed.
There's a farm we know,
about where, in addition to
three small children and as
sorted livestock, there if a
small bantam hen.
The hen, for no good reason
at all, disdains a nest, and lays
her eggs on top of a pear lug.
When this happens, the egg
invariably rolls off and down
onto a concrete floor much
to the dismay of the farmer's
wife.
In a Medford residential
neighborhood there are " four
youngsters in the 10-year-old
category who play together.
America being what It is, they
have formed a club. Ten-year-olds
being what they .are, the
club's four members are all offi
cers. The offices they hold are:
"President," "secretary-treas
urer," "boss," and "food picker
and passer."
Today and
By Walter
NATO Next Step j
On Tuesday Mr. Dulles an
nounced that at the spring con
ference of the 15 NATO powers
which is meet
ing in Paris
next week, he
would join
those who
wished to see
whether the
non - military
side of the al
liance can be
devel oped.
Walter Lippmann There is a
widespread feeling in Europe
and in Canada that NATO can
be given a new lease of life only
if it ceases to be exclusively a
military alliance.
Mr. Lester Pearson has been
saying this for a long time. Gen.
Gruenther said recently that the
time has come to "move ahead
into other fields" under Article
II of the NATO treaty. President
Gronchi of Italy and the Prime
Minister of France, M. Mollet,
are both ardent advocates of
this view. So, too, is the German
government.
e
rpHE QUESTION is what can
A and what should NATO do
on the civilian side? When we
ask ourselves this question, the
first thing we note is that there
is no obvious answer. This is a
warning not to try to invent
something for NATO to do, not
to look about for some kind of
made work, a kind of boon
doggle, to keep the NATO or
ganization busy.
What, we must ask ourselves,
is there that very much needs
to be done that NATO alone can
do? The answer, I venture to
think, is that the NATO powers
very much need to find means
of forming common policies with
the world that is outside of
NATO. Another way to put this
would be to say that NATO,
having become a military power,
needs to be able to form and
conduct a foreign policy.
Communications
Letters to the Editor must bear
Che name and address of the writer
til though under certain circum
stances the use of a Den name or
initial for publication is Dermis
lible The Mail Tribune reserves
the right to edit all letters with an
eye to clarification and condensa
tion Letters submitted for publica
tion must not exceed 400 words
Look Over Candidates
To the Editor: Some questions
I would like answered:
After listening and watching
a TV program on "what goes
with our tax dollar," I thought
it might be wise to look over
my county tax bill which had
increased in one year some $60
Out of that increase, will I get
a road over which I can continue
my broiler business in case of
another flood (the route has al
ready been surveyed) or will I
have to take a chance on a tem
porary log bridge which was
constructed when the Nether-
erland bridge went out?
Will the tax office send me
a notice saying I will get a re
fund because I had no way to
get that income to pay taxes?
This might be a good year to
look over our candidates.
Mrs. A. B. Clark
Trail, Ore.
Creating Wealth
To the Editor: Here is a con
dense i.-on of a message by the
president of a well known in
surance society of America:
Tens of millions of individuals
are justifiably concerned over
the soaring costs of govern
ments local, state and nation
al during recent years. It is a
matter of deep concern to nearly
everyone because of its impact
upon the national economy. It is
said on good authority that these
governmental units spent 07
billion dollars last year a gain
of 107 per cent or more than
50 billion dollars since 1956.
The statement is made that
there are four principal reasons
why government finance, has
reached a critical stage: 1. The
demand for tax relief, implying
that overall taxation has reach
ed a limit. 2. Dependence of
state' and local government
upon- federal aid has grown tre
mendously. 3. The federal debt
has again and again passed the
statutory ceiling. 4. Government
expenditures are rising faster
than the country is producing
new wealth.
It appears that the days of
'soaking the rich" are gone; that
if every cent of income after
taxes of those receiving over
$20,000 a year were appropriat
ed the total would be only about
$12,500,000,000 sufficient to
pay the federal government's
current bills for about 68 days
By H. R. Ruff in The Modern
Woodsman, for April 1956.
So what does it all add up to?
What we are wondering is, what
creates new wealth? Is it a new
product like uranium that will
be in demand for the coming use
of automation in the near future
when mankind will be united in
purpose, to end illiteracy, pov
erty and war, and guaranteed
security to all the people of
every nation?
Bert Kissinger
520 Boardman, Apt. 1,
Medford, Ore.
m umi .t.tmmmmmm
Tomorrow
Lippmann
TO SAY this is to differ with
those who think that the new
function should be in the eco
nomic field. Mr. Dulles is, I
think, quite right in holding
that NATO is not the best or
ganization for dealing with eco
nomic affairs within the AUantic
community. There is a better
agency for that, the OEEC, not
only because it includes Switz
erland and Sweden but because
in economic affairs it has an
expertness and an experience
that NATO does not have.
Mr. Dulles is suggesting that
NATO might be used to deal
with economic affairs outside of
Europe. M. Mollet t and others
have proposed that economic aid
to the under-developed countries
be administered through NATO.
I wonder. It is not certain that
the attempt to use NATO, which
is primarily a military alliance,
to administer economic aid
would encounter the bitter op
position of the unaligned coun
tries of Asia and Africa? Can
anyone imagine Burma or Cey
lon or Egypt or India or Indo
nesia allowing NATO to play a
leading part in its economic de
velopment? UflT COME back then to the
political field. Here some
thing new in the way of consul
tation very much needs to be
worked out.
When we "look at NATO to
day keeping in mind the pur
pose for. which it was organized
seven years ago, we find a great
change. In 1949 our primary
concern was with the, defense of
Western Europe, which was then
in effect disarmed, against in
vasion and conquest by the Red
Army. In 1956 the greatest con
cern of the Western Power is
not the military defense of
NATO territory but the safe
guarding of the vital interests
of the West in Asia, the Middle
East and Africa. Seven year
ago our eyes were on the fron
tiers of the NATO countries.
Now our eyes are on countries
far outside of NATO and not
included in the guaranatees of
the NATO pact
The principal military pow
ers on which the military force
of NATO rests are today the
United States, Great Britain and
Frances. All three are deeply
involved outside the European
territory of NATO the French
in Africa, the British In the.
Middle East, the United States
in the Far East. If they are in
volved in war outside of the
NATO what can they expect of
their allies in NATO? And what
can their alies in NATO expect
of them?
SPHERE are problems here
which very much need to be
clarified. NATO is theoreticaUy
a regional alliance, involving
no obligations outside its own
carefully defined foundaries.
Yet the leading military nations
in NATO have great interests
and abligations beyond those
boundaries. As NATO is certain
to be involved in what happens
outside of NATO, how is NATO
to have some say in what is
done outside of NATO? This is,
one might say, the great con
stitutional problem of NATO,
and it very much needs to be
studied and dealt with.
1956, New York
Herald Tribune Inc.
Congressional
Quiz
(Copyright, 195S
Congressional Quarterly)
Q Two early legislative ef
forts of the New Deal were de
clared wholly or partly uncon
stitutional by the Supreme Court.
Can you name them?
A The National Industrial
Recovery Act and Agricultural
Adjustment Act, both passed in
1933. The Supreme Court de
clared unconstitutional the entire
NIRA in 1935. Production control
and other features of AAA were
declared unconstitutional in
1936.
Q The McMahon Act is the
basic legislation in what field?
A Atomic energy. Passed in
1946, the Act created a five-member
Atomic Energy Commission
to direct atomic development.
Q The Volstead Act is asso
ciated with: (a) sedition; (b) pro
hibition; (c) immigration; (d) for
eign trade.
A (b) Prohibition. Passed in
1919 over President Woodrow
Wilson's veto, the Volstead Act
implemented the ' 18th amend
ment. The Act was widely dis
obeyed, but remained in force
until 1933 when the 21st Amend
ment repealed the 18th.
Q The Battle Act governs
what subject? (a) declaration of
war; (b) duelling; (c) U.S. contri
bution to NATO defenses; (d)
trade in strategic materials.
A (d) Trade in strategic ma
terials. Passed in 1951, the Mu
tual Defense Assistance Control
Act, or Battle Act after its spon
sor, Rep. Laurie Battle (D-Ala.),
provides that no aid should go ta
countries that trade strategia
goods to Iron Curtain countries. :