rOUH MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE
Thursday. May 12, 19SS
UNI
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Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the filea of The
Mail .Tribune 10, 20. 30 and
10 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO ,
May 12. 1S45
(It was Saturday)
Public hearing on Jackson
county budget set for June 8.
From Arthur Perry' Ye
Smudge Pot column: The senior
class of Old Medford High will
set their sheeDskins Thursday
May 31. They will have to wres
tle with the problems of peace,
and a Siskiyou Mountain sized
national debt.
20 YEARS AGO
May 12. 1935
(It was Sunday)
Two Medford residents died in
accidents, one in highway mis
hap and one by drowning. ,
Camp South Fork near Butte
Falls awarded district flag for
best junior CCC company in
Medford district.
30 YEARS AGO
May 12, 1925
(It was Thursday)
A front-page headline reads:
Tom Mix1 mixes in mix-up with
Art Mix which mixes up the Mix
mix-up. The mix: Tom Mix ob
jecting to George Washington
Kesterson's application in court
to change name to Art Mix.
Orchard heating pots used to
thaw snow on highway to Crater
Lake.
40 YEARS AGO
May 12, 1915
(It was Wednesday)
The Liberty Bell, on country
wide tour, to be in Medford soon.
From the Ashland and Vicin-
ity column: The springs resort at
Colestine is being gotten in readi
ness for the summer campaign.
What's the Answer.
(Can You Get 4 of the 7t
Ceer. IMS. Editorial Research Reacrt
1. The Bricker Amendment on
scope of treaties was defeated
last year in the House, in the
Senate, in both, or in neither?
2. The horses in the Kentucky
Derby are of the same age or dif
ferent ages?
3. Annual costs in private old
age pension plans are higher to
employers for older than for
younser workers: right or
wrong?
4. About 5 per cent, 15 per
cent, 35 per cent, or 45 per cent
of all federal income tax returns
are found to contain errors?
5. The International Long
shoremen's Union is a member
of the A.FX., the CJ.O., or
neither?
6. A new type of operation has
or hasn't helped sufferers from
hardening of the arteries?
7. Spangler Arlington Brough
was the real name of Robert
Montgomery, Robert Taylor,
Humphrey Bogart, Jack Benny
or Bing Crosby?
The Answers: 1. In the Senate.
2. All are three-year olds. 3.
Right. 4. About 25 per cent. 5.
Neither (was thrown out of A.
F. L.). S. Has. 7. Robert Taylor.
Court Records
POLICE COURT '
Leland Roy Dressier, failure to yield
right of way to oncoming traffic. $10.
Johnnie . Dean Gibson, excessive
noise (pipes). $10
MAJtRIAGE LICENSE
APPLICATIONS
Dow Egbert Williams. 61. of 3232
Goldfinch St.. San Diego. Calif., and
Grace Flora Nicholson. 47. route 1,
box 15. Ashland. ,
' Dead line Sunday Classified is at
noon Saturday: 1 a. m. Monday for
Monday: other day 5:30 previous day.
How About That "Vacation?"
The political writers on weekly magazines are
rapidly going daffy.
They no sooner comment on the administration's
foreign policy than the policy is changed too late to
make any correction possible until another week has
passed, by which time of course another change
may have occurred.
IN one of the popular weeklies, for example, the
political expert lambasted the State Department
recently for turning down Chou En lai's peaceful
gesture at Bandung by tacking on what he termed im
possible conditions, to acceptance of the proposed
talks. '
Before the "weekly" got in the mails, the "im
possible conditions" were removed but it was too
late, of course, to make a correction.
A FEW days later it was reported from London
"that the USA would not approve a 4-power con
ference on the top-bracket, but only on the ambassa
dorial level. This was stated several times and a
deadlock with Great Britain who insisted upon a
"summit" gathering seemed imminent.
But 24 hours later the USA did another somer
sault, and agreed to a high level meeting. So that
picture changed overnight as it were.
MOT so very long ago it was declared by Secretary
' Dulles that he viewed the situation in the Formosa
straits with "grave foreboding," an attack on the
off-shore islands appeared imminent, and though
not so declared directly, the implication was strong,
that if and when such an attack occurred the hot war
with China would be on.
Now, again from London, comes the report that
Mr., Dulles is optimistic about the situation in the
Formosa area, that while Red China is building up
a strong air force on the mainland the United States
will not get involved inany war, unless China should
make a combined attack on Formosa, Quemoy, and
Matsu. Just what that means is not entirely clear,
but it certainly marks a radical departure from the
statement made, after Dulles' return from the Far
East, and strongly indicates the off-shore islands
alone won t be defended.
A S we see it, Secretary Dulles should do one of
two things: (1) either not talk so much or (2)
confer at length with President Eisenhower regard
ing all important decisions before he does talk.
We suggested some time ago that our Secretary
of State needs a vacation. Each day the evidence
becomes stronger, that a prolonged breathing spell
and some recreation would not only be a good thing
for him, but for the country. R.W.R.
v . .
Looks Bad for Chiang
Monday last,- Assistant Secretary of State George
Allen declared in Los Angeles that the Eisenhower
administration does not believe in using force to aid
Chiang Kai-shek to return to the -Chinese mainland.
If THIS policy is adhered to then certainly Chiang
Kai-shek has our sympathy, and will need it.
For if the USA-will not aid him with force to
make a "return from Elba" then no other country
will. And without such aid, any successful return,
according to all the recognized military experts,
would be impossible.
AND so what?
Well the most likely solution as we see it would
be a compromise, placing Formosa under some kind
of UN trusteeship, neither handing it over to Chiang
nor to Red China, but allowing the former to remain
there, during good behavior so to speak, and at least
live out his life there with his family and followers
in reasonable peace and security.
But the big question is "Would Chiang agree to
do it?" To date he has spurned any such suggestion.
.
A second question even bigger is:
" With all hope of a return to China eliminated
how long could the morale of Chiang's army be main
tained. .,
More than that. How long could the-army itself
be maintained and kept in fighting trim. The only
answer we can see is: "not for long." ...
For these hundreds of thousands of soldiers under
Chiang are remaining loyal to him for only one rea
son, namely:
They still believe that eventually they will be able
to return to their friends and families in China proper,
and take up their lives, where they left off a decade
or more ago, and under a non-communist regime.
They don't want to stay permanently on Formosa and
never have.
The amazing thing is that such hope has not faded
away long ago. But apparently it hasn't. Unless this
latest pronouncement by the State Department is
changed, as so many have been, then that hope can't
last much longer. .
And when and if it does go we fear everything
will go, as far as any "come back" for Chiang Kai
shek is concerned except for the one noted above
some sort of a workable compromise that could sat
isfy both Chiang and Red China.
TT is a tough spot to be in for the former General-
issimo of all China. '
But as things look now it appears inescapable.
It is even doubtful that Senator Knowland of Cali
fornia, the best and most powerful supporter in this
country Chiang has, can find any satisfactory way
out of it satisfactory.that is, to him and to Chiang.
" R.W.R.
In the Day's News
By FRANK JENKINS
Back to the cold war:
Formal invitations to a top
level Big Four meeting have
been sent to Russia by President
Eisenhower, Prime Minister
Eden of England and Premier
Faure of France. Each leader
personally invited Premier Bul-
ganin of Russia to join in direct
talks with a view to solving
some of the world s problems.
It is believed in Moscow that
the invitations will almost cer
tainly be accepted.
Matter of Fact
By Joseph Alsop
A S TO ways and means:
The Big Four foreign min
isters will meet in Vienna this
week end to sign the Austrian
independence treaty. They could
get together in Vienna or else
whereand draw up what the
diplomats call an "agenda,"
which is striped-pants language
for a list of the subjects to be
discussed. They could also set
a date and a place for the meet
ing of the chiefs of state of the
United States, Britain, France
and Spain.
It suggested that the chiefs of
state could then meet for three
or four days at the time and the
place chosen and pass the results
of their talks on to the foreign
ministers for further discussion
by them.
rpHE PROGRAM, you see, calls
for a lot of talking which
is all to the good.
Talking is cheaper than shoot
ing. '
rrHE INVITATION sent to Rus
sie set no specific time and
place. "Informants in Paris
(meaning members of the upper
international brass who decline
to permit use of their names)
suggest that the time of the meet
ing is likely to be mid-July and
the place somewhere in Switzerland.
rpHE NEWS of the invitation to
A' the meeting of the chiefs of
state was made public in Wash
ington while President Eisen
hower was addressing a confer
ence of Republican women. He
recalled to them that he has said
he is ready to do ANYTHING, to
meet with ANYONE, anywhere,
in the interests of peace.
He said that if such a meeting
is held "we will not stand on
minor points of protocol if there
is the slightest chance to bring
about a better world." He added
that the only condition for such
a meeting would be that the Urn
ted States would have to main
tain its self-respect in connection
with the whole proceeding.
IT SOUNDS wonderful.
. Coming on the heels of Red
Chinese Premier Chou En-Lai's
recent statement that he is will
ing to negotiate direcUy with the
United Sates in an effort to ease
the tensions in the Far East, it
sounds even more wonderful.
It all suggests the rosy thought
that maybe the war clouds are
going to blow away after all, so
that the world may enter upon
another Golden Age of peace
and progress and good will
among nations.
BUT WAIT a minute.
AMERICAN SABRE JETS
TUESDAY SHOT DOWN TWO
RUSSIAN - BUILT MIGS AND
PROBABLY DESTROYED AN
OTHER OVER INTERNA
TIONAL WATERS OF THE
YELLOW SEA, WHICH LIES
BETWEEN RED CHINA AND
THE KOREAN PENINSULA.
THE AIR Force announces in
Tokyo that the U.S. planes
were jumped by the Commun
ist planes in an area about 50
miles southwest of the Yalu river
boundary between North Korea
and Red China.
The announcement says 12 to
16 Communist planes attacked
the Sabres, which numbered
eight The identity of the Com
munist planes was not given.
MIGS are used by the Russian,
North Korean and Red Chinese
air forces.
All of our Sabres, after re
turning the fire of the attackers
and shooting down two or more
of them, returned safely to their
base.
WHAT DOES it all mean? j
It means that you can't trust
Joseph Alsop
THE WEAK LINKS
Tokyo The dull old saw, that
a chain is no stronger than its
weakest link, is rapidly becom
ing a pungent
critic ism of
American pol
icy, in Asia.
On the one
hand, the so
called "island
chain strate
gy" has been
the real justi
fication of our
Asian policy
from the mo
ment when
President Eisenhower decided
to allow the Chinese Commun
ists a concealed victory in Ko
rea. For two years, our policy
makers have gone on the rule
that they could safely dodge any
issue and abandon any position
in Asia, so long as the line from
the Aleutians through Japan and
Okinawa, Formosa and the Phil
ippines was firmly held. And
with bland complacency, they
have assumed there was no
danger to this officially estab
lished American defense line in
the Pacific.
On the other hand, however,
the most vital links in the island
chain have been more and more
visibly weakened. In both its
offensive and defensive aspects,
the island chain strategy is in
fact ceasing to be a valid strate
gy. The process is slow, because it
works indirectly. But it is none
the less immensely important,
because it imperils the whole
American position in the Pa
cific. One of the two reasons for
the vast efforts of the second
World War was to safeguard and
strengthen that Pacific position.
The fruits of the great victory of
1945 .are now the stakes upon
the table.
The strategy of the island
chain is most immediately en
dangered on its offensive side. In
theory, as officially explained by
Secretary of State John Fpster
Dulles, enemy aggression on the
Asian continent is to be met
with a two pronged attack based
on Formosa and South Korea.
In view of Communist China's
complete inability to supply a
serious war on two fronts, this
is a good theory. But in prac
tice, although the divisions of
Chiang Kai-shek and Syngman
Rhee are still costing the Amer
ican taxpayers a lot of money,
the Chinese Communist leaders
are being progressively relieved
of any worries about this two
front war.
TN KOREA, the enemy is in-
creasingly protected by Amer-
can disarmament, by his own
fantastic fortifications, and by
his own air build up. The exist
ing air balance on the Korean
peninsula proper is now on the
order of three to one in favor
of the Communists, with the air
backup outside Korea also bal
anced in their favor. Anyone
who saw the Korean fighting
knows that an attack on the deep
tunneled Communist entrench
ments can not be considered for
an instanrwhile. the enemy has
air superiority. '
In Formosa, meanwhile, the
new. two China policy may leave
the appearance of strength. The
Generalissimo's divisions may
continue to be counted in the
Joint Chiefs of Staff's paper
games, even after an American
back-down in the Formosa
Strait. But after the demoraliza
tion such a back-down will in
evitably cause, any . attempt to
use the Chinese Nationalist divi
sions offensively will be- the
a Communist.
A Communist will make ges
tures of peace and good will
with one hand and stab you in
the back with the other.
BUT
Talk is ihsnsr than war.
So we must never refuse to
talk hoping that the talking
may be prolonged to the in
evitable time when communism
will fall under the weight of its
own foulness.
Meanwhile, of course, keeping
our guns loose in their holsters.
Frank Morgan
Harold Snodfraa
CHAPEL MORTUARY
Funeral Directors
PHONE 2-8030 1 KING STREET
MEDFORD'
most harebrained kind of gamble.
This, in brief, is what has
been and is now happening to
the capability of a two pronged
attack that Secretary Dulles
boasted about so grandly only
a lew weeks ago. Yet this loss
of offensive capability is not
so grave as the progressive loss
of defensive value of the famous
island chain. This defensive loss
is a purely political process,
mainly centering here in Japan.
Militarily and economically,
Japan is the most essential of all
the links in the island chain.
With this link gone, Okinawa
will be virtually untenable. For
mosa, will be .meaningless. We
shall be thrown back. to the posi
tion in the Pacific that we held
at the time of Pearl Harbor..
Yet no realistic observer of
the on-the-spot facts of the sit
uation in Asia can now take
Japan for granted, in the way
the American policy makers still
take for granted. Japans eco
nomic dependence on the United
States, the surviving Japanese
belief that the United States
wins in the end, are the present
mainstays of the Japanese-American
. alliance. But both those
mainstays must be expected to
snap if present trends in Asia
continue.
The danger, to be sure, is not
for today or for tomorrow. If
there is another appeasement of
the Communists in the Formosa
Strait, there will be increasing
doubts in Tokyo and Japanese
American relations will grow
increasingly more difficult. But
the Japanese-American alliance
may be expected to survive. It
will probably even survive next
year's already foreseeable Com
munist triumph in Indochina.
HOWEVER, the Japanese
American alliance cannot be
expected to survice a chain
reaction of further Communist
triumphs in Southeast Asia, such
as seems likely to begin in South
Viet Nam in 1956. That is too
much to hope for, as the Ameri
can embassy here has already
blunUy warned Washington.
What is to be feared is not a
complete reversal of alliances,
but adoption by the Japanese of
a sternly neutralist policy. But it
will be a small consolation that
the Japanese are not overtly on
the enemy's side, when Japan's
industrial potential is fully
available to the Communists,
and when the island chain has
been broken for good and all
by Japanese neutralism.
Such are the developments
that now loom ahead in the
short and long run in the Far
East. Maybe retreat and ap
peasement are still the best
cure. But those who advocate re
treat and appeasement have a
duty to propose an alternative
Pacific strategy for the United
States, plus a free-world strategy
of survival after most of the rest
of Asia has been lost. ,
Copyright, 1955,
New York Herald Tribune Ine.
John Day, Ore. -JftJ.R) - Voters
here have approved, 171-20, a
$139,000 bond issue for a new
grade school.
Morse Sees Possible
Federal Priorities
For Salk Vaccine
By SEN. WAYNE MORSE
Washington Long overdue
action to fix mandatory alloca
tions and priorities for Salk po
lio vaccine may be forthcoming.
Announcement of the success of
the vaccine came on April 12,
the tenth anniversary of Frank
lin Roosevelt's death. At . that
time Dr. Salk and the Founda
tion for Infantile Paralysis stat
ed that there would not be
enough vaccine this year to meet
the nation's full needs. They al
so pointed out that children in
the five to ten year age group
are most susceptible to infantile
paralysis and should be innocu
lated first.
The next day I announced that
would introduce a bill for a
commission of doctors (including
Dr. Salk, if possible) and, repre
sentatives of state health offices
and the vaccine manufacturers
to draw up rules and regulations
to set up allocations and priori
ties for distribution and use of
the vaccine. On April 14 my
bill was introduced.
The President and Secretary
Hobby advocated a voluntary
program of priorities and held
two conferences todraw up a
voluntary plan. Then it became
necessary to withdraw the Cut
ter vaccine from use because of
its questionable quality. In get
ting the vaccine back from dis
tributors and physicians it be
came known that the vaccine
was being given to relatives and
friends of distributing firms and
doctors, which was. not illegal
but was not in accordance with
the voluntary and unenforce
able distribution plan.
Demand for Controls v
As a result, there was an in
creasing demand for Federal
mandatory controls. The New
York Herald Tribune, a Repub
lican paper which strongly sup
ports the Administration
launched a vigorous editorial
campaign for U.S. control on a
Body of Eugene
Man Found in River
Springfield (U.R) The body
of Clifford W. Knowlton, 37, of
Eugene, was recovered from the
Willamette river late yesterday
He had been missing since April
23 when his car plunged off the
Fall Creek road about five miles
upstream.
The car was found next morn
ing An deep water with the win
dow on the driver's side rolled
down.5
Three teenaged boys spotted
his body on a sand bar just be
fore 4 p.m. yesterday. Spring
field police and firemen recover
ed the body and identification
was confirmed by Lane county
Coroner Fred Beull.
temporary basis. Its front-page
editorial on May 2 advocated a
bill essentially like the one I had
already introduced. On May 3,
10 Republicans and 3 Democrat
ic Senators introduced a bill al
most identical to mine.
, Committee hearings on simi
lar House bills have begun and
the Senate Labor Committee is
awaiting a report from the Pres
ident on the "voluntary" pro
gram. When it is received , the
Committee will consider further
action. N
As I pointed out in the Sen
ate, precious time is being wast
ed. The vaccine is in short sup
ply and will be for the next sev
eral months. It is necessary to
insure - that the children most
susceptible to polio those in
the 5- to 10-year age group get
vaccinated first. Then, young
sters slightly older and younger
should get it. By treating those
who are in greatest danger the
sources of infection to untreated
children and adults would be re
duced. I am continuing to press
for more adequate Federal ac
tion' to assist the states, physi
cians and parents.
Amendment for Fruit v
Processors Adopted
It is good to be able to report
that I was successful in persuad
ing the Senate to adopt an
amendment to the Reciprocal
Trade Agreements Act, which
recently passed the Senate and
now goes to conference. ' For
many weeks I have been work
ing with cherry and other fruit
growers and processors to secure
for them the right to a hearing
before the U.S. Tariff Commis
sion on tariff cases involving the
importation of processed com
modities. They - have been de
nied hearings because of narrow
interpretations of the law. The
amendment . would help '. other
processors of raw material to ob
tain their "day in court" before
the Commission. My amendment
was the only one added to the
bill on the floor of the Senate.
1956 Appointments to
Military Academies
The Civil Service designation
examination, upon which I base
my appointments, will be given
in 26 Oregon cities on Monday,
July 11,-1955. I shall be happy
to hear from boys who would
like to take the exam in order
to compete for an appointment
to West Point, Annapolis, or the
new Air Force Academy. iMy
quota - of appointments to t he
Naval Academy has been filled
as of how, but anyone interested
in such an appointment is at lib
erty to take the examination and
name another academy as his
second choice. I shall also be
glad, to provide information on
the Merchant Marine or Coast
Guard Academies, for which
Congressional appointments are
not needed.
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