L
U.. Newsmen Find EJuss Farm (Production
Lags (Because People IKIave Mo Incentives
(Editor's Note: Marshall
Formby and Robert Dix were
among a group of American
newsmen who have just visited
the Soviet Union while on a
lour of Europe. They have
written their views on some
aspects of the Soviet scene in
the following dispatch written
while in Moscow last April 3.
Formby owns several radio
stations in Texas and Dix is a
Ravenna, Ohio, newspaper
publisher.)
By ROBERT DIX
and
MARSHALL FORMBY
Written For The United Press
Moscow (U.R) If a collect
ive farm manager ever asks you
to tea at his house, be prepared
for a sumptuous banquet.
Our group of American news
paper editors learned this at
first hand when we were taken to
farm manager Ivan Morozov's
house after touring part of his
collective farm in the village of
Vihino, near Moscow.
It was a cold day, for winter
still holds this harsh land in its
grip. The hogs in the barn were
huddled together to keep warm.
Even the cows were lying down.
So when Ivan suggested after our
frigid walk that we have tea, we
readily accepted.
Located in the heart of a rus
tic village of frame and log-cabin
type homes, his house was mod
est but adequate. And the feast
which his wife, Marie, and' their
daughter had prepared for us
consisted of a half dozen differ
ent foods supported with ample
portions of vodka and wine.
Inherited Home
The home was his. He inherit
ed it from his father, he told us.
As manager of this 1,600-acre
farm, he earns in money and
kind about 45,000 rubles a year.
About 600 persons work on
the farm 400 women and 200
men. Each is paid by a compli
cated formula of work days. On
the average, each earns about
2,000 rubles in money and kind..
There are no privately-owned
farms in Russia as we have in
the United States. The independ
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ence of the Russian has ceased to
exist.
The reason so many women
work here is that the menfolk,
in this village close to Moscow,
have jobs in the city. Most po
tatoes, tomatoes and other vege
tables are raised on this farm.
The farm has 290 cows, 600
pigs, 700 hens, 18 trucks and two
automobiles and 78 horses.
Everybody readily admits that
the USSR has an agricultural
problem. To help solve it, the
government adopted an abrupt
change of policy in 1954. It
raised the amount paid to the
farms for their products 12
times.
Ivan has many medals, includ
ing the Order of Lenin for his
Seven News Editors
Back From Behind
Reds' Iron Curtain
New York (U.R) Seven
news editors who spent nearly
two weeks behind the Iron Cur
tain returned to the United
States Saturday.
The group left here Feb. 23 on
a tour organized by James Wick
of the Wick Newspapers, New
York City. They spent four days
in Moscow, two in Warsaw, Po
land, three in Leningrad and two
in Prague Czechoslovakia.
Foresee No War
They said the returned with
the feeling that the countries
behind the Iron Curtain have so
many domestic problems, that
they are not planning to launch
any war.
They found women doing a
great deal of the heavy work, in
cluding street cleaning, foundry
work and other tasks normally
done by men in other countries.
They said they felt more opti
mistic about the chances for
peace since their visit to the
-Communist dominated countries
Seventeen other members of
the group remained abroad for
further sightseeing and study,
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Us
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efficient farm management.
Many other workers on the farm
also wear government medals.
Sewage Water
Some of the acres of the farm
are irrigated, he said, with the
water from the sewage disposal
plant to increase their fertility.
They also use a great deal of
chemical fertilizer, he said.
A farm never looks its best on
a cold winter day but the build
ings and equipment which we
saw appeared to be in good con
dition. The cows looked like our
Holsteins and the pigs were big
and healthy.
After the state takes its share,
for which it pays at the rate of
Plan To Give Winnie
U.S. Citizenship Apt
To Prove Troublesome
Washington (U.R) Congres -
sional proposals to grant Sir
Winston Churchill honorary U.
S. citizenship might do more
harm than good, administration
Warning From SEC
Admitted by Helser
In Court Testimony
San Francisco (U.R) J.
Henry Helser, charged by the
government with fraud and mis
management of client funds by
his investment firm, admitted in
Federal Court Friday he had
been warned by the Securities
and Exchange Commission as
early as 1950 the company was
under investigation.
The government tried to prove
that Helser wrote a letter to cli
ents after the government
brought its charges last fall,
which said:
"At no time until now has the
Securities and Exchange Com
mission indicated that we are
operating in any way contrary
to their rules and regulations."
Admits Letter
Helser admitted under ques
tioning that he wrote the letter,
but said he retracted it as soon
as his attorneys pointed out that
the SEC had, in 1950, called his
attention to possible "fraud and
deceit" by his firm.
It was a hot time for Helser
Friday. Under prodding by As
sistant U.S. Attorney Frank E.
Kennamer Jr., he admitted that
at one time his investment com
pany kept seriously impaired ac
counts in a 'hospital" file.
Helser said the company no
longer keeps a file of sick ac
counts but that the accounts are
still segregated.
The "hospital" file was intro
duced as evidence by Kennamer
Friday.
Read From Manual
He read from a Helser basic
policy manual which said all ac
counts having special problems
should go into the file, including
those in which a client's equity
was impaired.
Kennamer then introduced
note from the record sheet which
indicated that the account of
Mrs. Fannie Marmette suffered
a large decline and "needed more
help."
Another notation on Mrs.
Louise Algood read, "Please
place this in your hospital file.
The account it under water by
$2576."
The SEC hat asked Federal
Judge Louis E. Goodman to Is
sue a permanent Injunction
against the company.
The hearing was recessed
early for Good Friday and will
continue Monday.
Samuel Brannan announced
the discovery of gold at Coloma
in San Francisco on March 15,
1848.
FEED NOW nth
IN THE WEST ITS SsSOL
d7
I 75 per cent of the going price,
the farm can sell the rest "of its
produce to cooperatives. And
the farmers can sell what they
receive in kind on the free mar
ket, which they do.
Typically old-Russians, the
homes in the area had a sort of
back - mountain - country look.
Many had earth packed up
around the sides to keep out the
always formidable Russian win
ter. The food production per man
is very low compared to our
standards, mostly because gov
ernment ownership and control
has taken away the incentive
for once-independent farmers.
, off icials said Saturday.
They were far from opposed
to the idea of this nation's show
ing its appreciation for Church
ill's services to the free world
during his long career. But there
were definite misgivings about
risking legislative debates and
a possible legal inquiry by the
Supreme Court into the consti
tutionality of any move to give
Churchill citizenship.
"What everybody has in mind
is something like giving Church
ill the keys to the city on a
gradiose scale," one informant
said. "That would be safer than
the citizenship move. It would be
too bad to start a big controver
sy that could wind up embarras
sing Churchill."
Plan Legislation
Sen. George A. Smathers (D
Fla.) and Rep. Hale Boggs fD-La.)
have announced plans to intro
duce legislation to grant the
former British prime minister
honorary citizenship.
The Library of Congress has
no record of any previous con
gressional action to grant honor
ary citizenship to a foreigner.
The State Department, offi
cials said, isn't taking any initia
tive one way or the other on the
citizenship - for- Churchill cam
paign. No Precedent
If the questioners say that a
precedent was set in the ,case of
the Marquis De LaFayette, they
are told they are wrong. It is
pointed out that" the French
herp, who fought on the side of
the colonies during the Revolu
tionary War, became a citizen
when the Constitution was adopt
ed. This happened only because
Maryland and Virginia previous
ly had voted LaFayette state
citizenship. When the two states
entered the union under the Con
stitution LaFayette automatical
ly became a U.S. citizen. But the
Congress never voted him citi
zenship of any kind.
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MENTIONED as possible ohoice
for foreign minister succeeding
Sir Anthony Eden, Britain's new
prime minister is Harold Mac
Millan (above), present defense
minister. (International)
NO NAME
Columbia City, Ind. (U.R)
This city lost its identification
overnight. For unknown reasons,
seven signs bearing the citv's
name and population were stolen
trom highways leading into the
city.
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Sunday. April 10, 1955
Latest Nike Defenses for
Portland Seen by Norblad
Portland (U.R) Rep. Walter
Norblad (R-Ore) said Saturday
he belived Portland would be
given the latest in Nike air de
fense missiles after high priority
cities received them.
New Umatilla Toll
Bridge Set To Open
Umatilla, Ore. (U.R) A new
toll bridge, slightly more than
a half mile long, will go into
use here April 15, replacing the
Umatilla ferry across the Colum
bia river between Oregon and
Washington.
Govs. Paul Patterson of Ore
gon and Arthur B. Langlie of
Washington sre scheduled to
speak at the day-long dedication
activities.
The bridge was constructed
with money raised through the
sale of bonds, which will be re
paid in about 27 years from tolls
collected on the bridge.
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Norblad, who attended an
atomic test in Nevada, said he
has asked the secretary of the
Army to establish the Nike
missies in the Portland area.
Sites would not have to be in
valuable property areas, he said.
Undeveloped areas and marginal
regions around the city could
be used.
The latest Nike anti-aircraft
weapon can reach planes 200
miles away, Norblad said.
Returned to Medford
Dr. ROBT. E. LEE, Optometrist
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Norblad, a member of the
House Military Affairs Commit
tee, also said guided missile de
velopment was rapidly progress
ing. He said that by 1960 guided
missies will have reached the
point where one could be fired
from Portland, Me., and hit Mos
cow in 30 minutes with only a
maximum of a 40-mile error.
Kearney, Neb. (U.R) Sheriff
Wilbur Gewecke was ordered to
serve a subpoena recently but
found he didn't have far to go.
The sheriff served the paper on
himself, as a party in a civil
lawsuit.
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