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School Segregation Arguments
Go (Before HDgh Court' Monday
Washington (U.R) Tne Su
preme Ccourt hears historic ar
guments Monday on how and
when the states should lower
once and for all the barriers of
racial segregation in public
schools.
Ten southern and border
states are prepared to warn the
justices of the "shock effect" of
any immediate end to separate
school systems for whites and
Negroes.
Attorneys for Negro groups
contended the states are exagge
rating. They say the best way
to solve the problem is to wipe
out segregation immediately.
Tolerance, they say, comes with
asociation and acceptance of the
inevitable.
Urge Middle Course
The Eisenhower administra
tion urges a middle course. It
wants the Supreme Court to
take into consideration the im
pact on southern states where
segregation is century-old.
The arguments are expected to
last about three days. They were
ordered by the high court in an
unprecedented action last May
when it handed down its unani
- mous decision outlawing segre
gated public schools. The histor
ic ruling struck down a doctrine
established in 1396 that "sepa
rate but equal" facilities are
constitutional.
It marked the first time in
the court's 166-year history that
it had asked for guidance and
opinions on how a decision
should be carried out. Its action
underlined the justices' concern
with the tremendous sociologi
cal impact of its ruling.
The attorneys general of the
border states of Kansas and Dela
ware lead off the hearings. They
have optimistic reports on prog
ress already made in barring
color distinctions in schools in
their states. But they caution
against any order requiring an
abrupt shift.
Each Side Gets Hour
The other three parties to the
original suits the District of
Columbia, South Carolina, and
Virginia will argue Tuesday.
In each case, attorneys for the
Negro parents involved in the
original cases will present their
stand. Each side is allotted one
hour.
Seven "interested" parties al
so are scheduled to outline their
proposals. They are the Justice
Department representing the
administration and Florida,
North Carolina, Arkansas, Okla
homa, Maryland, and Texas.
The arguments originally
were to begin last Dec. , but
were postponed until John Mar
shall Harlan could replace the
late Justice Robert H. Jackson
and provide a full bench.
Southern states are firmly op
posed to any immediate piercing
of the race barriers in public
schools. Many southern legisla
tures have taken tentative steps
to avert integration in event the
high court orders an abrupt
and outright end to separate
school systems.
Most of these state proposals
center around the principle of
a segregated private school sys
tem coupled with a public school
system for those who wish to
attend.
A mammoth school construc
tion program for Negroes was
underway in the south when the
Supreme Court threw out the
separate-but-equal doctrine. As
a result, Negro pupils in some
areas now have better school fa
cilities than white, and southern
states are expected to use this as
one argument for gradual aboli
tion of segregation.
Quick-Thinking Youths Receive Credit
For Saving Life Of Mother, Youngsters
Seattle, Wash. iU.P.) Two
ouick-thinking youths received
credit Saturday for saving the
lives of a distraught mother who
threw her two children off a
60-foot bridge into a rainswept
ship canal and then jumped in
herself.
"Why didn't I die? I feel so
sorry for them ... to have a
mother like me," sobbed Mrs.
Ann Salisbury, 24, Seattle, after
she and her two children were
rescued from the canal Friday.
Threw Boy Into Stream
James Hayes, bridge tender on
the Montlake Bridge crosing the
Lake Washington Ship Canal,
said the woman parked her car
at one end of the bridge. She
put her daughter Cynthia, 2,
astraddle the bridge rail and had
the child lean against her. Then
she picked up Bryan, 4, and
threw him over the side-.
Police credited Jim Sherman,
21, and his 14-year-old brother-in-law,
Guy Smith, with prevent
ing the deaths of the young
mother and her children.
"Wa were driving on the
bridge when we saw this wom
an throw the little girl off the
bridge," Smith said. "Jim stop
ped the car right then and we
ran down to the bulkhead under
th bridge and took off our
hirts and jumped in.
' "All three were floating on
the water when we got down.
We went for the little boy and
girl first and by the time I
reached the boy, I had to dive
under the water to get him."
Jutt Going Down
Sherman said he reached Cyn
thia "just as she was going
down.
were taken to a nearby hospital
where Cynthia was given arti
ficial respiration. All were in sat
isfactory condition.
A policewoman said Mrs. Sal
isbury had been to a clinic re
cently and had been advised she
needed psychiatric treatment.
Police said the woman would be
kept at the hospital for exam
ination. Her husband, Frederick Salis
bury, a salesman, removed the
two children from the hospital
Friday night.
Man Who Got Phony Refund
On Taxes Tripped by Dime
Hoboken, N. J. U.R) Five
years of collecting refunds on
income taxes that were never
paid ended for Charles Wenzel
Saturday because he asked for
10 cents too much.
Wenzel, 45, of Hoboken, was
held in $10,000 bail after his ar
rest on complaint of Treasury
agents in Washington, Detroit
and Newark, N.J.
Filed Phony Forms
Wenzel told U. S. Commis
sioner M. Lester Lynch he had
been filing fraudulent W-2 tax
withholding forms and claiming
refunds since 1950. He said he
filed two phony rebates in 1950,
five in 1951, 15 in 1952, 18 in
1954 and 23 already this year.
He received seven returns total
ling $2100 for 1954 so far this
year.
Then he asked for a refund of
$400.10. Claims up to $400 are
approved in a routine manner.
Anything requested over that
results in an audit. Wenzel's re
quest for a $400.10 refund was
audited. He was arrested.
Lynch said Wenzel would
claim deductions for "his wife
and two children" nnrJ shnw
The mother and her children that he was entitled to a refund.
But questioning revealed he was
a bachelor, had never worked
for a company or paid taxes.
SOMEWHAT worried by It all,
Harold E. Stassen, ex-foreign
operations administration di
rector, hears that Senate prob
ers plan full-scale investigation
of Pakistan grain storage con
tract, reportedly awarded to
highest bidder. (International)
Food Program Said
Propaganda Source
Washington (U.R) The Com
munists are finding a source of
propaganda in the slow opera
tion of the United States surplus
food disposal program, Rep. Har
old D. Cooley (D-N.C.) said Fri
day. "The Communists point to our
warehouses and grain elevators
bulging with surpluses," he said,
"and claim that we will not
share this unneeded food with
the starving peoples of the
world."
"Many seem to believe this
propaganda," Cooley said, "be
cause they do not know they can
have this food just by making
their wishes known."
- Cooley said he would try to
enlist officials of the United Na
tion Food and Agriculture Or
ganization (FAO) in an intensi
fied drive "to speak the word"
about the availability of Ameri
can food surpluses.
Raft Lehi II Still Docked
As Legal Tangle Unchanged
San Francisco (U.R) The
raft Lehi II will sit out Easter
morning moored to a dock in
San Francisco bay instead of
moving slowly to Hawaii.
The . United States Coast
Guard reported Saturday that
no change in the situation has
developed since .the raft was
attached and impounded by
them Friday for fines levied
against the first craft, the Lehi
I.
Devere Baker, skipper of the
ark-like vessel, was charged by
the Coast Guard for failure to
pay fines against the raft, which
allegedly, lacked a license, fog
bell and whistles, life preservers
and navigation lights.
Baker had planned to set sail
for Hawaii today as a warmup
for a 19,000 mile voyage from
Jerusalem to Central America.
The harassed skipper claimed
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that he no longer owned the
Lehi II and had transferred
ownership to Alfred Martin, an
Oakland furniture dealer. He
said he had no knowledge of the
claims against the raft and
added the Coast Guard had
given him a clean bill of health
recently.
Intermediate Luther
League Formed Here
An intermediate Luther lea
gue recently was organized at
Zion Lutheran church for stu
dents of the seventh, eighth and
ninth grades. Linda Slessler was
elected president; Keith Berg,
vice-president; Margaret Tizek
ker, treasurer; Jean Bjorlie, sec
retary, and Hazel Creel, activi
ties chairman.
The group is sponsored by Mr.
and Mrs. C. S. Slessler, and any
one interested in joining may
telephone 2-8320 for further in
formation. Regular meeting date sched
ules have not been set
Six Die in Crash
Brisbane, Australia CJ.R)
A Royal Australian Air Force
bomber on a mercy mission
crashed into a mountainside Sat
urday, killing all six persons
aboard, including a newborn
baby being rushed to a hospital.
The Lincoln bomber was car
rying two-day-old Anna Huxley,
suffering from a rare blood di
sease, and her nurse from Towns
ville to Brisbane for urgent
biood transfusions.
Rescuers found the bodies of
all four crewmen and the two
passengers in a rugged moun
tainous area in New South
Wales, some 100 milei south
west of here.
Chicago (U.R) Adlal E.
Stevenson will outline his ideas
on the current Formosan crisis
when he delivers a major address
here Monday night.
It will be Stevenson's first
major address since last Decem
ber, and will be broadcast from
10 to 10:30 p. m. EST over the
Columbia Broadcasting System.
'fa G&
IS
BEWARE
or
UXTATUHtS
LOOK
FO THI
HAPPY
LITTLE DOG
Sunday, April 10, 195S
MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNENINE
Senators Hear Call for World
Disarmament bv Revision of UN
San Francisc(j (U.R) A steady
stream of speakers appeared be
fore two members of the Senate
Foreign Relations Subcommittee
here Saturday and unanimously
called for a revision of the Unit
ed Nations charter that would
provide world disarmament and
curb world aggression.
The subcommittee, represent
ed by Sen. John Sparkman (D
Ala.) and William F. Knowland,
senior Republican senator from
California, conducted a public
hearing, one of a series being
held throughout the nation, to
obtain "grass roots" opinions on
revision of the 1945 United Na
tions charter. The subcommittee
is permanently headed by Sen.
Walter F. George (D-Ga.), who
was absent from Saturday's ses
sion. Almost without exception, wit
nesses, speaking for themselves
or for an interested organiza
tion, expressed the wish for some
method whereby the United Na
tions could enforce world dis
armament, a lack of which they
felt was a major obstacle to
ward world peace.
Suggestions ranged from broad
general desires for a change to
a recommendation from a Los
Angeles man that Russia be ex
pelled from the United Nations
because the "USSR is the only
root of war in the world today."
P. A. Horton, of Los Angeles,
a member of the National Asso
ciation of Sojourners, cited the
growth of communism in the
United States and the world and
felt Russia should be expelled
from the world organization.
Horton's suggestion that Rus
sia be expelled from the United
Nations brought a spontaneous
cascade of applause from the
crowded city hall supervisors'
chambers and Chairman Spak
man had to mildly reprimand
the spectators and other wit
nesses for showing approval or
disapproval.
WEATHER
By United Piess
Northern California: Consid
erable cloudiness northern por
tion with some light rain Cape
Mendocino and Redding north
ward; mostly fair elsewhere.
More than 90 applications
were received from persons
wishing to speak before the com
mittee. After listening to a statement
made by Mrs. Erwin C. Sage,
representing the League of Wo
men Voters, Senator Knowland j
asked her:
"Has your organization dis
cussed whether the Soviet Union
should be allowed to remain in
the UN, or has it presented a
prima facie case for expulsion?"
Mrs. Sage said her group had
not considered this point, add
ing, "The League believes that
any changes which might be
made in the charter should be
limited to those .which would
strengthen the UN's ability to
fulfill its twofold purpose: That
of preventing war, and of pro
moting peace."
The matter of expulsion again
came up following the statement
from Mrs. Mary L. Sisson, of
Berkeley, representing the Wo
men's International Leagut for
Peace and Freedom.
Mrs. Sisson said the Interna-!
tional Court of Justice instead
of force should be used to en
force peace and the disarma
ment of "all nations for secur
ity." Senator Knowland then asked:
"Should any nation not comply
ing with the charter be subject
to expulsion?"
Mrs. Sisson replied: "Nations
can appear and be dealt with
together."
Knowland: "Even nations sup
plying arms to another?"
Better With Russia In
Mrs. Sisson: "We are better
off with Russia in the United
Nations than out."
Other witnesses to appear be
fore the committee included:
Richard F. Scott, Oakland attor
ney and lecturer at the Univer
sity of California; Daniel Del
Monico, Redwood City attorney;
Herbert L. Frank, representing
the East Bay chapter of the At
lantic Union committee; John
A. Bustarude, San Francisco at
torney speaking for the Califor
nia Young Republicans; Mrs. W.
J. Wasserman, Areata housewife;
and Leon Cappell, vice-chairman
of National Foreign Relations
committee of the American Leg
ion.
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