Today and
By Walter
BIG THINGS COMING
We can now be reasonably
certain that before the meeting
at the summit, the Kremlin will
will have prepared for itself a
position of
great diplomat
ic and political
strength. Judg
ing by what
we have al
ready seen, the
Tf I Kremlin has
j &f ? formed a b i g
program tor
Europe, which
also will have very far-reaching
implications for Asia.
The program was . launched
with the Kremlin's reversal of
its" position on the Austrian
treaty. But that was not an iso
lated act, not a single gesture.
It was quite clearly part of a
new program which has been
widely conceived and carefully
coordinated, and this new pro
gram is now being put forward
item by item, thesis by thesis.
We have not yet seen the whole
of it. But within the past week
the Soviets have done and have
said enough to indicate the gen
- eral shape of things to come.
WE KNOW enough already to
sav that the reversal on the
Austrian treaty was not due to
a notion that the Germans couia
be beguiled and seduced into ac
cepting a similar treaty. The
Kremlin knows quite well the
difference between the rather
simple Austrian problem and the
extremely complicated German
problem. If I read correctly the
recent moves of the Kremlin, the
Soviet rulers have understood
what Churchill first began to
leel when he talked about a new
j'Locarno." It is what Adenauer
after Churchill has been saying
for some time. It is that the is
sues of German unification with
in acceptable German frontiers
are soluble only with a general
European security system in
which both Western and Eastern
Europe participate.
The Kremlin's actions in the
past week indicate that they may
be getting ready to propose, or
at least to negotiate about if we
propose, not only a German set
tlement but also a change in the
tatus of the satellite countries
of Eastern Europe. I may be
wholly mistaken. But I cannot
think of any other explanation
for some of the key sentences in
the armaments resolution, for
the public recognition of Tito's
independence and importance,
for the recent approaches to Fin
land, for Mr.' lUolotov's enthusi
asm for the principles of the
Austrian settlement, and for
what was put into and was left
out of the Warsaw treaty.
On the day that the Western
governments invited the Soviet
to a meeting at the summit, the
Kremlin put out the idea of a
withdrawal of the Red Army be
yond the satellites and behind
the Soviet frontier in return
for American evacuation of its
- air bases in Europe. The Krem-
lin followed this up by announc
' ing, just as the Austrian treaty
was being concluded, that their
leaders were paying a visit to
Belgrade. They have gone to
great lengths to express their
approval of three states, Fin
land, Austria and Yugoslavia,
which have this in common: that
they have national independence
and that they are not members
of either of the two great mili
tary coalitions.
If this notion is attractive to
the Germans, why is it not also
attractive to the Czech's, the
Hungarians and the Poles? The
Kremlin will not have overlook
ed this point. Why did they be
gin this diplomatic week by pro
posing, to negotiate about the
withdrawal of the Red Army
from the satellites? And why,
when they designed the Warsaw
treaty, did they set up a system
of command which is not inte
grated like NATO, but leaves
the armed forces of each of the
In The Day's
By FRANK JENKINS
Thriller-diller stuff:
At Las Vegas, dozens of police
men, postal inspectors and sher
iff's deputies rounded up a gang
of get-rich-quick characters. The
lawmen had been tipped off
that the gang was planning to
hi-jack a shipment of a half mil
lion dollars of gambling casino
money that was due to be sent
by registered mail from the Las
Vegas postoff ice to a bank in San
Francisco.
The plan was to hold up the
police car that was to take the
cash from the postoffice to the
railroad station. It included a
series of fake telephone calls de
signed to draw the cops away to
other parts of the city.
A trap was laid, and five of
the plotters were taken into cus
tody. Instead of getting rich
quick, they got jugged quick.
IT was gambling casino money.
Gambling is legal in Nevada.
Robbery at the point of a gun
isn't.
The moral:
"Shoemaker, stick to your
last." If you want to take their
money in Las Vegas, do it at the
gambling tables.
IJORE on the weather:'
- It's much more like January
Tomorrow
Lippmann
member nations under its own
national command? Why have
they done all these extraordi
nary things if they are not pre
pared to negotiate for a '"neu
trality belt"' which includes at
least some if not all of the satel
lites? T DO NOT know, and I am cer-
tainly not meaning to predict,
that the Soviet Union has decid
ed to propose a European secu
rity system with a belt of mili
tary neutrals extending from
Scandinavia through middle and
eastern Europe to the Balkans.
But I think they are at least
preparing the ground in case
their proposals for a united and
neutral Germany are met by
queries and proposals from the
West about Eastern Europe. In
any event, if they are getting
ready to talk about giving
Prague and Budapest the same
status as Vienna, and Warsaw
the same status, perhaps, as Hel
sinki, there is no good reason
why we should shrink from the
negotiation, why we should not
seek such a negotiation.
To anyone who takes serious
ly, as humanly and in honor
Americans must, the liberation
of Eastern Europe, the idea of
neturality, the extension of a
neutral belt to include Eastern
Europe, is of capital importance.
Eastern Europe cannot be liber
ated by war; !it can only be dev
astated by nuclear weapons. And
Eastern Europe cannot be liber
ated by a violent counter-revolution
without precipitating the
war which would devastate East
ern Europe. It is, moreover, no
use to suppose that the Kremlin
will release Eastern Europe in
order that it may join NATO. If,
then, the satellite states are to
be released from Moscow's mili
tary system without entering our
military system, they must be
able to enter a community of
military neutrals.
This suggests that the best re
ply the West can make to the
developing Soviet diplomatic
campaign is not to reject the idea
of a neutrality belt but to ask
that it be widened.
TT WOULD be a mistake, I be-
lieve, to have fixed precon
ceptions and prejudices about
the idea of military neutrality
as the policy of small, exposed,
and vulnerable states. Great
powers like Britain, France and
the United States, like the Soviet
Union and Red China, cannot be
neutrals. But small states can
be often with difficulty some
times without success, but some
times also to their national ad
vantage. The idea of neutrality was not
invented by the Soviets, and
they should not be allowed to
monopolize and exploit it for
their own national purposes. The
idea of military neutrality, as
our own history should remind
us, is . in the tradition of our
Western society. It has nothing
whatever to do with moral neu
trality, or with political isola
tion, or with spiritual indiffer
ence to evil. A policy of neutral
ity, like a policy of alliances,
is the policy of a state and it is
justifiable or not justifiable by
reason of state. It has to do' with
the protection of the vital inter
ests of the nation. Having prac
ticed military neutrality our
selves for more than a century
when we were weak, it is not
nice of us to be self-righteous
and superior about other weak
states who follow the example
we set.
In the great diplomatic en
counter which is now beginning
let us not hobble ourselves witn
our own fixed notions. Let us
not give the Kremlin a free field
and the initiative, while we
stand by beating our breasts and
crying out that we are being en
ticed and ensnared by those O-so-much-too-clever
Russians.
Copyright v1955.
New York Herald Tribune Inc.
News
Ithn May in the British Isles to
I day. Rain, snow and biting winds
have blocked many roads and
damaged early crops. The storm
is threatening shipping in the
area.
I suppose this is a good time
to quote Robert Browning:
Oh, to be in England
"Now that April's there,
"And whoever walks in Eng
land "Sees, some morning unaware,
That the lowest boughs and
the brushwood sheaf
"Round the elm tree bole are
in tiny leaf,
"While the chaffinch sings on
the orchard bough
"In England now."
THAT was written about a cen
tnrv atr
J '
The weather sterns to be
changing.
JUJRNING to politics
Democratic Senator Mike
Monroney of Oklahoma says in
Washington it's too early to tell
whether Adlai Stevenson will
seek the Democratic Presidential
nomination in 1956. He adds:
"I don't think Stevenson is
afraid of runing against Eisen
hower, but he wants to look
around the country and see what
! I 67 By
Copenhagen, wan ano (De
layed) Who am I?
I have a small pug head. My
skin is wrinkled and rough, al
most like the bark of an oak. I
bellow like a foghorn unques-
S-30SS
tionably, the noisiest animal in
the northland. When grown, I
eat a washtub or so full of food
for one meal it's digestion,
happily, aided by several pounds
of stones in my stomach.
My home is within Arctic Eur
ope and North America although
in prehistoric times I ranged to
what is now Georgia in the U.S.,
Scotland and Denmark.
I am huge, almost hairless. My
small eyes are bloodshot. My
nostrils are pushed up on the
top of my earless head.
Some would call me indolent
I must confess I spend a lot
of time sprawled out on an ice
floe, snoring off a heavy meal.
Wonderfully adapted to my ex
istence, I can maneuver with
safety in the pounding surf about
ragged rocks. Yet I cannot swim
indefinitely and when I get tired
I must find ice or land if not,
I drown. On land I lumber.
When hungry, I take a deep
breath and dive slantingly per
haps 300 feet below the surface
to the bottom of. the sea where
I get my food by standing on my
head and scraping it off the
ocean floor with my extraordin
arily developed upper canines.
Layer of Blubber
Like most semi-acquatic mam
mals of the north, I am insulated
with a heavy layer of blubber.
Even submerged in icy water for
12 hours after death, my carcass
will still be very warm.
At five, the ton-heavy female
may give birth to her first single
calf on an ice floe, nine months
after mating. (Males, a third
heavier, mature a year later).
The devoted mother will de
fend her young to the death.
Our enlarged canines, drop
ping from the upper corners of
the mouth, are hard, - yellow
white ivory and are used for
fighting, for scraping food off!
the ocean floor, and when oc
casion calls, to get a purchase on
a cake of ice to climb aboard.
I am: Polar bear, B. Walrus,
C. Killer whale, D. Sea lion, E.
Elephant seal.
I am: B. Walrus.
(Released by McClure
Newspaper Syndicate)
Free: By special arrangement
with the editors of the Encyclo
pedia Americana, my panel of
judges will award each week to
the reader who sends me the
best question on nature and wild
life a complete 30-volume set of
this world - famous reference
work in a handsome Sealcraft
binding.
Each week, new questions will
be considered. Sorry, I simply
can't answer your many friendly
letters. Please address your ques
tions to IS THAT SO! care of The
Medford Mail Tribune, Box 575,
Sausalito, Calif.
the situation is."
AT this point, let's quote the
opinion of Director Kenneth
Frink, of the Princeton Research
Service, who is one of the best
known of the pollsters:
"If a Presidential election
were being held today between
the 1952 candidates, President
Eisenhower would poll a slightly
bigger vote against Adlai Stev
enson than he did in November
of 1952.
"As of today, President Eisen
hower would poll 56.1 per cent
of the two-party vote in the na
tion, while Former Governor
Stevenson would receive only
43.9 per cent.. In the 1952 elec
tion, Eisenhower received 55.4
per cent and Stevenson 44.6 per
cent of the two-party vote."
TIT'S a difference of opinion
that makes horse races.
It's also a difference of opin
ion that makes political cam
paigns. '
TNCIDENTALLY, Pollster Fink
is cagey. He adds:
"It must be understood that
today's poll findings reflect only
current sentiment and that
much can happen between now
and November 1956 to change
people's minds."
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