MEDFOTCD MATL TRTTCTOTTC, MEDFORD. OT?RfiOX. TUESDAY. SEPTKMDER 17, 1018
PAGE THREE
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ESSEN S CAPTURE
NIL
WAR
STATES EXPERT
Fortifications on West Bank of Rhine
Valuable After Metz is Taken by
Americans Forts ofl no Use to
Stem Invasion as Proved Early in
Present War.
(By J. W. T. Mason, famous military
authority.)
NEW YORK, . Sept. 3 7. When
America's millions oegln their inva'
sion of German territory, in the final
offensive of the war, they will be
able to cross the Rhino at many
points if the necessities of the cam
palgn require It. '
The German army cannot retire
behind the Rhine, lake up defensive
positions, and defy the world to do
Its worst. The Rhine is vulnerable.
Furthermore, every important city
on the Rhine is situated on the west
bank. America's armies will not-have
to cross the river to capture Strass
burg, Mayence, Coblence or Cologne.
They are ready now for seizure on
the near side.
But, before reaching the Rhine,
the Americans must first break Ger
many's great offensive Jlne, which
runs from Metz, southward to Cha
teau Sallns, then southeast thru Saar
burg to Strassburg. -Snurbllrg
Key to Lino
This front, across the border from
French Lorraine, Is Germany's first
stronghold against invasion. It is
probably the most heavily fortified
line in the world, and the most scien
tifically constructed. Back of It is a
remarkable net of military railways,
constructed years ago for the pur
pose of preventing a French army
getting into Germany. The key to
the line is Saarburg, wjiere immense
strategic railway yards have been
constructed.
The defenses have been planned
with unusual care, not only because
they guard the Rhine. Immediately
to the north of the line are the great
coal and iron fields of the Saar dis
trict. These fields are one of the
three main mining groups In Ger
many. If ibcy are captured by the
Americans, as they will be,' Ger
many's munitions output will be ser
iously curtailed. One reason for be
lieving that General Pershing's plan
of campaign calls for an invasion of
Germany northward thru Lorraine Is
because of the location of the Saar
mines so near to the American front
in France.
llliino-Kvtensively Fortified
Having moved back the Mctz-Cha-
teau Salins-Saarburg line, and hav
ing got possession of the Lorraine
minoral area, the Americans may
then be expected to reach out further
east for the Rhine, and widen their
front.
The Rhine Is lavishly supplied with
.fortress protection. From the Swiss
border northward, the principal for
tresses are Neu Broisach, Strassburg,
Germersholm, Mayence (or Mainz),
Coblence (with Ehrcnbreitstcln, Co
logne and Wesel. Of these, the only
fortresses on the east bank are Wosel
which is a defense against invasion
i fronj Holland, and Ehrcnbrcitstein.
Regardless of their situation, the
valuo of these fortresses for defon
slvo purposes has been greatly re
duced by tactical developments dur
ing the past four years. Before the
present war began, many believed In
the Impregnability of tho Rhine line.
Not so now. Tho German guns that
reduced Liege, Antwerp, Maubeuge
and other entrenched camps early in
the war, nuido ohsoleto tho Rhine
fortifications.
V'Msy Murk for IUk films
Tho allies now have similar cannon
of their own. At lang range they
will be able to pulverize any fortified
German position above ground which
the kaiser may be foolhardy enough
to defend.
ThlB doesn't mean tho Germans
cannot protect a single point along
the Rhino by a lavish use of men
The French defended Verdun, but II
wasn't Verdun that defended France
Verdun, equal in strength to any
Rhine fortification, was held from
tho enemy not by Its own Immobile
guns, but by the Infantry and mobile
cannon that protected tho citadel In
distant , outlying positions.
80 it will he when tho Americans
reach the Rhine. The Germans msy
cling tenaciously to Strassburg, Co
logne or any other one point, hut
they haven't got enough men to cling
to all of them, and keep the Rhine
inviolate. It will be part of the
American stratcev to try to prevent
Ludendorff from accumulating a suf
ficient reserve to hold even a slnglo
Verdun permanently along the Rhine
To do this, the battlefront on German
soil must be made very Ion
SiiHrlir In lniiwnver
mans are called upon to defend, the
weaker will he their reserves. On I
the other band, the allies will he so
superior In manpower that their own
roservos will not suffer thru an en
largement of the front.
The Rhine runs thru a wide valley
from the SwIes border as far as May
ence. The banks are low and flat.
Tho river is wide, vurying from SOU
to 350 feet, but at many points
there are islands which will mater
ially assist military .bridge making.
Above Mayence, the banks are rock
and difficult to bridge. But, begin
ning at Coblence, , these obstacles
grp,lually disappear, and at Cologne,
the west bank is flat, tho there are
hills across the river.
The rock sides of the riyor are a
protection for Frankfurt from a wes
tern npproach, but do not prevent a
sortie across the river from the
south. Frankfort Is about 20 miles
east of the Rhine, and will certainly
be a point of attack If General Persh
ing makes a serious effort to carry
the war back of the Rhine barrier.
Frankfort is the financial capital of
Germany, and' its enpture would bo
Inforior in importance, politically,
only to J!:s calculation of Dcrlln,
Cologne or Hamburg.
' Sock to Iteach Cologne
Proceeding northward along the
Rhine, the Americans will probably
seek to reach Cologne. The fall of
Cologne would threaten Germany
with strangulation. In the Immedi
ate environs of Cologne the second of
Germany's three great coal and iron
fields is located. Dusseldorf. the
center of the mining district, is 25
miles north of Cologne, and the great
Krupp works at Essen are about 20
miles still further northward.
An advance by the Americans to
Essen would mean the ending of the
war, unless the Germans acknowledge
defeat before that catastrophe over
takes them.
Probably Essen marks tho furthest
limit of America's war plans for the
time being. Cologne Itself, which
would be tho base for operations
against Essen, is on a line almost
parallel to Brussels. Expressed this
way,, the distance doesn't seem so far.
tho by direct measure from the pres
ent American front It is about 150
miles away. The terrain is about
the same as that over which the pres
ent fighting is proceeding in France,
except that in one or two places,
there are hills which run to moun
tainous proportions. Nevertheless,
nothing Impregnable stands in the
way.
Essen's Full Ends War
While the main American' offensive
will probably move northward along
the Rhine from Lorraine, a subsid
iary drive may well be developed In
Alsace, to the south. The Rhine is
more easily crossed in Alsace than
elsewhere. "
By moving to the cast bank and
striking Into Baden, two Important
purposes will be served. First, south
Germany, which has no love for Prus
sian arrogance, will be given a bitter
tasto of tho world's resentment
against tho llohenzollcrns. Second.
and Important, the lino of battle will
be lengthened.
Von lllndcnliurg Is now trying to
abridge his front In France so as to
accumulate enough reserves to make
concentrated defense possible
against tho Amerkans insido German
territory. He will be unable to carry
out this strategy If, after his line Is
shortened In France, It Is stretched
across the Rhine well Into Germany.
RUSSIAN PEOPLE
FIRED OF
TO WELCOME ALLIES
5000 IONS OF OLD'
CLOUS FOR BELGIANS
WASHINGTON', Sept. 17. Five
thousand tons of clothing for tho des
titute people of occupied Belgium
and France Is tho object of a cam
paign announced today by tho Amer
ican Red Cross for the week begin
ning next Monday. The clothing drive
of the Ked Crtfss last March brought
In fiOOO tons of garments and It Is
estimated that at least as mu'ch more
will be required to clothe the ten mil
lion people in the territory during
tho coming winter.
DANISH KING DECORATES
FORMER U. S. AMBASSADOR
f'OI'KXII.UiKS", Sept. 17. Kin
t.hriMinn bestowed llie Lrrnnd cross ol'
the Order of Duiinchro'jr on Dr. Mau
rice V. Kgnn, former American 11111
biissndor lo Denmark. This is tin
highest decoration which can he
awarded a commoner. '
Men Keel Tired, Too
while much Is said about tired
women It must be remembered that
men also pay the penalty of over
work. When the kidneys aro weak
Inactive or sluggish, when one feels
tlted out and miserable, lacks energy
and ambition. Foley Kidney Pills
are tonic and strengthening. Win
II. Clark, Springfield, Ohio, writes:
"I found no relief from kidney trnu
bl until I discovered Foley Kidney
Pills. Now I am In A I shape." They
HH'r V-lv' find e'T'lv
(By Harold Edwin Bechtol.)
LONDON, Sept. 17 "The Russian
people as a whole will, 1 believe, wel
come allied intervention, ' said Sir
George Buchanan, British ambassa
dor to Russia for years, In an Inter
view today.
Sir George is recognized as one of
tho foremost authorities on Russian
affairs in Groat Britain.
My hope is," he continued, "that
when the allies set up an organiza
tion In Russia it will be the nucleus
of a great force to which all patriotic
Russians will rally."
In granting this Interview, Sir
George made it clear that he was ex
pressing his own personal views and
was not speaking for the British gov
ernment.
Tho former ambassador takes no
stock in the theory that the allied ex
pedition will arouse antagonism
among the Russian millions and in
crease the power of those who are
seeking to exploit tho east. As he
explained:
"The Russians I refer now to the
vast majority of the people feel
that their country is going to rack
and ruin; their Industry is rusting
away; their agriculture is In a more
or less moribund state; their country
has been split up Into small states;
hunger and disease aro everywhere;
and the greatest organized power in
most of the country is the Bolshovikl
army, made up largely of Austrian
and German prisoners.
People Tired of Anarchy
"German rule has failed to bring
order and peace in tho Ukraine and
elsewhere. The people aro tired of
the prevailing anarchy.
"Certainly it seems to me that tho
time Js ripe when all Russians who
love their country will welcome nn
expedition by friends who promlso
relief.
"I do not like the word 'interven
lion." It Is too likely to be mis
interpreted to mean interference In
Russian Internal affairs, which Is, ot
course, the farthest thing from tho
minds of the allies, as has been force
fully pointed out by President Wil
son. 1 should prefer to use the words
'military and economic assistance.'
"President Wilson struck the key
noto when he said that he was deter
mined to 'stand by Russia.' And that
Is what we have all got to do.
First Htep Military
"The first step taken in . Russia
must of necossity be military, be
cause wo must certainly, In any event
and whatever tho force required, res
cue tho gallant Czecho-Slovaks who
aro cut off In European Russia and
Siberia. And It Is also necessary first
to set up an organization.
But right on the heels of this
should come relief economic assis
tance and food. That Is what the
allies promlso.
'When I returned from Russia 1
was most disturbed to find in. Great
Britain resentment over the defection
of Russia and a general feeling ot
hopelessness over tho eastern situa
tion.
"1 said In a speech then, nnd I say
now: 'Russia Is not dead!' But sho
cannot recover health and strength
without outsldo help; she cannot
hopo to tnke In hand the work of In
dustrial and economic reconstruction
without the aFslstnnco of foreign
capital nnd, foreign technl'cnl advlsv
era. That capital and (hat expert
ad vice, must como from tho allies and
not from Gormany."
Must L'so Japan's Army
Referring to a foeling In some
quarters Hint "tho war will bo won In
tho west," and that nnytblng else
where Is a "sideshow," Sir Goorgc
said:
"It Is truo, ot course, that the
military decision will bo won in the
west, and that It woujd bo a mistake
lo divert any considerable number ot
troops from that theater of war.
"Wo cannot, however, mako the
mistake of allowing Germany to
establish her military and economic
domination over Russlaf for If she li
able to draw men and supplies from
Hussia she will bo able to prolong
the war for years.
"We must prevent this at all cosls,
and if wo cannot spare men from the
west wo must appeal to Japan to send
whatever troops are required for the
purpose
'Wo must not, however, forget
that If onco Germany gets Russia
Into her clutches, sho will hold to
her prey despite all the victories wc
may gain In the west, and that It
Germany becomes mistress of tho
cast sho will have won tho war
l'p to the ltiilnn
"The establishment of the eastern
front onew Is a question which the
Russians must answer for them
selves. Hut they cannot answer II
when they have no chance to express
which every truo Russian so ardently
desires.
"Let up remember that if tho Ger
mans aro allowed to carry out tliolr
plans In the east, there can ho 110
hope for the perpetual peace which
we are fighting In tho west to attain.
"Germany as mistress of the east
with Its enromous natural resources
and Immense population, would bo a
perpetual menace to tho peaoo of tho
entire world.
"Russia is not only important;
! Russia Is vital! '
"Germany's object In the war,
henceforth, will undoubtedly bo to
make concessions in the west to gain
free hand in the east.
"Peace on such tonus would be
very alluring to our pacifists, but for
tho allies to accept such terms would
bo nothing short of suicide!"
PM
LAPSES NOV. 9IH
ITAIN'S L
STOCKHOLM, Sept. 17. Whole
sale executions are increasing in
Petrograd, private telegrams received
by the way of Helsingfors, report
during the past week 812 persons
were executed;, of more than four
hundred others on the prescribed list,
most have been made hostages.
All persons of the rank of council
lors of state have been imprisoned.
147,520 IONS OF
, 13 DAYS
WASHINGTON, Sept. 17. Twenty-six
ships with n Urml weight lon
najre ot M7,"'J0 were delivered to the
shinning lionrd byr American yards
1!1 days, -of tins
WASHINGTON, Sent. 17. "The
treasury department aain reminds !
holders ol' -l per cent Liberty loan
bonds that tho.e securities aro eon-j
vertibli! into -P per cent bonds of the 1
Third Liberty loan, and extends n
warning that this rivileji'O lapses 1
Novendier 1) ami cannot be renewed.
A statement issued over the signa
ture of Secretary McAdoo says:
"Holders of these 4 per cent bonds
lest noUiini: by exercising (he privi
lege of conversion and pain one
fourth per cent interest per annum.
Holders of -I per cent bonds should
not wait until the last moment to ex
ercise the privilege of conversion but
proceed to do so promptly. Delay
will result in overburdening the. bank
ing institutions of the country and
the treasury department, by making ij
necessary to handle all conversions
at the last moment, and may result in
the loss of the privilege of conver
sion altogether.
"I lolders of coupon bonds are
strongly advised to request issue of
registered bonds, in order to protect
themselves against the risk of loss,
theft and destruction of their bonds.
"Official Department Circular -No.
11 1, with forms of application, has
been distributed to Federal Koserve
banks and banks and trust compa
nies throughout the United Stares.
These institutions are asked as n
mailer oi patriotic service 10 assist (
bond boycrs m exchanging 4 per cent
bonds for 4Vi pvr cent bonds and in
registering their bonds."
LONDON, Sept. 17. Before the
war the people of this country spent
ssoo.000.000 a your for drink Now
they spend $1,200,000,000. Never
tholoss there is not half the drunken.
ness in these war tlmos that thore
was hi 1913. Heavy taxation to pro
vide war funds accounts for tho pub-
lie's increased drink bill, not further
indulKeneo. In fact, oxcossivo drink
lug has declined more than SO per
font, and there has beon an enormous
gain In national efficiency-:
All this bas come about, Lord
D'Abernon, clnilrman of tho liquor
control board, told tho Associated
Press, as a result of the war regula
tions introduced by the government
"There Is great ground for hope,
ho said, "that the progress made
I toward temperance under war condl
lions won't be lost, that it will' be
(continued by post-war action along
I lines similar to the restrictions now
in force."
I Such action must como, if taken
("mm rtaclliiniPnt Tlifi llfrt (if (tin
present regulations will terminate
ono year after peace has been declar
ed. According to Lord L'Abernon
Is certain that tho country never will
go back to pre-war conditions.
Tho board's regulations limiting
the hours for tho sale of liquor, cut
ting down 'the alcoholic content o:
both spirits and beer,' and abolishing
treating wero taken to rnthor kindly,
on tho whole, In Lord D'A-bornon's
opinion.
AS YOUNG AS
YOUR KIDNEYS
The seerot of youth Is elimination
of poisons from your body. This
done, you enn live to be a hundred
and enjoy tho good things ot life with
as much "pep" as you did when In
the springtime of youth. Keep your
body In good condition, that's the
secret.
Watch tho kidneys. The kidneys
and digestive organs nre the main
causes. The kidneys filter and puri
fy the blood. All tho blood passes
thru your kidneys onto every three
minutes. They strain or filter out
tho impurities. That is their work.
Keep them clean and in proper work
ing condition and you have nothing
to four. Drive the poisonous wastes
nnd deadly uric acid accumulations
from your system. Tnke Qold Medal
Haarlem Oil Capsules at Intervals
and you will always be In perfect
working order. You will feel strong
and vigorous. Nerves and muscles
will he olastlc nnd your face will
radiato youth nnd health. Gold Medal
Haarlem Oil Capsules are Imported
direct from the laboratories at llnar
lom, Holland.
They are not a patent medicine.
but a guaranteed remedy which has
been used 'by the sturdy Dutch for
over 200 years and which has helped
them to develop into one of the stron
gest and healthiest races In the
world. Get them from your.drugglst.
Do not take a substitute. In sealed
packages three sizes. Adv.
WASHINGTON, ' Kepi. 17.
li'nisc has rejected nmciuhucntt
The
i the
ji n -
dnritiir Hie I'irsl.
inniilb (be hniu-il announced todav. i revenue bill designed to cxenii
Dnvinu- Ibis same noYiml '2H steel mid i "'s "f president, federal jinl-ic
Wood ships of 1.")II,"I70 (lend weight
ton were launched.
nml stale, municipal nnd eountv tif-
licinls from IVdern income f ti.-ilinu.
BRAZIL CANCELS LICENSES
FOR GERMAN INSURANCE
Kit) UK JANIICliO, Monday, Sept
Hi. Tluv llrnziliiin government ha
cancelled I lie licenses of German in
stirimce companies. s
'heir '
was t nr w to m
The ts
Th:'s :z cr.s of ths Swift & Company Branch House Men.
They are all pretty much aliko in the way Ihey feel
toward their work and that is what this' ad is about.
They know that most people couldn't get such good
meat promptly and in good condition if it weren't for the
branch houses of which they are in charge.
They know that the branch house is one of tho most
important Jink3 in tho chain cf preparing and distributes
meat for a nation.
They know that Gwiffc Cc Company must have its
branch houses run at the highest notch of usefulness; that
even a Swift & Company branch house won't run itself, and
that it is up to ths branch hrusc rr.an to run it properly.
Any branch houso man who doesn't see his work
in this light is transferred to some other place with
Swift & Company to which ho is better adapted.
They are picked men, these branch house men. Every
time you sit down to a steak or chop, or cut of roast,
you can give a grateful thought to the vhole crew of them.
And remember, in a general way, that everything that
makes life smoother and more convenient for you is
the result of the thoughtfulncsa and effort of a lot of
people of whom you have never heard.
L
Swift & Company, U. S. A.
GAGNON
LUMBER
YARD
All kinds ot rough and dressed
Lumbor.
Specialties: Dimension stuff, Fin
ishing Lumbor, Bhlngles, Sash and
Doors, Hoofing Paper, Fruit Boxes. .
Buy Jackson County Products. ,
Place orders now for Fruit Boxes.
New Shod, 113 S. Kront St., MedfoVd.
Phone 831).
Clubbing Rates
Modford Mall Tribune and Crescent
City. Courier.
Medford Mall Tribune (Dally). ,5. 00
Crosceut City Courier (Weekly) 2.00
Clubbing rate. (6.00.
$7.00
Medford Me.ll Trlhuno( Weekly) $1.60
Croscent City Courier (Weekly) 2.00
Clubbing rate, $2.50.
$3.60
CRATER LAKE
Hotel and Auto Rates
Board and lodging, per day
(tonts) $ 8.26
Board and lodging, per day
(Lodge) $.75
Board and lodging, per day
with hot and cold water.. 4.25
i .
Auto Stage Fare, 12-passenger
White
Modford to Crater Lake and
return . 15.00
Kirk to Crater Lake and
return (.00
Klamath Falls to Crater
Lake and return, via Kirk 9. SO
Modford to Kirk or the re
Torse via Kirk 10.60
Medford to Klamath Falls
or the reverse, via Kirk.. 12.15
Auto stage loaves Medford, Hol
land and Nash Hotels at 9:00 a,
m. Leaves S. P. Depot 9:40 a. m.
For furthor Information phone
Crator Lake Motor Company,
Court Hall, local manager.
Crater Lake Hotel
Company
WESTON'S
Camera Shop
The Only Excluaive
Commercial Photographer
in Southern Oregon.
Negatives made any time or
place by appointment.
Phone 147-J.
We'll do the resl.
J. B. PALKXK.
XMnAtnnA ....... 1