P5GE SIX
MTCTVFORT) WATT, TftTKTfKV,, fEDFOTlT). OREOO"Nr. WEIINESD A V. 'ATTflTTRT 28,' 1918
1000.000
PLANT TO MAKE
NITRATES
Uncle Sam Building World's Greatest
Power Dam on Tennessee River
to Make Country Independent in
War and Peace Upon Nitrates for
Powder and Fertilizer.
(By Frederick M. Kerby.)
SHEFFIELD, Aln., Aug. 28. The
United States government will never
again have to depend upon Chilean
nitrates for the manufacture of its
explosives.
One of the greatest of modern pow.
or projects, that will furnish the
power to tuko nitrogen from the air
and "fix" It 'by the cyanamld process
to make nitric acid and ammonium
nltruto for war use, Is under way at
Mussel Shoals, on the Tennessee rlvei
in northern Alabama.
The nitrate plant is the outcome of
a. ten-years' fight to secure water
power development at this point. The
government is spending $30,000,000
to develop the 6C0.0OU available
horsepower, and with it produce ni
trates from the air.
The once sleepy little town of
Sheffield and Its sister towns or
Florence and Tuscumhla, look like
the site of an army cantonment.
Twenty thousand men are at work.
Housing structures have already been
erected to take care of 19,000, and
more are going up as rapidly as lum
ber and nails and man power can
construct them. The muddy wutors
of. the Tennessee river are filled with
barges of stono, coul and all kinds of
material marked "U. S. government.
Long linos of mule teams, their negro
drivers nodding In the sunshine
move along the river bank.
Two tiront Italian Needed
Ilemarkaulo progress has been
made in the work. Two Immense
power dams must be constructed to
develop the wator power. Thoy wIlU
7 not be finished In time for use dur
ing tho war, unless It should Inst fur
longer than Is now anticipated.
Hut work on the process plants has
been rushed to completion and thoy
will be operated by steam until the
walor powor Is roudy. Plant No. 1
haa been oponttlng since lust Octo
ber. Its ammonium nitrate shipments
are already going to the government
powder mill at llndlcy's licml, near
, Nashville. lOvontually It will supply
one-half of Its output to explosive
plants, whore It will he mix"d with
"TNT" and loaded Into shells.
Wltrato plant No. 2 Is nearly com
plete and will hogln operation within
two months, using powor furnished
by tho Alabama Powor company tem
porarily. ' The great powor project the gov
ernment's life lnsuranco against fu
ture wuro rallB for the erection ot
Ihreo dams In tho Tennessee river.
One is a small one for the control of
navigation only. Tho other two are
giant structures; tho larger, known
an Dam No. 2, will he 104 feet high
and 4S00 foot long. To go with It
on NSO-fnot power house will be con
Mtructed. Tho two buildings together
will roqulre 1.20U.OO0 cubic yards of
concrete. This Is tromenilously lar
ger than Ihe great Roosevelt bnm In
-rizonti, which contains 240, uno
ritlila yards of concrete, or thu Croton
Dam In New York, which has
1000 coble yards. This dam and pow
er houfo will dovelup 4 80,000 horse
jower. Ixingitst Hum h, World
luin 'No. 3 Is : miles up stream
from tho first dam. It will ! 4u
foot high, but ll will bo ti42."i toel
long the longest itiini In tho world,
wooding even the famous Assouan
dam In the upper Nile by 2"i feet.
Tho government's estimates of the
cost of power development on the
wlt.'ile project show II will be less
thait I i mills per kllnwatt-hour. At
Niagara Kails, the cost of developing
electricity ranges from 1 11 mills to
inoro than .1 mills per kilowatt-hour.
When completed these power
ailants, ami tho nitrate plants using
ho power, will t u in out nitric acids
nnil ammonium nitrate not only for
exploHlw'. but for dyosturrs and ter
miner. An American .lyestuff Indus
try forever independent of Uerniuny
w.lll thus be assured.
'What this will mean to the Amer
ican fanners, too. nin scarcely be
realized. Nitrogen l an essential In
noils. Nltroceuiiii fertilizers have
been high In cost becaaso the sole
aourcy of supply for the lulled States
has liivn the Chilean nitrate beds
After the war, with this great plant
In government ownership, nud the
nocosslly of producing nlirie acid ncd
ammonium nitrate ror explosive re
duced to a minimum, the plant will
ba able (o devote much ot its capacity
to tho production of fertilizer. This
can be sold at cost to farmers.
New Kru for Koulh
The power developed liere is going
to make this part of the south the
center of a great electro-chenilcai
and elHctro-metullurgleal Industry.
Within a 300-mile radius of Mussel
Shoals are to be found raw materials
for half a dozen such industries.
Theso include Arkansas banxlte, for
aluminum manufacture; magnesium
from tho Tennessee vulley beds of
magnesian dolomite; potash from
the high grade potash felspars of the
southern Appalachians; zinc, fello
sillcon, and ferro-phosphorus; cal
cium carlildo from the limestone and
coal nearby; chlorine, caustic alkali
and sodium, from tho salt wells of
West Virginia and Louisiana; elec
trodes from the graphite fields of
Alabama; phosphorus fertilizer from
the deposits of phosphate rock within
60 'miles of Mussel Shouls. It only
requires an abundance of cheap pow
er to make these raw materials avail
able.
Docause Niagara Kails had the
cheap power, banxlte has been ship
ped all tho woy from Arkansas there
to make aluminum. Graphite bad
been sent there from Alabama to
make electrodes. Similarly the whole
electro-chemical industry at the Kails
Is dependont on the cheap power pro
duced. When Mussel Shoals produces
cheaper power anil has the advantage
of raw material of its dons, it would
seem that a new industrial era is
opening here for the south. '
SENATOR OWE M. JAMES OP
KENTUCKEY, DEMOCRATIC LEADER
DEAD IN BALTIMORE HOSPITAL
Brilliant Politician Succumbs 9fter
Three Months of Illness of Acute
Affection of Kidneys Prominent
in Party Coirncifs in Nation and
State and 16 Years in Congress.
A practical demonstration of the
Fordson tractor was held at tlie
Hamilton Patton ranch Tuesday and
was largely atttndqd.' It was the
first demonstration of the new Ford
tractor held in tho county and the
local agentfi, C. K. Gates Auto Co.,
were pleased with its excellent show
ing, as well as the visitors. It pulled
two twelve-Inch plows in both dry
and wet sticky and in the former, a
man rode on the beam of each 'plow
for ballast. It plowed nine-Inch fur
rows, did it easily and cavorted
ti round like a spring lamb.
' The Fordson tractor is almost as
simple mechanically as the Ford car.
In ''fuel, it has .virtually tho same
power plant ns the Ford, except thai
tit 0" motor In sturdier and more pow
erful. AIho, instead of the Ford trunamlR
slou it has throe Hpecds forward and
'one speed In reverse, with gear shift
lover.
One particular fine feature about
the Fordson Is the accessibility of
tho power plant. There is nothing
bum plicated n-'iout it, and It can be
gotten at in almost any part In n few
moments. In fact, the whole power
plant, tho enclosed go as to be dust
proof, is right in the open with only
tho gasoline tnnk over It.
The spark nnd throttle levers are
virtually tho samo as on the Ford
cur.
t'lM .1
aft , , ' i f
"Cixxraflt JAMES
BAIriMORK, Md., Auk. 28. Sen
ator Ollle M. James of Kentucky,
died at Johns Hopkins hospital early
today of an acuto affection of the
kidneys.
Senator James had been a patient
at the hospital for about three
months. Physicians at first believed
that he had a good chance to regain
his health and an operation was per
formed. Later his condition became
more serious and transfusion of
blood was made on several occasions.
The senator rallied receiutly when in
formed of his reno.'iifnaiion to the
senate, and for a time held his own
hut later his condition 'became grave ! grew
and he steadily grew worse. i
10 Years in Oiiixrfsj j
Ollie M. James, one oi. the leaders i
of the democratic party and Ions ai
dominant figure in Kentucky politics,;
served five consecutive terms'" aa aj
member of congress from the First.
Kentucky district, was elected Unit
ed States senator by the genera as
sembly in 1912, and was renominated
for that office by a largo vote at the
statewide primary on Aug. 3, last.'
Ho was a conspicious figure, a giant J democratic national conventions as a,
physically, towering above tho heads delegate from Kentucky subsequent
of his associates.. (to the Chicago convention and served
Born in Crittenden county, Ken-; as .permanent chairman of the icon
tucky, July 27, 1871, and educated in J ventions of 1012 and 19 1 C which
public and academic schools of that j nominated President Wilson,
region, James took an 'early interest) Klecte! in lifOU s
in politics and a the close of a leg-1 James' boyhood ambition to serve
islative session, during which he , in congress was realized In 1902,
served as page, ho began the study of j when at the age of 31 he began the
law in the office of his father, Judge first of his five consecutive terms
h. H. James, nnd was admitted to the ! from the First Kentucky district.
Shortly after his election to the Unit
ed States senate by the general as
sembly, tho constitutional amend
ment providing for election of sena
tors by popular vgto, a measure which
James had labored to get thru con
gress .became a law.
Ills renomination at the state-
in lS'JG which nominated William
Jennings Ilryan for the presidency.
Friend of lirynn
Out of the memorable campaign
that followed the Chicago convention
clo.e friendship between
James and Mr. Dry an that continued
thru life, despite the fact that their
views were not always in accord.
It was his ringing speeches in de
fense of the Chicago platform that
first attracted nationwide attention
to the young Kenttn kian and placed
him at a single bound into the inner
councils of the democratic party of
his homo state.
"Big Ollie," as James was familiar
ly known to thousands, attended five
wide primary on August 3, after his
opponent had virtually eliminated
himself by asking his friends to re
nominate James, came while he was
ill at Johns-Hopkins at Baltimore,
where he had been confined almost
continuously since February 1.
In the dramatic events that led up
to and followed Ihe assassination of
Governor William Goebel, "Big Ollle''
played, a conspicuous part and won
the praise of the people of his own
state. Ho was a leading figure in the
convention which nominated Goebel
after a deadlock of more than a week,
and supported the latter In the subse
quent campaign. When Goebef de
cided to institute a contest after a
certificate of election had been given
W. S. Taylor, he asked James to
serve as his attorney before the gen
eral assembly.
The contest was decided in Go-
bePs favor, and then he was killed.
In the stormy period that followed,
James occupied a conspicuous place.
Senator James, was married Dec.
2, 1903, to Miss Ruth Thomas,
daughter of R. Y. Thomas of Marlon,
Ky., who survives him. There were
no children.
DIED
HOVER Uriah Hover, n veteran
of the Civil war, died at the Soldiers'
Home in Roseburg, Fridnv, August
23d.
Mr. Hover served in Co, C, 3,'id
Wisconsin infantry.
He was a native of Pennsylvania
and would have been 82 years old had
he lived until October 7th.
He is survived by four sons
Oeorie A., Oscar, Harry flM and Her
bert : 18 rnmh-hildren and five great
grand children. lie lived in this val
ley near Phoenix for 15 years.
Will Hover of Seven Ooaks, Hert
Hover of Vancouver, Wash.; Mrs.
Louisa Hover of Ontario, Cal., and
Mrs. Esther Hover of Taeoma, Wash.,
were all with him at the time ot his
death.
He died of kidney trouble. His
mind was clear and he talked with
them up to half an hour before the
end enme.
bar a full year before he had reached
his majority.
During tho next four years he leap
ed Into political prominence in the
western section of the state, and he
was not yet twenty-five when he wa
selected as a delegate to the demo
cratic national convention at Chicago
ROOT AND HERB . MEDICINES
Indian medicine men contend that
the roots and herbs of .the field fur
nish a panacea for every 111 to which
human flesh Is heir. Be that as it
may, it Is interesting to note that the
most successful remedy in tho world
for female, tils, Lydla E. PInkham's
Vegetable Compound, was compound
ed more than forty years ago by Mrs.
Lydla E. Pinkham of Lynn, Mass.,
from the roots and herbs of the field,
and today It is recognized from shore
to shore as the standard remedy for
female Ills. Adv.
118,000 HUN PRISONERS.
(Continued on Page Six.)
dates, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana
md Nevada) now is in training in
France and attached to the filth
army corps.
Hrtirmlirr fleiicral Frederick S.
Koltz is teiuporii fil v commanding hu
(ienernl Perhhinn is known to have
designated a major general to take
n'Mnmnd.
35 YOUTHS OFF
10 JOIN COLORS
AT CAMP LEWIS
- Thirty-five more Jackson county
young men, most ot whom are in the
1918 class, who had been inducted
Into the military service by the draft
board departed early last evening for
Can4 Lewis. Many relatives and
friends of the boys who came from
'all parts of the county, were at the
depot to bid them good-bye.
' It was the youngest draft contin
gent that has yet left for war service,
'as the majority of the selected men
were 21 year olds who registered on
June 5th last. They were in fine
spirits at the depot as were the as
sembled crowd of well wishers. Be
cause of the draft board's ruling not
to make public the time of departure
of draft contingents or the names of
'the selected men prior to departure,
the crowd to bid the hoys farewell
was not as large as has greeted other
departing bodies of selected men
from the city.
The following are the men who
left for Camp Lewis last night:
J. F. Wooldrldge, M. J. Jones, D.
R. Baughman. Daniel Watson, W. T.
Shann.
Class 1918 W. E. Holmes, F. R.
Jenlilns. JI. A. Doran. ti. C. Dooms,
13. V. Dahack, J. F. Heath, E. L.
Cooper. Roy Myers, Chester Knigh
ton, L. T. liish, C. C. Hohl, L. I. Stim
son, C. L. Magerle, II. W. Greaton,
E. W. Oden, Albert McCabe, S. R.
McReynolds, W. J. B. Hewett, Wil
liam ,layfield, T. R. Pankey.-W. W.
Scott, W. B. Davis, Frank Kendall,
A. D. Hatch, John Kemble, Fred
Ritzinger.
AIro the following who were trans
ferred from other places to be In
ducted into service iby the Jackson
county draft board and the places
from which they came: H. L. Reed,
El Centro, Calif.; Carl iR. Beesori,
Yakima, Wash.; George E. Watson,
Caldwell, Idaho, and F. S. Stockton
Thompson, Stockton, Calif.
Belonging In the same contingent
are two Jackson county boys who
have been living .near Camp Lewis
for some time and who were ordered
by the local board to report for duty
direct at that cantonment today.
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No Cooking 3
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REGULAR PRICES
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PHOXE 884. THE SAX TOX STORK
J. Montgomery Flaggs
"LONESOME GIRL"
Comedy.
ANNOUNCEMENT
Wt takMho ilcasui't of tnunmiMnpr io (lie pulilii1 that wo have tlo
I'iilcd tn lorato licit' iiermaiH'iilly and opon a first class paint shop.
AVc (Id all kinds of
House Painting, Tinting, Decorating,
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Our prices arc moderate. Material the very best. Workmanship first
class, lust reft fences, list iinates f fee of ehariie. l'hone
R. J. Miller Decorating Co.
GATESSriRES
COST OM-M1AI.P AS Ml'CH
And wear twice as long as the average Fabric Tire. Guaranteed
3,500 miles.
PUXCTIHE PHOOF
Our Service Station Is now equipped with the latest mechanical Tiro
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Try our Tire Servlce It's Different.
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FRUIT MARKETING AGENTS
Specializing in the dis
tribution of Northwest
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M. E. ROOT, Representative
Warehouse on S. P. Track. Block South of Main St
MEDFORD, PHONE 294
Main Office Chicago,' in. Western Office Payette, Idaho
F. H. Hogue, Western Manager.
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