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5 lit Year 18 Pages
Alabama Bus Firm
Ends Segregation
On Court Order
Passengers To
Choose Own Seats
Montgomery, Ala. (U.R)
A bus company suffering severe
financial strain because of a
boycott by Negro passengers to
day abolished segregation under
the authority of a U. S. Supreme
iSCourt decision made Monday.
The Montgomery City Bus Co.
announced Monday night that
white ana colored passengers
would both be permitted to sit
whever an dno wis thete
wherever they choose on the
transit vehicles beginning to
day. The bus company's decision
defied an Alabama criminal law
which requires that Negroes sit
at the rear and whites at the
front of public transportation
vehicles. "
It was announced a few hours
after the U. S. Supreme Court
ruled that passengers cannot be
segregf ted by race on the public
transportation even within the
boundaries of a state. The high
court previously ruled against
segregation on public transport
ation engaged In interstate com
merce.
The Rev. Martin Luther King,
convicted leader of 80 Negroes
arrested on charges of conspir
ing to wage an illegal boycott,
said the Supreme Court decision
and the Montgomery City Bus
Co. announcement would have
no effect on the boycott Negroes
have practiced since last Dec. 5.
He said his followers would
continue to use their car pools
instead of the buses.
Some quarters said the decis
ion of the Negroes to continue
the boycott might provide an
effective safety factor in pre
venting possible racial disturb
ances of clashes between whites
and Negroes in this city of the
Deep South.
Montgomery is within an area
marked by southern leaders as
a danger zone in the event of
any sudden enforcement of de
segregation. ; r- r,Z
County Courthouse
To Close Saturdays
Jackson county's courthouse
will be closed every Saturday
after July 1, the county court
decided this morning.
The court also decided per
sonnel will assume duties at 8
a.m. each day, though the court
house will not be officially open
to the public until 8:30 a.m. At
the present time the work day
for courthouse personnel begins
at 8:30 a.m.
Decision to close the building
Saturdays was made after 116
employees signed a petition re
questing a hearing on the mat
ter. The half-hour is being added
to the employees' day in order
to maintain the 40-hour work
week that is now in effect, the
court explained. During the 30
rfihute period before the court
house is officially open, person
nel will perform administrative
and clerical duties.
The jail and legal departments
of the building will remain open,
the court said. County extension
agents will be working but their
office will be closed. The resi
dent circuit judge will be on
call Saturday mornings. .
County Planners to
Decide on Counselor
The Jackson county planning
commission last night voted to
talk with various planning coun
selors from other areas to decide
whether or not such a counselor
is needed here onta day-to-day
basis. '
The group also discussed pros
pects of hiring a full-time tech
nician to aid in county planning.
John Pletsch, president of the
commission, will meet soon with
Medford City Manager Robert
Duff to discuss possible candi
dates. Pletsch indicated hiring
a technician would involve less
expense than hiring a counselor.
The county planning commis
sion, appointed last January by
the county court, also discussed
policy in procedure for starting
and handling a program. An at
tempt will be made to coordin
ate the work of the group with
city ana school plannings groups
the commission decided.
MEDFORD, OREGON, TUESDAY, APRIL 24, 1956
fall ' li'tJs ' "Si A
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i;yAI it I r X r!ji
'4yniniimi mi iii i n m m '-mimM
MRS. F.D.R. ARRIVES Mrs. Franklin D.
Roosevelt, widow of the late President, is
shown as she arrived at the Medford airport -yesterday,
afternoon, prior to making the ad
dress at the sixth annual Roosevelt Memorial
dinner, an event which attracted some 1.400
persons last night. Meeting her are, left to
right, Mrs. Edward C. Kelly, general chair
man of the annual memorial event and former
Soviet CingesJJN WprlLAnS:
Discussed by Mrs. Roosevelt
The United' Slates must learn
to make friends with people in
other countries in order to win
the new economic, spiritual and
cultural challenge from the
Soviet Union, Mrs. Bgajyail,
Roosevelt declared Monday
night at the sixth annual Roose
velt Memorial dinner.
Mrs. Roosevelt, widow of the
late President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, was guest speaker at
the banquet, which drew a cross
party , crowd of approximately
1.400, held at Hedrick Junior
High, school. ,':r.:.
Soviet Changes
The speaker made reference
to Soviet changes in tactics since
the United Nations summit con
ference and pointed out, "The
Soviets have always talked
about wanting peace. Now they
are just emphasizing it"
She explained the Soviet the
ory that communism will dom
inate the world in centuries to
come. "They have felt time was
on their side," she said.
She said since the summit
conference it has become ap
parent to the Soviets that they
are not gaining world influence.
"Therefore, they have made
some concessions on disarma
ment and on some other mat
ters. But they have never said
they have changed their objec
tive. They have just changed the
battle field."
Preach Communism
Mrs. Roosevelt explained that
Soviet ideology is being . in
stilled in that country, as re
ligion. Skilled workmen and en
gineers who have been thus in
doctrinated have been taught
languages of other countries and
sent to these countries to learn
their methods, she said. While
there, . they win friends and
preach the doctrines of com
munism. "There is an economic, cul
tural and spiritual battle to be
won. It is a new .battle, and we
had better understand it or lose
it," she emphasized. "We need
to make friends in the world be;
cause that is the only way we
will win this new battle."
Mrs. Roosevelt, long a staunch
United Nations supporter, was
lavish in her praise of UN work
in. strengthening world unity
and easing international ten
sions. Major Peace Moves
Among recent major peace
moves backed by the UN, she
listed organization ' of the atoms
for peace group, the secretary
general's mission in the Middle
East, and the Gaza strip armis
tice. She said she felt that through
the atoms for peace group, "We
can really begin to use for
creative purposes this great
scientific knowledge, that has so
far been used only to create
destruction."
Mrs. Roosevelt heaped praise
on the special agencies of the
UN. She said, "These special
agencies are set up to work the
year around and are designed to
bring people together and dem
onstrate what working together
can achieve." She also com
mented favorably on UN work
in helping other nations develop
their resources.
"""If new" nations cannot de
velop their resources, our econ
omy will suffer. We are creating
markets every time the UN
helps develop a nation's natural
resources and these nations will
be good markets," she said.
The speaker pointed out that
it costs 67 cents per person per
year for the UN,- special agencies
and our own outside aid. "I
wish we would stop calling this
'aid' and call it 'investment',"
she added.
. Mrs. Roosevelt stressed the
importance of confidence in our
beliefs and convictions in com
ing through the ordeals of war
and depression.
"Why-were we so fearful that
communism would rise in our
midst and sweep the minds of
our people?" she asked. "Only
because we lost confidence in
our people to believe in their
own convictions."
Depression Days .
She spoke of the depression
days of the early '30s as a period
when communism could have
taken a strong hold.
"When you think that what
you have believed would meet
your needs has not met them,
you begin to look at other
Israeli Engineers
Said Ambush Victims
Jerusalem, (Israeli Sector)
(U.R) Israel announced today
that four Israeli water engineers
were killed from ambush less
than a mile from the Jordan
frontier. It said two of the bod
ies were cremated in their blaz
ing automobile.
United iNations investigators
tracked the attackers into Jor
dan. . j
Israel " protested immediately
to United Nations General Sec
retary Dag Hammarskjold, who
was in Damascus trying to ar
range . another cease fire in his
uphill struggle to restore peace
to the Holy Land.
In Damascus, Syrian officials
agreed to a cease fire but con
ditioned their agreement so
heavily it was practically unac
ceptable to Israel. The Syrians
demanded that Israel put off
indefinitely its plan to draw wa
ter from the Jordan river to
irrigate the Negev Desert waste
lands. Israel already has said
she would feel free to go ahead
with her irrigation plans.
DOW-JONES AVERAGES
New York (U.PJ Dow-Jones
closing stock averages: 30 indus
trials 503.36, off 3.92: 20 rail
roads 174.89, off 0.91; 15 utilities
65.14, off 0.29; 65 stocks 179.52,
off 1.15. Sales today were about
2.500,000 compared with 2,440,
000 yesterday.
i
,
Price 5c
No. 29
Democratic party chairman here, Robert
Boyer, present chairman of the Democratic
party in Jackson county,. last night's master
of ceremonies, and Robert ' Holmes, Astoria,
a member of the state senate and Democratic
candidate for governor. Mrs. Roosevelt left
by plane this morning after a press confer
ence and a meeting with the local United Na
tions group. (Brainerd photo)
things. The depression was a
time when we might have been
endangered by communism. But
we got over that time and have
mo.vM5t??CJilxsveti;Wc-nust
gain again the confidence " we
gained through the depression."
Mrs. Roosevelt was admitted
ly impressed by the program
preceding her address, when
the McLoughlin Junior High
school chorus sang, "We Re
member, F.D.R."
'Remarkable Thing'
"To iind people remembering
is a very remarkable" thing,"
she said. "It is important his
torically to remember certain
things."
She then pointed out that a
lesson that should not be for
gotten was learned during the
depression.
"We learned that if we work
together we can succeed," she
said. "At that time we felt a
unity of purpose, and things be
gan to happen because we
worked together." She also gave
considerable credit to the peo
ple's understanding of their part
in government for survival of
the depression blow.
International Travels
During her address,. Mrs.
Roosevelt made frequent men
tion of her international travels.
The only political element in
her talk came when she spoke
of Sen. Wayne Morse (D-Ore.),
now running for reelection to
the U. S. , Senate, as "one man
who stands for principle." She
also commended his lack of fear
in his stand on national and in
ternational issues.
Immediately following her ad
dress, she answered i written
question submitted by the
audience for about 15 minutes.
Questions covered such issues
as the UNESCO program, farm
surplus, international policy
and advisability of protection
for the new German army.
Mrs." Roosevelt was introduced
by State Sen. Robert D. Holmes,
Astoria, lone Democratic can
didate for governor of Oregon.
(See story on Page 5)
Classes Dismissed at Roosevelt School
When Fire Breaks Out in Basement Room
Fire of undetermined origin
broke out in a basement store
room of Roosevelt Elementary
school early yesterday after
noon, resulting in dismissal of
classes for the rest of the day.
There were no injuries. '
Damage from the blaze was
confined to the storeroom but
smoke filled the basement, the
two main floors and the attic of
the structure.
Janitor Frank Taylor and
Principal John Childers. discov
ered the fire in the multipurpose
room about 1:55 p.m. and Child
ers sounded the school alarm
and called the fire department.
Two 1,000-gallon pumpers and
the aerial ladder truck were dis
patched to the scene.
One of the pumpers wai with
Weather
FORECAST: Contiderable
cloudiness with possibility of
tome light rain tonight and
Wednesday morning. Partial
clearing and cooler Wednes
day afternoon. Low tonight
46. High Wednesday 65.
Temp.
Highest Yesterday 78
Lowest this Morning
Russian Hold
On Satellites
Said Weakening
Dulles Sees Evidence
In Policy Changes
Washington (U.R)--Secretary
of State John Foster Dulles said
today that Russia's hold on her
satellites is beginning to weak
en. Dulles said there is evidence
this is resulting from recent
changes in Soviet policy which
is putting a premium on "Tito
ism." He said some of the
satellites are asking why they
shouldn't , follow Yugoslavia's
Marshal Tito's example of try
ing to set up a national Com
munism. Dulles told a news conference
that Tito felt he should be per
mitted to have a Communist
state devoted to Yugoslavio's
own national interests and not
necessarily be a part of interna
tional , Communism. Stalin in
sisted that Communist nations
be part of the international
Communist movement.
Dulles also said his new con
cept of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization is to make
it a long-range permanent or
ganization to prevent future
Eurepean wars. He refused to
go into detail on his ideas. But
he said he would make some
suggestions at next week's Paris
meeting of the North Atlantic
Treaty Council.' r .
" Dulles unveiled his new con
cept of NATO yesterday in a
New York speech. It calls for
broadening . NATO beyond its
original status as a defense mili
tary alliance. But he did not go
into details in his speech.
Makes Other Points
Dulles alsftjsiade these other
points: - - - - '- -"
Cold War: Dulles said victory
in the cold war is a question of
definition. He said his definition
is that the idea of the cold war is
to eliminate the danger of a
shooting war and look to the
day when the United States and"
Russia are friends. He said it is
now widely iudged that the
Soviet Union is not to be feared.
If Russia is being more tolerant
now and more liberal in its
domestic affairs, Dulles said that
is a great cold war victory.
Asia: In Asia there is still
considerable danger j because
Red China is not keeping pace
with Moscow's new policy of
non-violence. -
Soviet Missile: It-is no secret
the Russians have been working
on the kind of guided missile
Russian Party .Boss Nikita
Khrushchev boasted of yesterday
in Birmingham, England. But
Dulles said the Soviet radio re
ported that Khrushchev said
only "I also think that we are
not behind in the development
of guided missiles."
Richardson Quits
Race for Treasurer
Salem (U.R) Al Richard
son, candidate for the Democrat
ic nomination as state treasurer,
withdrew from the race today
leaving Wiley Smith, Multno
mah county assessor, as the only
Democratic candidate.
Richardson said business ac
tivities did not give him enough
time to campaign. He. recently
took over operation of Etzel's
restaurant after, resigning as
food manager at the Oregon
state prison.
Shortly after resigning his in
stitution job, Richardson launch
ed charges of graft and corrup
tion in state institutions.
in one block of the school ex
tinguishing a trash fire at the
time. Capt. Dale Davis, who was
with the truck, reported that
students were out of the building
and were a safe distance from it
in short order. He termed the
evacuation an "excellent" one.
Childers said that the fire ap
parently broke out within a 10
minute period. Al Mercer, a jan
itor, who signed off work at 1:45
p.m. told the principal that he
had seen no fire. Taylor and
Childers spotted the flames with
in a few seconds of each other.
The principal stated that when
he opened the door to the store
room, the fire was too hot to
fight with a hand extinguisher.
The ; fire scorched the store
loom and damaged a misceUane
Bid for Lifting
Strategic Goods
Ban Turned Down
Attitude Affronts
Socialist Leaders
London : (U.R) The Russian
leaders' visit to Britain turned
sour today. They failed to dent
Prime Minister Sir Anthony Ed
en's determination to stand by
his United States and NATO al
lies in their refusal to ship stra
tegic goods to Communist na
tions. And what popularity they had
gained with the British people
evaporated with Communist
Party Leader Nikita Khrush
chev's remark that Russia soon
would have a guided missile
with hydrogen warhead capable
of striking anywhere in the
world.
Affronted by Attitude
Socialist leaders, too, were af
fronted by the attitude of Khru
shchev and Russia Premier Nik
olai Bulganin.
The Socialists made a plea
for mercy for 200 Social Dem
ocrats who they said were in
Communist prisons. Khrushchev
refused even to look at a list
of names offered to him at a
labor party banquet last night.
Then, bluntly and angrily he
refused to have anything fur
ther to do with the discussion.
This mood carried over into
another "little summit" meet
ing with Eden and other govern
ment leaders at No. 10 Down
ing st. this morning. At its end,
a communique was issued say
ing only it was held and that
more talks would follow.
Demand Said Made
Informed sources said the
Russians demanded lifting the
ban on strategic goods at today's
conference. But Eden replied
that Britain would take no such
action oh ' her own.
The sources said Eden did
stress the possibility of greatly
expanded Anglo-Soviet trade
without lifting the strategic ban.
He also told the Russians that
relaxation of international ten
sion would mean the embargo
would no longer be necessary
v ihe soviet press hinted only
yesterday that relaxation of "the
strategic embargo might be the
Soviet Union's price for agree
ing to disarmament.
Today's talk was the 'next-to-last
between Eden and the Rus
sians and British sources regard
ed the crucial "little summit"
talks, as.Ja now-or-never chance
to" win agreement with theltop
Soviet leaders.
Equalization Board
Examines Tax Ratio
The county board of equaliza
tion Monday examined the 30
per cent tax ratio study prepared
by the county assessor as re
quired by Oregon law.
The ratio study for tax pur
poses is a report including" data,
calculations and analyses neces
sary to determine the percent
age relation between the total
assessed value and the total sell
ing price of any category or class
of property in the county or all
the property in any specified
area.
The ratio study report con
tains all bonafide sales for each
category of property that occur
red between Jan. 1 and Dec. 31
of the previous calendar year.
Assessed values used in the re
port were on the assessment roll
for the same calendar year.
According to Oregon law, all
property within a county must
be assessed at the same ratio of
true cash value which under
normal conditions is figured as
80? of market value.
The posted ratio of assessed
value to true cash value for real
property determined by the as
sessor and accepted by the board
of equalization for 1956 is 30,
according to Mrs. Bereth Hop
kins, county clerk.
ous supply shelf and old stage
scenery inwhich the blaze was
thought to have originated.
Electrical conduits running
through the room were dam
aged, cutting off some of the
power supply in the building.
Children were called back
into the building as soon as the
fire was out but Childers dis
missed the students and teachers
until this morning.
The principal said that the
room was being watched to
ascertain that fire did not break
out again. He said that investi
gation was continuing. Trow
bridge and Flynn Electrical com
pany repairmen were on the
scene yesterday shortly after the
lire.
Administration of
Police Department
Defended by Chief
Chief of Police Charles
Champlin today strongly de
fended his administration of the
Medford police department,
which has been under criticism
in recent days.
He was seconded by Mayor
Earl Miller, who said he is con
vinced that the department is
clean, honest, and doing the best
posible job it can under the cir
cumstances. To his knowledge,
he said, there is nothing of which
the city need be ashamed or apol
ogize for.
The chief late yesterday com
pleted a report to the mayor in
answer to allegations by an un
named officer or officers, printed
in a weekly paper published at
Rogue River. 1
Combination Story
"The story is a combination of
misstatements, half-truths and in
nuendoes, with just enough truth
Railroad President
Declines to Attend
SP Hearing Here
Donald J. Russell, president
of the Southern Pacific railroad,
has declined an invitation to at
tend Thursday's hearing on SP
passenger service in this area,
he said Monday.
In a telegram, Russell said:
"Regret that absence in east will
preclude my attendance at hear
ing April 26, but Southern Pa
cifie- will be represented by re
sponsible officers."
Russell was invited to attend
by John Pletsch, chairman of a
committee which is endeavoring
to obtain widespread, represen
tative attendance at the hearing,
which will start at 10 a.m.
Thursday in the federal court
.roornfo the; Medford gost office.
Jfmii'ar hearing is under way
lif'RoseBurg today.
Concerted Campaign
A- concerted campaign was un
der way today by Pletsch's com
mittee to notify all residents of
the area to attend the hearing,
and to speak in regard to the
railroad's abandonment, of pas
senger service on the line be
tweenEugene and Ashland.
the Tudor Guild of Ashland
was undertaking a telephone
campaign designed to reach each
Ashland resident and tell them
of the hearing. Other forms of
personal contacts are also being
used, as well as reminders
through organizations, on radio
and TV. and in the press.
;f Southern- Pacific took off its
last passenger train in this area
last year It was ordered to re
sume service by the state public
utilities commissioner, but re
fused to do so prior to a hear
ing. The hearings in Roseburg
and Medford this week were
called by the PUC as a result.
Roseburg (U.R) Spokes
men for Umpqua basin towns
described to the Oregon Public
Utilities commission here today
the hardships they suffered
since Southern Pacific railroad
halted passenger service to
southwest Oregon last year.
R. B. Harriman of Dillard,
president of the Oregon Gaso
line Dealers association told
hearing officer Clifford W. Fer
guson that uses were not an ade
quate substitute for passenger
train service. He said areas such
as Dillard-Winston south of
Roseburg . were not served by
buses at all and were hard hit
by loss of passenger trains. But
he suggested that trains be plac
ed on a daylight schedule for
maximum benefit' to the area.
The PUC hearing on the with
drawal of SP service opened
here this morning before a pack
ed room. On hand were State
Sens. Phil .Lowry of Medford
and Paul Geddes of Roseburg,
who, together with State Sen.
Gene Brown of Grants Pass,
filed 'the original complaint
against Southern- Pacific's ac
tion last July.
Deaffierage Appointed
To Head Shaw Campaign
William V. Deatherage, Med
ford attorney, has been, appoint
ed chairman of the Jackson
county Shaw for Congress Com
mittee according to David C.
Shaw, Democratic candidate for
congress.
Other county officers include
Mrs. Marie Bosworth, Medford,
vice chairman; Mrs. Priscilla
Deatherage, Medford, secretary
treasurer; Clyde Fichtner, Med
ford, Mrs. Charles Crary, Med
ford; Larry Sheehan, Rogue Riv
er; Al Miller, Ashland; and Al
bert Strauu, Gold Hill.
to make it sound damaging," the
chief said. "Of course the de
partment has had its difficulties.
and its differences. What organ
ization doesn't?
"But," he continued, "the net
impression of the story, that the
department is 'in revolt,' that
there is wholesale ticket-fixing
and other illegal and reprehensi
ble activities, is totally untrue.
We have nothing to hide. If the
author of the article had taken
the trouble to lift the telephone
and call me, I could have given
him the facts of the matter."
Records Open
The chief emphasized that the
records of the department are
open at all times to any newspa
per reporter, and during his ad
ministration there has never
been an attempt to cover up any
thing. In his report to the mayor,
which runs to seven single
spaced pages, the chief replied
in detail to each allegation made
in the article. He states that one
case of ticket "fixing" was un
cevered several weeks ago, and
the officer guilty of .the offense
was disciplined. Further investi
gation has been conducted to
see if there were other instances.
So far, none has turned up.
With reference to the state
ment that city councilmen are
"untouchable," the chief laughed
and stated that's the first that he,
and members of the council,
have heard of it. A number of
tht' council members have re
ceived traffic or parking cita
tions, and have paid the penalty
with no complaint, he stated.
Chief Champlin declared that
there are a number of adminis
trative problems in the depart
ment which must be solved by
amended ordinances, among
them a system of numbered
tickets which he has long advo
cated and asked to be enacted. ,
Suggestions for Changes
The. newspaper article he an
swered in his report to the mayor
quoted a-letteTT?resented to him.
by a group -of -officers recently,
with suggestions for changes in
the department. .
"Several of the suggestions
are good ones," he said, "and
would definitely aid in the ad
ministration of the department.
But they are actions which can
not be taken by the department
alone. They will require action
by other agencies of the city,"
the chief explained. .
He added that one of the prin
cipal requests, that the traffic
code be modernized, has been
planned for a long time, and that
another, the employment of a
full-time city attorney, is pro
vided for in the 1956-57 budget.
"I take full responsibility for
the administration of the police
department," the chief conclud
ed. "I have operated it to the
best of my ability. The record
is open to anyone wishing to in
spect it. I have nothing to hide,
and nothing of which to be
ashamed. These unfounded
charges apparently come from a
very few members of the de
partment who disagree with my
policies. But as long as I am
chief, with full responsibility for
the department, I shall continue
to operate it. the way I feel is
best and right. If unsubstanti
ated newspaper criticism, quot
ing anonymous dissidents, is the
penalty, I must accept that, too."
; The chief's report to the mayor
will be published in tomorrow's
Mail Tribune.
New Affidavit Filed
In Morse's Politics
Salem (U.R) A fifth affidavit
declaring Sen. Wayne Morse to
be a Republican and not a Dem
ocrat was filed in Marion Coun
ty Circuit Court here yesterday
by Woody Smith of Hood River.
Both men seek the Demo
cratic nomination for the U. S.
Senate. '
Four of Smith's affidavits
were filed here and one in Lane
county. The Lane county filing
resulted in an order that Morse
appear in Eugene April .30 to
defend his Democratic standing.
Smith's latest affidavit is di
rected at Gov. Elmo Smith and
Secretary of State Earl T. New
bry, asking why they did not
capcel Morse's registration and
declaration of party nomination.
County Court Decides ,
To Buy Truck-Crane
The Jackson county court this
morning agreed to purchase a
15-ton Koering mobile truck
crane with General Motors die
sel power unit from Columbia
Equipment company.
Net cost of the truck-crane is
$20,329, the court said. Colum
bia's bid was among nice opened
April 11.