)
Bulk off March of Dimes Money
Assists Patients, Report Shovs
New York Sixty-nine cento
out of every March of Dimes dol
lar used in the fight against polio
goes for the treatment of chil
dren and adults stricken with the
disease.
This was revealed today In
the 15th Annual Report of the
National Foundation for Infan
tile Paralysis which traced
scientific progress toward a polio
vaccine against a background of
the worst epidemic of infantile
paralysis In the nation's history.
While scientists were consoli
dating their gains in 1952 the
report for the year ended last
Dec. 31 pointed out the National
Foundation was spending almost
$25,000,000 for treatment of 80,
000 persons stricken with polio
in 1952 and before.
Unpaid Bills for Fifth Tear
This represented an expendi
ture of 69 cents out of every
March of Dimes dollar and left
the organization, at year's end,
with unpaid bills for the fifth
year in a row.
Research and professional edu
cation, meanwhile, used almost
19 cents of the same dollar. The
remaining 12 cents went for
chapter and medical department
services, state office operations,
public information and adminis
tration.
The report told a story of "an
anxious year in the fight against
polio . . . the year of the greatest
threat and the greatest promise."
In a foreword, Basil O'Connor,
president of the National Founda
tion, paid homage to those who
helped make the "promise" pos
sible-
"It is to the volunteer." he
said, "that the nation must pay
tribute for the fight against polio
in the year of the nation's worst
epidemic. To the hundreds of
thousands of selfless men and
women who met that challenge
. . . this report is especially dedi
cated."
Paths Opened
In 1952. the report declared.
-science was beginning to ex
ploit to good advantage the paths
opened by the removal of three
key roadblocks":
No. 1 Before scientists could
hope to produce a vaccine, serum
or drug that would prevent
paralysis, they first had to know
exactly how many different
types of virus they were fight
ing. The National Foundation
undertook the removal of this
roadblock as part of its exten
sive research program. When the
project was completed, investi
gators had identified three sep
arate and distinct types of polio
virus, each capable of causing
paralysis in human beings.
Scientists also determined that
although clinical symptoms
caused by all three virus types
are identical, infection by one
does not result in immunity to
either of the other two. Investi
gators then knew that any future
polio preventive would have to
protect against all three virus
types.
No- 2 Scientists long since
had protected laboratory animals
by stimulating the production of
antibodies in their blood. But in
1952. the relationship of anti
bodies to protection of the body
against paralytic polio was clari
fied through the mass inocula
tion of children with gamma
globulin a blood derivative
containing disease-fighting anti
bodies. This gave substantial sup
port to the theory that protection
against paralytic polio could be
attained by the presence of a
small amount of antibodies in
the blood. Thus vaccination
against polio became a practical
goat
Escape From Monkey Era
No. 3 Elimination of road
block No. 3 marked the escape
of science from the so-called
"monkey era." Experimentation
on animals, with emphasis on the
monkey, not only was tre
mendously expensive and time-
consuming but could not yield
virus in quantities sufficient for
preparation of a polio vaccine
Nor could it produce a virus
pure enough for safety. A whole
new era was born when a March
of Dimes grantee developed a
method for growing all three
types of polio virus in test tubes
containing bits of non-nervous
tissue. "The significance of this
remarkable discovery," the re
port disclosed, "was felt almost
iirmediately throughout the en
tire broad field of virus research.
It gave the green light to studies
long held up by the 'monkey
bottleneck'-" The way was thus
opened for production of large
quantities of sufficiently . pure
virus for experimental vaccine
studies.
Meanwhile, the extent of last
year's record polio epidemic and
its economic effect on the Na
tional Foundation found reflec
tion in the number of states that
required assistance from national
March of Dimes headquarters;
47 states were forced to call for
such help in coping with polio
outbreaks in 1952.
The national total of 57,628
cases reported by the end of 1952
was more than double the an
pual average for the previous
five years. Nineteen states suf
fered their worst polio outbreaks
in history.
Nebraska was hardest hit with
a rate of 170.1 cases per 100,000
population. Then followed South
Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Kan
sas, New Mexico, Wisconsin,
Michigan, Idaho and Kentucky.
California Leads
In numbers of cases, California
led with 4,151 victims, followed
by Minnesota with 4,112; Illinois,
4,015; and Texas, 3,989.
The National Foundation
countered the record epidemic
with 'record shipments of sup
plies: 2,530 respirators, 292 rock
ing beds (used to wean patients
from. iron lungs) and 541 hot
pack machines, used in physical
therapy.
On the personnel front, the
National Foundation Tinanced
the emergency recruitment , in
1952 of 1,463 nurses, 128 physi
cal therapists, 16 medical social
workers and 26 resident physi
cians. The report also revealed that
the National Foundation had
awarded its 3.000th scholarshio
for professional training in 1952.
Of 5,000 qualified physical ther
apists in the nation, it pointed
out. almost 2,000 were trained
with financial support from the
March of Dimes.
It was also announced that de
tailed national statistics on the
care of polio patients were avail
able for the first time last year,
the result of a new service
established by the National
Foundation.
These statistics disclosed that
77.9 per cent of all polio patients
admitted for acute.care were less
than 20 years of age; 22.1 per
cent were 20 or older. Polio hit
comparatively few persons aged
40 or older
. Another survey- reported on
an analysis of 1,113 patients who
had used iron lungs or other
respiratory aids for one month
or longer.
Fifty-four per cent of these
patients were spending 17 to
24 hours daily in their res
pirators; 26 per cent were in
nine to 16 hours a day; and 20
per cent were in one to eight
hours daily. Half of all these
patients were 15 to 29 years of
age.
Dr. Astin Resumes Duties
As Permanent Director of
National Standards Bureau
REINSTATED Dr. Allen V. As
tin is shown back in his office at
the National Burean of Standards
fa Washington, reinstated by Com
merce Secy. Sinclair Weeks. His
ouster last March as director of
the Bureau touched off nationwide
controversy and congressional investigation.
Information Sought
On Brilliant Meteor
Oregon's leading astronomer
has asked for information, con
cerning a brilliant meteor which
was reported over Oregon at
about 8 p.m. Friday.
Dr. J. Hugh Pruitt, extension
astronomer for the University
of Oregon, Eugene, is also Paci
fic regional director of the
American Meteor society, and
as such makes a point of collect
ing data concerning larger
meteors.
The information he needs in
clude the time the meteor was
sighted, in which direction it
was going, its estimated speed
and height, and a description of
its relative brilliance-
A BIT PREMATURE
Danbury, Conn. (U.R) Seven
of 49 calves were killed when a
truck that was carrying them
crashed into a tree. However
their brothers didn't fare any
better. They ended up in the
Danbury slaughter house where
the truck was taking them.
Washington U.B Dr. Allen
V. Astin has resumed permanent
directorship of the National
Bureau of Standards under new
reforms stripping him of some
of his former powers-
In a complete about-face,
Commerce Secretary Sinclair
Weeks announced Friday that he
had dropped his plan to fire
Astin ."because I am convinced
that it is in the best interests
of the bureau and the public'
Forced Resignation
Weeks forced Astin's resigns
tion last spring in a row over
the battery chemical, AD-X2,
but later reinstated him tempo
rarily after scientific groups
raised a storm of protest.
He acknowledged that the per
manent reinstatement is "con
trary to my previous views." But
he said Astin had "expressed his
willingness and desire" to con
tinue as a key official in the new
administration and "as such he
is from here on a member of
my team."
Taking Responsibility
At the same time. Weeks an
nounced that he was assuming
personal responsibility for non
technical aspects of tests on
commercial products, like AD
X2. In the future, he said, the
bureau director's responsibility
would be "limited to the tech
nical area."
Astin, nationally-known sci
entist who helped develop the
proximity fuse of World War II,
said he was "very pleased" at
the secretary's action, and that
he "naturally will .stay for
awhile." There were no strings
attached to his agreement to re
main, he said.
Weeks acted 24 hours after
the Post Office Department can
celled a previous "fraud" order
issued against AD-X2 on the
basis of the bureau's findings
that it was worthless.
TV CAMERAS STOLEN
Hollywood U.R) The Amer
ican Broadcasting Company re
ported an 85-pound television
camera stolen from its Holly
wood TV studios. Engineer Mar
vin Headrick said the camera
cost $8,000. But in order to oper
ate the camera $80,000 worth of
additional equipment is neces
sary. . .
WEATHER
By United Press
Northern California: Fair to
day, tonight and Tuesday except
showers extreme northern
mountains.
did you know?
That for Value, Service, Quality and Satisfaction yon are
invited to bring your prescript ions to Mc La ill's, your
Professional Pharmacy.
Prescriptions delivered free within city limits
or immediate vicinity at any time and promptly
McLain's Drug Centre
trophy Bldg. No. 8 North Central Ave.
Mehrin Peterson, Reg. Ph., Manager
Richard Shem!!, Reg. Ph.-Wayne Mack, Reg. Ph., Prop.
Phone 2-7113 Open daily from
Night Emergency , r 8:30 a.m. to .
Phone 2-2701 or Ad AQ 10:3 "
2-8330 or (ul(gL Sundays and
2-7305 eJ-TI noiioays.
1 0 a.m. to 10 p.m.
3 iLT-
HOT DOG Telephone company
worker Jo Feeney cools her ach
ing feet in front of telephone office
in downtown Dallas, Tex. Her
onion, Communications Workers
at America, is getting, set for
what may be their longest walk
out for higher wages.
STORK TOO FAST
Toronto, Ont. -U.R) Police
chased a truck at 90-mile-an
hour speeds until it crashed into
a ditch. Mrs. Peter Dryiw
crawled unhurt from the wreck
age. She said she had been
hurrying to the hospital to have
a baby. Police put her and her
husband into their patrol car
and headed again for the hos
pital. But the stork delivered the
baby before they arrived.
Monday. Angus! 24, 1153
MESFORD rORECOm MAIL TBIBUHS TRREZ
Back Stairs: BrovneH Stranger
By MERRtMAlf SMITH
United Press Correspondent
Denver (U.PJ Backstairs at
the summer White House:
Attorney General Herbert
Brownell Jr. finished his confer
ence with President Eisenhower,
at Lowry Air Force Base here
last week and called the Air
Force motor pool for a car to
take him to his plane.
'Brownell?" asked the careful
airman at the other end of the
telephone. "Is he a brigadier or
a major general?" , -
"If I had any sense, I wouldn't
turn my back on those bushes."
This from the President after
snarling a dry fly line in the
streamside undergrowth at Bal
Swan's ranch . outside Pince,
Colo. This was his only tangle
in several hours of casting and
in a relatively narrow stream.
Outside the President's Lowry
Field offices is a sign-in register
where Air Force officers report
for temporary duty.
White House staff member
had quite a start the other day
when they looked at the register
and saw that . 'Truman" was on
hand.
Turned out to be Capt. Simon
Truman on a five-day mission
from Ft. Riley, Kan.
DIDN'T WANT TO CO
Philadelphia (U.R) Clay
Brook, 31, was in custody today
because he was picked up in con
nection with a case he knew
nothing about. Brook broke the
wrists of both policemen who
sought to question him and then
I bit one of them.
Mr. Eisenhower thinks that
deep sea fishing is fine for those
who like it But he doesnt And
why? Not enough scenery.
He thinks that tracking trout
through a mountain stream beats
the tar out of sitting in the stern
of a bobbing deep sea cruiser.
"Up here," he said the other
day in the mountains, "if the
trout aren't biting, you can look
up at these majestic mountains
and it makes you want to take
a picture or paint a picture."
He is itching to get his paint
ing kit out and go to work on
the snowcapped mountains ring
ing the ranch at Frazer.
About 70 per cent of the milk
produced in the U.S. is used
for the manufacture of various
dairy products. .
See for yourself why CAMELS
load all other brands! "
- .Vkttlfi ClCARm5
3TU w9
4th S
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I. M
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