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. SSi SSf'RENTO , W PROCIDAfclsCHI
' Sweeping down onto the wide plaint before the Italian city of
Nail force in this battle area. The are of U.S. flagi from Salerno
advances to Noeera, Castellammare and Pompeii opened tha way for
shows the direction of the American attack. -
News Behind
The News
, by Paul Mallon
Washington, Oct. 1 On its
face, the promised appointment
of General Marshall seems to
forecast a
large .new of
fensive on the
E u ropean
front.
Even the
White House
attitude en
courages this
impress ion.
The president
sharply , criti
cized (he re
cent public
e o n t r oversy
rani Malloa
over , the matter In the house
and the press, and oh the radtoi
on the grounds that it was a mil
itary matter. s ' . ......
Certainly the existing mili
tary matters in Italy and In the
air bombing campaign are not
such as to require Marshall's
transfer.' Consequently,' the gen
eral assumption must be that a
new offensive is imminent. ' '
HIU' Austln-Wadsworth com
' pulsory labor draft bill is dy
ing on the vine. The only one
who could possibly revive it
and put It through is Mr. Roose
velt. His persistent silence has
discouraged the backers of the
legislation. ' Thev now know
they cannot get the measure out
of either the house or the senate
military affairs committee even
as far as the senate floor for
public discussion.
The only administration au
thorities who have forcefully
advocated the measure are War
Secretary Stimson and his as
sistant, Patterson. Congressmen
have heard rumors that at one
time the entire Roosevelt cabi
net wanted the bill, but appar
ently not now. .
(Continued on Pago Eight)
7 or 8 Airmen Die
In Colorado Crash
' Fairplay, Colo., Oct. 1-U.R)
Seven or eight airmen were
killed in the crash of an army
four-engine bomber last night
near Bailey, Park county Sher
iff S. H. Law said today.
The sheriff reported the giant
plane burned after it crashed on
a hill near Mount Logan. The
body of one airman, Sheriff Law
said, was thrown clear of the
wreckage. The bodies of the rest
of the crew were badly bumed,
making positive determination
of the number of dead difficult.
California's largest Porta
guese settlement centers in San
Leandro, Alameda county.
SIDE GLANCES
By -
' TRIBUNE REPORTER
Frank Perl predicting the
score of tonight's football game
. -mild be Medford 14, fliarsn
field 0.
Bill Hammett being prevented
by outside influence from reach
ing his destination.
Capt. Buttenweiser buying
"pig in a poke" at the bond auc
tion which turned out to be
real pig and red, whit and
blue.
Liberation Of Eternal City
Next Major Goal Says F.D.R.
. . .Washington,. Oct. 1. (U.R) President Roosevelt today likened
the aUied drive in Italy, now that Naples has fallen, to a crusade
to liberate Pope Pius XII, the Vatican, and Rome from the Nazis.
He told his press and radio
conference that the allied ad
vance northward now centers on
liberation of the eternal city and
the Vatican. Every effort is
being made, he declared, to avoid
fighting which would lead to de
struction of historio Rome.
He said he doubted reports
that the Germans would make
their next stand on a line with
Rome, saying that it was now
difficult to determine where the
next stand will be.
News of the occupation . of
Naples was flashed to the presi
dent by Gen. Dwight O. Elsen
hower Just a few miiftites before
the president met his press and
radio conference.
Rome, he said. Is occupied by
German forces and the Vatican
is. virtually, .surrounded with
Nazi troops, around St. Peter's
square.
An Eastern Canadian Port,
Oct. 1 U.R) German subma
rines, possibly using a new type
of torpedo, sank 10 Allied ships
with a heavy loss of life in a
savage 10-day attack, beginning
Sept. 19, on two Canada-bound
convoys in the North Atlantic,
survivors reported today.
Survivors, expressing the be
lief that the enemy was using
a new type of torpedo, pointed
to the "disastrous effect" single
torpedoes had on the lost ves
sels, three of which were war
ships. One broke in half and
sunk within a minute, another
plunged to the bottom in four
minutes.-
Prime Minister Winston Church
ill announced in the British
house of commons on Sept. 21
that the - battle - was Joined - at
that time and the prime min
ister also said the enemy appar
ently had equipped his subma
rines with "new weapons of a
novel character." He warned
that only by utmost diligence
could the U-boats be overcome.
BATTLE BLAZE IN
BT. FALLS REGION
A crew was sent, to a five-acre
fire In the Butte Falls district
discovered last evening and re
ported this morning to the
Rogue River National Forest
headquarters here. It is thought
the fire had been smoldering
since the lightning storms the
middle of September since the
spot is ' in' a remote area. The
crew sent in had to make a six
mile hike to reach the blaze.
Today a pumper and hose were
being sent in by mule train and
it was ' thought the fire would
soon be controlled. This is one
of the largest fires reported
during the present season. '
DUKE DIES IN ACTION
London; Oct. 1 (U.B Henry
V. G. Wellesley, 31, the sixth
Duke of Wellington, has been
killed in action in Italy where
he was serving as a commando
captain, it was announced today.
Naplu. the U. S. Fifth Army hat landed a killing blow against tha
to Itchla thow how tha Amerleani ringed Naplei and how new
a final thruit to tha city. Whit arrow, left on thli photo-map
TALKED FOR ALL
Washington, '. Oct. 1 (U.R)--,
President : . Roosevelt told - his
new conference 'today "that he
and British Prime Minister Win
stoiboChurchill have been dis
cussing a postwar program of
world-wide freedom- of- the air,
under which all nations wUl
participate in an interlocking
system of airlines. -
Mr. Roosevelt said that he did
not want to put the government
in - commercial, passenger . and
freight service after the war. He
said he believed - all air routes
should be operated by private
concerns where it was profitable
and that government operations
should be reserved for a few
lines operated at a loss purely
by communication with new and
distant territories. .
Tentative planning on postwar
air traffic has been- In- progress
from six to eight months, the
president said. All of it, he
added, looks to one rather simple
objective free air and a prin
ciple of allowing' all' internal
aviation to be owned and oper
ated by the Individual .country
itself.
F
FORCES AT FIUME
London, Oct. 1. (U.R) The
Germans are throwing - fresh
troops into a fierce battle to dis
lodge Jugoslav partisans from
flume, which Is being reducea
to rubble by artillery fire; Jugo
slav exile quarters reported to
day.
News sent out by Gen. JosId
(Tito) Brozovich'a partisan head
quarters Indicated the fighting In
the Balkans near- Italy was
spreading rapidly. Coincidental-
ly King Peter of Jugoslavia hint
ed that a full-scale allied offen
sive in the Balkans is "not far
off." :
Mrs. Roosevelt Stirs Furore by
Remark That American Soldiers
Beating Australian Boys' Time
Somewhere In Australia, Oct.
1 (U.R) The furore created by
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt's casaul
remark that American soldiers
are walking off with the Austral
ian girls, because the Australian
male is too aloof, threatened to
divide the commonwealth into
two letter-writing camps today.
Newspaper ' offices all over
Australia 'have been deluged
with thousands of letters en
dorsing or contradicting Mrs.
Roosevelt's opinion.
Tha first repercuHlosi wage
MOGILEV DRIVE
London, Oct. 1 (U.R) A Red
army -communique announced
tonight that Russian troops driv
ing toward Mogilev on the lower
Smolensk front had forced an
other crossing on the Sozh river
and captured the town of Chert
kov, 50 miles . southeast of
Mogilev. : .
Advancing six to 12 miles on
the Mogilev front, the Russians
captured more than 340 towns
and villages, the communique
'said. ,' . ... . -..,.",. , .
In th .Gomel ,tctorro;': the
south, gains of six to nine miles
won more than" 100 Inhabited
localities, M o s c o w reported,
while another 20 were taken on
the Vitebsk front northwest of
Smolensk.
A commentator of the Nazi
Paris radio said, without cor
roboration from any other
source, that the Germans had
recaptured Kremenchug, Dniep
er . river: stronghold which .the
Russians took Wednesday.
' Washington, Oct. 1. (U.R)
An American search plane was
attacked by five -Japanese Zeros
while on a reconnaissance mis
sion over enemy-held Nauru is
land in the Gilbert group and
shot down one and probably
two of the attackers, the navy
announced today.
Nauru, site of extensive phos
phate works and a Japanese air
base, is approximately 800 miles
northeast of Guadalcanal.
' ' Disclosure that an American
reconnaissance plane was seek
ing Information concerning Nau
ru served to keep alive specula
tion that an American move
against the Gilberts might be
in the cards.-
Japs Launch Big
Drives in China
Chungking, Oct. 1 (U.R) A
Chinese communique said today
that major Japanese drives had
been launched in the eastern
provinces of Chekiang, Kiangsu
and Anhwei and that Chinese re
inforcements were being rushed
up to meet the advancing enemy
lorces.
indignant letters from Austral
ian soldiers and n -i-i-
which brought out hundred, nf
more letters the following day.
Most were from girls praising
the doughboys' technique.
Mrs. Roosevelt started the
whole thing at a press confer
ence on her arrival In San Fran
cisco earlier this week. She told
reporters about one American
soldier who Introduced himself
to an Australian girl sitting next
to him on a bus by asking:
"Angel, what heaven did you
drop from?" -
BIG ITALIAN PORT
Germans Left Thorough De
molition Job Occupation
Gives Base For Drive.
Allied Headquarters, North
Africa, Oct. 1. (U.R) Allied
troops marched triumphantly
into battle-scarred Naples today,
scoring the greatest victory of
the 22-day Italian campaign and
opening up the road to Rome.
The Germans had abandoned
Naples after a thorough Job of
demolition, and the vanguard of
Lieut. Gen. Mark W. Clark's
army found its great waterfront
a tangle of wreckage.
Gives Ideal Base
The occupation of Naples gave
the allies an ideal base for the
drive 125 miles northward to
Rome and on beyond, which
Clark promised In announcing
that the battle of the Salerno
bridgehead was only the begin
ning. Already allied air fleets rang
ing on ahead of the ground
forces were pounding the rail
roads, bridges and other trans
port targets north of , Naples,
where the coastal lines lead up
to Rome. For two days they had
gone unchallenged by German
planes as they bombed and gun
ned their objectives.
Tne allies found Naples a bat
tered, burned shell of the great
port which probably has been
subjected to more bombing than
anyotlvtr ttalianci.. Foe, weeks
the Germans have' Added to the
devastation with systematic de
molitions. Early Clearance Sean
(A British broadcasting corpo
ration report said the Naples
harbor could be cleared for al
lied use in eight days.)
The fall of Naples followed an
advance along the coast road by
the Fifth Army shock units
which had fought in fields and
orchards through the town-of
Torre Annunziata, 11 miles from
tne city.
By reaching Naples the allies
had covered more than 200 miles
since they launched their inva
sion of the Italian mainland on
Sept. 3.
Gen. Sir Bernard L. Montgom
ery's British Eighth army had the
longest march from the toe of
the peninsula. The Anglo-American
troops under Clark had cov
ered only about 24 miles from
Salerno, but they had met and
dealt with the full force of the
German military strength con
centrated below Naples.
Strength Proved
The triumph on the approach
es to Naples was regarded as con
clusive proof that a well-equipped,
well-trained, well-led allied
force, given adequate air cover,
can beat the best the German
high command can put In the
field.
The successful conclusion of
one phase of the Italian cam
paign was credited in large meas
ure to the unprecedented team
work between the American and
British fighting men, the allied
air forces, and the allied fleets,
working under the direction of
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower.
s
Midland, Mich., Oct. 1. (U.R)
President Elwood Smith of the
United Mine Workers' local
12075 predicted today that union
employes at the Dow chemical
plant will refuse to work with a
Jehovah's Witnesses sect mem
ber who refused to buy war
bonds even if President Roose
velt's committee on fair employ
ment practices orders his rein
statement. The Jehovah's Witness, Ken
neth S. Sterling, 34, was laid off
at Dow's a year ago when 33 of
the 50 men In his department
demanded his discharge. They
charged he refused to buy bonds
and "doesn't believe in the gov
ernment." At a hearing before an exam
iner from the committee, Ster
ling contended he had been un
fairly laid off at the Dow plant
Marshall Expected
Head Second Front
By Edward W. Bsattla
United Press Staff Correspondent
London, Oct. 1 (U.R) Some time this fall or winter Gen.'
George C. Marshall is expected to establish headquarters in or
near London as commander-in-chief of the second front in west
ern Europe which will open the final assault against Nazi
Germany.
The appointment of Marshall,
United States army chief of
staff, is considered as- having
been definite since the Quebec
conference of President Roose
velt, Prime Minister Churchill
and their ranking commanders.
Will Be Secret
But because the establishment
of his headquarters might be a
tipoff on the Imminence of a
landing on the continent, it like
ly will be just as secret as the
combined staff building from
which Gen. Dwight D. Eisen
hower operated for months be
fore the Invasion of north Africa.
According to all available in
formation, Marshall's area will
be western Europe. If and when
the front is merged with Eisen
hower s, Marshall presumably
would hold the reins over both.
But the best Informed sources
In London scoff at the idea of
any one man being a "global
commander," attempting to co
ordinate the offensives girdling
the world. That is the function
of the combined chiefs of staff
committee in Washington. :
THREEWBASES
IN ALLIED DRIVES
Allied Headquarters, South
west Pacific, Saturday, Oct. 2
(U.R) Allied forces in New Gui
nea today developed their land
and air offensive to isolate three
of Japan's remaining major
coastal bases, while in the Solo
mons speculation arose over the
possibility that the enemy Is
evacuating Kolombangara Island
without a fight.
Australian troops poured a
fusillade of fire on the Japanese
garrison at Flnschhafen after
seizing Kakakog spur, a domi
nating height about three-quarters
of a mile inland from the
harbor.
The Australians may sever
land communications between
Madang and Wewak to the nortn
and isolate those bases. South
of Madang Allied planes con
tinued to strafe Jap communi
cations around Bogadjlm. -
Allied bombers concentrating
on enemy shipping from the
Celebes, 850 miles northwest of
Darwin, to the Solomons, de
stroyed or damaged nine vessels
and 14 large-size barges on Tues
day and Wednesday.
London, Oct. 1 (U.R) Flying
Fortresses and Liberators
dropped more than 5,400 tons of
bombs on Europe in 11 missions
within 10 operational days dur
ing September, an Increase of
about 50 per cent over the pre
vious high for a month, it was
announced tonight.
TROOPS IN MOCK WAR
SHIFT TO NEW AREAS
Fourth Corps Headquarters,
Oregon Maneuver Area, Oct. 1
(U.R) The 75,000 troops of this
corps were moving today to new
concentration areas in prepara
tion for the fourth phase of the
"battle of Oregon," which prob
ably will begin Sunday.
Grapefruit production in the
U. S. in 1838 totaled 43,714,000
boxes.
Radio Highlights
The Michigan - Northwestern
football game will be broadcast
by KMED Saturday, starting at
11:45 a. m. Medford time. No
Pacific coast game will be car
ried. - - -
JACKSON CO. NEAR
BOND QUOTA WITH
Boosted by a cash Intake of
$65,018 at the big auction at the
park, purchases of $100,000 by
the Southern Pacific Railway
company, $50,000 by the Kraft
Cheese company and $40,000 by
the Non-High School District of
the county through the secre
tary. Superintendent C. R. Bow
man, Jackson county yesterday
and this morning is gradually
working up to the quota of $2,-
668,000 in the third Victory
Loan Drive. -
George T. Frey, drive chair
man, said this morning that an
appeal to corporations and citi
zens of the city and county this
morning had resulted in several
promises for additional pur
chases and it is thought the
quota, will be met by tonight or
tomorrow night. Shell Oil com
pany made an additional sub
stantial purchase for the county
this morning, he said,
The chairman was hopeful'
that perhaps the quota might
even be exceeded, as it has been
in a few counties already, by
the time- all purchases are
checked at the close of he drive.
Bull Tops Sale
At the auction last night the
largest sum of bonds bid for any
one article went for Cloverhlll
Major, six-months-old Guernsey
bull donated by Cloverhlll
Guernsey. Farms and purchased
by Walter Leverette for $3200.
The Lorenz company, represent
ed by its manager, Anthony R.
Manno, was largest bond pur
chaser of the evening, the firm
buying about $10,000 In bonds
during the sale. Other "heavy
buyers were Charles Adair, who
bid on many articles and paid
about $5,000, Dr. Charles W.
Lemery, Tom Flynn, Frank
Wray, H. C. Wltham, and Capt.
Buttenweiser of Camp White.
A fat lamb, purchased during
the afternoon at the Four-H
sale, was donated to the auction,
and was purchased by the
Lorenz company, Capt. Butten
weiser and a Mr. Richmond, the
former two buying the animal
and then giving it back until it
brought a total of $3100.
Guy Applewhite of Ashland
paid $1,300 for a $25 bond don
ated by Fluhrer's Bakery, The
Older Tire company paid $1,200
for a Montgomery-Ward and
company blanket, J. W. Ayres
paid $1,200 for a hog from the
4-H sale, J. E. Earley paid $1,
300 for a punch bowl donated
by Lawrence's Jewelry com
pany, Dr. Lemery paid $1,200
for 1,000 feet of lumber from
the Medford corporation and
Capt. Buttenweiser, $1,400 for a
saxaphone which he gave to a
fellow serviceman in the SCU
band.
Mr. Frey today commended
Lloyd Rupp, who staged the
auctions, and A. H. Dudley, auc
tioneer, who sold 4-H cattle all
afternoon and bonds until 11:30
p. m. last night, for their efforts
for the bond drive, and Mr.
Rupp extended thanks to the
merchants of the county and
others who donated produce for
the auction.
Northwest Warned
Of Fuel Shortage
Portland, Ore., Oct. 1 (U.R)
Residents of the Paciflo North
west were warned today to pre
pare for the worst winter fuel
shortage of any section of the
nation.
Joel Dean, national director
of the OPA fuel rationing divi
sion, visiting Portland, advised
users of most types of fuel oil,
wood, wood products, and coal
to insulate their homes and
comerve all fuel possible.
FOR MEN UNDER
30 YEARS, URGED
Proposal by Wyoming Solon
Would Preclude Work Ex
cuse Excent For Farmer.
Washington, Oct 1. (U.R) A
new proposal to forbid draft de
ferment for any man under 30
except for physical or mental
deficiencies or on dependency
grounds was offered in the sen
ate today by Sen. Chapman
Revercomb, R., W. Va.
The proposal, sponsored also ,
by Sen. Edward V. Robertson,
R., Wyo., would preclude occu
pational deferments for any
man under 30 except agricul
tural workers. They are cov
ered under separate legislation
passed earlier this year.
Like Taft Plan
Otherwise, the Revercomb
Robertson proposal was virtu
ally Identical with one offered
yesterday by Sen. Robert A.
Taft, R., O., as a substitute for
the pending Wheeler bill to de
fer all pre-war father inductions
to January 1.
The fourth day of senate de
bate on the father-draft issue
began as drafting of pre-Pearl
Harbor fathers was formally in
stituted throughout the country.
Selective Service officials, how
ever, were making every effort
to prevent their induction until
the senate votes on the Issue. ,
Washington, Oct. 1 (U.R)
President Roosevelt today nam- '
inated W. Averell Harrlman, :
wealthy head of one of the na.
tion's most prominent railroad
families, to be ambassador to tha
Soviet Union succeeding Ad
mlral William H. Standley, re-.
signed.'
Harriman, who will be 52 on
November 15, will take over the
Moscow Post at a historically
momentous time when the for-'
eign ministers of Great Britain,
Russia and the United States are
preparing to confer on problems
of great military and political
Importance to the world.
There appeared to be no doubt
that the senate would approve
the ambassador-nominee.
Bern, Oct. 1 (U.R) American
bombers and German fighter
planes fought a battle over east
ern Switzerland, and a Flying
Fortress was shot down by Swiss
antiaircraft batteries which
joined in the action, It was an
nounced officially today.
A MmmnnlnitA afilri flAUrol
THvOY
bombs were dropped on Swiss
soil, causine material damas y
but no casualties. "'"T'.-f
Air alarms were sounded aw '
a considerable area of aaV if
Switzerland, the anneuw n$'
said. Additional . detailarere
promised later. J
NUT PRICE CEItlMGS
WILL BE FIXED SOON
Washington, Oct. 1. (U.B
Celling prices on all varieties of
edible nuts will be set soon, the
Office of Price Administration
disclosed yesterday.
The prices, to be set at all
trade levels from the grower to
the commercial user and ulti
mate consumer, OPA said will be
approximately 10 cents per
pound under the going prices,
but somewhat above 1942 prices.
Both shelled and unsheUed nuts
are affected.
$144,219
Needed to mast Jackson
county's quota of IJ.868,000 la
the third Victory Loan drive.