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. POLIO SERUM WORKS Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (left) and Dr.
Jonas E. Salk are shown beaming at Ann Arbor, Mich., after
releasing to the press the report on effectiveness of Dr. Salk's
polio vaccine.
Sa3k Vaccine Report
Hailed Here; Local
'Shot' Plans Complete
Members of the Jackson coun
ty chapter of the National Foun
dation for Infantile Paralysis
were jubilant today over the fav
orable report on the effective
ness and safety of the Salk anti
polio vaccine.
Arrangements have been com;
pleted for giving vaccinations td
all first and second grade stu
dents in Jackson county who
have the consent of their par
ents, foundation members said.
Dr. A. Erin Merkel, county
health officer, said that only the
go-ahead from the state board of
health is necessary to put the
plans into effect. It is expected
that the county's supply of vac
cine will arrive by plane Sat
urday,' ah'cTfhat theEf2t"sTi6Ts"
will be administered Monday.
The vaccine will be kept under
refrigeration until used.
Oak Grove school is the first
on the list of those where young
sters of the first two grades will
get the shots.
2,800 Get Consent
More than 2,800 consent slips
from parents of first and second
graders have been received. Dr.
Merkel said. There are some
3,000 students in those two
grades in the county.
The health officer added that
a decision on how the series
Congress Resumes
Following Recess
Washington (U.R) Con
gress came back from its Easter
recess today with the Democrat
ic majority ready to start writ
ing its own ticket on domestic
legislation.
With bills emerging from
committees at a stepped-up pace,
domestic legislation will get
proportionately more attention
on the House and Senate floors
during the second half of the
1955 session.
However, debate on foreign
policy probably will continue
to overshadow domestic issues
"" because of the fear of war in
the Far East. Although Demo
crats joined in voting a blank
check to President Eisenhower
last winter, they have become
uneasy over the possibility that
the United States might become
involved in a war over Quemoy
and the Matsu Islands.
, Besides the annual appropria
tions bills, the major piece of
legislation in Congress is the
administration's foreign trade
bill, which already has passed
v the House. This measure faces
rough going in the Senate and
the administration can bank on
more support from Democrats
than from the Republicans.
State Sales Tax Will Be Included in
Bill To Be Drawn by House
Salpm (U.R) A state sales
tax which initially would raise
$90,000,000 will be provided for
in a bill to be drawn up by the
House Tax Committee.
The. proposal is for a 3 per
cent tax, with exemptions on
food and possibly feed, seed and
fertilizer.
Rep. Loren Stewart (R-Cot-tage
Grove) chairman of the
committee, appointed a subcom
mittee of Reps. Ed Cardwell (R
Sweet Home), Ward Cook (D
Portland) and Charles Tom (R
Ruf us) to draw up the bilL
3i
of shots will be given will be
made by the state board of
health. Previous plans called for
a series of three, with the sec
ond being given one week after
the first, and the third four
weeks later.
But Dr. Jonas Salk, originator
of the anti-polio vaccine, has
reported better results if the
third shot is given some seven
months after the first two. Dr.
Merkel said it is likely that the
second method described will be
the one employed in Oregon.
Black Market Eyed
In-Polio-Vaccine-
. Washington (U.R) The ad
ministration is considering call
ing a quick conference on ways
to prevent a black market in
Salk polio vaccine.
Mrs. Oveta Culp Hobby, secre
tary of Health, Education and
Welfare, told senators about the
tentative plan. She said "The
White House is very much aware
of the problem."
Her comment came after Sen.
Lister Hill (D.-Ala.) asked her to
urge President Eisenhower to
call a national conference. The
meeting would seek voluntary
means of preventing a black
market and assuring proper dis
tribution of the limited supplies
of the new vaccine until there
is enough to inoculate all who
desire it. . . . "
In another step to .regulate
distribution of the vaccine, the
Commerce department put all
exports except to Canada under
regulation. The vaccine cannot
be exported except under a Com
merce department license.
The department's action fol
lowed government approval of
the new vaccine. Mrs Oveta
Culp Hobby signed licenses yes
terday which 'gave the o-ahead
to release of the vaccine to the
general public. .
Tax Deadline Friday;
Officials Offer Help
The Internal Revenue Service
office in the federal building, 33
North Riverside ave., will - be
open Friday until 7 p.m. only for
taxpayer assistance, according
to Erie Gray, who is in charge of
the office.
He reported that the office
will open" at 8 a.m. Friday and
that hours will be 8 a.m. to 5
p.m. on Thursday.
Friday, April 15, is the dead
line for the payment of both
state and federal income taxes
this year. The federal deadline
in previous years has been
March 15.
The subcommittee also was di
rected to study possibilities of a
partial income tax offset .from
the sales tax revenue, a 510 per
census child offset to the coun
ties for relief of the local school
tax burden, relief for the state
basic school fund and a method
by which the bill should be put
to the people.
The committee's decision was
made after a discussion of the
Senate Tax Committee's pro
gram which probably will call
for a 50 per cent increase in the
income tax as compared with the
57,000,000 To (Set
B7 DELOS SMITH
'United Press Science Editor
Ann Arbor, Mich (U.R5 The
57,000,000 Americans most sus
ceptible to polio will receive
shots of Dr. Jonas Salk's miracle
vaccine in record time per
haps before mid-summer, it was
predicted today.
The polio killing serum was
rushed from manufacturers and
pharmaceutical houses to beat
the hot weather polio epidemic
season. It appeared possible the
first vaccinations would be given
today, within 30 hours of an-r
nouncement of the success of the
serum.
Preparations to immunize
those most susceptible to the
disease persons between the
ages of six months and 21 years
took place hastily today across
the country, in schools, through
the National Foundation For In
Medford
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50th Year 20 Pages
Air India Plane
Crash Declared
To Be Accident
United States Denies
Order of Sabotage
London (U.R) The For
eign Office today officially de
scribed the crash of an Air-India
plane carrying Communist Chin
ese representatives to the Afro
Asian conference in Indonesia as
an "unfortunate accident."
The statement came shortly
after the United States denied as
"preposterous" the' Peiping gov
ernment's charges that Washing
ton ordered the plane sabotaged.
Precautions Taken
...The Foreign Office, said full .
precautions were taken by Hong
Kong authorities to prevent sab
otage when the four-engine Con
stellation stopped there for an
hour on its flight to Djakarta,
Indonesia.
The British view took the
steam out of a statement by In
dian Prime Minister Jawaharlal
Nehru that the crash in the
South . China sea Monday "has
some very unusual features. He
called it "peculiarly painful and
distressing" because the plane
was carrying the Peiping dele
gates.
Only Three Saved
Eight Chinese Communists, a
representative from the Red
state of Viet Minn in Indochina,
two European journalists and
seven Indian crew members
were aboard the plane. Only
three persons, all Indian crew
men, were believed saved.
A Peiping protest said the
Communist Chinese had warned
HumDhrev "Trevelyan, British
charge d'affaires in the Red cap
ital, of possible sabotage when
the plane reached Hong Kong.
The Communist charges were
broadcast first by the Peiping
Radio. Moscow rebroadcast them
today.
Advance Warning Confirmed
A Foreign Office spokesman
confirmed that Communist
China gave Britain an advance
warning "in general terms" of
"possible trouble" in store for
the Constellation, Kashmir Prin
cess. He said this information was
passed promptly to Hong Kong
authorities and they took im
mediate precautions. The fact
the plane' later crashed was only
an "unfortunate accident," the
Foreign Office said, and "we
very much regret the loss of
life.".
At Singapore, a British Royal
Navy spokesman said the frigate
HMS Dampier had 'called off
its search for survivors at the
scene of the crash near the Na
toena Islands.
Committee
32 per cent increase provided in
the present House bill.
Consensus was that the pres
ent House plan would' not meet
revenue needs and would leave
the state in bad financial -condition
two years from now.
Stewart said that even if the
income tax was raised 50 per
cent now, the state would need
an additional $27,800,000 for the
1957 biennium.
Cecil Posey, representing the
Oregon Education Association,
groups was running about 5 to 1
for a sales tax.
fantile Paralysis ' and among
family physicians. ;
Those familiar with the vac
cine and its distribution prophe
sized that 27,000,000 children
will be inoculated with two shots
of the vaccine within a month
to six weeks. Enough to give
two shots to others in the most
susceptible age group should be
ready for commercial distribu
tion during June.
Distribution by June would
beat the summer polio season in
all sections of the United States
except the South.
Dr. Salk himself recommend
ed, an many persons in the sus
ceptible age bracket as possible
be given two shots of vaccine
from supplies available. He
urged a seven month x waiting
period between the second and
third shots and supported his
recommendation with persuasive
MEDFORD, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 13, 1955
horoiragi f Atomic Seerefts
With MAT
Subcommittee To
Investigate Ouster
Of Edward Corsi
Dulles Expected
To Be Witness
Washington (U.R) A Senate
subcommittee will investigate
the controversail ouster of Ed
ward J. Corsi as a State depart
ment adviser on refugeeprob
lems. '
Chairman William Langer (R.
N.D.) of the Judiciary subcom
mittee on Refugees announced
his group will conduct a "full,
complete and far reaching" in
quiry. He said that presumably
Secretary of State John Foster
Dulles, who dropped Corsi as a
consultant, will be called as a
witness.
Ousted Sunday
Corsi, Italian - born former
New York state industrial com
missioner, was named as Dulles'
special assistant last January 10
to help speed up the refugee re
lief program to bring 214,000
refugees into the United States
by the end of 1956. He was oust
ed last Sunday.
Sen. Hubert Humphrey (D
Minn.) sent Dulles a letter charg
ing that the Corsi case "repre
sents another aberration in the
administration of the security
program." He said the State de
partment had set the 90 - day
limit 6n sensitive temporary ap
pointments like Corsi's under an
interpretation1 of an executive
order.
Refert To Limited Period
Actually, Humphrey said, the
executive order covering such
matters refers only to a "limited
period" for temporary appoint
ments to sensitive jobs. During
that time, security checks are to
be made.
Humphrey said the State de
partment interpretation placing
a 90-day limit on such tenure if
the check is not completed
makes Dulles . "a prisoner of
your own regulations which you
have authority to amend."
Camp White Illnesses
Result in Quarantine
Camp White An outbreak
of influenza at the Veterans Ad
ministration domiciliary center
here has put some 30 veterans
in the infirmary, and caused
others to take to their beds, it
was reported today.
As a result, the medical staff
has decided to "Quarantine" the
entire station, it was announced.
No members will be allowed
off the station, and visitors will
not be Dermitted until the sit
uation improves, the doctors
said. This automatically cancels
activities here, including the an
nual Hobby Fair' which was
scheduled for Sunday, April 17.
. Salem (U.R) A bill to limit
damage judgments against news
papers and radio stations for in
advertent libel to special dam
ages has been , sent to the Sen
ate floor with a favorable recom
mendation by the State and
Federal Affairs Committee.
Polio Shots oil Record '.Time
scientific arguments.
Pharmaceutical house officials
assured the writer that there
could be no doubt of the six
companies to have the third
"booster" shots ready within
seven months?"
There even will be limited
supplies for world markets. On
the other hand, there was
nothing to stop foreign pharma
ceutical houses from making it.
Indeed a German pharmaceuti
cal house is already offering it
for sale. The foundation has
made Dr. Salk's work public
property. Technical data is
available to qualified persons
no royalties are asked.
Basil O'Connor, president of
the National Foundation, was
clearly pressing hard to get as
many persons vaccinated as
quickly as possible. He has never
niade ahy secret of his consum
Local People (Eilve
Strong Support For
Sanitation Measure
Strong support , for Senate
Bill 434, which would authorize
the formation of large sanitary
districts in areas where concen
trated action is necessary to solve
sewage disposal problems, was
voiced at a Jiearing in, Salem
last night.
Several Jackson county people
appeared before the Senate conv
mittee on state and local govern
men which is considering the
bill. The measure was introduced
by State Sen. Philip B. Lowry,
Medford, with several cospon
sors, including Reps. E. H. Mann
and E. A. Littrell.
Oullines Plans
Senator Lowry led off tha
hearing with an outline of the
measure, telling what it is
hoped will be accomplished, and
how it would be a help in solv
ing sanitation problems not only
in Jackson county but also in
other areas with similar prob
lems. He said the measure is de
signed to be flexible, and will
help solve difficulties in many
parts of the state.
Raymond Coulter, attorney for
tne League of Oregon Cities, was
the second witness, giving the
league's support for the measure
and saying it is felt that the sit
uation has got to a point where
definite steps have got to be
made to cope with the problem
before it gets out of control.
Dr. Merkel Appears '
Dr. A. Erin Merkel, county
health officer, told the commit
tee that the problem has been
causing concern both in Jack
son county and in meetings of
health officers which . he has
attended. It is frequently dis
cussed, he said, and because of
the acuteness of the problem,
something is going to have to be
done to give communities the ma
chinery and tools to cope with
sewage disposal needs.
The situation as it exists is
creating one of the state's major
health problems, Dr. Merkel
said.
A. D. Harvey, Medford con
sulting engineer whose plan for
a "metropolitan" sanitation dis
trict was the basis for the bill,
discussed engineering details of
the measure, telling the commit
tee how such a district could be
brought - into being ' under the
terms of the bill. .He answered
committeemen's questions re
garding the plan, and showed a
map which outlines the proposed
district in this area, telling how
such a proposal could solve th3
sewage problem on the floor of
the Rogue valley, as well as in
other situations.
Health Group's Support
Mrs. Chester Guches, Med
ford, president of the Jackson
County Public. Health associa
tion, testified on behalf of the
bill, both as an individual citi
zen and for the health associa
tion. She told of the study of var
ious methods of solving sanita
tion problems which has been
conducted by an association com
mittee, and reported that the
study committee has voted
ing ambition to wipe paralytic
polio from the earth.
Many of the scientists who at
tended Tuesday's meeting at
which Dr. Thomas Francis Jr.,
professor of epidemiology, re
vealed his longwaited evalua
tion of last summer's mass-testing
of the vaccine in 1,829,916
children in 44 states, were more
and more impressed the more
often they read through his 113
pages of text, charts, graphs, and
tables. Some were willing to pre
dict, privately, that the vaccine
when properly made and proper
ly used could make polio as
much a has-been disease in the
United States as smallpox.
The report was simple. Some
of the experts told the writer
that they were only beginning
to grasp its full implications
Tuesday night, after they had
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Min
unanimous support for the sen
ate bill.
Other witnesses included John
PJetsch, president' of the Jackson
County Chamber of Commerce,
who-told of the chamber's study
of .the problem and -support for
the bill, and Rep Al Littrell,
who cited his experience as a
member of the Medford city
planning commission and city
council as reasons for the meas
ure.
Vole Upheld
The committee appeared about
ready to vote to recommend pas
sage of the measure at the con
clusion of the hearing, those at
tending reported, but Sen. Dpn
ajd Husband, Eugene, one of the
cosponsors of the bill and chair
man of the committee, indicated
he wished that a further study
of some of the technical details
be given before such approval
is voted. No action was taken by
the committee.
Four Vehicles in
Highway Smashup
Four cars were involved in a
smashup on Highway 99 near
Talent at about 8:15 a.m. today,
state police reported.
Drivers were'Emmett Tucker,
62, of the Tucker Sno-Cat Corp.,
Medford; Donald Sidney Flack
us, 2740 Elliott st.; D. Hord, 1423
Siskiyou blvd., Ashland; and
Harold Edmonds, 350 High st.,
Ashland.
Police said all four were
northbound on pavement which
was damp from a recent rain.
Officers were told that Tucker
started to make a left turn, and
that Flackus applied his brakes
and skidded around, being hit by
the Hord car. The Tucker veh
icle, meanwhile, turned back to
the right, and struck the vehicle
driven by Edmonds, police said.
There were no citations issued
by the " police, and no injuries
were reported, officers said', al
though Hord complained of a
pain in his back following the
collision. The Tucker vehicle
was able to leave under its own
power, but the other three had
to be towed from the scene, po
lice reported.
Condition of Injured
Driver Said Improved
The condition of Mrs. Inez
.Imogene Davis, 24, of 86 Vashti
Way, who suffered serious in
juries in an accident Monday,
was said to be improved today.
She is confined to Osteopathic
hospital.
Mrs. Davis suffered a serious
head cut when her car was in
volved in a collision, and quick
first aid work by Police Offic
er Robert AHen -was credited by
Mrs. Davis' attending physician
with possibly saving her life.
Her condition is listed as
'good" by hospital attendants.
read it over several times and
had devoted hours to studying
its tables and graphs of statis
tics. The nub of the report, as
revealed by close study, was that
the vaccine used in the mass test
ing was not all properly made
and not entirely properly used.
Despite these weaknesses, Dr.
Francis said that his findings
"suggested" it was 80 to 90 per
cent effective against paralytic
polio. The most effective vac
cines now in common use, that
for smallpox and yellow fever,
are 95 plus per cent effective.
It may well be that the Salk
vaccine will prove to be as per
fect as any vaccine can be.
Time will tell that only time
plus widespread use. But there
seemed to be no doubt that it
was effective to a very high de
gree against paralytic polio.
(See stories on Page 7)
Weather
FORECAST: near and colder
tonight. Partly sunny and
warm Thursday. Low tonight
30. High Thursday 60.
Temp.
Highest Yesterday 60
Lowest this Morning 40
Prec. to 4-30 a.m. Today .09
Information To
Be Available
Under Program
Actual Weapons
To Be Excluded
Augusta, Ga. (U.R) President
Eisenhower today approved a
proposal for sharing American
atomic secrets, bnt not actual
weapons or production know-
how, with the 13 countries of
the North Atlantic Treaty Or
ganization. The plan must be ratified by
each of the NATO nations before
going into effect.
The plan provides basically
for the United States to make
avalable to NATO atomic infor
mation which this country be
lieves will assist:
1. The development of de
fense plans.
.2. The training of personnel
in the employment of and de
fense against atomic weapons.
3. The evaluation of the capa
bilities of potential enemies in
the employment of atomic
weapons.
The information taken from
the "restricted" class of atomic
energy secrets would be made
available to NATO' through
channels now provided for ex
changing classified military in
formation.
The plan is in the form of a
draft agreement which was ap
proved March 2 by the NATO
Council, but not made public
until the White House acted to
day. The news was released si
multaneously in the other 13
NATO countries.
The agreement provides speci
fically that under its terms there
will be no transfer of atomic
weapons or special nuclear ma
terial. DOW-JONES AVERAGES
New York (U.R) Dow-Jones
final stock averages: 30 indus
trials 421.57 up 0.63; 20 rail
roads 157.55 up 0.47; 15 utilities
64.86 up 0.26, and 65 stocks
158.19 up 0.37. Sales today were
about 2,820,000 shares, com
pared with . 2,680,000 shares
traded yesterday.
sBC'd
Search for Peaceful End
To Formosa Crisis Speeded
Washington (U.R) The Unit
ed States and its allies stepped
up the search today for a peace
ful solution to the crisis over
Formosa. . .
For its part, the United States
was reported looking toward the
United Nations for some action
if new diplomatic talks give any
hope of success for an interna
tional move.
Broad international action
seemed to be likely. This likeli
hood became even greater after
Adlai E. Stevenson, a Democrat
ic spokesman and his party's
1952 presidential candidate, and
Secretary of State John Foster
Dulles, the Republican adminis
tration's foreign policy spokes
man, appeared in general agree
ment on ways to tackle the For
mosa problem.
Funds To Be Given
On Census Basis
For Debt Payments
$685,859 Slated
For Local Districts
School districts of Jackson
county will receive the bulk of
the more than $815,000 in con
troverted O&C money the coun
ty recently received, it was an
nounced this morning.
Tom Wray, chairman of the
county budget committee, said
the decision to distribute the
funds to school districts was
made yesterday. The distribu
tion will be made on a student
per capita basis, based on school
census figures in the county's 28
school districts, he said.
Bulk of Amount
The amount to be distributed
totals $685,859.07, Wray report
ed. Some of the money the
county has received has been ab
sorbed by other budget require
ments, he said, but the sum
which will go to school districts
lepresents the bulk of the con
troverted amount.
Use of the funds by school dis
tricts will be limited to the pay
ment of existing school construc
tion bonded indebtedness, the
committee chairman said.
Decision to make the distribu
tion was made by the budget
committee and county court.
Members are Wray, Medford,
chairman, Arnold Bohnert, Cen
tral Point, and Roger Rath,
Ashland; County Judge Rod
ney Keating, Ashland, and Coun
ty Commissioners L. G. (Shy)
Morthland and Chester Wendt,
both Medford.
County's Share
The $815,000 was received by
the county a few months ago and
represented the county's share
of an impounded fund held by
the department of the interior
over a period of years, represent
ing revenues from the sale of
timber from the so-called "con
troverted" portions of the Ore
gon and California railroad re
vested lands.
Payment of the money from
the controverted lands is in ad
dition to regular payments of
O&C money, which is distribut
ed to the counties in which the
land lies on a basis of 75 per
cent to the counties and 25 per
cent to the federal government.
In recent years, Jackson coun
ty's income from regular O&C
monies has amounted to more
than $1,000,000 annually.
Most of the O&C lands re
verted to the government after
terms of land grants to the old
O&C railroad were violated, and
have been administered by the
bureau, of land management and
its predecessors. But a portion
of the lands have been claimed
for administration both by the
BLM and Forest Service. Pay
ments of funds to the 18. O&C
counties in western Oregon" from
revenues from the disputed lands
was upheld until the dispute was
settled by legislation last year.
Wray said the final meeting
of the county budget committee
will be held next Wednesday,
after which the budget will be ,
prepared for publication.
Sanitation Study
Group Sets Meeting
Last in a series of study meet
ings on the county's sanitation
and sewage disposal problems
will be held at 8 p.m. today in
the county health department of
fice in the courthouse.
Victor Morgan, sanitarian .for
Lane county, will attend to tell
how county zoning has affected
sanitation problems in Lane
county. The meetings have been
held by a special committee of
the Jackson County Public
Health association.
It is also expected that reports
will be given on a public hear
ing held in Salem last night on
Senate Bill 434, which would
authorize the creation of large
sanitation districts in affected
areas.
Stevenson proposed Monday
night that the United States ask
for support of a declaration
whieh would condemn use of
force in the Formosa Strait,
build Allied guarantees to de
fend Formosa if it were attack
ed, and seek U.N." action to con
demn any move to alter For
mosa's status by force.
If this formula were approved
Stevenson suggested that Que
moy and the Matsus islands
present international sore point
"would have little further im
portance" to Nationalist China
or the United States.
Dulles told a news conference
Tuesday that Stevenson was sug
gesting . "as original ideas, the
very approaches which the gov
ernment has been and is active
ly exploring."