TWELVE MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE Thunder. Aug. 16, 1945
ARE UNCOVERED
TO PUBLIC EYE
Radio Detection Device
Played Key Part in Victory
Over Axis Countries
By Reuel S. Moor
United Press Staff
Correspondent
Washington, Aug. 16 U.R
The armed services today uncov-
rn1 rmO nt 1hP KftTPtS Of
electronic
eye that history may record as
the Allied margin or victory
Knfh r.orm:inv and Janan.
PnHnr which means "radio
detecting and ranging," Is older
and less spectacular than the
atomic bomb. But It gave tht
Allies victories in the dark hour
when more defeats for our side
might have meant obliteration.
It turned the tide of the battle
of Britain, fending off the razi
blitz.
It won the battle of the Atlan
tic against the German submar-
It made possible the constant
perclsion blasting oi umimn m
ii onnhinH U. S. ships and
planes to hit the Japanese navy
in fog and darkness.
Aids Navigation
In peace, radar will aid air
n H spa navieation, enable
planes to land much more safe
ly in bad weather ana at nigm.
American scientists expect
that its Impact on the electron
ics industry will be "profound
and far-reaching."
Radar is an electronic device
that sends out lightning-fast lm
pulses and then records the elnc
trie reflections that are sent
back when the impulses strike
in their path. These reflections
are translated onto, a screen that
provides a rough "picture" of
land, sea or air.
ci.io nlmlnnns. and prominent
features of the landscape stand
out In this picture.
The radio Impulses send back
their tell-tale infomntion
through fog or darkness. They
probe many miles beyond the
range of man's vision or the ef
fectiveness of aids to sight or
sound.
With radar, U. S. and Brltisl
fighting men were able to track
down, locate and destroy enemy
targets they could not even see.
Radar Spots Bombers
With it, the RAF was able to
watch the German bombers
leave their airfields in France.
The RAF then could send fight
ers to intercept them at sea.
With it, the U. S. cruiser
Boise was able to sink three Jap
cruisers and three destroyers in
27 minutes.
With it, the cruiser San Fran
cisco was able to sail Into a Jap
task force with blazing guns and
ice every enemy ship go down
amid the wild confusion.
On the Anzio beachhead,
American troops were taking a
terrific pounding from enemy
night bombers. A new fire con
trol radar was brought in, and
the next morning the ground
was strewn with Nazi planes.
Soon the night attacks stopped,
SUNDAY
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Telephone Eagle Point 2315
because the Germans were los
ing too many aircraft to mako it
worth while.
Like the atomic bomb, radar
was the goal of a frenzied scien
tific race against the enemy.
Both Germany and Japan used
radar, but theirs was inferior to
ours throughout the war.
"The failure of the Nazis and
the Jaos to keep pace with Al
lied radar has been probably the
major single reason for the an
feat of one and the imminent de
feat of the other," said an army
spokesman.
In Post-War World
Radar will bring into the post
war world a ready-made billion
dollar segment of the electronics
industry. The effects of researcn
in these vast laboratories toward
peacetime uses of radar ultim
ately will be great. For the
present, radar itself will have
what a joint armed serves
scientific board describes as
mild, beneficial effect" on every
day life. It will make air and
sea navigation much simpler in
peace as it has in war.
But, the board added, "The
Impact of electronics generally
of techniques developed during
the war because of radar win
have profound and far-reaching
effects on the shape of our daily
life."
In 1933 congress appropriated
$100,000 for research in radar
the first funds specifically ear
marked for this purpose. In Oct
ober, 1939, the first contract was
awarded to a commercial firm
for the manufacture of radar
equipment.
Here is a typical picture of
how radar works:
A great battleship moves
through open waters at night
leading a task force. In the ra
dar room, the screen picks up an
enemy ship at extreme sun
range, outlining it in light patch
es on the. screen. Radar plot
range and direction. The signal
to fire is given. An observer
watches the shells move across
the screen, sees the salvo land
squarely. on the picture of the
enemy ship, which fades slowly
awav. The vessel has been nis-
covered. identified, fired on and
sank without being seen visual
ly.
Bursts of Energy
Here Is how this Is possible:
The radar transmitter sends
out bursts of energy, or Impuls
es, perhaps a millionth of a sec
ond apart. The receiver picks
up the electronic "echoes",
those produced whenever the
impulses strike. The nearer Hie
object the sooner the echo re
turns, thus measuring its dis
tance. Direction Is determined by a
rotating antenna which sends
out the pulses In a narrow beam,
like a searchlight.
The reflected impulses are re
corded on the screen similar to
the one used for television. A
narrow luminous line represent
ing the antenna beam rotates
over the screen In a full circle
every few seconds. With each
rotation it leaves a map-like re
production of the surrounding
area In patches of light and
darkness on the screen.
For protection, there is an
other device that the services
call IFF identification of friend
or foe. Used on ships and planes.
It emits a special sort of signal
thak makes a distinctive mark
on the screens of all radar instal
lations in the area. Thus when
a ship, for instance, is picked up
on a radar screen, It can be told
at once whether the ship is
friendly or not.
U. S. Nat'l Bank
Now Rated 29th
According to Geo. T. Frcy.
manager of the Medford brunch
of the United States National
bank, this Oregon bank'ng in
stitution has now attained 2ftth
position among the nation's top
ntnklng banks.
The United States National
Bank's deposits as of June 30,
1D4S. totalled $S0,589.564 as
against $428,139,1 IS for June 30,
1944. During this same period
the bank jumped from 3Mh po
sition to 29th position nationally.
"We are proud," said Mr. Frcy,
"of this splendid record."
ivbILL
TO
WILL BE
War Production Board Aims
At Jobs For All In Country
Within 12 to 18 Months
Washington, Aug. 16 U.R
The war production board today
put into force its "sky's the
limit" reconversion plan. The
aim: to provide full employment
within the next 12 to 18 months
and a standard of living 50 per
cent higher than the American
people have ever known.
Wartime shackles on industry
were being ripped off in whole
sale lots.
. WPB Chief J. A. Krug promis
ed that by next week-end all but
30 or 40 of WPB's 400 orders
controlling industry will be lift
ed. Only those are being retained
that will assure orderly and fair
distribution of critically tight
materials such as tin, rubber,
textiles, and lumber. And these
are coming off as soon as possi
ble. First Conference
President Truman holds his
first postwar press conference
this morning and may amplify
his views on his requested legis
lation to ease economic disloca
tion and unemployment during
the reconversion period.
Thousands of munitions work
ers men and women who only
a few days ago were soldiers of
the production line already
have joined the army of unem
ployed, which is expected to
swell from its present total of
1.100,000 to 8,000,000 by next
spring. They were among the
first to feel the impact of the
government's "cease production
orders which were rushed out
to American industry following
Japan's surrender.
There will be many thousands
more out of jobs in the coming
weeks. By Thanksgiving some
5.000,000 are expected to be un
employed. Many Plants Closing
From all points of the country
came word of plant closings and
accompanying unemployment as
the result of mass war contract
cancellations. At Kansas City,
the North American Aircraft
plant was ordered to stop mak
ing B-25 Billy Mitchell bombers,
and officials said 3,000 workers
would be laid off Monday and
another 2,000 on Tuesday.
The Bell Aircraft plant at
Marietta, Ga., producers of B-29
Superfortresses, also reported
getting notices of contract ter
mination. So did the big Bell
and Whitney engine plant at
Kansas City.
These were typical of the hun
dreds of war plants affected by
cutback orders which will reach
approximat e 1 y $35,000,000,000
within weeks.
The estimate of 8,000,00 un
employed by spring came from
Reconversion Chief John W.
Snyder. But neither he nor Krug
was pessimistic about the out
look. Both expressed confidence
that American industry will ab
sorb them as soon as it hits its
full stride.
Higher Living Aim
Pointing out that the war put
a new and higher ceiling on
American Ideas of production,
Snyder said that the govern
ment's reconversion program is
"shooting at a standard of liv
ing for our people as a whole
that will be 50 per cent higher
than we or any other people
have ever had."
Said Krug: "Practically , all
"ldo t ",n VI
MS
i
I
1
l
Cream Deodorant
Safely btlpi
Stop Perspiration
1, iWt not iittiei kin. rWi
nut rot tlfr m mrn .hitti.
2 Pirvfnt um)f(.irm odor:.
He if op prt titration Mlrlr,
3. A purr , mhite. jumwptK-, turn
r vaimhmjt tffam.
4. No viiitti to JfT. Can b
ufJ nchl attff luvin.
5. Awarded Arrtotal .Sfal of
Ameiu in himmtf nt I under
li - hitmlrti to !ilnc U
Anid rrriiiarir.
MORI MIH AND WOMfN Uil
ARRID
THN ANTOTMIt PfOOORANT
materials and resources needed
by industry will be available In
abundance. As a matter of fact,
materials will be running out of
our ears. The important thing
is that we must get industry
running fast enough to use
them."
Krug emDhasized that the act
ual job of -reconversion will he
handled bv private industry
with pretty much a hands-off
policy by the government. The
government's part, he said, will
be to remove wartime proauc-
lion blockades, smash bottle
necks, prevent hoarding, and to
hold down Inflation.
"If we're going to do a lot of
wand-waving in Washington, a
lot of people are going to won
der if we know the war is over,
he said.
Celllnai To Be Lifted
One of the first things WPB
Is doing and right now is to
lift ceiling on production oi,
automobiles and other consumer
durable goods so that these im
portant industries may move
ahead with all-out programs.
Krug wouldn't say how many
cars could be expected by the
end of the year, but ventured
the opinion that the Industry
should have the capacity and
the materials, to produce at least
500,000 by the years end.
What's more, Krug said, civil
ians have good prospects for get
ting a lot of the household
standbys they haven't been able
to get for almost four years. For
instance, he said, mechanical re
frigerator production should
total 125,000 in the third quarter
of this year and 700,000 in the
fourth; washing machines, 56,
000 in the third, and 500,000 in
the fourth; sewing machines. 10,-
000 in the third, and 75,000 to
100,000 in the fo'-.. ih; electric
ranges, 35.000 the third, and
75.000 to 100,000 in the fourth;
and 2,500.000 new radios by
Christmas.
High Points Listed
. Other high points of WPB's
master reconversion plan listed
by Krug were: j
Relaxation of construction
controls to release a huge indus- j
trial building program. Addi
tional modifications will be con
sidered within 30 days. I
Retention of inventory con
trols until the danger of hoard
ing, preemptive buying and
stockpiling by the few at the ex-
pense of the many are over. !
Preferential protection of:
small business ($50,000 or less!
per quarter) to remain In effect!
for the time being until the cut- j
backs can be appraised and it is !
safe to remove them. i
WPB will retain its powers
for breaking bottlenecks or giv
ing protection where needed to!
military or highly essential
civilian or export needs. These j
powers will be used only where i
necessary, and "business should
not rely on priorities help" for
conducting its normal activities.
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