4 Rice Said Key To Success
In Indonesia War on Reds
Editor'i Note: Following it
the third and final dispatch in
the series dealing with th
three great prizes in the ilrug
gle between East and West,
India, Iran and Indonesia.
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By PHIL NEWSOM
United Press Foreign Analyst
Rice is the key to the success
or failure of the war against
Communism in Indonesia.
As In India
and Iran, other
great prizes In
the world
struggle be
tween the
d e m o c racies
and Commu
nism, Commu
nist successes
there are bred
on hunger. In
Indonesia, as in
other nations
of the Orient,
the key to existence is rice.
For the Westerner, whose
chief knowledge of the East In-
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BACKS ESTES Senator Paul H.
Douglas, a "Northern liberal,"
indorses Senator Estes Kefauver
for the presidency at a Wash
ington, D. C, news conference.
Douglas said the people are for
Kefauver.
dies comes from pictures of lush
Balinese beauties surrounded by
tropic splendor, It is difficult to
think of the fabulous Indies in
terms of poverty.
Particularly so since Indone
sia is one of the world's richest
countries in natural resources,
including vast supplies of tin, oil
and coal, along with copper, gold
and silver.
.Chaotic War Years
However, in the family of na
tions, Indonesia is new, having
gained independence from The
Netherlands only in 1949. Prior
to that time there had been
years of chaotic wartime occu
pation under the Japanese.
So an inexperienced govern
ment has had to wrestle with the
administration of a nation com
prising more than 3,000 islands
spread over some 735,000 square
miles and inhabited by people'
speaking 17 languages and near
ly 200 dialects.
Internal communications are
sketchy and the Indonesians
realize they must Improve se
curity conditions before they
can hope to attract foreign cap-
g&dy
'air
ill 11
in HlffiStpOrtifci-."
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The House of Finer Shoes
Congressional Quiz
Queiuont and Aniwera on What
Goes on at tha Capital. Furnished
by Cons resslonal Quarterly New!
Featurea.
Q. How big a share of de
fense contracts have been going
to small business?
A. In the 19 months follow
ing the start of the Korean war
July, 1950, through January,
1952 small business has receiv
ed 20 per cent of the value of
all "prime," or direct, defense
contracts, according to the Mu
nitions board. In addition, small
firms won many subcontracts
from larger companies filling
military orders. The government
defines a "small business"- as
one employing fewer than 500
persons.
Q. Are there many lobbies
for small business?
A At least five were active
in 1951. Those filing financial
reports required under the Fed
eral Regulation of Lobbying Act:
Conference of America Small
Business Organizations, Chicago;
National Federation of Inde
pendent Business, Washington,
D. C; Small Manufacturers
Emergency Committee, Washing
ton; National Associated Busi
nessmen, Washington; and Na
tional Small Business Men's As
sociation, Evanston, 111.
Q Why did Sen. Carl Hayden
ask the Senate to defeat his own
resolution in ihe vole on inves
tigating Sen. Joseph R. McCar
thy? A Hayden (D.-Ariz.) was try
ing to get a vote of confidence
for the subcommittee studying
a proposal to oust McCarthy (R.
Wis.) from the Senate. He did
this by proposing that the Senate
discharge the subcommittee
from its investigation. The 60
senators present April 10 voted
unanimously against the Hayden
resolution, thus in favor of con
tinuing the probe.
Q What's ihe difference be
tween a "union shop" and a
closed shop?"
A Under a union shon agree
ment between labor and manage
ment, employees must join the
union within a snecified time
after they are hired. But in a
closed shop, workers must be
union members before they can
be employed. The 1947 Labor
Management (Taft-Hartley) Act
forbade the closed shop in future
contracts.
Q Have campaigning sena
tors been going on record on
roll-call votes?
A Of the four senators with
announced White House ambi
tions, three fpll helnw th cham.
ber average of 89.8 per cent for
ine iirst tnree months. Their On
ital to help develop their nat
ural resources.
The government of Indonesia
under President Dr. Ahmed Suk
arno has followed a policy often
puzzling to the west.
Middle-of-Road Course
In world affairs, Indonesia has
attempted to follow a middle-of-
the-road course between Com
munist nations and the democra
cies. Internally, the government
has been vigorously anti-Communist.
For example, since last Aug
ust, some 1,200 Communists or
fellow travellers have been ar
rested and about 200 still are be
ing held. The dragnet missed a
man named Alimin, an opium
addict trained by ' Moscow and
Peiping in Communist Ideolo
gies and considered the most ln
flujn'ial of the Indonesian
Commanlst leaders.
At t ie moment; Communist or
left wing supporters hold about
30 seals in the Indonesian Parlia
ment and are not considered a
real threat except for their ob
structionist policies.
Unions Influenced
They have their greatest in
fluence in the trade unions
where it is estimated they can
control an estimated 2,000,000 to
3,000,000 persons. They pose as
ardent nationalists, but their re
lation to Moscow is well known.
Government leaders believe the
Reds have no chance of breaking
down the philosophy of "adat"
which holds to tradition or
custom.
Government officials take the
sensible view they can lick Com
munism by 1 eliminating its
"reason for being" that Is, by
improving the social and econ
omic "structure, which in turn
means the position of rice, its
price and availability to the
people.
for linoleum'"
GLTEG3
Wednesday. April 23. 1952
MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE SEVEN
Waitresses Perform
Midwife Duties; Baby
Said Healthy, Normal
Chicago U.R Two waitress
es served as midwives when a
young housewife collapsed on a
busy street Tuesday and gave
birth to an 8'i-pound baby girl.
Mrs. Vera E. Windle, 21, rush-
The Record percentages, as com
piled by Congressional Quarter
ly, were Estes Kefauver (D.
Tenn.), 67, Robert S. Kerr (D.
Okla.), 33, and Robert A. Taft
(R. Ohio), 79. The fourth, Rich
ard B. Russell (D Ga.), went On
The Record 100 per cent of the
time on roll-call votes.
(Copyright 1952,
Congressional Quarterly)
ed from her home to get help
after she began to suffer severe
pains. She collapsed in front of
a coffee shop and was surround
ed by curious pedestrians.
The waitresses hurried out of
the cafe to help deliver tht
healthy, normal child.
Abner Doubleday, the father
of modern baseball, Is supposed
to have fired the first northern
shot In the Civil War.
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