Americans Pile Up
Record Debt During
'55 Second Quarter
Washington U.R) Ameri
can piled up record debts during
the booming second quarter of
1955.
At the same time U.S. produc
tion and income climbed to new
and unexpected peaks.
'The Commerce department re-r-,
ported these twin facts Sunday.
They also underscored com
ments by President Eisenhower
and Commerce Secretary. Sin
clair Weeks over possible soft
ipots in the current unprecedent
ed prosperity.
The department indicated that
Americans may be leaning too
heavily on credit to buy things
they want. It also pointed out
that business may be stacking up
outsized inventories.
The report brought out that
statistics for the second quarter
Great Wall Has
Outlived Purpose,
Communists Say
Hongkong (UP.) The
Communists say that the Great
Wall, one of the architectural
wonders of the world, has' out-
Mvfii its oriainal Durpose. It's
no longer needed against aggres
aion from the north.
The current issue of People's
China said that "bordering
China's northern frontier today
lie the People's Republic of Mon
golia and her great ally, the
Soviet Union," and added:
"But while the Great Wall has
nntlivpH its original nurpose, it
is still looked on by the Chinese
r people as part of their heritage
a wonderful piece 01 arcmteC'
tural, a thing of beauty and an
historical treasure.
The Great Wall is popularly
known as Wan Li Chang Cheng
the 10,000-li wall (a li is about
a third of a mile), but its actual
length has never been calculat
ed accurately. It has been
roughly estimated at 3,000 miles.
It is said to have been started
about 2,500 years ago, in the lat
ter part of the Chou dynasty.
The feudal lords and princes
engaged in constant war against
each other, built walls on their
frontiers to defend their own
territories.
A Description
Then in 221 B.C., the maga-
Tmo saiH Shin Hiians Ti th
first emperor of the state of
Chin, succeeded in defeating all
rivals and creating an empire.
He then ordered up an army of
300,000 workmen to build a con
tinuous wall to defend the north
ern marches of his empir
against nomadic invaders.
It took 10 years to complete
the work. Thus the wall as a
whole has a history of over
2,100 years.-
From then on the Great Wall
was China's strong defense
against attack from the north,
. the magazine said. And since
the wall has been frequently re
paired and extended. The article
said:
"The wall as we know it to
day has an average height of
21 feet, eight inches. It is 21 feet
four inches wide at the base,
sliehtlv tanerine to 18 feet at
tie top. The top of the wall is
rreally a roadway flanked by a
battlement on the far side, and
a low, one-yard-high wall on the
near.
"If we take the length as 3,000
miles, the actual wall, exclusive
of the foundation, must consist
of some 115,000,000 cubic yards
of lime and packed earth, and
close on 38,000,000 cubic yards
of stone and brick."
outdistanced expectations in ma
jor economic categories. They
topped first quarter figures by
sizable margins.
Praises Employment Program
On another economic front,
Labor Secretary James P. Mit
chell praised the "remarkable
growth" of the federal-state em
ployment insurance program.
On the 20th anniversary of the
program's beginning, he said
Sunday that the number of
workers protected and the size
of jobless paychecks have more
than doubled since 1935.
But Mitchell called for cover
age of 12,000,000 persons left
outside the bill. He also said the
average jobless paychecks, de
spite the weekly rise in bene
fits from $10.66 in 1939 to about
S25 now, was not good enough.
He said it amounted to only
about one-third of the average
worker's regular pay, compared
to 41 per cent in 1939.
The nation turned out about 7
per cent more goods and serv
ices in the second quarter of this
year than in the same period of
1954. At the same time, wage
earners received about 5 per
cent more in personal income.
Income Above Expectations
Income climbed to an annual
rate of 5300,500,000,000, some
$200,000,000 above expectations.
This was an increase of $6,900,
000,000 over the rate for the
first three months of 1955. It
compared with a rate of $286,
600,000,000 in second quarter
1954.
The report showed that taxes
on personal income amounted to
about $33,400,000,000 at annual
rates, a rise of about $800,000,
000 from the first quarter. This
left some $167,100,000,000 for
spending or saving. Of that
amount, again at annual rates,
some $250,500,000,000 went for
spending and about $16,600,000,
000 for savings.
Savings increased $1,300,000,
000 over the first quarter rate,
but remained below expecta
tions. The President's Council of
Economic Advisers had expected
personal savings to hit an annual
rate of $17,500,000,000 in the
second quarter.
The April -May -June rise in
spending was largely for food
clothing and services, the report
said. This followed a "sharp"
rise in expenditures for automo
biles, furniture and household
equipment during the preceding
three months.
OVERCOME BY EMOTION, Airman Harry M. Benjamin, Jr.,
Worthington, Minn., kisses ground at Travis Air Force Base,
Cal., as he steps from plane which brought 11 airmen home
after 21$ years of captivity by Chinese Reds. (International)
Scientists Warned on
Dangers of Atomic
Radiation To Humans
Ham Radio Operator
Given Many Awards
Grand Rapids, Mich. (U.R)
Norman MacPhail, Grand Rap
ids "ham" radio operator, has
received awards from British
and French societies for the rec
ord number of fellow "hams" he
has been able to contact in parts
of the world.
MacPhail received the BERTA
award from the Radio Society of
Great Britain for establishing
two-way contact with 50 broad
casting stations in British pos
sessions in North America,
South America, Europe", Africa,
Asia and the south Pacific.
The DUF, diploma for the
Union of France, is issued by the
Reseau des Emitteurs Francais
for working 10 French colonies
on five continents.
MacPhail said he has started
work on five awards from Ar
gentina, Brazil and Canada. The
task is a long one although
a hobby he said, because con
firmation letters are needed and
"I'll bet not more than 75 per
cent of hams send out in writing
what they promise you over
the air."
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Large Goggles 69c 49c
Small Goggles 49c 29c
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Small Mask 89c 59c
Fins, med. fir Ig 2.99 1.99
the TOY HOUSE
317 EAST MAIN
OPEN WEDNESDAY NITE 'TIL 9 P.M.
Geneva (U.R) A top Am
erican scientist warned the At
oms for Peace conference for
the second time today that dang
ers of atomic radiation on the
future of the human race may
be greater than generally sup
posed.
Dr.. William L. Russell, princi
pal geneticist at Oak Ridge,
Tenn., said most of the present
calculations were based on la
boratory tests with fruit flies,
But he said tests with mice
showed hereditary changes at a
rate 15 times higher than in fruit
flies.
He was backed by a British
researcher, T. C. Carter -of the
Medicinal Research Council of
the Atomic Energy Research es
tablishment at Harwell. Carter
called for a ten-year internation
al study program to learn the
effects of the atomic age on mankind.
Nuclear Pioneers Uneasy
The American-inspired atoms
conference which drew leading
scientists from 72 nations went
into its second week with reams
of highly technical papers. But
laymen could see that the nu
clear pioneers were uneasy about
their brainchild.
Dr. Russell, principal geneticist
of the Oak Ridge laboratory's
biology division, read a paper
on the effects of radiation on
mice in the middle of a lively
international controversy on the
possible birth in the future of
freaks and monsters because of
radiation from atom bomb tests.
Russell said the danger came
from so-called mutation chang
es, changes passed on by men
and women to their children.
He noted the great changes in
several generations of mice and
said calculations on human haz
ards may seriously underesti
mate the human damage.
He suggested a partial solu
tion for cases in which a man,
through accidents in atomic stud
ies, receives a considerable ra
diation dose.
GUN HITS TARGET
Birmingham, England (U.R)
A 26-year-old laborer was
fatally injured Saturday night
by a discharging gun he threw
down in disgust after missing a
target 16 times at , a carnival
rifle range. George Larmore
was hit -in the chest by a bullet
and died Sunday.
Court Records
POLICE COURT
Cecil De Valence Moon, violation of
basic rule. $10 bail.
Norris Keith Lehman, violation of
basic rule. $10.
Eldon Gordon Knight, no Oregon
driver's license, $5.
Darwin Duane Morehouse, exces
sive noise. $10.
Donald Dan Webb, excessive noise,
$10.
Joyce Wendell Wickmaw. no Ore
gon driver's license. So bail.
fioya i nomas jeniuns. laiiure to
stop at stop sign. $5 bail.
Henry onand waelty, violation of
basic rule. $10 bail.
Donna Bouslauen. no operator s lic
ense. $5 bail.
Ben Gilbert Neal, excessive noise,
$10 bail.
Ronald Richard Muik, failure to
stop at stop sign, $5 bail.
Jeanette aoKoi. violation of basic
rule. S10 bail.
Raymond Clifford Hayes, failure to
stop at stop sign. $5 bail.
Donald Raymond ureazeaie, exces
sive noise, $10.
He recommended that the in
dividual abstain from procrea
tion for the few weeks required
for the disappearance of sex
germ cells that were irradiated.
Would Reduce Risk . v
But he added that his studies
indicated that although post
ponement of procreation for a
few weeks would reduce the risk
of transmission of mutational
changes, further postponement
would not give any additional
reduction in risk.
Russell said adequate protec
tion against genetic hazards may
require a limitation not only of
the average dose of radiation
received by the population as a
whole but also of the dose, ae
cumulated by individuals.
Carter said most experts agree
that to expose a human popula
tion to a continuous irradiation
would be "very undesireable,'
but that the limit of 25 roentgens
he mentioned is far more than
the world is getting from A'
bomb tests.
Sizes Up io 50
V '
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Ernest Bigham Smith. 26. Central
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