10
FOUR MEDCD (OMGO!)
Everybody tn Southern Oregon
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Medford Oregon, under Act of
March 3. 1897
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Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20. ZO and
iO years ago.
3
10 YEARS &GO
Dec 29, 1945
q (It was Saturday)
United Nations organization
interim site c om m i 1 1 e e an-
nounces that permanent head
quarters will be in either New
York or Boston areas.
From Arthur Perry's Ye
Smudge Pot column: Dick Ap
plegate is now a sports feature
writer in the south. He started
his scribbling career on this
sheet, in those days he couldn't
say "Shucks" in less than 20,000
words.
20 YEARS AGO
Dec. 29. 1935
(It was Sunday
0.. Horner named worship
ful master of Medford lodge 103,
AF and AM.
o
Seven CCC camps in Medford
area will disband in next two
weeks, will be replaced by five
from mid-west.
30 YEARS AGO
Dec. 29, 1925
Fred Scheffel elected com
mander of the Medford Amer
ican Legion post.
From Local and Personal col
umn: Steelhead fish are running
19 some extent in Rogue River,
said W. R. Coleman, state master
of fish screens, today, and make
fising quite interesting at this
time of the year.
40 YEARS AGO
Dec. 23. 1915
George A. Briscoe, principal
of Ashland High school, elected
vice president of new Oregon
State Teachers association at
meeting here.
From Local and Personal col
umn: The "face of nature" was
white this morning with the first
snow that has fallen so far this
season and pretended to remain
a spell to" delight the school chil
dren, who don't see much of that
kind of opportunity for merri
ment in this valley.
513
m wo
What's the Answer?
Can You Gel 4 of the 7?
Copr. 1955. Editorial Research Report
1. If you buy a fifth of cham
pagne for New Year's Eve, $0.55,
SI. 55 or $2.55 of what you pay
goes for domestic federal excise
tax?
2. Speaker of the House Sam
Rayburn has come out for or
against a big income tax cut
next year, or says let's wait and
see?
3. Total church membership
in the U.S. recently has been
steadily falling, steadily rising,
or staying about the sime?
. 4. Which of these states has
most private motor cars: Calif
ornia, Illinois, Michigan, New
York or Texas?
d. Th state of Israel is or
isn't a member of the Unitsd Na
tions? 6. Dentists in the U.S. have an
average net income of about
$5000, $8000, 511,000, 814,000
or $17,000 a year?
7. Which one prtsident of this
century so far livsd to be over
80?
The Answers: 1. 0.55. 2. Says
let's wait and see. 3. Steadily
rising. 4. Califorra. 5. Is. 6.
About $11.000,, 7. Herbert
.'. Hoover.
Washington XU.R) The Na
tional Coal Association has
urged the Interstate Commerce
q Commission to turn down an ap
plication by the railroads for
speedy approval of a 7 per cent
hike inofreight rates.
MAIL TRIBUNE
Did FDR Start Jap War?
The verdict of history is traditionally assumed to
be accurate and just
This is usually true, no doubt, although opinions
of historians are not judgments from on Highland
being human historians are just as subject to error
as other humans. But all
tdrians agree upon regarding events in periods of
the past, endure and undoubtedly are generally ac
cepted by literate mankind.
THEREFORE probably
circulated throughout
too seriously, because of
some of these judgments
. For example : it has been brought to our attention
that quite a sizeable school of thought in both the
U.S. Army and Navy maintain that there was no
negligence at Pearl Harbor on the part of the naval
and military commanders there. The only negligence
was in the White House, where President Franklin
Roosevelt turned a deaf ear to all warnings of a
Japanese attack, not because he thought there would
be none, but because he wanted one, wanted war
with Japan as the aggressor and thought that render
ing Honolulu a "sitting" duck to his navy, would be
the best, and safest way to get it!
IT WOULD be difficult to think of anything more
fantastically absurd, untrue and shamelessly libel
lous than that, yet there are, we are informed, certain
(Ip.-nprals and Admirals in the TT.S. forces, most of
them, now retired who
views and now and then
TmatHnp. what the historical verdict would be re-
o-arrHno- t.hp war with Janan and its eenesis. if these
C5 " " X
gentlemen were to exert
otherwise, strong miluence upon tne Historians 01
the next generation!.
THIS, , we grant, is an extreme case of the destruc
tive effect of political bias, personal animus and
hatred, upon the judgment of a man and events, by
those who lived through them, took part in them,
and should know better.
"Mnrenver that siirh statements COULD be made
by sane and responsible citizens, in the service of
their rrmntrv or not. anvwhere or anvtime does eive
one pause and arouse certain fears regarding the
infiomp.nts of thp. American Deonle and the
course they may take, when such a diabolical dis
tortion of the facts is allowed to gam neaaway, ana
there is apparently no outburst of an outraged and
- i i mTTnn f T ITT T
aroused public opinion against utiiw. it.vv.rv.
How About Korea?
Speaking of the verdict of history one wonders
if that verdict will place the blame for the Korean
war, not upon Soviet Russia but upon former Secre
tary of State JDean Acheson?
According to Republican orators in the last cam
paignand it may be true in the coming one North
"Km-pa would have never attacked South Korea if the
then Secretary of State
that the United States did not regard Korea as a vital
point in its program of Far Eastern defense.
The claim was made that this pronouncement
added up to giving Russia the "green light," as far
as the conquest of all Korea by the Communists was
concerned, and had this statement NOT been
made there would have been no attempt to take
over all Korea and therefore no war, with the un
avoidable sacrifices in blood and treasure.
XE GRANT a case can be made against the Tru
man administration and its Secretary of State
on this basis, as far as contemporary politics is con
cerned, but we are not so sure about the verdict of
history.
Taking that reference to Korea out of context
might have led the Kremlin to believe that if an
attack were ordered on South Korea the United
States would not aid in the defense of that country
by force.
But it is hard to believe that the Kremlin, smart
as it is, did not read the full statement. And if this
was the case, then it would have been reasonably
clear to Russia that under the circumstances existing
at the time the pronouncement made was far from
being a commitment of "hands off" in case of attack
on Korea by the Communists. Secretary Acheson was
merely stating the truth about U.S. policy not to invite
war but to prevent it. He pointed particularly to the
fact that the expressed fears of North Korea that the
U.S.A. would aid South Korea to unite the country
by force were utterly groundless, that as General
Bradley remarke dlater to fight a war in Korea then
would be to fight a war in the wrong place, at the
wrong time and against the wrong enemy.
IN OTHER words the point that Secretary Acheson
stressed was that America had no aggressive inten
tion regarding South Korea whatever, that Korea as
a whole was not a vital factor in its area of U.S. de
fense in the Far East, and the implication throughout
was clear, that if Soviet Russia would withdraw from
Korea and stay out, the United States would gladly
do the same.
Unless Soviet Russia believed the time had come
to take over South Korea, and regarded American
aid to South Korea by the U.S.A. in case of such an
attack as a remote and calculated risk, it is difficult
to believe that this one item taken out of context in
the Acheson statement, would have changed her
mind, and thus altered the Kremlin policy entirely
and changed the course of history. R.W.R.
i.
Thursday, December 29, I95S
in all what reputable his-
statements, recently being
the land should not be taken
the fear history may accept
as sound and reliable.
seriouslv entertain such
express them.
O '
through their memoirs or
had not declared officially
Fear of 'Prussianization' of
West German Army Expressed
By CHARLES M. McCANN
United Press Correspondent
It looks as if it may prove
pretty difficult to keep the new
West Germany army from be
coming an old
f a shioned
Prussian
military
machine.
It has been
only seven
weeks since
the first 101
men of the pro
posed 500,000
man S t r e i t-
kraefte fight-
Charles Alri ano ing IOTCe
took the oath of loyalty.
But already a fight is brewing
over the question of its control.
The issue is whether the Streit
kraef te shall remain, as planned,
under the strictest civilian au
thority. The alternative is to risk the
development in West Germany
of a militaristic, spirit like that
which, under the Kaiser and the
Nazis, caused two world wars.
Top Man Suspect
btrangeiy enough, the man
who was regarded as the chief
guarantee of a democratic army
is now suspected of coming un
der militaristic influence.
He is Theodor Blank, Chancel
lor Konrad Adenauer's defense
minister. Blank is a former labor
leader, with an excellent record
as an anti-Nazi. He spent six
years in Adolf Hitler's army and
didn't like it.
When it was decided to rearm
Germany four years ago, Blank
was named defense commission
er. He was regarded as an abso
lutely safe man from the demo
cratic viewpoint. He became defense-minister
last summer.
The law under which the West
German army is being formed
provides that all candidates for
commissions as colonel or gen
eral shall be screened secretly
by a 38-man committee. This
committee can reject any appli
cant without .even giving its
reason.
Four Rejected
Now it has rejected four men
whom Blank personally had se
lected as among his closest asso
ciates in the defense ministry.
Two' of them are former general
staff colonels.
Blank got' angry. He disclosed
the committee's action himself.
McKay Tells Desire
To Stop Traveling
Salem (U.R) Secretary of In
terior Douglas McKay says that
when.his current term as secre
tary of interior is over he wants
to "stop traveling."
McKay- addressing the Ki-
wanis club here yesterday, said
he had more than 70,000 miles
of air travel in 1954 and that
the total would be greater vthis
year.
McKay said with a grin that
if he were in the Army again
he would rather be a private
than a commissioned officer.
"When a man lets them start
promoting him his troubles be
gin," he said.
Explorer of 1673
Figures in Utility Case
Madison, Wis. U.R) Pere
Jacques Marquette, the French
explorer who toured the Mid
west almost 300 years ago, was
a central figure in a utilities
case today.
An attorney for the Wiscon
sin Power and Light Co., argu
ing before the Public Service
Commission, cited Marquette's
journal of 1673 as evidence that
the Wisconsin river has been
shifting for quite a long time.
Father Marquette wrote: "The
river on which we embarked is
called 'Miskonsing.' It is very
broad, with a sandy bottom
forming many shallows, which
render navigation difficult."
Editorial Comment
MERCY FLIGHTS
The value of Mercy Flights
has been demonstrated time and
time again, but it is always
brought home with - singular
force when emergency condi
tions prevail.
Last week Gold Beach, on the
coast, was isolated and an 11-day-old
girl required immediate
hospitalization. Mercy Flights in
Medford was notified and dis
patched one of its new twin
engined Beechcraft ambulances.
The landing strip at Gold
Beach was soggy from pounding
by rain and covered with silt.
Pilot George Milligan reported
that the trip was uneventful, ex
cept that the plane skidded on
the muddy strip and was
brought to a stop just a hundred
feet short of the runway.
The take off was uneventful
and less than an hour after she
left Gold Beach, the sick infant
was in a Eugene hospital to
undergo emergency surgery.
Mercy Flights, the non-profit
air ambulance service started
six years ago, has now made
more than 430 flights and has
been responsible, we are confi
dent, for the saving of a num
ber of lives.
Ashland Daily Tidings
It developed that there are
two groups in the defense min
istry. One of them is determined to
fight against the possibility of
Prussianization of the new army.
The other is more concerned
with raising an army that will
be efficient. It takes the view,
apparently, that an army is
In The Day's
By FRANK JENKINS
As these words are written,
the final grim total for the 1955
Christmas holiday week-end has
just .come in. From 6 p.m. Fri
day to midnight Monday, 599
persons died in agony on our
highways.
That is an all-time record, ex
ceeding by 43 the previous tragic
figure of 553 established in 1952.
QEEKING to minimize the hor-
ror of it, someone may ask:
How does that compare with
the normal, everday average of
traffic deaths on our highways?
I DON'T have at hand .the nor
mal Svprafp vwr . arnnnH
total. But we do have available
an EVEN MORE interesting fig
ure. December 1 of this year
was set apart as SAFE DRIVING
day. On that day, everyone in
America was asked to exercise
more than ordinary caution.
The purpose was to see if by
the exercise of more than ordin
ary caution the total of traffic
deaths could be cut down.
Safe Driving Day covered a
period of 24 hours. In that 24
hours 69 persons died in traffic
crashes an average of 2.9 per
sons per hour.
rriHERE are CONDITIONS, .of
course, that must be taken
into consideration.
In holiday periods, there are
more cars on the road. The more
cars on the road, the greater the
hazard.
It is a gruesome fact that each
year more people die in traffic
crashes on our highways than
died the year before. But again
we must take CONDITIONS into
our thinking. Each year we have
more miles of road. Each year
there are more cars on the roads.
The more cars, the greater the
risk.
TUT STILL
This moral seems to be
plain:
The habits of caution that are
necessary to cope with the grow
ing congestion on our highways
have not yet been developed.
Our minds haven't become con
ditioned to the new dangers that
face us.
fFiHAT leads to this conclusion
On our modern highways,
congested with fast-moving traf
fic, eternal vigilance is the price
of safety. ,
TT ISN'T a new situation. Our
A pioneer forefathers faced it.
Back in the early days on the
frontier the Indians were an
ever-present menace, calling for
rigid techniques of caution.
Those who learned these tech
niques stayed, alive and kept
their hair. Those who didn't
learn lost their lives or their
hair or both. The situation is
getting just that grim on our
highways.
rpHE TRAGEDY of our high
ways, of course, is that the
reckless driver (who refuses to
use the necessary degree of cau
tion and skill in his driving) en
dangers the GOOD drivers, as
well as himself and his passen
gers. But
The sentry who went to sleep at
his post in time of uprising on
the frontier endangered the
lives of everyone in the village.
Vigilance on the part of all, then
as now, was the price of reason
able safety for all.
WHAT of the long future?
Well, there is HOPE.
On my way to work, I pass a
school. I'm continually impressed
by the way mere tots pause at
intersections and look both ways
before starting across. The ex
ceptions to this rule of caution
are few indeed on the part of
these little ones. They have been
EBY'S
BOOK & BIBLE HOUSE
230 South Central
Christmas
Cards
Now Just
SCRIPTURED
DESK
CALENDARS
essentially a military organiza
tion and doesn't need too much
civilian control. That, of course,
Is the Prussian viewpoint.
The fact is that Blank is now
being accused of siding with the
"traditionalist" element, the mil
itaristic element, - shows how
strong the military appeal is to
Germans.
News
well taught at home and at
school.
That is to say:
TLfiir minds are being condi
tioned adequately to the hazards
of T: lodern life.' When they grow
up and begin to drive cars, I
think they may drive more carefully.
'Serious Reappraisal1
Of Foreign Aid Seen
Washington ,(U.R) Sen.
Walter F. George (D-Ga.), said
today he thinks Congress must
make a "serious reappraisal" of
the foreign aid program next
year.
George is chairman of the
Senate Foreign, Relations com
mittee, which handles foreign
aid legislation and would handle
any such reappraisal insofar as
the Senate is concerned.
Sentiment Said Growing
Returning to Washington for
the 1956 session of Congress,
George told reporters that "sen
timent has been growing in Con
gress that economic aid should
be trimmed 'way down' ."
The administration recently
announced that foreign aid
spending for the fiscal year be
ginning next July 1 will increase
by about $200,000,000 above
the $4,200,000,000 estimated for
Northern Plains
Again Feel Sting
Of ColdSnow
By UNITED PRESS
A new cold wave raced across
the northern plains today,
threatening near blizzards in
Kansas and Nebraska.
The storm blew out of Canada,
routed shirtsleeve weather in
Colorado, and caused two deaths
on icy highways. Snow over
spread the upper Great Lakes
region today and temperatures
dropped as much as 46 degrees.
Bulletins Warn
Special weather bulletins
warned of falling temperatures
and drifting and blinding snow
creating near blizzard conditions
in northern and western Nebras
ka and northwest and north cen
tral Kansas.
The storm should reach its
peak in the two states today and
tonight, the forecasters said. Mo-
torists elsewhere in the Midwest
were warned : of .. treacherovty
glazed highways."
Meanhile, the new winter
storm knifed into Colorado and
Wyoming Wednesday and was
blamed for traffic deaths in each
of the states.
Snow and Fog
Wyoming got one to eight
inches of snow and heavy fog
temporarily stranded 300 cars.
There was up to a foot of snow
in the high mountain passes and
one to four inches of snow in
southwest Colorado.
Minnesota measured up to
three inches of snow and high
way crews were called out to
sand curves, hills, and inter
sections. Cold in New England
The cold .wave routed mild
holiday temperatures, sending
the temperature skidding from
41 degrees to five below at Mi-
not, N.D. It was 11 below at
Grand Forks, N.D., today and a
scant one above at Pierre, S.D.
New England also had plenty
of cold weather, with the ther
mometer hitting nine below at
Rumf ord, Me. The sub-freezing
weather stretched as far south
as North Carolina, where the
mercury registered 23 degrees at
Greensboro early today.
Phone 2-5850
i
PRICE
l.r !"
Jury Eavesdropping
Brings New
To U.S. Trial System.
By MARTIM PACKMAJT
Washington, D. C. A promise
of administration support, at the
coming session of Congress, for
legislation to outlaw eavesdrop
ping on deliberations of trial
juries has again directed public
attention to the workings of the
jury system. President Eisen
hower's endorsement, last Oct.
2i, of a Justice Department plan
to ' bar listening in on jury dis
cussions climaxed the reaction
to public disclosure that Uni
versity of Chicago researchers,
studying the jury system, had
used tapping devices to make
recordings of federal jury ses
sions at Wichita, Kan.
Attorney General BrowneU
the current year. It also an
nounced that Congress will be
asked to appropriate $4,900,000,
000 in new foreign aid funds,
most of which wiU be spent in
future years. That compares
with only $2,700,000,000 voted
by Congress this year.
Telephone Explanations
George's first reaction last
week to the proposed large in
crease in appropriations was that
he was convinced that Congress
would not agree. He has since
received telephoned explana
tions of the administration pro
gram from Secretary of State
John Foster Dulles and Budget
Director Rowland R. Hughes.
"I'm inclined to think that
there will have to be a very
serious reappraisal of the whole
thing," George told reporters to
day. .
He said he did not want to
amplify his statement until the
administration has explained its
program to Congress.
North Carolina Girl
Named Maid of Cotton
,Memphis, Term. (U.R) Pat
ricia (Pat) Anne Cowden, s
green-eyed brunette who serves
as a private secretary to a Ral
eigh, N.C., bank executive, was
crowned last night as the 1956
Maid of Cotton.
, The 21-year-old beauty could
only "squeal" and - say "I'm
thrilled to death" when the
judges announced she had beat
en out 22 other contestants from
13 cotton growing states for the
title which she "always want
ed." -
Pat, who stands 5 feet, 7
inches and weighs 125 pounds,
also will realize another long
dream of travel in Europe.
Revis Jordan, Lubbock, Tex.,
was named first alternate and
Minta Curtis, Mission, Tex., was
second alternate by the judges
who based their selections on
"beauty, personality, training
and background" which involves
a cotton family.
Coast Highway
May Be Open Today
Salem (U.R) The Oregon
coast highway was expected to
be opened before noon today,
the State Highway department
said.
But several other routes re
mained closed, including the
Elkton-Sutherlin route, the Cas
cade highway at Park place,
the Corvallis Eastside secondary
road and the Umpqua highway
was closed by slides.
The Coos Bay-Roseburg high
way was closed except to emer
gency traffic and so was the
Power secondary highway.
Chains were required at Gov
ernment camp and Timberl-ine
where snow plows were operat
ing. And chains were advised at
Austin. No new snow was re
ported over night.
I If . .
f
Attention
said the Justice DepartmenPwas
"unequivocally opposed" to jury
tapping "under any conditions
regardless of th purpose." The
Senate Internal Security sub
committee, which held hearings
in mid-October on the tapping
episode, also denounced the re
cording of jury deliberations.
But several lawyers, judges, and
legal scholars defended jury
tapping as an aid to improving
the administration of justice.
Nfeed for Study
lhe legal scholars said there
was great neeff for careful study
of how jurors function in com-,
ing to a decision. The few sur
veys so far made have under
lined the need by indicating that
jury members do not alwavs
understand legal subtleties in
a trial, frequently do not follow
me judge's instructions, and
sometimes do not carry out their
auties as conscientiously as is
popularly supposed.
The sixth and seventh amend
ments to the U. S. Constitution
safeguard the right to trial bv
jury in federal courts, and most
""-- -.vuijuvuuuus iniue similar
provision with respect to trials
in state courts. But the right
to a jury trial may be waived,
and such waivers have' become
increasingly common in some
states in civil cases. Many critics
of the jury system contend that
more extensive waiving of th
right to a jury trial would make
for more exact and more expedi
tious justice.
Criticisms Cited
Criticism of the jury system
usually centers on its alleged
inefficiency and on the alleged
shortcomings of the average
juror. The critics assert that the
system is wasteful of time,
money, and human energy. They
contend, moreover, at today's
problems often are too complex
to be judged by untrained per
sons. "Jurors," Judge Jerome
Frank has written, "are ama
teurs, and adequate judging is
a job for professionals."
Defenders of the jury system,
on the other hand, hail it as the
essence of the democratic proc
ess. A jury verdict, in their
opinion, represents the "common
sense" of the community. "In
the long run," Judge Louis E.
Goodman has said, "it is better
to have truth determined not by
experts but by juries made up
of a cross-section of . . . citizens."
Reform Proposals
Proposals for reform of court
trials range from outright aboli
tion of the jury system to modi
fication of various trial pro
cedures and include steps to bet
ter the calibers of jurors. Im
proving the caliber of jurymen
calls in turn for changes in the
methods of selecting them. Many
legal authorities have advised'
wider use of paid jury commis
sioners to select prospective jur
ors by means of examinations
and interviews.
Restoration to judges of pow
ers which they used to enjoy
under the common law has been
strongly recommended. It is as
serted that constitutional and
statutory limitations on judicial
functions, which reflect distrust
of royalist judges by the colon
ists, are no longer justified. Al
lowing the trial judge to com- ,
ment on the evidence has been
urged especially; only one-fourth
of the states now permit that
practice. More extensive use of
so-called special verdicts, in
which the jury determines the
facts by answering written ques
tions submitted by the judge,
also has been proposed.
New Chamber Officers
To Meet Tomorrow '
The newly-elected officers of
the Jackson County Chamber of
Commerce will meet at 9 a.m.
tomorrow in the chamber office
to discuss and outline programs
and policies for the coming year.
Otto Ewaldsen, president
elect, will be in charge of the
meeting which will also be at
tended by ' Vice-President-Elect ,
Bob Root and Treasurer-Elect
Clarence Young.
FUNERAL EXPENSE
INSURANCE
When th inevitable comet to you, someone
probably someone near and dear is goingsjto be
obligated for funeral and cemetery expenses.
You can show your thoughtfulness and lovt
by taking out an insurance policy of your own.
Even a small policy of $500 or $1,000, taken
out for funeral expenses, eliminates the burden
of a need for immediate cash.
Consult the insurance agent of your ohoictjg.
now!
CHAPEL MORTUARY
Across from the Courthouse
Frank Morgan Harold Snodgrass
FUNERAL DIRECTORS
O
1