FOTJRTEZW MrarOBD tOREGOW) MAIL TBIBUNK
Wednesday. July 27, 1955
Growing Goodwill Toward America Shown by Average (Russian
Soviet Papers
Sharply Revise
Press Treatment
Editor' Not: The Western world
hailed the Geneva conference results
as a promise of peace ill the cold war.
What was the reaction in Russia it
self? I'nited Press Correspondent
Kenneth Brodney supplies the an
swer in the first authoritative follow
up dispatch from inside the Iron Cur
tain. He report after a tour of Rus
sian provinces that the new .soviet
friendship look appears to reach all
the way down to the Soviet man In
the street. The dispatch was passed
by Soviet censor.
By KENNETH BRODNEY
United Press Correspondent
Moscow U.R The biggest
single result of the Geneva con
ference was the fact that Presi
dent Eisenhower appears to have
convinced the Soviet leaders
that America's intentions are
peaceful.
This has already resulted in
side Russia in the rapid blossom
ing of good will toward America
on the grass roots level.
The official Soviet position
previously was that the Ameri
can "people" were a fine and
peaceful folk but that the "rul
ing circles" led by the "im
perialists and Wall Street mon
opolists" were constantly doing
their utmost to "unleash a new
war" as the only means of pre
serving crumbling capitalism.
Now that appears to have
changed. The "monopolists . . -imperialists
. . . and militarists"
will continue to be attacked.
but the top Soviet leaders ap
parently have decided the Amer
ican ruling circles as well as
the people are sincerely seeking
; peace.
Better Press Treatment
Hints of the new attitude be
gan to appear publicly even be
' fore Geneva with sharply re
vised press treatment of official
American statements, particular
ly Mr. Eisenhower's press con
ference remarks. The usual "al
legeds" and other devices to cast
suspicion on his statements were
omitted.
Tuesday Moscow Radio in an
unusual but not unprecedented
move broadcast in full the text
of the President's Monday night
television speech including such
uncomplimentary references as
the "regimentation" of those un
der Soviet rule.
Pravda, the official Commu
nist Party organ, even found
some of Mr. Eisenhower's state
ments worthy of editorial praise
although it still took exception
to others but it markedly less
bitter language.
Thus even before Geneva,
word was being passed to the
Soviet people that Americans
could again be considered friends
or at least as fellow human be
ings rather than with suspicion
and hostility.
And while all the suspicion is
unlikely to melt away immedi
ately, the result of the new
attitude already has been to re
lease an apparent tremendous
interest in America as well as
a surprisingly large reservoir of
good will toward Americans.
People Warm, Friendly
The process swelled to aston
ishing proportions during and
after Geneva. It was spectacu
larly demonstrated by the recep
tion given 12 American farmers
now touring the Ukraine. Offi
cials are bending over backward
to be cordial and accommodat
ing. But the real surprise has
been the obvious real pleasure
ordinary persons show in seeing
and talking with and welcoming
the Americans.
In village after village, town
after town, city after city, the
arrival of the Americans was
awaited for hours by throngs
thousands strong. As one Amer
ican put it. "The authorities
might be able to get the people
out but they couldn't possibly
put the smiles on their faces
and the shine in their eyes."
The enthusiasm has gone so
far it apparently has even sur
prised the Soviet offiicals, and
led observers to wonder whether
the authorities realized it would
be so extreme. Observers also
wonder what this indicates in
terms of the attitude of the man
in the street to the previous
drumfire of criticism of America
by press and radio.
Ukrainians More Westernized
Perhaps the good will shown
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the Americans in the Ukraine is
not typical of the entire country
since the Ukrainians are the
most Western oriented Soviet
people and possibly remember
American shuttle bombers help
ing fight the Germans and post
war American UNRRA aid.
But two staff members of the
U.S. Embassy who have just re
turned from a visit to the Cauca
sus report they never were
treated with such friendliness
and cordiality and with less re
serve on previous trips through
the Soviet Union.
The literarv world was talk
ing increasingly of the need to
publish transplations of contem
porary non-Communist Ameri
cen literature apart from the
standard approved writers.
Ilya Ehrenburg. one of the
best known Soviet authors and
publicists whose vitriol has fre
quently been turned on Amer
ica, recently told me that a new
magazine of international litera
ture, the first issue of which has
just been published, will soon
start serialization of Ernest
Hemingway's "Old Man and the
Sea" paying royalties.
Talk of Other Exchanges
There was increasing talk of
other exchanges of Soviet and
American delegations similar to
the farmers in cultural and
scientific fields. But it was be
lieved this would be ac
companied by sharp criticism of
the McCarran Act regulations re
quiring fingerprinting visitors to
the United States.
A Soviet woman doctor, talk
ing with three Americans and
the embassy's resident physician
who paid a precedent-shattering
visit to a Soviet hospital to wit
ness the birth of a new Soviet
citizen, expressed a desire to
visit U.S. hospitals.
Another example came during
this reporter's tour of the Uk
raine. Members of Moscow's top
dramatic repertory theater. The
Stanislavsky, on tour in the Uk
raine, said it would be a fine
idea for an American company
to come to Russia. They plied
me with questions about Ameri
can theater life, new 'plays, new
authors, whether Russian play
wrights were ever performed,
and even the prices of theater
tickets.
Influx of Tourists Expected
Already scheduled for early
next month is the visit of four
American Baptist clergymen to
preach as well as travel in the
Soviet. Large groups of Western
European tourists are expected
this summer and perhaps Ameri
can tourists next year.
During the course of centuries
before the Communist state
was formed Russian history
has been a long series of pendulum-like
swings opening up and
shutting tight against the West.
All indications now are that
Russia again is opening up.
One of the keys to the way
the government is now trying
to do business and one of the
signs of the times was contained
in a remark by an unusually
frank Russian when invited to
lunch by an American.
He grinned slowly and said,
"Well, I don't see why not.
There's no Lavrenti Pavlevich
around any more to make
trouble." He meant Lavrenti
Pavlevich Beria, the late liqui
dated and unlamented boss and
symbol of the police.
Flying Beauty Queen
In Race Around World
Paris (U.R) Susan Bryan,
21-year-old "Miss San Francisco
International Airport," left Paris
for Rome today en route to
Tokyo on a race around the
world.
Miss Bryan, who arrived here
earlier from New York by com
mercial plane, is racing Andy
Lerios, San Francisco travel ag
ency executive, , who is flying
around the world the other way.
He left Monday for Honolulu.
The flying beauty queen left
the San Francisco airport yes
terday in hopes of flying around
the world by Saturday.
Russians Buying More
Living Conveniences
London (U.R) Radio Mos
cow said Tuesday night that Rus
sians had bought 50 per cent
more watches, cameras and tele
vision sets in the first half of
this year than in a correspond
ing period last year.
The broadcast heard here said
the Soviet people also bought
more clothing, sewing machines,
furniture, refrigerators and cars.
It added that customers must
wait "several weeks, sometimes
several months" to obtain deliv
ery on new cars.
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Accomplishments at Geneva Meeting Point To Second Term for Ike
By LYLE C. WILSON
United Press Correspondent
Washington (U.R; The small
minority of politicians who
doubt that President Eisenhower
will be a sec
ond term can
didate will
get some sup
port from the
rosy feeling of
optimism
whomped up
by the B i g
Four confer
ence. Secretary of
lyle C. Wilson State John
Foster Dulles was rather pessi
mistic before the summit meet
ing. He told his news conference
Tuesday that the danger of war
has receded .The thought is
echoed from London and Paris,
even Moscow.
The most logical argument
against a second Eisenhower
term has run like this: If world
tensions can be substantially re
lieved and the danger of war put
away for some reasonably as
sured span of years, the Presi
dent could say his contribution
was complete, and step down.
The Bone Crusher
There is cause to believe such
reasoning has passed through
Mr. Eisenhower's mind. There
are opposing arguments, of
course. The bone crusher is that
the Republicans do not as of now
have another candidate with
even a fair chance of beating a
good Democratic candidate.
But, if peace were assured for
some years, the President might
feel that he could turn his back
on the party which plucked him
for the highest honor an Ameri
can citizen may enjoy. That's the
way the argument goes.
It goes along pretty well until
it hits a solid political fact. That
fact is that the ponderous ma
chinery of international rela
tions which began turning in a
new direction at Geneva is not
likely to move very fast.
Appropriation OKd
For Bonneville Lines
Washington '(U.R) The Sen
ate today passed a 52.038,000
supplemental appropriation for
Bonneville Power Administra
tion transmission facilities which
would serve the proposed Har
vey aluminum plant at The
Dalles, Ore.
The funds will be available as
soon as the government has
"definite assurances" Harvey
Machine Company will build
and operate a planned alumi
num smelter.
Sens. Richard L. Neuberger
and Wayne Morse, Oregon Dem
ocrats, said the plant "should be
a valuable and important source
of industrial employment in the
mid-Columbia area, particularly
as work on The Dalles dam
tapers off."
f
Long Haul Truckers
Seek Rale Increase
Poetland (U.R) Long-haul
trucking firms in Oregon and
i Washington today were seeking
authority to increase most of
their rates by six per cent.
The firms, who have filed pe
titions for the increases with
state government bodies, saw
boosts are needed to offset wage
increases and a pension plan
won by AFL teamsters in the re
cent strike.
Public Utilities Commissioner
Charles Heltzel said a hearing
would be held here August 11.
A hearing before the Washing
ton Public Service Commission
is scheduled August 8.
Admiral Socked by
Gob Gets Promotion
London (U.R) An Admiral
who was socked by a sailor got
a promotion today.
The Admiralty announced
that Vice-Adm. J. W. M. Eaton
will become deputy supreme
Allied commander, Atlantic.
The new post goes with his new
assignment of the British, Amer
ican and West Indies station. He
formerly was commander of the
British mothball fleet.
Eaton was socked by Seaman
James McSporran while inspect
ing a ship at Devenport recently.
McSporran was jailed for court
martial.
The nation's hospitals employ
1.200,000 persons and pay them
S3,000,000,000 a year.
The foreign minister's confer
ence which is to begin to seek
solutions to the problems dis
cussed by the Big Four will not
meet until October. The whole
field of European security must
be canvassed. That probably will
involve amendment and re
arrangement of the North Atlan
tic Treaty Organization. After
the foreign ministers work out
security details there will be the
problem of how to hold German
unification elections. And much
of the work of the foreign min
isters will have to be submitted
to parliaments, congresses and
such in the appropriate capitals.
Little Time To Decide
That is not a work of weeks
or, even, of a few months. Mr.
Eisenhower has only about five
months after the foreign minis
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J. J. NEWBERRY CO. Sixth and Central
ters meet to decide and declare
publicly whether he will run
again. He is committed to that
schedule two ways. First, he told
his news conference last March
2 that he would detail his 1956
plans about one year from then.
Second, if he fails to move one
way or another by March 15, or
thereabouts, he will bring down
on the Republican Party in one
of its key states a calamitous
brawl.
The state is California, now
with the second largest popula
tion in the union. It is a political
powerhouse and powder keg, to
boot. If Eisenhower pledged del
egates to the Republican Nation
al Convention are to be elected
in California's early June prefer
ential primary, his consent to
run must be public property not
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not much later than March 15
that he is a candidate if an ade
quate California delegate slate
is to be set up in his name.
Three-Way Contest
Failure to announce his own
candidacy would leave the ield
open for a bruising three-way
contest among Vice President
Richard M. Nixon, Sen. William
F. Knowland and Governor
Goodwin Knight. Or, worse,
from the standpoint of Eisen
hower Republicans, Knowland
and Knight might gang up on
Nixon, and lick him badly. .
A battle like that would se
verely damage the Republican
Party in California and cloud
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intervening between October and
March that the diplomats will
have so improved conditions that
the President can be sure in his
own mind peace has come to
stay a while long enough for
him to retire.
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