l
1 .
LIBERATED POLES
TO SOLVE
Exchange of Populations to
Erase Minorities; Bring
Racial Homogeneity
By Henry Shapiro
United Press War Correspondent
Lublin, Poland, Jan. 11 (U.R)
The man on the street in lib
erated Poland, whatever his po
litical or economic views, is de
termined today to build his fu
ture in a state purged of the
vexing minority problem which
plagued this nation after Ver
sailles. East of the famous Curzon
line, for example, the problem
of the Slav and Lithuanian mi
norities already is in process of
solution by the simple method
of an exchange of populations.
During the past two weeks I
have had an opportunity to talk
with Poles of all political be
liefs, from private citizens to re
sponsible government authori
ties. Homogeneity Aim
From them I have gained the
impression that the future Po
land now in the making will be
self-consciously nationalistic, ra
cially homogeneous, and pre
dominantly Catholic-
Confined within strictly ethni
cal boundaries, it will be free of
German as "well as Russian,
Ukrainain, White Russian, Lith
uanian, and other minorities.
The shifting of minority popu
lations across the Curzon line
began last autumn when the
first of Several million persons
exchanged "homes" in accord
ance with an agreement between
the national committee of libera
tion and the Ukrainian, White
Russia, Lithuanian, and Soviet
republics.
Approximately 10,000 Polish
families already have moved
onto the former estates of liber
ated Poland from the western
Ukraine. During the trip to Lub
lin I saw one whole trainload
of Polish peasants from the
Lwow area enroute westward
across the Bug river.
Old Hatred Fanned
It is admitted frankly here
that no love is lost between the
Polish, Ukrainian, and White
Russian people in the border
.area. Then came the German oc
cupation, and generations of
mutual hostility were fanned
into open warfare.
But the critical problem ap
pears on the way to a solution
now, and before the end of the
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GOOD OLD TJ. S. DOUGH Jesus Pangelenan, center, 58-year-old Guamanian farmer and his fam
ily wave American currency which was their savings, cached when Jans occupied their homeland.
war Lwow and Wilno will be as
free of Poles as will Bialystok
of White Russians. -
Neither the minorities nor
Polish authorities are worried
about the Germans in East Prus
sia and those areas extending
between the Oder and Neisse
rivers, which both the Soviets
and Poles are determined to in
corporate into postwar Poland.
Local estimates place these
populations at about 7,500,000
but Production Minister Hillary
Mine told me only about 3,000,
000 or 4,000,000 were "pure Ger
mans." If the Germans refuse to re
treat voluntarily with the
wehrmacht, the Poles are de
termined to expel them by force.
The rest of the population
here consists of Slav tribes and
Germanized 'Poles. Al the latter
will be given an opportunity to
become Polish nationals.
The Poles face a more critical
and difficult problem in the case
of the Jewish minority. Accord
ing to Dr. Emil Sommerstein
head of the provisional govern
ment's reparations board and
leader of the Jewish community,
roughly 3,200,000 Jews of a pre
war population of 3,500,000
have been exterminated,
SUICIDE FLOTILLA
enemy had plenty of time to pre
pare the boats.
They had six-cylinder engines
and were capable of doing 22
knots, they were made almost
entirely of plywood. We found
five of them along the beach and
the rest hidden in the coconut
grove. Those on the beach had
been damaged, probably in their
one attack, and the others did
not appear to have been used at
all.
An estimated 22,500 man
hours are required to build an
average American bomber. .At
least 50.CVO men on the ground
and from 7,000 to 12,000 in the
planes are required to send
1,000 four-engined bombers on
a heavy invasion raid.
Salem, Ore.. Jan. 17 (U.R)
The powerful ways and means
committee of the 1B45 legisla
ture today issued a plea to get
appropriations bills "in early"
so that the committee could con
sider them immediately and not
drag out the session.
- Sen. Dean Walker, Independ
ence, chairman of the commit
tee, told the senate that although
the budget presented to the leg
islature is a "balanced" one,
there will be requests amounting
to more than $3,000,000 from de
partments who had their orig
inal requests trimmed by the
budget division.
The controversial senate joint
resolution No. 4, which would
create a legislative investigating
committee to probe the pur
chase of two distilleries by the
Oregon and Washington liquor
commissions, was sent to com
mittee by the house.
Wallace Opposes
The measure passed the sen-
ate on Friday at a stormy ses
sion where it was opposed pri
marily by Sen. Lew Wallace,
who said it was not needed, and
that Gov. Earl Snell's request
for such an investigation was
prompted by a severe "case of
the Jitters."
Several of the more contro
versial measures so far dropped
into the slowly turning legisla
tive mill were due for action
shortly, among them the so-call
ed "big truck" bill, which would
revise the limitations placed
upon the size of trucks. Mar
shall Cornett, senator from
Klamath Falls, said it would be
brought to the floor of the sen
ate for action this week.
Pension Change Asked
Four measures relating to new
regulations necessary after the
recent invalidation of the com
munity property law are in com-
Wednesday. Jan. 17, 1148 MED70RD MAIL TRIBUNE- THREX
mittee as are two relating to
the celling on old age pensions
in the state.
One of the latter, authorized
by Senator Thomas Mahoney,
would raise the limit from $40
to $50 while another by Sen.
Coe McKenna would entirely
eliminate the celling.
McKenna asked tha senate
that his bill be acted upon and
not die in committee. The bill
has no "politics" involved in it
presentation, he said.
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Old-Tim Revival Fire Burning at
THE APOSTOLIC FAITII
North Central Avenue at Third Street
Inspiring Testimonies of Faith and Facts
Recount Miracles in Modern Days
Come and Join In Great Congregational Singing, accompa
nied by new Wurlitser organ and orchestra, directed by
Rev. R. Robert Crawford
REV. R. R. CRAWFORD WILL PREACH TONIGHT
Serivcesi Every Evening (except Saturday) at t '
Sunday, 11 a. m. and 8 p. m.
The Church Without a Collection Plate
By Ralph C. Teatsorth
United Press War Correspondent
Aboard Adm. Kinkaid's Flag
ship off Philippines, Jan. 17
(U.R) A fantastic Japanese plan
to destroy the American invasion
ships in Llngayen gulf by hurl
ing at them a fleet of "suicide
boats" can be revealed today.
The plan flopped because the
Japanese failed to exploit their
weapon to the maximum advant
age and because the American
troops advanced so fast that the
"suicide base" became unten
able. Feeble Effort
The Japanese made a feeble
effort to sink our ships on the
night of the landing on the Lin
gayen gulf coast, but caused only
slight damage and did not repeat
the attack.
I accompanied a U. S. 7th fleet
party that discovered the hide
out of the Japanese suicide boats
yesterday. An LCI skippered by
Lt. (jg W. Craw of New York
City, took us into Sual bay on
the west side of the gulf, where
the boats had been abandoned
The hideout was just north of
the town of Sual in a coconut
grove that made it difficult to
spot from the air. The Japanese
apparently fled two or three
days ago as the Americans ap
proached the base.
We found 22 boats measuring
18 feet and seven inches in
length. They had been equipped
to carry two depth charges and
two spares on the rear. They
could be dropped in the normal
manner or set off as the boat
crashed into the side of a ship.
Crude Device
They had places for two men.
but also were rigged so that one
could carry out a mission. The
device for releasing the depth
charges was crudely made of
two long steel rods joined to
gether near the bow.
The boats were operated by a
special squadron of the Japanese
army.
Since the allied warships
bombarded the Llngayen area
and navy demolition tanks
combed the gulf for three days
before the actual landing, the
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Automobile Market
6th & Bartlett. Phone 3919
STOMPflRP flGfllM BOOSTS GASOLINE
PRODUCTION FOR OUR FLYING F.GLKITERS
: " . . jf ; . y. 2pjb ' !. 3a .... :.r;:-. ; fc -
HOW STANDARD HAS INCREASED
ITS 100-OCTANE GASOLINE
PRODUCTION IN 4 YEARS
One of the first to manufacture 100-octane
gasoline on a commercial scale. Standard
of California was poised for rapid expan
sion on Dec. 7, 1941. Each year, since then,
production zoomed. Now, with the great
new 100-octane plant in operation, Stand
ard is, far and away, the Coast's leading
producer of aircraft fuel. And our new
plant will not be idle after V- LJtCS
aay. Almost overmgm mey can
be converted to make the vattly
improved automobile gasoline
Standard has blue-printed for
the post-war West.
Giant New Refinery is latest step in program that increases
100-Octane Gasoline Output 800 since Pearl Harbor
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Already the largest producer of aviation gas
oline in the West, Standard of California began
this week to pour into the fight thousands of
additional barrels daily from a new high
octane plant at Richmond, California.
Shown in the picture are the towers of this
giant new unit, which climaxes Standard's 10
year leadership in aviation gasoline production.
Since 1935, when Standard of California
i
started building its first high-octane plant, it
has led in this field. Now our refineries turn
out enough aviation gasoline daily to send
more than 200 huge Superfortresses on the
round trip from Saipan to Tokio.
It's a lot, but Standard Oilers are not sat
isfied . . . they never will be until they make the
high-octane gasoline and the oils that will bring
the last victorious fighting plane home.
Bafllntnaa, wasNnstoa
Manufacturer! of
1941 1942 1943 1944 1945
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STANDARD OF CALIFORNIA
N-4