Field Men Represent Jl
of Encouraging Aviation X
-Sr 2-2 V.-. w-so. -swjpr .1 noiiRi F action I
r lV'mL. 4 J t&o, 1 Lv L ! foroter38 years
0
mciusxrsai concerns
Aid Safe Air Travel.
r.y WILLIAM f. ilacCRAVKEX, JR.
.'.slstant Secretary 0 Commerce lor Acronaxn'ut
ARRIVING nt your airport this afternoon or it may
be at almost any time is a plane with this insignia
on its fuselage: A pair of wings enclosing a shield
with an aerial beacon and a replica of the Wright broth-
cia (uijnauu in wnun man
:Jnadu his first successful
llight in a power driven
heavier than air machine, all
within a double circle bear
ing the words, "Aeronau
tics Branch, Department -of
Commerce." The pilot of
iho plane, who is known at
your airport, stops out, prob
ably draKBliit' Willi him a couple
of brief cases bulging with exam
ination papers of those seolilug It
reuses as pilots aucl mechanicians.
Tho chances are ho Immediately
sets up his headquarters at a near
by place, working on the papers at
light, and spending the days at
the airport watching tho flying ot
applicants Tor licenses or himself
. Dying in planes for inspection pur
poses. This man represents the
(iovcrnmcnt in its important task
ot encouraging aviation under regu
lations Jestgned to prumoto sufo
(lying and adequate, landing facul
ties. Fly.V.g Field Inspectors
The public has heard noihing or
very little about the Department of
Commerce's flying fluid Inspectors.
It reads an increasing volume of
material about airmen who succeed
In ocean crossings. In distance and
duration tests and doubtless is also
stirred by the romantic appeal that
fastens to the air mall pilot who
Hies by day and ulglit in any
weather.
, The Department of Commerce
field men, in many instances, have
led or shared in nir achievement
which have been Hist pago news.
Tlicy have bad long experience in
(lying, some with I lie army or navy,
and dthers with tlic I'ost Ollice De
partment. In their njimbcr is a
war ace and several men wbo saw
service over the lilies on the West
ern Trout. '
Colonel Lindbergh's devotion to
aviation and the progress ot com
mercial Hying has ben a VeveUt-
Hon. This some quality I. alo con
spkuous In the 0 ot C Held men
ami In fact Its i.rejenco has played
a large part in their selection tor
the posts they occupy. In a sonso
thiy personify the spirit of the
Government's Interest in aviation,
suggesting as an appropriate Inset
In the Department ot Commerce In
signia. a modern plane pointing the
new era of commerce by air to
contrast with thoso days when the
American clipper ship put the
United States in the forefront of
world commerce.
Promotion and Regulation of
- Aeronautics.
Tho air commerce act, approved
May 20, 1926, provided comprehen
sively for the promotion and regu
lation of civil aerouautlcs. Among
other things It provided for the
establishment and maintenance of
civil airways and their equipment
with intermediate landing fields,
beacon lights. Signal and radio ap
paratus and other aids to air navi
gation; the establishment ot air
traffic rules: the Inspection and li
censing of aircraft: the collecilon
and dissemination of iiifonualoii
pertaining to air commerce and t lie
stale of the art. including data con
cerning the causes or accideuts:
the establishment of a suitable
weather service on airways: the
chai liug of airways, and the pnbll
cation of air maps: Hie promotion
ot air commerce, ludumry and
trade: and the comliict ol scientific
research and development work
lending to the Improvement of fa
cilities for air navigation. The act
provided tor the rating of air ports
as to suitability, and mr the en
couragement of the establishment
and maintenance ot air .ports by
municipalities.
The act did not create a now bu
reau in the Department ot Com
nierce to perform these functions.
The Intention was that, so far as
practical, the duties imposed by
the act should be distributed among
existing agencies ot the depar
luent.
The greatest problem before the
department was that ot creating
a satisfactory regulation system.
Several conferences were held with
representatives of the aircraft In
dustry after which the first Air
Commerce Rcgulailons cro draft
ed and put Into effect This was
on December 31, V.M. llnder IK
system ot examination and liccns
ing of alrmon and aircraft a Held
force of nkilled pilots and engi
neers, who also enforce the air
trafUc rules and Investigated acci
dents, was provided.
Licensing of Pilots
The personnel of the air regula
tions division must obviously ps
sasa unusual qualifications. Except
ing clerical and offlcj toiicr, ll'.cy
must be especially expert in idi
various phases of aeronautics.
iSS- - a " ...... .4,. .wLJ i SmSSSSSl
cIrmanV Blfi FIELD OF BALLOONS AT BRUSSELS. BELGIUM ' j j SSSJ
. bT I I W. WRWAY MAP OF THE UNITED STATES ot,ARTMENT or COMMEBCe I i B??ig
j Jfjt. CIOMAUlK;t RANCH W .v j ,
, i yjHo. vmco . ycATLL, jf ) y nash
4,,''t' 'mf ,'. . y C ' f Barber
' ink - -- k r ) ( (Cmz 'Jr Shop
lWfri' ( f I nvcI Has Been
ShSZT-- y--" ' CARL BOWMAN
I"'! I sfpfiV' vfc J? m .t.a ,F.B.d) cc fY ! and
'VS f OTJIiCp ' vV"1"" if Jouo-.oc.ra.' "N",ra--fj1 ,.v,u. ( HUGO DAILEY
X vh fewl'F t lI n HiTr 'C"""" 108 East Main
, i';liriii 1 """"v .hv,u.X ts i
ISMM' '. 1 ""Tt- f dance-
ISMP- TTX;' "" JL ' cMNii ' ! : Wednesday ;
iflfeP - - SSSk " A ' "tCX-co j 'Saturday Nites
Yih rP'H .VtrT 14 lrJt ' I i MEDFORD'S NEWEST
F lT k 11 r S : . UA ! pavil.cn
THE NFWAND VM f I W1 ftAlAf ' tnwAY under mail contract Yfr Q.. V??'L!laum ,
OLD MCOHMEliCPi'S , 1 A.WY UND.R MA.LCONTRACT BUT NOT YET OPERATING -TTTn...,
WI.U in Hill.re.i.c 5" T - f Jf F I AIRWAY ON WHICH MAIL CONTRACTS ARE ADVERTISED OR PENDING MNAjLr- h. - 1
I Aeronautical engineers and Inspec
tors arc required -cnpaule of advis
ing with manufacturers and techni
cians and determining the airwor
lliiness and suitability of new air
craft, both prior to and during con
struction. Including the examination
and checking ot technical data,
drawings, and diagrams. Th? in
spection of aircraft and the exami
nation and licensing of pilots and
mechanicians require a force of In
spectors skilled in the maintenance
and operation of aircraft, with pi
loting ability well above t:ie aver
ago, and with good personality.
The act provides for I lie determi
nation of the physical litness of li
censed pilots and of applicants for
licenses a service that can be
performed only by physicians with
knowledge ot flight requirements.
Tho physical Illness of licensed
pilots must be checked at suitable
intervals. A medical director is in
charge of giving physical cxamina-
tons to pilots and to applicants for
pilots' licenses and about two hun
dred physicians and surgeons at
various points throughout the couu
try serve as medical examiners for
the aeronautics branch.
Licensing of Planes
The Air Commcrco Act requires
that all airplanes oiieratcd in inter,
stale commurco be licensed. This
has resulted in the setting of stand
ards for airplane construction In
order to meet the requirements of
the Department of Commerce.
Manufacturers whusc products
meet rtiese requirements Rre grant
ed approved type ccrlllicales upon
request, by authority or which they
may build oilier nirph.uci ot the
same typo. This alurds on add!
tioii.il means for the public lo dis
tinguish between the airworthy and
the uuairworthy plane.
All licensed planes must have
been approved by the deparlmAit
as safo for operations Planes
bearing merely idcnlllK-atlon num
bers may alao be sale, but the ap
pearance of llio letter "ISC or C In
connection with the number Is the
only true safeguard tj the lay pub
lic New Era in Air Coijm:r:e
The establishment ot transconti
nental Lir routes by Hie Post Oflice
Department was the beginning of
the present era of air commerce on
.1 safe and sane basis and the new
slop which has been taken with
the organization of scleral com
blned railroad an-1 airplane trans
portation schemes is good evidence
of t lie progress that has been made.
Coder this system railroads and
aircraft will be used tr transport
passengers on the Iicm possible
sch pilules.
'j'lepread interest in lins di
l.iiue flying coming as It has otter
a remarkable demonstration of the
value and reliability of air mail ban
-
"-li1 y re su 1 1 e d In an Increased
v I t 1 !?pnsn.lcnmtD on cqmirict iiruil nrr I rl I I I
1 J' ' t I ip PASSENGER OR EXPRESS ROUTE OR DOTH ( W . uiid) yjUTXii'A ',Vv. V
desire to use this
new transportn
1 1 0 1. both in
business and for
pleasure. The
economic neces
sity for air trail"-
port has thus been
created. Proof of
this is seen in the
rapid expansion ot tho
contract air mall lines,
many of which now carry
passengers . and express.
These lines aro achieving suc
cess on tho solid foundation ot
privatg enterprise aiiL liavo al
ready set up a remarkable record
without any subsidies such as aro
given to promote aviation In other
countries.
Similarity of Air and Auto
Development,
fu-many obvious ways tho nir-
piano and the automobile have
striking similarly in their Intro
duction nml their use as well as
In their engineering construction.
Today travel by nir excltca tho
same inlerest'as traveling by motor
car twenty years ago. 'i'te airplane
has certain dellnlte advantages
over tho automobile In Its Initial
stages. It Is benelltlng by years of
experience in automotive engine
t FLYING IN
construction. When '.he outomoblleacconipllshed on aircraft engine
appeared gasollno was a waste
product at the oil refineries, and it
was several years boforo it was
generally adapted to the needs of
the internal combustion engine.
The airplane derives the' henry's
of fuel manufacture and research
which has rendered gasoline the
universal motor fuel and haa made
possible the tremendous expansion
in the use of the automobile..
Research on Aviation-Fuel and Oil
Research on aviation fuel Is keep-
! ing pace with the aircraft engine
' - M i": :( jv JLr4SV A ' . bA. in. t i.. ,1.. n..i, . I n ..wmi.o nr bnnm Hit f tmn ln la
V jia W j, 'r Xfi "X s-JRnx - T fc States anil n larsa num. " at.
WILLIAM P.
MACCRACKENdp.
cfssetdit
Sichviary of,
Commerce for
tferonatc-tcs
. f.I -ohwjtW , - ... .. I
BATTLE. FORMATION
manufacturer. Much of this ro
soo,rcli Is being done directly in the
laboratories of the petroleum com
panies, while Government depart
ments, nolaljy the Bureau of
Standards, the Navy and War De
partments, are conducting extensive
experiments and tests and have
been tor a numbor ot years.
Not oven secondary t. the work
being done on fuel, Is that being
lubrication. Here again petroleum
is the rource from which this most
essential element in the perfect
operation of the moloj- Is derived,
and the technical staffs of the oil
and aircraft engine manufacturing
Industries as well as of appropriate
(Iovcrnmcnt department!, are doing
Invaluable work In this cmnectlon.
Another pronounced advantage Is
that a supply of suitable fuel Is
n"un"l. Wbn tho nutomobile
first appeared on I lie roads It was
dlfllciili to mako any considerable
. , SpZ 4 i' V-Ll I . llio number ' " other way V'FZihjlJiiJ
"XarfjrV iK!4fi5 nt airports the name of tho city or of nearby . Mlf1lQUL
u ' i - LU7 or nlrwuyn morca Is urging sui:li air marking. VKSfJsB hmtS.
journey without taking along In tho
car a supply of gasoline. There,
were no filling stations and curb
pumps along tho highways but
practically the Hist equipment on
the ground at a new airport Is the
aviation fuel station.
Importancs of Airports
Given tho same progress In en
glne construction and reliability as
well as safety that marked Hit:
growth of the automobile, the prog
res of the airplane rests on the
establishment ot sulta lc airports
and landing fields. In fi.ct, the -!r-port
and airway- night be likened
In their rela'lons to the progress
of aeronautics lo the effee ot the
landing nisi Improvement of good
rouds on automobile expansion.
Nature lias provided too air space
but airporls. Intermediate, landing
fields, and other grot"'- aids to
aviation am necusnnry to the estab
llshment ift a real airway.
There has been a zreat growth
tho number
nt airports
rondors the
extension ot
air trans
port 1 1 hoc
or ulrwiiyo
much easier
than w as
t or m e r I y
the cusu.
.At one
time a city
net on I lie
E GAS
FILLING STATION
MOVES FROM PLANE
TO PLANE ' -
air mail route could seo no reason
to construct an airport, but oil ac
count of tho miscellaneous opera
Hons now In cxlstenro and tho In
crcasingly wldo uso of the airplane
in general business, no clly can
afford to neglect this Important
matter. As a result, cities fur off
the present routes arc building
good ulrports. This Is not only pro
viding bases tor the miscellaneous
operators but Is also attracting the
scheduled air lines. 1
Markers on Air Routes
Just as the driver or tho uutoino
hlle likes to know where ho is "at"
on the road so docs tho alrptana
pilot when ho is in tho ulr. One of
tho Department, of Commerce fly
Ing men reports lo mo: '
"Jones a well known civilian
pilot had a bad tlmo hctnro duxk
lust evening. Ho expected to make
Wright Held but got Into trouble,
llo knew he was near a small town
and that Willi. luck he might see
a marker on top ot one of the oil
storage tanks along a railway sid
ing on the outskirts of tho town.
It happened that this murker not,
only would give him his exuet loca
tion but would also tell him that
nut 0110 hundred yards from It n
an excellent Held for such a lund-
Ing as ho now bad lo make. He
dropped, found ho was right about
the marker and made the landing
In the farmer's' field."
This Is not a fur-felched III nitra
tion of the point that marking nt
airways not only Is a convenience
to pilots n establishing their loco
Hon and the distances of travel
but Is a direct aid to safely In air
travel. In such markers Hie expe
rienced pilot has an added focal
point for an Intimate study ot the
With air travel developing more
rapidly Ilia 11 tho Installation of aids
to nnvlgntlon, tho marking ot cities
has become nn Important nocd. On
the Pacific Const, In tho Mlddli
West and olsowherc, petroleum
companies have led thu way, mark
ing 011 tho roofs of buildings, in
storage tanks aud In other ways
the name of tho city or of nearby
cities, sometimes Willi arrows
pointing to airports or landing
Holds with tho lutorvuilllg miles
Indicated. The Dopurtment ot Com
merce Is urging such air marking,
especially In tho smaller vllluges.
It reports Hint more than 2,0(10
towns and cities liavo been "air
marked" - by municipalities, aoro
clubs, , factories, office buildings,
fuel companies and others.
Railroads have beeu urged to
pnlnt tho names of stations on
roofs, slid two companies have defi
nitely undertaken Hi) program.
O110 largo oil company namely,
the Standard Oil Company ot In
diana has marked 'JSO ol its sta
tions In as ninny towns In ten
states and 000 moro .uch signs are
scheduled. In soven other states
llio Standard Oil Company ot Cali
fornia has marked nearly 500 ot
Its structures, while other similar -concerns
have undertaken such
markings.
, Light Beaconi
The dlfllculty of night flying Is
being rapfllly overcome by lighting
mid other aids to aviation. Light
beacons liavo been cxtcnslvoly con
structed on routes whore thero Is
night flying, and In this connection
Industrial concerns hnvo again
helped materially. For instunce.
tho Standard Oil Company ot Cull
torn la recently Instnllec two light K
beacons, ono at ML Diablo and an
other at Los Angeles In California,
and three more are undor construc
tion by this company ou sites near
San Diego, California: Portland,
Oregon, and Scallla, Washington.
Among other industrla' . concerns
which ha e Installed boncons In
different parts of tho country nro
Quaker Oats Company, the Statlcr
Hotel Company, the Olson Rug
Company, the Alabama P wer Com
pany, Greonebaiim Sons Investment
Company.,
All In all, there Is developing In
aircraft activity and In aids td nav
igation a coordination of effort
which promise'; the solution of
many problems and Is laying the
foundation for air travel along such
sound lines Hut the widening use
of Hie airplane for commerce and
tleaAure Is JncvUjibljtx ,
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