A T
Medford
Second
Section
Thirtieth Year
MEDFORD, OKEOON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 9, 1935.
No. 110.
TELEVISION. FAR
THOSEJN KNOW
Intricate Machinery, Cost
Of Installation And Prob
lem Of Finding Programs
And Customers Obstacles
By SUlnc? B. Whipple
United Press Staff Correspondent
(Copyright, 1935. by United Press)
NEW YORK ( UP ) Sound broad
casting, the system that brings you
the tones of symphony orchestras and
public speakers, is simple compared
to the Intricacies and complexities of
television. Even those who know the
most about It. men such as Dr. Alfred
Norton Goldsmith or Charles Horn,
hesitate to describe the process to a
layman.
Briefly, however, the system is this.
At the transmitting station a scene Is
scanned by an electric "eye." which
translates the lights and shadows of
the "picture" Into electronic waves
and shoots them Into the ether. The
eye travels at unbelievable speed from
the left to the right of the picture,
one "line" at a time, and at the com
pletion of one line, drops down a
fraction of an Inch, to the next line.
Wlien it has completed one picture. It
returns and does the Job all over
again. And this. If you please. In a
fraction of a second.
At the receiving end, thera must
be a machine to turn the electrical
Impulses back Into light, nils Is
done by a process too technical for
description here, by "cathode tubes."
Mechanical Brush
A strong light, operating In the re
verse, of the original system by which
the scene was picked up. Is used "like
a paint brush," and "paints" the pic
ture. In black and white, all over
again on your screen.
The screen Is coated with oxides
and other metals which become bril
liant when bombarded with the
stream of electrons that pour from
this "electronic machine gun."
"And when I say a bombardment,
I mean Just that," said Dr. Goldsmith
enthusiastically. "These tiny projec
tiles bang against the screen at a
velocity or thousands of miles a sec
ond. As they strike the screen they
illuminate It, from left to right and
up and down, with the. same high
lights and shadows of the original
scene, but so rapidly that the eye Is
completely fooled and sees the pic
ture as a whole."
Problems Still Left
That sounds simple, and the pro
cess actually Is accomplished In
laboratory work. But thero are a
thousand unanswered problems that
must be solved before the process can
be made commercially ( thinkable.
Some of the problems are In radio
engineering. Some of them are pure
ly psychological. Many of them are
actually economic, for television, to
meet the same standards and enter
tain the same number of people who
now enjoy radio, would require bil
lions not millions, but billions of
dollars.
A coaxial cable, an Inch or so In
diameter, must be built for transmit
ting pictures across the country', in
order to provide the 1 ,500.000-cycle
band required, and such a cable Is
now only In the process of experimen
tal construction. Or, alternately,
hundreds of repeating stations must
be made to dot the country at 25
mile Intervals. Both are costly.
The first receiving sets will neces
sarily be expensive, how expensive the
radio engineers hesitate to say. But
they are actually five receivers In one.
One receiver Is for sound, another for
the picture, a third for "line reflec
tion" (which swings your electronic
machinegun or paint brush back and
forth over the screen, a fourth for
"vertical deflection," (which swings
the paint brush downward from line
to line), and a fifth for "background
control," which tskea care of regulat
ing the dark greys, the light greys,
the high lights and the shadow of
your picture.
Big Investment
Let us suppose, for instance, that
these first sets, two, three or four
years hence, will cost $500 apiece. Ten
million of them would mean that
the public would hae to dig up 15.
000.000.000 to buy them.
"And that, together with the mil
lions that would have to be put into
construction of the sending appara
tus," said Dr. oldsmlth. "would be
a major economic operation that
would stagger even Washington I"
The sets would have to be serviced
by a newly trained army of radio ex
perts, who would be "engineers" rath
er than repair men. The layman
couldn't throw a wire out of his win
dow and proceed to pick up televis
ion. Nor could he fumble around with
the lnsldes of a machine carrying n
tremendously high voltage. The ma
chines will be safe, of course, and
fool proof. But the handy-man-around-the-house
won't be able to
fix them if they go wrong.
jttO Tubes
Tubes will cost as high as $50
apiece, and that Is no Inconsiderable
sum when the possibility of seeing
the whole system Junked In a year If.
brought to mind.
Then there are other perplexing
questions. Where wljl the material
Is
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for television broadcasts come from?
Hollywood today spends 1.500 .000,
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entertainment one-tenth of the ma
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come half as successful as radio.
There will have to be a new tech
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What kind of progrnms. then, will
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can't pick up anything at which it
Is nut directly focused.
There's a big Job ahead for every
body, therefore, and that includes
radio engineers, electronic experts,
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field of public entertainment.
By 1937 or 1938 pcrhapsl
Use Mai) Tribune want adi.
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