American Legion Ball March 4 th to Climax Popularity Contest
Medford Mail
. The Weather
Forecast : Increased cloudiness fol
lowed by rain late tonight or Sat
urday. No change In temperature.
Highest yesterday - ,.. 45
Lowest this morning , 28
Paid-Up Circulation
People wbo pay tea their newspapers
ex the best prospectj fox the adver
Uuit A. B. O. olrciilaMop la paid
tip circulation. Thla newspaper la
a. B. O.
ne
Twenty-Seventh Year
MEDFOKD, OREGON, FttLDAY, FEBKUAEY 2-1, 1933.
No. 286.
M
LfU
Tmjbt
1 IP l
J uvl
M H
Editor's
BANGS ON TABLE
AND MAKES EI
in ninr nnrn nil
A5 UAJthUW UN
Hearing in Receivership of
Daily News Enlivened by
Withdrawal of Editor
Prejudice Is Resisted
Circuit Judge W. M. Duncan of
Klamath county announced this
afternoon that he would hand
down a ruling tomorrow morning
In both the News Publishing Co.
against 1 A. Banks, and the case
of O. B. Waddell against L. A.
Ranks and wife, and the Suncrest
Orchards. Inc.
Hearing of testimony In the civil
suit of O. B. Waddell against L. A.
Banks and wife, and against the Sun
crest Orchards. Inc.. for the collection
of approximately $6000 allegedly due
for loan on mortgages, was started
this afternoon before Circuit Judge
W. M. Duncan of Klamath county.
Banks, appearing as his own at
torney, read a -letter from Attorney
M. O. Wilkina, of a personal nature.
tn support of his contention that he
had not sufficient time to prepare
a defense, and continued bis plea In
support of his affidavit.
Banks told the court that shortly
before noon ho appeared before the
grand Jury, and ked that Attorney
M.. O. Wilkins be Indicted for per
jury, for the testimony he gave this
morning.
Court Can't Indict.
Banks declared he was told by the
grant. Jury that '"It was a matter for
the circuit Judge, and could not be
done by them."
After a short outline of the case
by Attorney George M- Roberts, the
court said:
"This is the first time this court
Xnew that it could indict anybody
for perjury, Mr. Banks. That is not
the power of this court, or any other
court."
The court ruled that he would re
serve a decision in the matter, and
would hear any and All defense that
was offered.
Mrs. O. B. Waddell was then called
M the first witness. Banks left the
courtroom.
Prejudice Too Late.
Tt was contended that the Banks
affidavit of prejudice filed yesterday
against Judge Duncan, wae not filed
within the required time provided by
law.
Attorney Roberts declared that
Banks mad no denial of the debts.
The case of the News Publishing
Co. - Against L. A. Banks and the
Medford News was completed this
morning. No defense was offered.
The court gave no Indication when
a decision would be rendered.
L, A. Banks, editor and publisher
of the Dally News, orchardlst and
honorary president and the moving
spirit of the "Good Government Con
gress," at the opening of the hearing
for a receivership and possession of
the newspaper plant before Judge
W. M. Duncan of Klamath Falls.
"withdrew from the court" In what
was intended to be a dramatic ges
ture. The packed court room viewed
the departure more amused than Im
pressed. The case then proceeded.
Lee B. Tuttle. former editor and one
of the founders of the morning pa
per, appearing as the fltrt witness.
(Continued on Page Nino) .
T
SUPPLY OF P000
City police this morning failed to
capture, after a two-hour chase, trans
ient who procured a gunnyaack full
of provisions at the county commis
sary. Constable George J. Prescott
"tipped off," hastened to the com
missary on Sixth street, but was too
late. A search for the three men, for
two hours failed to bring any result.
Constable Prescott says the men vis
ited the county food station, and rep
resented themselves as local residents,
and procured a supply of provisions,
under false pretenses. The police think
that the men parked their auto near
by, and after securing the groceries,
returned, and made good their es
cape In It.
Investigation showed the men ar
rived In this city late yesterday, spent
the night at "The Kitchen, and were
headed for California.
Under Oregon law they can be
prosecuted for obtaining goods under
fale pretenses.
The past fortnight there have been
many complaints of abuse of county
charity by transients. The police say
that Jackson county is now known
among auto indigents, as "a soft spot"'
tie Xqqa s6&fly$ ?a
Howls of "Miscarriage of
Afrs. Roosevelt's
Inaugural Gown
To Be Anna Blue
NEW YORK. Feb. 24 (AP)
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt today
bad her last fitting of the gown
she will wear to her husband's
Inauguration as president, and at
the same time "Anna Blue," nam
ed after her daughter, Anna Roose
velt Dal), was introduced to the
world of textiles.
Mrs. Roosevelt's hat, wrap and
purse are of "Anna Blue," which,
la a dark blue, a trifle lighter
than navy The gown la of the
color that was named for herself,
"Eleanor Blue," and Is of crys
telle valvet.
S HUNG IS
L
AS
According to today's tabulation
In the Merchants-Tribune popu
larity contest. Miss Margaret Melt
ing retained her lead boosting her
total to 722,600 votes. Oleta Rog
ers has 611,800 with Ellow Mae
Utlson a close third with 450,200.
an Increase of 48.000 votes over
'Wednesday's standings.
A colorful popularity ball at the
Oriental Gardens, sponsored by Med
ford post No. 19, American Legion,
will be held Saturday night, k March
'4, as a fitting climax to the Mer-'
chants-Mali Tribune popularity con
test. Many of the contestants will
be introduced, return will be an
nounced from time to tune and the
winner of the first prize and title of
"Miss Medford" announced Just be
fore the close of the brilliant affair.
Lee Oarlock, commander of the Med
ford post, announcd today that Earl
Foy will head the committee tn
charge of the event.
The Legionnaires, as an added fea
ture, will give 100 votse with every
ticket sold before 10 o'clock the night
of the ball, the time when all contest
ballot boxes will be closed and final
tabulations made. A ballot box will
be conveniently placed In the Ori
ental 'Gardsn so that dancers may
oast their ballots for their favorites.
Medford stores will also feature pop
ularity votes until the close of busi
ness on Saturday, March 4. An
nouncement of the winners of the two
fine prizes, one a trip to Hawaii and
the other a voyage from Seattle to
Victoria and San Francisco, will be
subject to a careful official count.
As a special week-end feature of
the popularity contest, the Mall
Tribune is giving a 5 bill to the
contestant securing the most popu
larity ballot from the Tribune tabu
lation last Wednesday to 8 p. m. to
morrow when the Sunday standings
will be prepared. Today's tabulation
is as follows:
Name
Ellow Mae Wilson
Votes.
,....45fl,200
Margaret Chllders 26,200
Arvllla Burns .. 28.600
Margaret Meiling .722.600
Vivian Meter 1.300
Jean Fabrtck 8,100
Laura Drury . 133.700
Leah Inch
.....418.800
257.800
4? V 600
l.0
: ,f'::
Oma GeBauer
Rosamond Wall
Wilms. Morgan ..
Goldie Hlgdon- .,
Marguerite McAllister .
Ruth Bou mtu m
Thelma Heard ......,..
160. ioo
10,700
23,500
Louise El rod 1.200
Edna Newbry. Talent... ............ 30.300
Jean Chamherlain - 6,000
Frances WakefU"' J ttjonvllle 1,100
Virginia Pick. Jacksonville 7.800
Venita Anderson
1.800
1.100
Shirley Orford
Ruth Demorest .
Katherine Stewart ,
Helen Stewart
Genevieve Brown
Dorothy Reynolds ..
Sally Robert
Frances Sparrow
Dorothv Lee
1.800
2.200
7.000
1.50
12,400
8 500
1,100
1.100
1.600
7.600
36.200
Pearl Rhodes-
Peggy Ginn
Viola Strong .
Louise Laughead. Jacksonville- 1.200
Bernedlne Arnold, Jacksonville 3,500
Blllie Carless ........ 1.100
Eunice Wheeler 29.100
Edna Brewold 2.500
Flora Collins 1.600
Ruth Hanacam -. 24.100 i
Virginia Gregory 15,600
Frederick Brommer 1 4 5 ,500
Marian Moore 3.100
Geraldine Latham
Bernlce GUI
84.700
31.800
(Continued on Page Nine)
-4-
WASHINGTON. Feb. 34. (AP)
Early abolition of the farm hoard.
which was the Hoover admlnlatra-
tions response to farm relief demands.
I was forecast today by friends
tMbw",bI'T"W S"1'IJ W1 i'SrTajB
LEGISLATORS KILL
Week's Overtime Session
Finds Nearly 100 Meas
ures for Consideration
Mortgage Holiday Loses
SALEM, Feb. 34. (AP) Nearly one
hundred meaaurea will be considered
by the two houaea of tho legislature
today aa one week overtime had al
ready been chalked up during the
37th legislative aaaembly. Commit
tee reports will see, among other ma
jor bills, a recommendation for the
flat $5 license fee for automobiles.
Many of the big Issues that have
been bothering committees for weeka
are being cleared up In short order
by the Indefinite postponement route.
Yesterday the two houses killed the
timber yield tax measure, mortgage
foreclosure moratoriums and the atate
bank proposal.
Appropriations Up.
Included In the list of measures
today will be many appropriation
Items, some up for first action and
others for final action. The bill to
call a ' conatituttonal convention for
the repeal of the 18th amendment is
on the house Hat. , .
The defeated mortgage moratorium
bill provided for a moratorium until
March 1, J935,. on mortgage fore
closures, on real estate mortgages,
contracts and deeds of trust. A ma
jority of the Joint committee on
moratoriums reported adveraely on
the bill.. This report was signed by
.... (Continued on Page Seven)
Five Years For
Roseburg Holdup
ROSEBTJRG, Ore., Feb. 34. (A.P)
When Clarence Raymond -Kwart
held up Mrs. Annie Peterson on a
bridge In thla city several nights ago.
he sot no monev. hut in t.h (p.nit.
court here thla morning he drew a
no-jcr wrm in cne penitentiary
upon his plea of guilty. The penalty
la the maximum, due to the fact that
Stewart was p.evloualy convicted of
automobile theft and two forgery
ohargea in Portland, according to the
statement of the district attorney.
Aged Foots Creek Miner
Revealed in Attempt to
'Frame ' Dredge Operator
District Attorney Holds Papers . Showing
Bates Approached Officials With
Plan to Extract $20, 000
To those who know the truth and history of the "persecuted 74-vear-old
Foots creek miner' case, that Banks has called a "Miscarriage of Jus
tice" m often, Banks' statements about it are regarded as ridiculous.
They were taken as silly at first, hut with the development of the Good
Government congrr, where hundreds of honest citizens wrre being misled,
It became serious, and the entire thing Is going to be brought to light, of
ficers declare.
Hundred of citizens have made'
the statement that "If these chargea
are not true, why doesn't acmeone
deny them?" OFFICERS DECLARED
YESTERDAY THAT TKEY PUT TOO
MUCK FAITH IN THE INTELLI
CfJCfl OP THF PEOPLE. AND THEIR
yEN.-iE OF HUMOR, TO THINK IT
WAS NECESSARY. NOW. THEY FEEL.
WHEN INTELLIGENT AND HONEST
CITIZENS ARE BEING .LED INTO A
POLITICAL TRAP THE TIME HAS
COME TO BRING OUT THE FACTS.
Ranks Knows Facts.
Banks haa been advised of all the
facta in the F. A. Batea case, offi
cers declare, but refuses to believe
them. Banks has seen the threaten
ing le'.tera Batea haa written, but de
clarea they are forgerlea. HE HAS
CHARGED THE OFFICERS WITH
"BANISHING BATES FROM THE
COUNTRY" AND THEN INCLUDED
IN HIS OWN CONTRACT TO BUY
THE BATES PROPERTY THE PRO
VISION THAT BATES LEAVE JACK
SON COUNTY AND STAY AWAY,
proving that he, Banks, knows Bates
to be a trouble maker, or he would
not have Insisted that Bates leave
the country before buying the prop
erty. The Batea case la Just another ex
ample of the wsy Banks distort the
j tnith to hla followera. and has led
I hundreds of them to believe thet the
J
vXffSaaasB sj aar WtaBJa eaTaT'BTelTaBBJJ m
JAPANE
FROM
DRIVEN IN JEHOL
AS JAPSADVANGE
TUXGLIAO. Manrliurln, Feb. 21.
(AP) The Mnnclmkiioan forces of
General Chang Hal-Peng entered
Kallu, northeastern gateway to Jo hoi
province, today after dispersing gue
rillas en route. .
They stvept through the town and
marched on toward the southwest In
the general direction of Jehol cltv.
At noon a Japanese column com
manded by Major General Kenno
stike Mogl entered Kallu.
(By the Associated Press)
Their forces divided ino two spear
heads, one aimed toward Kallu, the
northern gateway, and the other to
ward Chaoyang, Japanese and Man
chukuoan forces are pushing onward
in their conquest of the Chinese
province of Jehol.
Rc porta from Changchun, capital
of the atate of Manchukuo, said 60,
000 Japanese and Manchukuoan
troops .had Jehol city as their ob
jective.' Chinese troops opposing
them were said to number 150,000.
There was heavy snow throughout
the region. ' "
The troops pointed toward Chao
yang, the second largest city In the
province, consisted chiefly of Japan
ese veterans who participated In Jan
uary In the seizure of Shanhaikwan,
Chinese coast city, south of the great
wall.
' Petplng advices said Chaoyang was
besieged by 30,000 troops. This in
formation came from General Tang
Yu-Lln, governor of jehol province.
Nanking and Pelpao also have been
abandoned to the Invaders, It was
admitted.
PORTLAND, Or?, Feb. 24. (AP)
New business In the western pine area
for the week ending February 16,
amounted to 21,324,000 .feet or 12.3
per cent below the previous week.
the Western Pine association said to
day. The report was based on returns
from 118 member mills, only 19 of
which were operating.
MAY RULE REPEAL
SALEM, Ore.. Feb. 24. (AP) The
convention plan of ratification or re
jection of the repeal of the 18th
amendment to the constitution of
the United. States waa adopted by
the house of representatives today by
a vote of 44 to 14 with two members
excused. Those voting against the
bill wera Belton, Clarke, Cooter,
Delch, Gordon, Johnson, Judd, Lew
la, Martin, McAlear, Oakea, Paget,
Weatherford and Wlns'jow. Keasey
and Price were absent.
The bill called for the election of
delegates at the next general or spe
cial election with no apecial election
to be called for thla purpose. Dele
gates will be controlled by the vote
In the county and pledged to vote In
accordance wtth the majority desires
of those In the county. Delegates
will be selected on the basis of pro
portional population, one lor each
TaWTap
Justice"
SE DELE
ASSEiVIB
Held in Extortion Attempt
fVj
Joe Bryant.
ROANOKE. Va., Feb. 34. -t-yP) Three younff defendants charged with at
tempting to extort $50,000 from Colonol Charles A. Lindbergh, by threats
to harm his second aon, were" bound over to 'the 'federal prand Jury meet
ing on July 3. when their cases were called this morning before United
States Commissioner Charles D. Fox.
In continuing the cases. Commissioner Fox allowed release of Joe Bry
ant, 19. and Norman Harvey. 30. held In Jail since their arrest, after Bry
ant attempted to cash a 17,000 ''planted" check, under bond of $1000
each. Harvey's wife has been at liberty on $5000 bond.
PILOT MURDERED WHILE
PLANE SOARS O'ER FARM
SAN BENITO. Tel., Feb. 24. (AP)
Seeking an explanation 'of the ap
parent alaylng In midair of an air
plane pilot and the aubsequent sui
cide of the killer, polios today de
tained Earl Dodson, ssld by officers
to have admitted ownership of the re
volver used In the tragedy.
A virtual all-night Investigation ap
parently added little to the story of
witnesses who BBld they saw a plane
splrsl to the ground, a dead man In
the front control seat.
Attack on Judge Norton
Called Horrid Example
Of Abuse of the Recall
(By Mary Oreiner Kelly.) 1 1
SALEM. Feb. 32. The recall peti
tion against Judge Norton was cited
in a house debate today, as a glaring
example of the abuses now existing
In the present law regulating the
recall of public officials. The sub
ject of the discussion was house bill
63 , wh lch proposes to con f 1 ne the
circulation end filing of such peti
tions within a 00-day period.
"Judge Norton has the best recoid
of any circuit- Judge in the atate of
Oregon." declared Representative
Tom Miller of Grants Pass, who was
warmly in favor of the bill. "And
yet, as he site on the banch. trying
to mete out Justice, thla Judge is
being constantly shot at from dark
and hidden places. It seems we
mould accord at least the same priv
ilege to a Judge on the bench that
we do to a prisoner."
Representative Lonergan, who
opened the debate on the bill, also
mentioned the name of Judge Nor
ton. He said that such a recall peti
tion was used merely as a club against
public officials.
R. F. C. HEARS PLEA
OF PEARGROWERS
According to a telegram received
this afternoon by S. flumpted Smith
from Charles L. McNsry. Oregon sen
ator, he stated that he had "again'
Lure Followers
GATES STALE!
LY OF
Norman Hnrvey.
Following the landing Erin McCall,
student filer, waa declared to have
leaped from the rear cockpit, raced
a few yards, then shot himself In
the head. Witnesses testified the
pilot, Lehman Nelson, 33, waa dead
from a wound In the back of the head.
George Wltiel, a farmer, teatlfled at
an Iruiuest he saw Nelsons head
hanging over the aide of the cockpit
five minutes beforo the ship landed
The plane waa flying low at the time
! and he said he could see a red smear
Ion the fuselage.
"Zangara was a gentleman," d-
clared Representative Dieoh of Port
land, "alongside those cowards who
will strike at a man In the dark.
Everyone know what Is going on
down In Jackson county. It his
happened in other communities. The
high-grade morons put up some mon
ey and the low-grsde morons circu
late the petitions in a concerted at
tack upon some public official's good
name."
And to prove that it waa a "good
bill and should pass; all but four
voted In favor of It.
Pity the poor lobbyist. He comes
to Snlem with an unlimited expense
account and a grip full of good in
ten tions. He takes a hotel room and
stores the good intentions In the
medicine cabinet.
His Job la to contact influential
legislators, who evade him like a bad
cold. They have plenty of good In
tentions of their own. He tries to
steer clear of gold-diggers. They
haven't any good intenttons, so set
(Continued on Page Five)
tton finance corporation loans to
pear growers suggesting Imperative
necesnlty of early financing of grow
ers. Board wired to western repre
sentative to go to Spokane and If
possible work out uniform program
which board believes can be done
within a week. I shall keep the mat
ter constantly before me." ,
Announcement has been received
here of the marriage in Klamath
Falls Monday of Miss Laura Oilman,
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George
Oilman, to Eddie Dally, also of Med-
LEAGUE
E
OF
E OF BREAK
GENEVA, Feb. 24 (AP) Meet
ing without the Japanese delega
tion this afternoon, the assembly
of the League of Nations ap
pointed an advisory committee of
21 members 10 plus Caundn and
llolluiid to serve as an execu
tive group In further dealing with
81 no-Japanese dispute.
GENEVA, Feb. 24. P The Jap
anese delegation walked out of the
assembly of the Leajjue of Nations
today after adoption of the report
condemning Japanese policy In Man
churla. and urging continuation of
non -recognition of the Japanese-1
sponsored state of Manchukuo.
The delegation announced that It
can no longer cooperate with the
league -on the Stno-Japane&a ques
tion. Slam alone abstained from voting.
Forty-two voted "yes."
The absentees were Cuba, Salvador,
Nicaragua, Peru.-, Bolivia, Paraguay
and Chile.
Yoeuke Matsuoka, head of the Jap
anese delegation, told the assembly,
however, that Japan would cooperate
with the league as far as circum
stances permitted.
When the Japanese delegation
walked out, Paul Hyama of Belgium,
the .chairman, dismissed the assem
bly to reconvene at 5 p. m. today.
While the situation was left some
what' confused. It waa clear that for
the present Japan has not withdrawn
from the league. Neither did M.
Matsuoka assert that Japan would
withdraw from -the league.
MISSING YOUTH
IN EVANS AREA
The body of Rusell Zumhaum, 19,
of Lodl, Calif., found yesterday morn
ing In about 314 'eet water In
Splgnet creek, where he waa drowned
after becoming lost late Tuesday night
ar early Wednesday morning, waa
brought to Medford Thursday after
noon by Coroner Frank Perl. The
missing youth waa found by a party
of Evans valley searchers, headed by
O. F. wllllama. he said.
Young Zumbaum had been In the
valley for the past month, vlaitlng
his step-brother. Enos Post, who haa
a cabin In the Evana Valley dlatrlct,
about two mllea from the Wllllama
place. According to Post, Coroner
Perl said, the young man left the
cabin about 10 o'clock Tuesday morn
ing for a hunting trip, and waa warn
ed before starting out not to go any
great distance, aa he wsa not accus
tomed to mountainous country,
One ahoe waa founa by the search
era, and one sock belonging to the
boy. Indicating, Perl aald, that he had
become distracted in hi inability to
locate the cabin. At one time, the
searching party reported, he had been
within 300 yarda of the Poet home,
but waa unable to get hla bearings.
Splgnet creek flows between two
canyons, and track showed mat xne
youth had climbed up and down the
ateep bank Innumerable times, be
coming completely exhausted.
Indlcatlona were that the young
man had stepped on a flat allck rock
In the bed of the creek. Perl aald. and
when he slipped and fell, he waa un
able to aave himself from downing
In the stream which was only ayj
feet In depth. The creek, at thla Junc
ture, waa aald to be about 10 feet In
width.
Russell Zumbaum la the aon of Mr.
and Mra. John Zumbaum of Lodl, and
It Is expected the body will be ship
ped there for burial.
Coroner Perl stated this afternoon
that he waa convinced death was ac
cidental, and that algned etatemenH
by members of the starching party
would be obtained, In order to tub-
stantlate the evidence.
Evana creek men who assisted Wll
llama in scouring the country look
ing for the lost youth were Ralph and
Ed Russell. Eldrlth Drake, Bill Han-
com and Fred Bolle
to Trap
El
Cures for Depression Ad
vanced at Hearing Hinge
On Balanced Budget
Roosevelt for Rail Reform
By PAUL MALLON.
Copyrighted by McClure Newspaper
Syndicate.
WASHINGTON. Feb. 24 Mr. Roose
velt's private ideas about railroad re- .
form dovetail generally with the rec
ommendations of tho Cool Id ge com-'
mission.
The boys In the front line leglsla-'
tlve trenches here havo been told to
hold their fire until his Inaugural ad-
dress. It will recommend complete
reorganization of the I. C. O.. and
accept other major ideas of the re
port. The big rail matt In congress.
Senator Couzens, holds similar views.
That comes very near making It
certain that you will see railroad re
form in the next six months.
Senators put heir feet on the table
and guffawed at some of the so
called business leaders who came here
to tell them how to cure the depres
sion. The business mon had naive
ideas about government. They gave
the appearance of witnesses prompted
to repeat over and over again; "We
must balance the budget.
Few knew what waa tn the budget
or had any Idea how to go about bal
ancing It. .. .. '
Their Ignorance caused much merri
ment among the legislators. Soma
of the choicest remarks of the win
ter sesson were passed around the
cloakrooms. -
'We get these fellows before the
atook market committee first to tell
how they caused the depression," aald
one, "and then awltch them over to
the Harrison committee to tell ua
how to cure It."
We will not get out of the depres
sion until we get some neT business
leadera." aald another.
I think Senator Harrison got them
all down hero to expose, their Igno
rance," aald a third
It waa a relief to have someone to
pick on for. a change.
The whisper around the Inaull
hearlnga among those In the know
waa that more Indlctmenta are com
ing shortly In Chicago. Young Inaull
la not on the Hat of those to be In
dicted. Apparently he did not know
much that went on. He does now.
The big witnesses were handled by
the committee with kid gloves. It
waa "Mr. Young thla" and "Mr. Young
that" for Owen Young. The exami
nations of Oeneral Dawea and Melvln
Traylor were also exoesalvely polite.
Behind the calling of this trio was
the determination of the committee
to preserve the bi-partisan political
(Continued on Page Twelve)
WILL
ROGERS
BEVERLY HILLS, Gal., Feb.
23. Well, for. breakfast this
morning we . got three new
cabinet 'officers. Cordell Hull,
a mighty fine, able man. Ever
since I been going to political
conventions- no matter who the
rest of the world nominated,
Jefferson, Jackson, Wilson,
Smith or Koosevelt, Tennessee
went for Cordell Hull. Their
loyalty has been rewarded. See
retnry of state is quite a chore
in these times.
This fellow Wondin that has
inherited the deficit, I don't
know him, but I along with
everybody, rush to offer him
condolence. Accepting receiv
ership of the Ul S. is also no
small chore.
Swanson for the navy post is
ideal. He did inherit a navy. If
congress don't kill it with no
appropriations.
Tours,