rEPFOTvD MAIL" TRIBUNE, EPFORD, PRECOX, THURSDAY, AUGUST 1. 191S
PAGE THREE
OF PEARS AFFECTED
BY DATE PiCKED
Many valuable and Interesting
facts to orchardlsts are gleaned from
the preliminary report of pear har
vesting and storage Investigations In
the Rogire Illver valley liy C.i. Lewis,
J. R. iMaKiioss and C. C. cAe, ropre
nontlng.the O. A. C. experiment sta
tion, division of horticulture. This
. roport of 20' printed pages with
tables has just been printed nnd 1b
ready for distribution. Coplos can
bo obtained at Mr. Cate'a office or of
the O. A. C. In part the report says:
The Investigations show ' - that
where it Is' possible to leave fruit on
' trees a short timo longer than the
average practice, a verygreat In
crease both in size of tonnage and
size of pack can be secured.
Influence of thinning
A study was made of the Influence
of thinning fruit during the harvest
Benson in comparison with harvest
ing practically all the fruit at one
tlmo. Fruit from trees that had no
pearB removed during picking season
, was compared with that from trees
from which most of the crop had
been removed. Almost no difference
In size could be detected; while the
thinning of a heavily loaded tree un
doubtedly aids, to a certain extent,
the "sizing op" of those fruits re
maining, nevertheless trees untouch
ed will "size up-' fruit a good deal.
Bartletts from non-Irrigated orch
ards did not Increase in size nearly
as much as Bartletts from Irrigated
orchards.
There is a correlation between
time, of picking nnd quality of fruit
secured; fruit from earliest pickings
tends to ibe astringent and puckery
. hut fruit from tho third and fourth
pickings on 13 of excellent quality
and nearly uniform in flavor and
texture. Theso rosults were evtn
more pronounced in the later-keeping
varieties than with the Bartlett.
- Early pickings of Clairgeau, Anjou,
and Bosc were practically worthless
because of flat Insipid taste.
Keeping Qualities
A careful study was made to deter-,
mine if possible the best time to vick
Bartletts in order to give them the
: longest keeping season. In common
J storage at a temperature of 70 de
" groes F. the cnrliest-plckod Bartletts
held up tho longest; there was a
marked difference, however, where
other types of storage were used. In
car temperature, cold, or cold humid
storage somewhat later pickings In
variably held up longer than did the
first ones. Table II Bhows that, the
third and fourth pickings kept better
than those picked earlier or later;
this, held true even when storage tem
peratures ranged as' high as 50 to CO
degrees. Indications are that with
Bartletts the best keeping quality
would be attained by leaving fruit on
the tree until slightly later than was
Xiractieed in 19 7.
There seemed to bo no correlation
between size of fruit and keeping
quality of pears picked from tho same
tree at tho same time. Evidently no
difference occurs in maturity of fruit,
as both little and big fruits ripened
together and decayed together.
From our first year's investigation
It would seem best to leave all of the
crop on the trees until the best time
to pick, and then to remove the en
tire crop at once, or at least as much
as Is going to be marketed fresh; let
ting the fruit hang longer will mean
deterioration in keeping quality.
Where pears aro marketed thru
canneries, a great increase in ton
nage can bo gained by leaving the
fruit on tho trees until it has reach
ed Its fullest development.
When to I'Ick lYuit
Results secured with later vari
eties were Identical with those secur
ed with the Bartlett; the time of liar
vesting Is not as acute a, problem,
however, as there is ample tlmo to
get these later varieties to market
heforo they beeonto ripe. The first
pickings of Iio?r, Cornice. Anjou.
Clairgeau, and Howell all held up
longest at 70 degrees storage, both
humid and dry. In lower tempera
tures, however, pickings made later
Invariably hold up longer than did
tho earlier pickings.
The tendency of growers in the
valley has been to pick their later
varieties too early. By leaving the'
fruit on tho trees longer a gain will
be made In size, keeping quality, and
eating quality. The only Justifica
tion for picking such varieties early
Is to escapo damage from wind
storms.
Orchard licromnii'ndutinns
The results obtained from the
Work carried on Indicate that there
nro a number of changes that might
profitably be made in harvesting op
erations. Theso suggestions aro bas
ed on one year's work, nnd cannot be
taken as absolutely final, but are
well worthy of careful consideration
and trial.
It was impossible to establish an)
"HEART OF THE SUNSET" VIVID PICTURE OF OLD MEXICO
R"EX BEACH'S
American Classic
HEAR-T of the SUNSET. ' mmmsUiitmm,
When the Hex Bench l'ictures Com
pany Kcts.out to picturize one of the
author's many i'ainous novels there
is never any fiiestion about ''locu
tions" that will look enough like the
locality which is the background of
the story to ninke it appear that the
scenes weru 'taken in that locality it
sell'. II' the scenario calls for New
York City, as in "The Auction Mock,"
Now York City it is, not a West coast
studio representation of famous
New York places; or if the script pre
scribes Mexico, as in ''Heart of the
Sunset" players and technical staff
are whisked off lo Mexico.
All of which is preliminary lo say-
Sunset" company came hack from
nearly three months of wild adven
ture in southwestern Texas and
northern Mexico filled to the point
of volubility with interesting anec
dote and' experience involving ne-
tunl contact with conditions as they
are pictures in the 1 leach book.
To make ceihiin'thut the structure
would be true to type, 1!. W. McFnr
!mnl, the company miningcr, journey
ed to I'll l'aso nnd engaged a firm of
architects to prepare drawings ofh
sizeable structure. to he limit of eon
crcie. After a deal of hauling of
sand, stone and ' lumber, this was
elected at n suitable spot and the
ing that members of the 'Heart of IJu I making of the scenes begun.
definito test to detcrhiino time of
picking. Testing for starch is an aid
to tho present orchard tests used, but
cannot be depended upon when taken
alone. The disappearance of a con
siderable quantity of starch seems to
Indicate that tho fruit is ready to
pick, but much starch present does
not necessarily indicate that the fruit
is not ready. Starch must he used in
conjunction with size, ease of pick
ing, condition of seeds and flesh, and
tho various other tests now used in
determining the proper condition of
tho fruit.
Don't I'Ick Too Karly
On tho average, the earliest pick
ings of 'Bartletts were slightly too
early for best keeping quality this
past season. After the fruit reaches
tho condition of that picked first this
season, several days more on the tree
would Improve slzo nnd both eating
and keeping quality.
When the picking season Is started
it Is Important that the entire crop
of Bartletts that Is to be shipped
fresh be handled as rapidly as possi
ble. From the standpoint of best
keeping quality, thero Is no advan
tage In making two pickings. Late
pickings, if shipped fresh, should be
sent into markets as close as possible
to tho source of shipment.
If part of the crop Is to be sent to
a cannery, It Is weir to remove the
largo pears at the tlmo of sending
out the first shipments, then leavo
the others on tho trees two to four
weeks. Thoy will gain greatly In
slzo during such a period.
l-'or Other Varieties
For varieties other than Bartlett,
there is little danger of leaving the
fruit on the trees too long except
from the weather standpoint. A great
increase in size can he gained by de
laying picking beyond the time at
which fruit is now removed, and this
is Important, not only because of In
creased total tonnage, but also be
cause of higher prevailing prices for
largo-size fruit. A slight dropping
of pears will usually be much more
than overcome by the Increased size
of thow remaining. I.ate pickings
will also do a great deal toward in
surlng a hlfih quality product on the
market.
So far as storage Is concerned, It
may .bo said that with the exception
of Hose, tho lower tho temperature of
tho storago room, provided, of course
it Is above the freezing temperature,
of tho fruit, the longer the fruit will'
keep. In tho case of Bosc, however,
cold storago must be used very care
fully if at all. Indeed, there is some
question as to whether or not Bosc
shipped under ventilation would not
glvo much higher quality than Itosc
under ico. Such a system of handling
means placing Bosc on tho market In
the fall, rather than winter, but this
may bo tho means of securing uni
form good quality.
AMSTERDAM, Aug. 1. That the
Gorman people nre still being fed lies
about America's unproparednes3 for
war and Inability to send a sizable
force to France this year Is shown
by an article by the military corres
pondent of t(ie "Deutsche Tages
zeitung," who encourages his read
ors to believe If there aro any Amer
icans at the front they are quite
negligible. The Dcutche Tageszel
tung says in part:
"The true position of America's
military help is gradually revealed.
Already we see tho statement In the
American press that the hurried
shipments of untrained troops were
only undertaken lo placato the allies
who wero supplicating for help.
"English voices, too, are clamor
ing loudly in favor of holding the
western front with British troops un
til a great, and fully equipped Amerl
can army has really arrived (which
will bo somewhere about the early
part of next century), because the
exporlenco gained hitherto of. the do
ings of the badly trained little Amer
ican nrmy havo boon very far from
enconraglng.
"Tho question Blmply resolves it
self Into this; 'Are tho British real
ly nblo to hold the western front so
long with their own troops?'
"In the first place she may have
a long time to wait; and, secondly,
ali sorts of things might happen in
the meantime. Nor should be for
'gct about thoso hundreds of thous
ands of American aeroplanes which,
as was dinned Into tho world's ears
last year with tho voice of a giant
fishwife, were limy now to be deal-
SHOWS JULY WAS
July was one of tho coolest months
of recent years in lledford and the
valley, neeording to the weather sum-
mnry just issued liy the United States
weather bureau. This coolness
view of tho lack of rain was of great
benefit to tho crops. The mean max
imum temperature of July was 80.(1
degrees, nnd the mean minimum was
01.2, while tho mean was (J8.!l.
Only .fl;i of an inch of rain fell dur
ing the month. On only one day was
there .01 of an inch or more rain.
Eighteen clays of tho month were
clear, seven were partly cloudy nnd
six were cloudy.
Following . is tho mclcrologienl
record for July:
Min.
,. ;-4
...r.:i
...44 ..
...4(1
GERMANS DID THINK
THEY WOULD VISIT PARIS
LONDON, Aug. 1. The booty cap
tured by the French in following up
the (terniun retreat from the Manic
included a large amount of brid.'ing
material just mirth of the Manic, The
intention of the (Icrnians to affect the
passage of tile river in great strength,
drive in the direction of I'nfis is t tins
I indicated.
William. McQuillan had boarded at
tho Tualatin hotel in Ilillsboro, Ore.,
for '20 years. So when the proprietor
tors decided to get out of business,
McQuillan bought the hotel so he
could keep on living there. ;
Mas.
08
2 87
,1 ....'.10
4 !)3
n 87
(1 01
7 94
Weather
.... Clear
... Clear
Clear
Cloudy
......40 Clear
8
!)
10
U...
12....
13
14..
112
..85
...81
....70
.87
...!0
.87
15 88
1 (... !K
17 00
18 80
10 85
20 ..87
21 01
22 81
40
40
67
, no
r.o
47
44
40
40
57
40
Clear
'. Clear
Pt. Cloudy
Cloudy
Vt. Cloudy
Cloudy
Clear
: Clear
Cloudy
Pt.
Cloudy
.. Clear
. Clear
Clear
48
51.
51
ill
24
25
20
27
28
20
30...
31...
...07
82
...80
...77
...0:i
...OS
...00
95
..oo
Clear
Cleat
Clear
.57 Cloudy
.48 ' Cloudy
.53 Pt. Cloudy
47
50 ....
51 ....
51 ....
.....50 .
.....52 .....
... Pt. Cloudy
... Pt. Cloudy
Clear
Clear
Clear
Clear
liO Cloudy
; GREATEST' WAR CREDIT
LONDON', Aug. 1. In asking for
a vote of credit of 700,000,000
pounds In the house of commons to
morrow, Andrew Bonar Law, the
chancellor of the exchequer, said that
the largeness of the amount was not
due to Increased, expenditure, but to
tho fact that parliament was about
to adjourn. He hoped, he said, that
not more than one more voto would
be necessary before the end of the
financial year.
The vote asked is the largest in
the history of the country. It is in
tended for carrying on tho war until
tho end of October.
The chnnccllor said the expenditure
on the army showed an increase of
8,000,000 pounds over the estimates.
Loans to the allies and the domin
ions had been less than the csVmntes
by 22,700,000 pounds.
Ing destruction among tho Huns, but
which have not yet materialized.
"It is evident, thereforo, that once
again tho products of til eentente
witchcs'cauldron have passed up the
chimney in smovo. In lies, and deception."
INDEBTEDNESS CERTIFICATES
. ARE OVER SUBSCRIBED
WASHINGTON, Aug. 1. The !
t.'iOii.imn.oon block of ccrlilicatcs of!
indebtedness, stilicriptiuns tu which j
'lo.,'d two days a-.'o, was over-sub- I
scribed, 8 1,750,11(1(1, niiikm'. the total
f certificate now oul-tunding in 1111-1
tii ipatifiu of Hie K'inrlli Liberty loan 1
total 2.183.835,11(111. Another i-uc
of ccrliticatcs n ill be alinouni-cd by
the treasury uilliin a Jav or two.
Mnrllia Springer, age 20 months,
laughter of Mr. and .Mrs. John K.
Springer, of Mountain View, Cel.,
bolils the world's record for mental
development. She can read like nn
eight year old and Iiiim a vocabulary
of ubout 2,Ut)U wordo.
One Cereal That
Needs No Sugar
Grape-Nuts needs no sugar!
I'nlike most cereal foods It contains Its own nat
ural sweetening, obtained through tho famous
Grape-Nuts process from the wheat and barley
from which It Is made.
This nntural swcot Is the starch of the grain
changed into a healthful, life-giving sugar.
This change Is brought about by tho ferment, dias
tase, In barley malt, and by long baking. The re
sult Is a wonderful food, easy to dlgost, abundantly
swcot In Its own right, nourishing, economical
Grape-Nuts
Eat Grape-Nuts and Save Sugar
3 -DAYS ONLY -3
TODAY
TOMORROW
SATURDAY
A NETHER "greatspecial production
by the most famous of all American
authors; bigger than "The Spoilers,"
more exciting than "the Barrier and j
more thrilling than "The Auction Block." , I
(REX BEACH'S
PRICES
CHILDREN 10c; FLOOR 25c
MEZZANINE LOGES 35c
Screen Classic of the Great Southwest
El
Directed y Frank Powell
Once or twice each year Rex Beach comes to the assistance of the public' .
with a production that breaks all existing records. This is the most powerful
D n i. n j ' -
w ucatn r iciure ever maae,
it
Daily
Matinee
2:30
If . 11
Evening
7:30 and
9:15
ANNOUNCEMENT
A7"E have placed the well known and
popular salesman, B. W. CRAIG, in
charge of the Sales Department of Overland.
Cars. He Will be pleased to give you a
demonstration at any time.
We have just received another car
load of Overlands, and and are pre
pared to make immediate deliveries.
C. E. Gates A uto Go;