0
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O
Matter of Fact b.
Stewart Alsep
Stwarl Alaop
THE KREMLIN'S ACE
Belgrade II you want to see
how dangerous the new Soviet
policy of sweet reason can be
to the West,
this is the
place to come.
In the good
old days of Jo
sef Stalin
Yugo s 1 a v i a
was, in every
practical
s e n c e,
staunch ally
of the United
States. This
was not be
cause the Yugoslavs loved us.
When the Soviets were daily
threatening the "Fascist beast
Tito," the Yugoslav dictator led
the country into an alliance with
the West because there was
nothing else he could do.
Consider the difference now,
Yugoslav is not now an ally of
the Soviet Union. But Yugosla
via is most definitely no longer
an ally of the United States
either. An East-West contest has
bjm joined here, in which the
new Soviet rulers hold some
verv hiah cards indeed. When
Messrs. Khrushchev and Bui
ganin came here a few weeks
ago, they were much laughed at
in America as ridiculous char
acters in baggy pants. But the
ridiculous characters in baggy
pants have already succeeded in
pulling Belgrade much nearer
to Moscow, and much further
from Washington than at any
time in the last seven years.
This is not to suggest that
Yugoslavia is about to become
again a satellite of the Soviet
Union. On the contrary, the
Yugoslavs will fight rather than
knuckle under to the Kremlin
On this one point, the disputa
tious Yugoslavs, from Marshal
Tito down to the ragged drivers
of the incredibly decrepit Bel
grade taxis, are all absolutely in
accord.
, Nor does it mean that . Yugo
slavia is at all. likely formally
to rejoin the Eastern bloc- The
Yugoslav leaders are anything
but fools, and there would be
nothing for them to gain and a
great deal to lose in a formal
alliance with the Soviets.
The real danger is different.
The real danger is that Yugosla
via will become, not a formal
member of Ahe Eastern bloc, but
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a kind of fellow-traveller of the
East sometimes criticizing So
viet policy, but generally sup
porting the Soviets and running
interference for them.
ri THIS capacity Yugoslavia
could be a great deal more
useful to the J.remlin tnan in
the old satellite status, iu tne
end of estabiisning just this sore
of relationship wuh Yugoslavia,
the ridiculous characters in
baggy pants have been piaying
their cards carefully and well.
The opening play, of course,
was the visit to Belgrade. Since
then, there have been all sorts
of ' exchanges of missions and
protestations of mutual regard.
But the Kremlin's ace of spades
was the economic deal which
Yugoslav economic czar Vukma
novic proudly brought back
from Moscow a few days ago.
The real significance of this
deal can only be understood
against the background of Yugo
slavia's economic situation.
When Stalin slapped the econo
mic blockade on Yugoslavia
after the break, Tito desperately
borrowed money from the West
on any terms he tould get. He
now owes money to most of the
countries in Western Europe,
and most of the debts come due
next Dec. 31. 1
The sums involved are not
huge the total comes to around
$130,000,000. But Yugoslavia's
economic situation is still just
short of desperate, and Tito's
"capitalist-minded" creditors
to use Tito's -own phrase are
pressing for their money. In this
situation the Soviets who of
course caused Yugoslavia's
worst troubles in the first place
have come dashing to the
rescue.
The Kremlin has the de
served reputation of being
more tight-fisted than an Arme
nian rug dealer. But now the So
viets have cancelled $90,000,
000 in Yugoslav debts, and they
have given Yugoslavia long-term
credits coming to nearly another
$90,000,000. The terms are real
ly generous, which suggests how
far the Russians are willing to
go in their courtship of Tito.
Moreover, there is certainly
still the hankering in the Yugoslav-Communist
bureaucracy to
do things the Russian way. The
hankering is not all ideological,
either. Unquestioned central dic
tation comes far more easily to
Communist bureaucrats than
the relative flexibility and de
centralization which Tito has in
troduced here since the break.
TfUKMANOVIC himself, who
had an unhappy time in
Washington some months ago,
may well be one of the "Rus
sians," as they are known here
the "Russians" are bureau
crats and party men who want.
largely to abandon the West and
to reforce close ties with Russia.
If Yugoslavia defaults to its
Western creditors, amid loud
mutual recriminations, while
the Soviets extend credits on
easy terms, the hands of the
pro-Soviet party bureaucrats
will be immensely strengthened.
As usual in such situations,
American policy seems to be to
is That So?
It's that time of the year
again, the hurricane season.
Although nature may unleash
this most lethal weapon of her
arsenal as early as May or as
late as December, most of the
hurricanes will occur this month
September (32 per cent), with
October (26) and August (21)
running a close second and
third.
In power unleashed, this vast
whirlwind makes even the hy
drogen bomb seem little more
than a puny puff of wind be
cause in a single day a full
fledged hurricane expends
enough energy to drive every
bit of the world's machinery for
three to four years.
Fittingly, everything about a
hurricane is overpowering:
In dimensions, it may swirl
over an area 600 miles wide and
2,000 miles long, embracing 1,
200,000 square miles.
In speed, although its progress
may be limited to 30 miles an
hour, the howling winds within
it may range from 150 to 200
miles an hour, exceeded only
by the internal winds of a short
lived tornado.
In duration, it may last five
days' of furious tempest.
In rainfall, the blinding down
pour accompanying may exceed
an inch an hour. During a blow
in the Philippines, it dumped
4o.99 inches of rain within 24
hours.
Seventy per cent of the
world's hurricanes also called
typhoons and cyclones occur in
tne West Indies and the China
seas and occasionally these may
sweep as far north as Ottawa,
look on languidly, waiting for
disaster to happen before taking
last-minute hugger-mugger ac
tion. Actually it should not be
really difficulty to work out in
advance some sensible American-European
economic policy
toward Yugoslavia, which would
tide Yugoslavia over, which'
would not be very costly and
which would tend to tie the
Yugoslav economy into the
West.
In this case it might even turn
out to be true, as the Yugoslavs
loudly insist, that the new Yugo
slav contact with the Soviets
will ultimately pull Moscow to
ward the West rather than Bel
grade toward the East. But if
things are allowed to drift until
Tito's visit to Moscow some
months from now, it is almost
mathematically predictable that
the ridiculous characters in
baggy pants will have their way,
and Yugoslavia will become an
immensely useful fellow-traveller
of the Eastern bloc.
, Copyright, 1955,
New York Herald Tribune Inc.
I
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By EUGENE BURNS
Ranger-Naturalist
Canada and Hakodate, northern
Japan.
If it were possrole to ride an
airplane high above a hurricane,
it would usually look like a
huge black doughnut, from 250
to 600 miles, across, and turning
(counterclockwise north of the
equator, clockwise, south). The
blackness would be due to the
tremendous circle of thunder
clouds from which lightning
would be flashing, thunder roll
ing and rain falling in prodigi
ous amounts. Yet due to the ter
rifying winds, the rain would be
driven almost horizontal.
As for the inside of the circl
ing doughnut, that would be a
15-mile or so hole an island of
peace within the storm. This so
called "eye" of the hurricane is
often without clouds, without a
trace of rain, and the winds in it
are gentle breezes. While outside
of it, the howling tempest circles
full blast.
Advancing 30 miles an hour)
the quiet "hole" of this tremen
dous whirling doughnut, pro
vides a half-hour truce after
which the raging storm falls
again with unabated fury but
in exactly the opposite direction,
and accompanied by the same
devastating winds, low - flying
clouds, lightning, thunder and
rain.
At sea, unlike on land, this
"hole" is far from a temporary
haven to the sailor here, it is
most dangerous for a ship to live
because seas run up cone-like,
and waves break over the ves
sel from all sides at once.
Every hurricane, of course,
must die either by running too
far from the tropical latitudes
of its birth or by traveling over
uneven ground which hinders
the free flow of the winds and
fails to supply the necessary
moisture to keep the storm
going.
.The most destructive hurri
cane in American annals oc
curred September 21, 1938.
Brewed 1,800 miles east of
Cuba, it roared westward toward
Florida, veered north, charged
along the coast, and then struck
with a fury of 186 miles an hour
the full length of the coast from
New Jersey to Massachusetts,
finally wearing itself out near
Ottawa. Then within 24 hours,
skies cleared, winds gentled to
a whisper but left behind was
utter devastation: 13,898 build
ings destroyed entire forests
Sunday, September 18, 19SS
MEDFORD (OREGON) MJ&. TRIBUNE TVTZ
uprooted, 650 cead.
Is there anything man can do
about a hurricane? Yes, he can
design buildings to withstand
high winds as does the pliant
coconut tree, and he can send
radio-equipped airplanes aloft
to patrol the storm and warn of
its advances. But beyond that,
absolutely nothing. A hurricane
cannot be tamed.
(Released by
McClure Newspaper Syndicate)
(Copyright, 1955,
by Eugene Burns) -
Free: By special arrangement
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