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Rebellious Convicts
Hold Two Hostages
In Nebraska Prison
Rules Improvement
Demanded in Trade
- Lincoln. Neb. (U.R) Nine re
bellious convicts held two guards
hostage in the Nebraska peni
tentiary today, and said they
would release them only in trade
or "improvement" in some
prison rules.
- But Gov. Victor Anderson,
personally directing dealings
with the rebels who seized two
guards more than 24 hours ago,
aaid there would be "no com
promise until the guards are re
leased unharmed."
The rebels were armed with
knives.
The governor termed the con
ditions, lowered by a rope to the
ground from the small prison
maximum detention building, as
"reasonable." He promised a
"personal fair and impartial in
vestigation of all charges and
complaints."
Demand Improvements
The prisoners' note demanded
nine "improvements" in their
treatment in the segregation
area of the prison. They are in
the special building because of
violation of prison rules.
Their requests included a "def
inite segregation sentence," in
itead of unlimited terms in the
ward; three hot meals daily,
acknowledgement of interviews,
and "proper medical attention."
The note also asked Anderson
for "no reprisals."
Lack of electric power cut off
the radio which the men had
used to listen to-news reports.
Anderson had placed a rigid cen
sorship on all news about the
situation on grounds the con
victs might become aroused by
hearing news stories of the re
bellion. Earlier today, the prisoners
expelled three fellow convicts
as "dead weight."
Oregon Accidents
Claim 11 Lives
By UNITED PRESS
A variety of accidents claimed
at least 11 lives in Oregon dur
ing the week end. Six died in
plane crashes, four drowned and
one was killed in an automobile
accident.
The biggest single tragedy was
the crash of a Pan-American
Stratocruiser in the Pacific off
Cape Arago Saturday. Four of
the 23 passengers and crew were
killed.
Two Prineville youths, Ralph
Loveland and Ronald Rounds,
were killed when their light
plane crashed near Prineville
Saturday.
Frances Richards, 11, and
Geneva Ogden, 12, both of Loon
Lake, Ore., drowned Saturday
when they fell from a log into a
Twind. Henry O. Kihs. 57, con
struction company superintend
ent, drowned Saturday when his
car plunged off the Smith river
road and into the water. Ten-year-old
Joyce Ann Clark of
Portland drowned Sat urday
when she slipped and fell into a
muddy excavation containing
about six feet of water.
Mrs. Estelle Sherman died in
a Eugene hospital Monday of in
juries suffered in an automobile
accident near Blue River on the
McKenzie highway Sunday
night.
: Spring Here Too
'Little, Too Late
Br UNITED PRESS
Spring finally cam up with
. soma warm weather today, but
it was too little and too late.
The season's first disastrous
'week had claimed more than
70 lives and more than $50,
; 000.000 in crop loses.
The savage young season
"still held parts of New Eng
. land in a wintry grip following
' a mammoth snow which piled
drifts 12 feet high in upper
' New York state, blocked roads.
and stranded scores of motor?
is Is and skiers.
In the southland, warming
' r-sather came too late to save
rs alii - million dollar fruit
crops.
Temperatures rose five to
12 degrees in the East and
jumped even higher in the
storm battered Great Plains.
But it was still below freezing
as far south as the northern
portion of tb gull states. -
MEDFORD, OREGON, MONDAY, MARCH 28, 1955
PRELUDE TO RIOT Students carry signs
reading, -'The Country Says Not," as they
parade in Louvain, Belgium, in demonstra-'
tion against proposed government cuts of $10,
000,000 in aid to parochial schools. Thirty
Final Snow Survey
Of Winters Season
Scheduled Shortly
Preparations were being made
today for the final wintertime
snow survey in this area. Results
of the survey will give Jackson
county farmers and orchardists
a good indication of how much
irrigation water will be available
to them during the coming sum
mer.
The results of the survey, and
forecasts of the amount of water
to be available, will be an
nounced April 4 at a regional
meeting in Grants Pass.
Six agencies in Jackson coun
ty are taking part in the snow
surveys. They are the Forest
Service, the National Park Serv
ice, California Oregon Power
company, and the Medford,
Rogue River, and Talent Irriga
tion districts.
Rogue River National forest
checks two stations in the Apple
gate area Crater Lake National
park checks a course near Park
Headquarters and one near An
nie Spring; Talent district
checks two stations east of Ash
land; Medford district takes sur
veys at Fish lake and at snow
courses at Four Mile and Billy
Creek.
The Copco reports cover the
largest area, with 10 in the
Klamath region, two at stations
on the North Umpqua river, and
two at stations on the Rogue
river above Prospect. Copco sub
mits two reports a month to the
Soil Conservation service in
Portland, while most other agen
cies report only once a month.
Carbon Monoxide
Said Death Cause
Mrs. Ruth Smart Pope, 45,
was found dead this morning at
her home at 2651 Table Rock
rd., according to state police and
Coroner Carlos Morris.
Her body was found by her
husband, Lloyd S. Pope, in a car
with the motor running in a
closed garage. Carbon monoxide
poisoning was believed to be the
cause of death, and Mrs. Pope
evidently took her own life, ac
cording to the. coroner.
Morris said Mrs. Pope report
edly had been despondent and
in ill health for some time.
Funeral services for Mrs. Pope
are pending at Conger - Morris
funeral home. Mr. and Mrs. Pope
had no children.
Italian Premier Here
For High-Level Talks
"Washington (U.R) Italian
Premier Mario Scelba today op
ened an official three-day visit
with conferences with President
Eisenhower and Secretary of
State John Foster Dulles on the
Atlantic alliance and proposed
big power talks with Russia.
Vice - President Richard M,
Nixon and other high officials
greeted Scelba when he arrived
late at National Airport Sunday
from Otawa after his plane buf
fered winds up to 75-miles-an-
hour enroute.
Scelba was to call on Dulles
for an hour's conference with
the Secretary of State prior to
a lunch in his and Signora Scel
ba's honor by President and Mrs.
i Eisenhower. - -
united
Congressional Action
Covers Many Subjects
By UNITED PRESS
Here is a roundup of news
made today in Congress:
Trade: Sen. Harry F. Byrd (D.
Va.) regarded as sympathetic to
President Eisenhower's foreign
trade bill, has warned the White
House and other administration
officials that the bill needs help.
As chairman of the Senate Fi
nance committee, Byrd must
manage whatever version of the
reciprocal trade measure that
emerges from his committee.
--Aidr Foreign Operations Ad-j
ministration Chief Harold E.
Stassen asked the Senate Appro
priations committee today to
vote $8,000,000 to pay for this
country's share of the U.N. tech
nical aid program. He said that
because of the program in the
past, the free world is now "bet
ter fed than at any time in this
century." Henry Cabot Lodge,
ambassador to the United Na
tions, warned that if the United
States fails to support the pro
gram it would leave that field
open to the Soviet Union.
Agriculture: Agriculture Sec
retary Ezra T. Benson was the
chief target today as House Re
publicans and Democrats opened
debate on the $878,625,391 asked
to run the Agriculture depart
ment next year.
Roads: Sen. Francis Case (R.
S.D.) who co-sponsored Presi
dent Eisenhowers $101,000,000,
000 road building program, said
today he would introduce a sub
stitute for the bill. His action ap
peared to have killed the slim
chance that Congress would ap
prove the administration meas
ure. Gasoline: Congress started an
investigation into complaints
that service station operators are
being coerced by big oil compan
ies into carrying only certain
lines of auto accessories.
Smith: Sen. Margaret Chase
Smith (R.-Me.) back from a
round-the-world trip to 13 capi
tals, said she was convinced the
free world "is slowly gaining
strength in its struggle against
the Communist threat.
Moreen, France (U.R) . A
French-built electric locomotive
set a new world's record when
it reached a speed of 198.8 miles
an hour on a stretch of -track
south of Bordeaux today.
Conservative GOP Starting
Renomination of President
Chicago (U.R) President
Eisenhower faces a personal
challenge as a drive got under
way to dump him at the 1956
presidential convention in favor
of GOP "conservatives." .
The drive, in the form of a
series of state seminars, was an
nounced yesterday by Edgar C.
Bundy, president of the Abra
ham Lincoln National Republi
can club.
The club has mailed 2,000,000
blanks for membership through
out the country, Bundy said. He
said the club now has about
1,200 members in 25 states.
Bundy, a former Air Force
intelligence captain and support
er of Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy
(R-Wis.), said "this is not a third
party movement at all."
"It is a fighting force," he
said, "a spearhead to return con
trol of the Republican party to
conservative. And. w bppc to
Tribune
Press Full leased Wire
Price 5c
No. 6
thousand marching Catholics defied anti-demonstration
decree and locked in running street
battle with the police who mounted a cavalry
charge and opened up with fire hoses to put
down the mass disorder.
Yalta: Sen. John J. Sparkman
(D.-Ala.) predicted the adminis
tration would never repudiate
the Yalta agreements. But Sen.
Karl E. Mundt (R.-S.D.) describ
ed the Yalta conference as the
"greatest, diplomatic blunder in
American history."
Veterans: Chairman Olin E.
Teague (D.-Tex.) of -the House
Veterans committee rejected
nine of the 11 recommendations
of the Hoover commission for
changes in veterans medical care
anchbeoefitsitHe'said all but two
unworkable ror unfair to ex
servicemen. First of House Tax
Proposals Passed,
Sent to Senators
Salem (U.R) The first of the
major revenue bills in the Legis
lature's tax program won over
whelming approval in the House
today and were sent to the Sen
ate.
Departing from calendar order
to consider the tax program to
gether, the House voted to im
pose a corporate income tax on
corporations dealing in interstate
commerce and now exempted
from the state's corporation ex
cise tax.
Also approved was a bill elim
inating the exemption from
taxes' now enjoyed by real estate
firms and utility corporations.
At Full Rate
So-called skyscraper firms
which derive most of their h
come from property rentals
would be taxed at the full cor
poration excise tax rate of 8 per
cent. Utilities would be taxed at
a 4 per cent rate.
Rep. Loren Stewart (R.-Cot
tage Grove) chairman of the Tax
committee, said the 4 per cent
rate was adopted because the
full corporate rate would impose
a financial loss amounting to
$3,900,000 at the county level
the first year of the new law's
operation. He said the committee
felt the shock to the counties
should be cushioned with the
lower rate at the outset.
gain control of the National Con
vention at San Francisco next
year."
He called the movement "the
first major break in Republican
ranks between Eisenhower lib
erals and the so-called conserva
tive wing of the party."
Bundy said he expected sup
port from SensJ McCarthy, Wil
liam F. Knowland (Calif), John
W. Bricker (Ohio), William E.
Jenner (Ind.), Styles Bridges (N.
H.) and Herman Welker, (Idaho).
He said the seminars are
scheduled to stir up interest and
will feature prominent Republi
cans as speakers.
The speakers will include Gov.
J. Bracken Lee of Utah, Sen.
George W. Malone (Nev.), and
former Congressman Kit Clardy
of Michigan, he said.
Washington (U.R) Anti
Eicenhower Republican! secvod
Weather
FORECAST: Generally cloudy
with occasional rain through
Tuesday. MUd temperatures.
Low tonight 40. High Tues
day 58.
Temp.
Highest yesterday 63
Lowest this morning . 43
Free.
To 10 a.m. today 50
Far Eastern Policy
Debate Engages
Leaders' Attention
'Irresponsible Talk'
Cited by Demo Chief
Washington U.R) Senate
Democratic Leader Lyndon B.
Johnson today accused Senate
Republican leaders of putting
pressure on President Eisenhow
er and indulging in "irresponsi
ble talk" in the Far East crisis.
Johnson also told reporters he
is optimistic about the prospects
Pittsburgh (U.R) Sen.
Wayne Morse (D-Ore.) declar
ed here last night that the
United States should defend
Formosa "to the hilt." but he
warned against trying to de
fend Quemoy and the Matsus.
He said the United States
should "defend Formosa to the
hilt until the United Nations
exercises jurisdiction over the
sovereignly of Formosa." He
said this country has the
"duty" to fight for the island
because the Japanese peace
treaty did not settle the For
mosan question.
Morse warned that a de
fense of Quemoy and the Mat
sus would cause all Asians to
look upon the United Slates
as an aggressor. And he as
serted that the use of atomic
weapons would destroy our
reputation in Asia for "5,000
years.;'
of developing a "positive" for
eign policy program when Mr.
Eisenhower and congressional
leaders confer at the White
House this week.
Meanwhile, administration of
ficials said that Mr. Eisenhower
is being urged 'to consider stiff
U.S. retaliation if the Chinese
Reds make an all out assault on
Quemoy and the Matsus.
These officials indicated clear
ly that some top defense and dip
lomatic leaders believe a major
Red strike at the offshore islands
undoubtedly would be a step to
wards a later stab at Formosa.
The dangers of an early Chi
nese Communist attack on the
Quemoy and Matsu islands are
scheduled for top consideration
at President Eisenhower's White
House meetings with congres
sional leaders Wednesday and
Thursday.
Secretary of State John Foster
Dulles, Adm. Arthur W. Rad
ford, chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff, and Adm. Robert
B. Carney, chief of naval opera
tions, were reported in the fore
front of those who favor a stiffer
American attitude toward Red
China. These three men have
visited recently in the Far East
and Southeast Asia.
Washington (U.R) Sen. Jo
seph R. McCarthy demanded to
day that President Eisenhower
say publicly and immediately
whether the United States will
defend the Quemoy and Matsu
islands. The Wisconsin Republi
can charged that the President
"is deliberately inviting what
may be an unnecessary war" by
not making known the adminis
tration's intentions on the islands
off the Red China coast.
DOW-JONES AVERAGES
New York U.R) Dow-Jones
final stock averages: 30 indus
trials 412.91 off 1.86; 20 rail
roads 150.79 up 0.53; 15 utilities
63.94 off 0.27, and 65 stocks
154.09 off 0.34. Sales today held
unchanged from Friday at 2,-
540,000 shares.
Drive Against
Eisenhower
notice that they will attempt "to
return control of the GOP to
the conservatives," Leonard W.
Hall, GOP national chairman,
who said he assumes Mr. Eisen
hower will be the 1956 Repub
lican presidential candidate. He
released the names of key "We
Like Ike" convention commit
tee appointments Sunday night.
Hall picked Gov. Theodore F.
McKeldin of Maryland to head
the powerful rules committee
McKeldin nominated Mr. Eisen
hower at the, 1952 GOP conven
tion in Chicago,
Albert K. Mitchell, GOP com
mitteeman from New Mexico,
was named to a committee by
Mr. Eisenhower to draw up the
administration's farm policy.
William W. Spear, Nebraska
GOP chairman, was picked as
chairman of the committee on
call. Hall himself will head the
eommitte on arrangement.
John Marshall Harlan
Becomes 89th Justice
Of U.S. High Court
Washington (U.R) John Marshall Harlan, distinguished New
York attorney and former judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals, took
his oath of office today as an associate justice of the Supreme
Court.
The solemn swearing-in ceremony in. the Court Chamber gave
the high tribunal a full complement of nine justices for the first
time since last October.
The judicial oath, in which Harlan promised to administer jus
tice "faithfully and impartially," was administered by Court Clerk
Harold B. Willey. Earlier, in a private ceremony in the Justices'
Conference room, Chief Justice Earl Warren had administered the
constitutional oath which is common to all federal office holders.
Harlan, whose grandfather nearly 60 years ago was the only
Supreme Court justice to dissent from a Supreme Court decision
upholding the separate but equal doctrine of racial segregation,
took his place on the bench in time to take part in the forthcom
ing hearings on enforcing the court's historic decision last year
outlawing segregation in public schools. .
Harlan, the 89th man to serve on the nation's highest tribunal,
succeeded Justice Robert H. Jackson, who died last October.
'Separate But Equal' Doctrine Struck Down
He arrived on the court before it had put into effects its order
banning segregation in the public schools. That decision, announc
ed last May, struck down the time-honored "separate but equal
doctrine for segregating . the white and Negro races.
In 1896, Harlan's grandfather also named John Marshall
was the only- justice to oppose a decision that "separate but equal"
facilities on railroad cars for Negroes are constitutional. The elder
Justice Harlan said "our Constitution is color blind, and neither
knows nor tolerates classes among
In two weeks, the full, nine-man bench will hear arguments on
how and when the states should carry out the decision. It may
issue a decree as early as this ipring. The arguments had been
postponed until Jackson's successor could take his seat.
Harlan is the third Republican on the Supreme Court. He is
the next to youngest justice. MrWarren and Harold H. Burton,
appointed by former President Truman in 1945, are the other Re
publicans. Justice Tom C. Clark is a Xew months younger than
Harlan.
The new justice's background
he will take on the court. Jackson's death cut the so-called liberal
bloc to two justices, William O. Douglas and Hugo L. Black. It
appeared likely that Harlan, a life-long Republican, will take a
more conservative position.
Checkon O&C Roads
dispute Scheduled
By A. ROBERT SMITH
Mail Tribune Correspondent
Washington The Senate In
terior committee is sending a
staff investigator to Oregon with
in the next week or two to look
into the ;. mounting - debate- be
tween Targe and small timber op
erators over O&C right-of-way
road regulations.
This is the latest move in a
series of developments touched
off earlier this year when the
O&C Advisory Board, composed
of Oregon citizens and headed
by ex-Gov. Charles A. Sprague
of Salem, adopted a new set of
regulations and submitted them
to the Bureau of Land Manage
ment. The regulations pertain
to the conditions under which
loggers can obtain access to fed
eral O&C limber when it is nec
essary to cross intermingling pri-
Diem Paratroopers
Seize Prefecture
Saigon, Indochina (U.R) Par
atroopers loyal to pro-American
Premier Ngo Dinh Diem seized
Saigon's police prefecture from
policemen of a rebellious relig
ious sect in a bloodless blitz to
day. '
Ousted police belonging to the
Binh Xuyen sect of former river
pirates withdrew without resist
ance when Diem's troops rolled
up to the building with tanks in
another phase of the premier's
crackdown on rebels.
The so-far bloodless operation
was carried out by a company
of tank-led South Vietnamese
paratroops brought to Saigon by
Diem to reinforce th capital
garrison ' against a threatened
uprising by the Binh Xuyen,
Cao Dai and Hoa Hao religious
sects.
The sects' "united front" was
coming apart. Informed sources
reported sharp disagreements
among the war lords of the three
sects as to whether to seek an
open showdown with Diem.
Rainfall Here Heaviest
Since Early January
Heaviest rainfall in the Med
ford vicinity since early Janu
ary was reported yesterday aft
ernoon and this morning.
Medford office of the weather
bureau reported a total of .5 of
an inch in the 24 hours up until
10 a.m. today. Rainfall before
midnight was .32, and .18 ,was
recorded this morning.
Last heavy precipitation here
this year was on Jan. 5 and 6
when about .75 fell. Previous
high total was .72 on December
30. . .
Precipitation was quite gen
eral over the area, the, weather
bureau said. Wet snow fall at
Crater lake had ,56 of an inch
of water content. Twenty-four
hour total at Klamath Falls was
.44 and at Grants Pass it was .38
. The rainfall still did not bring
up to normal the amount of pre
cipitation, for th month,
P
citizens."
gives little clue as to what course
vate and federal timberlands to
reach it. '
Delay Granted
v Although the regulations have
since been revised bv BLM of
ficials here, Secretary of Inter
ior Douglas McKav has acceded
to the request of the Interior
Committee to defer their adop
tion until a review of them can
be made by the committee and
its staff.
William Coburn of the staff
has been interviewing BLM of
ficials here and is scheduled to
go to Oreson to gather further
information from officials in the
field, as well as local timber
operators and others involved in
the disDute. The Senate commit
tee looked into the question at
the request of Sen. Richard Jb.
Neubereer (D-Ore.). who said he
is against revising the existing
road regulations, which he said
had been beneficial and had im
proved competition among oper
ators buying O&C timber.
Neuberger Objects
Neubereer said he objected
to the new regulations after re
ceiving complaints about them
from many small loggers. Op
position to the proposal has been
led by Western Forest Industries
association.
Meanwhile, as the Senate com
mittee is studying the issue, the
BLM regional office at Portland
is currently making a further
studv of the experience BLM nas
had over the last five years in
making access road contracts
with Oregon operators.
This review was asked by R.
T. Titus, executive secretary of
the WFIA and a member of the
O&C Advisory Board, snd also
by request of Sprague, chair
man of the O&C board.
Meeting Cancelled
Sprague, here in Washington,
D. C, on other business, said
he expected no further action
would be taken on the regula
tion question until the Portland
study has been completed and
made public. He said the board
cancelled a scheduled March 16
meeting in order to allow for
the continued study of the prob
lem before it was taken up
a pain
The board adopted the regu
lations Jan. 6 by an 8-4 vote.
After being reworked by BLM
officials here, they were return
ed to the board for review
Feb. 4.
BPA Announces Cut .
In Interruptible Power
Portland U.R) Bonneville
Power administration announced
today that the cut in interrupti
ble power service to 14 Pacific
Northwest industrial plants
would be stepped up immediate
ly from 50 to 75 per cent.
Bonneville said the interrupt
ible power would be cut off en
tirely from 6 a.m. to midnight
daily. The 25 per cent available
will be delivered to the plants
from midnight to 6 ajn. The
Bonneville announcement said
there has been no improvement
in water runoff and all resources
are needed to meet firm power
commitments.
French Ratification
Of German Arming
Assists Position
Officials 'Startled'
By Soviet's Switch
London (U.R) The West- -ern
powers moved closer to a
Big Four conference with the:
Soviet today, convinced that Rus
sia must show now whether it
is ready to ease world tension
or intensify the biggest arms '
buildup in history.
French ratification of the Paris
accords to rearm West Germany
strengthened the Western posi
tion immeasurably, despite Sov
iet plans to build a satellite
"NATO" and Communist East
Germany's plans to build an
army of its own.
Officials Startled
Western officials were start
led by the Soviet's abrupt change
in policy favoring a Big Four
meeting but were leary of Rus
sian attempts to stall German ,
rearmament with' another "soft"
policy toward Europe.
Before French ratification,
Moscow said approval of the
arms pacts would make another
Big Four conference impossible.
Then, with ratification assured, '
Moscow pulled a switch and Pre
mier Nikolai Bulganin announc
ed he took a "positive attitude"
toward President Eisenhower's
idea of an exploratory Big Four
conference.
Silent on Threats .
Moscow Radio blasted ratifica
tion again today but remained
silent on its pre-ratification
threats to denounce its treaties
of friendship with France and
Britain.
The broadcast, quoting the of
ficial Communist organ Pravda,
followed the same comparative
ly mild tone Moscow has follow
ed since Bulganin's Saturday
statement.
It blamed French Senate ac
tion on "Anglo-American threats
and blackmail," and said "ruling
circles of France prefer to bow
to the dollar instead of defend
ing men nue uauuiiai nuei-,
ests.M
But it steered clear of Mos- .
cow's previous "unswerving" op
inion that-ratmcauon made. Big
Four talks impossible.
A United Press Moscow dis-
patch said diplomatic observers
believed the quick about face
in Soviet policy showed Russia's
real concern at relaxing inter
national tension, particularly the
explosive Formosa situation
which could touch off a major
war.
But some Western officials
considered that French ratifica
tion had called a Soviet bluff
that Russia now might forget
its threats.
London (U.R) Foreign
Secretary Anthony Eden said to
day that the United States, Brit-
tain and France have opened
consultations on "methods by
which we can now go ahead"
with a four-power conference
with Russia..
Eden told the House of Com
mons that in view of France's
ratification of German rearma
ment "we shall now be able to
follow" the promised procedure
of setting up talks with the Sov
iet Union.
"We are already in consulta
tion with our Allies as to the
methods by which we can now
go ahead," Eden said.
He said the procedure perhaps
would be to start out with low
level meetings of officials to
chart plans, and then move on
to a meeting "at foreign minis
ters' level" and "other levels
if all goes well."
GAO Says Highway
Plan Is 'Unsound'
Washington (U.R) The
General Accounting office said
today that the administration's
proposed manner of financing its
multi-billion dollar road building
program is unsound.
Comptroller General Joseph
Campbell reported to a Senate
Public Works subcommittee that
the administration's proposal,
also is of questionable legality.
'Campbell, who was only re
cently confirmed as comptroller
general, centered his objections
on the administration's proposal
to create a federal highway cor
poration. The corporation would
be authorized to issue $21,000,
000,000 in bonds to pay for con
struction of interstate highways.
"We feel that the proposed
method of financing is objection
able because the result would be
that the borrowings would not
be included in the public debt
obligations of the United States"
Campbell said.
Las Vegas (U.R) The Atomic
Energy Commission today re
scehduled its "g r a n d da d d y"
atomic shot for before dawn to
morrow at . 4:55 a.m. PST and
planned an alternate air drop
if weather conditions prevent
the big on. y .