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Forty-eighth Tear. '
Dally Thirteenth Tear.
MEDFORD, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, JUL,Y 31, 1918
NO. 110
GERMAN LINES GRADUALLY GIVING WAY
HUNS PREPARE
FOR RETIREMENT
FURTHER NORTH
s Enemy Destroying Much Material
Americans Hold Slightly Advanced
Lines, Repelling Violent Attacks By
Germans Feint Results In Exter
mination of German Force.
PARIS, July 31 (Havas Agency.)
French aerial observers, says the
Matin report that there are signs be
hind the present German battlefront
of preparations for continuation of
the retirement northward. The en
emy ia destroying much material and
big fires have been Been.
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY
OX THE AISNE-MAHN'E FRONT,
July 31 noon. (Uy the Associated
Press). Efforts made by the Ger
mans to advance their lines against
the Americans on this front last
night and this forenoon were fruit
less, The Americans for their part
were content to hold their positions
along their slightly advanced line for
the time. The German line, how
ever, is reported gradually giving
way both to the right and left.
There was hard fighting turnout
the night, but no concentrated attack
In force by either side.
Trap (jermau Company
During tho night the' Americans
made a pretense of retiring from a
part of the town of Seringas. The
Germans advanced Into tho town, on
observing the supposed evacuation.
Two companies of ' Americans then
closed In and enveloped the German
force, killing or capturing every man
In It.
Both high explosives and gas shells
were sprayed by the Germans over a
wide area.
The air forces on both sides were
busy tills morning. One of the
American observers was attacked by
eight enemy machines, but escaped
and returned to his base.
Hold All Positions
PARIS, July 31. American troops
maintain their posilion"in tho region
of Seringe8-Et-Xesles which they car
ried after violent fighting, according
to an official statement from the war
office today.
The Germans made four attacks
against the new French poBltinns
east of Oulchy-l.e-Chateaii. They
were repulsed and the French line
was held Intact.
The French and the Germans car
ried out raids at a number of other
points on sectors east and west of the
Marne salient, but there was no
change In the general situation at
these points.
WASHINGTON, July 111 The ar
rival of the allied embassy staffs nt
Kandiilasku, Kussiiin Lapland, was
reported in Associated Press dis
patches last flight. The envoys went
from Vologmln to Archangel hut they
were not permitted to remain there,
representatives of the soviet govern
ment sendiiur thein on Russian vesels
ueross the White Sent to Kundnlaska.
WASHINGTON', July 31. Reports
have reached the state department
that Ambassador Francis and ull the
allied diplomats left Vologda, pre
sumably for Archangel, July 23. It
is understood they were given some
sort of choice ns to their destination,
hut the information in so vngu. the
department could not muke a deli
nite statement.
The hasty departure of the dipln.
mats is attributed to notice that the
ftulsheviki intended to rut the line to
Archungel after July L'.'l. It was said
Ambassador Francis would he unable
to communicate wibh Wa-liim ton
from Archangel,
WEEK RECEIVED
GERMAN
OF UKRAINE IS
ASSASSINATED
Fielil Marshal Von Eichhorn Bombed
By Russian Youth Dies From Loss
of Blood Act Is Instigated By So
cial Revolutionists Hated as Ty
rant By People.
AMSTKRDAM. July .11. Field
Marshal Von Kiehhorn, (lie German
commander in t lie Ukraine and his
adjutant, Captain Von Dressier, were
killed by a bomb in Kiev Tuesday,
says an official announcement re
ceived here from the Ukrainian cap
ital. The bomb was thrown at the men
while they were driving to their head
quarters from the Casino.
The bomb was thrown 'from n cab
which drove close to their carriage as
they were approaching tho field mar
shal's residence.
The assassin and the cab driver
have been arrested.
It has been established, the tele
gram declares that the crime origin
ated with the social revolutionists in
Moscow.
Assassin Lad of S3
The assassin of Field Marshal Von
Eichhorn was a lad of 23. He de
clared at the inquiry held nfter the
crime, the advices state, that he enme
from the province of KyttKtin, adja
cent to Moscow, on orders from a
communist committee, to kill the field
marshal. He reached Kiev yesterday.
General Herman von Eichhorn, the
German military dictator of Ukraine,
had a brilliant career in the armies
of the German empire.
He played un important rote in the
development of the German military
machine.
When the great war broke out he
wa assigned to the Russian front,
where he took part in several cam
paigns. He was in command of the
German army which captured the
Russian stronghold of Kovno in Aug
ust, 1!U". He continued to direct op
erations in southern Poland until
Russia's collapse.
In April he was sent to Ukraine
to supervise the establishment of a
government for the new republic. Up
on bis arrival he placed the whole re
public under German martial law and
arrested members of the ministry who
he said, were conspiring against the
central powers.
Kccall Demanded
The Ukrainian Rada demanded his
recall but he was retained in Uk
raine as virtual dictator.
lie brought about the overthrow of
the Ukrainian government in May and
succeeded in placing in authority
General Skeropadski, who had since
been operating under orders from
General Von Eichhorn.
General Von Eichhorn put into ef
fect the confiscation of nil stores of
food held in the Ukraine. Ruthless
measures were adopted ogninst pens
ants who opposed the confiscation.
Late in May be sent an urgent ap
peal to Berlin asking that the troops
be sent to met the mennne of in in
surrection in Ukraine. It was later
announced that a large number of
troops were held subject to his call.
Then General Von Eichhorn asked
that engineers, firemen and laborers
he sent to him so that the railroads
could be kept running.
General Von Eichhorn was born on
Feb. 11H. at Ureslau. He enter
ed the army in 18(ili.
FOR-JULY, 67,291
LONDON, July 31. British cas
ualties reported during July totalled
67,291. This compares with total
casualties reported In June of 141,
147. The losses for July are divided as
follows:
Killed ci died of wounds: Officers
521; men 8474.
Wounded or missing: Officers
l."37; men
IG COMMAND
T
OF BIG DEFEAT
German High Command Announce
Retirement for Strategical Pur
poses and Promise a Decisive Blow
Against Anglo-French Front
America Ignored In Statement.
WASHINGTON, July M. Official
dispatches today from France tell
how the German high command has
published in the newspapers through
out Germany an official statement
preparing the people for the defeat in
the second battle of the Marne, but
renewing the promise of a decisive
blow against the Anglo French front.
"An official note published in all
the papers of the empire,' says the
dispatches, "tries to make the Ger
man public accept the total failure of
the ambitious program which was
destined to develop into the ultimate
crushing of the entente.
"Ilindenburg's defense renews the
promise of a decisive blow against
the Anglo-French front hut says the
physiognomy which the struggle pre
sents on the front between Soissons
and Rheims and the Champagne in
consequence of the German attacks
and the Franco-British counter at
tacks (one must note here with what
! care the American intervention is
omitted) has. led-to' the necessity, of
postponing the decisive blow.
Promise 0Hrntions,
"Willi this end in view, new basis
for subsequent operations, proceed
ings lor deplaeemcnts and strategi
cal re-groupings have in be created.
Whilst awaiting preparations for fu
ture operations, they have been forc
ed Mo retire in the northern direction
of the Maine front.'
"How far will (his retirement be
carried out?' A treatment of about a
dozen kilometers will perhaps be suf
ficient, It is not thought 'necessary
today that Hindenburg should find
himself under the obligation of with
drawing the front as far back as the
Vesle.'
The German 'interior front is im
plored 'not to renounce its confidence
in our Hindenburg on account of
that.' 4
Press Is Oltcdlcnt.
AMSTERDAM, July III. The en
tire German press is obediently toe
ing the line laid down by the German
official communiques regarding the
retreat from the Marne. This line
substantially is that Generals Foch's
formidable attack to pinch off the
whole of the German Marne salient
was in vain, that his great sacrifices
in men have been bootless and that
the initiative remains with the Ger
mans. To the American official report of
the capture of Seringes-Et-Xesles,
Sergy and Roncheres, the Volks 5!ei
tung of Cologne nppends this com
ment: "The localities are situnted in the
zone evacuated by the Germans days
ago, undetected by the enemy."
I
TROOPS IN ITALY
WASHINGTON, July M. The
American iMiiiilint troop arc reaching
Italy in excellent mill splendid spirits,
said n cablegram I'mtn tho American
Hud t'ro-s representatives with the
Itulitin thiril iinny, received today
at licaihpiartc rs here.
The American troops were received
at their base by the Italian com.
munding general anil stall' and many
airplane Mew overhead dropping
slip of paper bearing the printed
words; "Viva Wil-on."
Italian hands acted as escort.
RUSSIANS ORGANIZE
TO ASSIST ALLIES
LONDON, .Inly .'I ) . A union oi
patriotic liu-situis lias been rounded
in Knglund with the object nf facili
tating the military and economic as
sistance of the allies to Russia,
0 BREAK NEWS
PARIS, July 20. (Corres-
pomlcnce of tho A. P.) Tho fa-
mons "hunger stono" In tho
river Elbo, near Totaelicn, which
according In tho popular heller
in Germany, predicts a famine
when seen, la visible for tho
first time since the beginning of
the war.
The stone lies in the bed of
the river and has never been
visible save nt exceptionally low
tide. On the stone is chiselled
in old German : " 1
"When ye see me, ye will j
4- weep.'
; ,
IN SERGY BATTLE
. i
LONDON, July III). The Daily
Mail's correspondent with the Ameri
can army on the Aisne-Miirnc front,
telegraphing Holiday night, empha
sizes the severity of the fighting on
the Sergy Scringes, sector., lie snys
the Prussian dunrds suffered heav
ily in repented alliicks against the
Americans, who piled up enemy corp
ses on their front.
The correspondent says for some
time Monday the Germans dominated
positions on the heights beyond Sergy,
the Americans being in the valley. II
was snid here that tile fighting Mon
day afternoon was most intense. The
Americans had no cover, and were
obliged to lie in slreet gutters for
shelter, but with the bayonet and ma
chine guns they stunned the heights.
"Sergy changed hands nine times,"
the correspondent continues, ''but to
night it is in American hands. The
bitterness of the fighting is shown by
the fact that the Americans have
only taken a few prisoners. The men
are exultant over having defeated so
severely the fresh guard divisions.
"The Americans found their
wounded in Sergy had been bayonet
ed. The (JennnAs placed machine
suns in the church and also in the
lied Cross buildings. The most prob
able reason for the counter attack is
that the enemy found the allied ad
vance too rapiil and that it necessi
tated bringing in the guards into ac
tion to gain the time necessary, for
an orderlv retreat. '
BUT TAXESiLESS
WASHINGTON, July 31. Anieri
en's war c.vcacs now are about .'id
per cent higher than Oreat llritain's,
it was shown today by comparison of
treasury reports and a newly issued
British official statement. Owing to
the shorter time the I'nited .Stales
has been in the war, however, individ
ual burden of taxation in this country
is only about one-half as much as in
Kriglnnd.
The monthly cost of the war to the
Tinted State now is about $1 ,.'111(1,
01111,(1(111, while (ireat Dritiiin's ex
penses ale about $1,0110,11011,(1(1(1 11
month. The I'nited Stales is spend
ing about .."iO,(l(l(),(liio a day. or
more than iiiiII,imio an hour. The
nation's war debt is now a liltte less
that .sl2,'iiMI,li(IU,(lllll, s compared
Willi (Ireat llritain's .f:ili,lir'i,l00,000.
Before the war, both tuitions col
leeteil about the 1 same amount of
taxes ewr.v year, approximately 1,
!iill,iiiill,liiili. Now (ireiit Britain col
lects :i,:2ro.n(iO,n00 and the I'nited
Slates about . 1,11110,0110,111111, hnl I lie.
population in America is double that
of Great Britain,
SLAUGHTER SOLE CZAR PROPPED
OBJECT OF BOTH
BELLIGERANTS
Object of Allies ami Germans In Sois-saiis-Rheims
Salient Row Is to
Kill as Many Men as Possible Says
General March No Chance to Ban
Prisoners New Divisions.
WASHINGTON', July 31 The sole
object of the allies and (be Germans
In the Solssons-ltheims salient now
is to kilt as many men as possible.
General March, chief of siaff said to
day at his semi-weekly conference
with newspaper correspondents.
-Whatever objective either side had at
the beginning, the general said, lias
been submerged by developments in
the fighting.
Genoral Murch pointed out that
the -salient has been greatly flattened
thus virtually dissipating any hopes
of the allies bagging large numbers
of the enemy. The German withdraw
al since lust Saturday, he rubied, had
reduced the length of the line anoth
er ten miles to 54 miles. The max
imum German retreat In the center Is
14 miles.
Arrival of the 42nd (ralnbowl di
vision and its participation in the
fighting east of Pero-Un-Tardenols
was announced. The third regular
division also was Identified as fn ac
tion at Sergy and Clorges, where tho
crack German guard divisions have
been defeated In recont fighting by
American troops.
Six More Divisions -
General March announced tho for
mation In the United States of six
more divisions, numbered from 15 to
20 and to be located at Camps I.ogan,
Texas, Kearney, Cab; Lleauregard,
La.; Dodge, Iowa; and Sevier, S. C.
As in the case of the six divisions
announced last week, these will be
built around tho regular infantry
regiments in each case.
General March announced also the
conversion of 15 national army cav
alry regiments, numbered from 30 1
to 315 into field artillery. These
will comprise part of tho artillery
units for the new divisions.
General March had nothing to re
Veal as to the extent of the casualties
sustuined by the American forces in
the recent fighting. He said, how
ever, that General Pershing had been
ordered to cable the casualties as re
ceived and that these would be given
out here at once. He added that
there would be 110 distribution of cas
ualties over a long period hereafter.
Only One Army
The chief of staff said that In
carrying out the new policy of "one
army," the war department Intends
to put the letters "U. S." heretofore
reserved for the regulars on the col
lar of every man serving In the mili
tary forces of tho United States.
The sub-deslgmitlons of ". O."
for National Guard and "X. A." for
National Army will be abandoned. In
the samo connection, General March
said that the major generals and
thlrty-Blx brigadiers necessury for the
new divisions will bo selected from
all elements of the servfeo.
NAVY CALLS OUT
RESERVE OFFICERS
WASHINGTON, July .11. Onlcis
have bei'ii isiicd by the navy depart -ment
calling in native service tlioii
anis of reM'rviU for duly on (ship
''on-trurt'l under the hipini! hoard
and navy building proyram. The ex
art niiiiiher nt riii'i) trant'rri('d to
the netive duly li.-t was not nn
nonit'fd hut it was said today that
every man lor whom pare exi.-tcd
in the training ramps has been -tuiti-tunned.
"Crickintheneccus."
LONhON, .July ;tl. Criekinlbrnee.
rus is the name ol' n malady HiilTer
ed by thou.nmU fit' Londoner-, Miid
to be dun to watf-hin'r lor air raid.
AGIST POST
FOR EXECUTION
Former Russian Emperor Collapses
When Notified of Death Sentence
Given Two Honrs Time, He Asks
for a Priest and Writes Several
Letters Tried to Speak as Shot.
AMSTERDAM. July 31. Given
two hours in which to prepare for the
end. Nicholas Romanoff, former Rus
sian emperor was taken out by his
executioners in a state of such col
lapse that it was necessary to prop
him against a post, says the Lokal
Anzelger of Berlin, which claims to
have received from Russian sources
an account of the emperor's last
hours.
Nicholas was awakened at 5 o'clock
In the morning of his execution. He
was then taken to a room where the
direction of the soviet council was
communicated to him. He-was In
formed the execution would be car
ried out in two hours.
The former emperor received the
announcement of the sentence ot
death with great calmness. He re
turned to hiB bodroom and collapsed
in a chair. After a few minutes he
asked for a priest, with whom he was
allowed to remain unattended. Dur
ing this time he wrote several letters.
'When the oscbrt arrived to take him
to tho place of execution, Nicholas
vainly nttompted to rise from his
chair. The priest and n soldier were
obliged to help htm get to hlB heel.
lie descended the stulrs with difficul
ty und once be foil down.
As ho was unublo to stand without
support when tho pluco of execution
was reached, he was propped against
a post. Ho raised his hands and
seemed to be trying to speak, hut the
rifles- spoko and ho fell dead.
E
I
AMSTKIilUM, July :M. "Life in
Mommiw is now more bearable for the
inlelleelnal rlases than in 1'eterH
biirj:," (I'elronnid) nays a special
tiiesHime to the (.'oloyne Vulks Zeituni;
"for Moscow's ernt while rich huve
not, like the rich of Petersburg, be
come nipyrd curb sellers.
"The Muscovites Itolsheviki ami
boureoise wem to have made up
their minds to live peaceably at all
events lor the time being. The lat
ter have become resigned to their fate,
believing there is no power within
UiiHsia nt present capable of rescu
ing them. They look abroad for sal
vation, Koine to Germany, but the ma
jority to Kngland.
"Meanwhile, both nre cooperating
after ti fashion in the conduct of bus
iirfs affairs, in which the intellec
tual elements in increasing measure
are finding good opportunities j'or
ii'ilizing their nuperinr attainments.
And there has been omo sort of so
ciul reconciliation aUo.
"That powers that be are convinced
that nothing short of late ran de
throne them and think that if they
are able to hold on until the autumn
crop, their po-ition will he (pule se
cured." LONDON, July III.- YVoai.n of
I-'s-en are determined that no more
ne:itrii workmen h;ill be cmptou-d
at Krupp during rtie uarbc ini-e for
every lieurtuil who comics to work a
German workman is rnl to the Irout,
The Amsterdam rorrc-pnudrnt ot the
I'ailv l-Apre1 -"ays he hanii'd thai
fact Irotn hutrh workmen w!m have
just rrliiini'd from K en.
E
T
E
Hurried Retreat From Roncliers and
St. Gemme Probable to Prevent
Outflanking By Allies, to North
Germans to Retreat to Vesle River
as Ourcq Stand Is Failure.
DY THE ASSOCIATED PRESS,
July 31. In spite of the tremendous
efforts put forth by the Germans to
check the pressure of the allies north
of the Ourcq today finds the German
positions there In grave danger.
French, British and American troops,
tlnh ting their way forward east of
Fere-En-Tardenols, seem to be in a
position to compel a hurried retreat
from Roncheres and St. Gemme, at
the extreme bottom of the salient be
tween Soissons and Rheims.
The allied line runs south from
Soissons to Grand Rozoy and then It
begins to turn east. It passes just
north of Fore-En-Tardenois and con- ,
tinues to the apex of the new wedga
at 'Nesles, where It turns sharply
south toard Roncheres. '
Continuous lluttlo
All around tho salient there has
been a continuous battle tor two
days, with the Columns launching re
(teated counter attacks. They have
failed and tho allies have gained Im
portant ground nt vital points.
"Immediately south of Soissons and
wost of Rheims the Gorman lines are
strongly hold, but o-iemy efforts to
Improve his position -in the latter re
gion hnvo broken down.
Thero now seems to bo little doubt
that the Germans will retreat to the
Vesle river, nny possibility of making
a stand north of the Ourcq seemingly
boing lost.
In tbolr advanco the Americans
drove a wedge into the enemy line
and tho allies are now In a position
to drive the Germans hack by flank
movements both eust and west of the
head of tho apex which lies near
N'nslos. From the Nesles region
southward thru Clerges to Roncheres
the German lino Is about four miles
long and affords the allies an oppor
tunity to drive the Commas from the
region southwest of Ville-En-Tarde-nols
without a frontal attack against
the hills to the south.
No l'rlonors Taken
Iterlln says the fighting front was
quiot Tuesday and that all allied ef
forts .Monday wero ropulsed.
Some of (Icrmnny's divisions, the
Fourth Prussian Guard and a Bavar
ian division, were opponents of Amer
ican boys from tho middle west and
eastern states. The Americans bad
outfought them Monday In the battle
for Sergy and defeated them again
on Tuesday,
No prisoners wero taken, so des
perate was tho com but. .Machine gun
und artillery flro forms the main
part of the enemy defense.
German shell tire from Nesle for
est, however, has had llttlo effect
against tho Americans,
In Flanders tho allied position has
been Improved further thru the enp
luro of Morris by Australian troops.
LONDON, July .'U. The capture
by the (Veelm. Slovaks in n surpriso
attack of 11 larire railway bridge nt
Svzrani in the Vnlnu region is report
ed in a Mo-cow dispatch transmitted
by the l eiilral NeWH correspondent lit
Amsterdam.
Tins capture, (be messne says, se
cures to the t zeebo-SloMiks in this
reuiou communication with Siberia.
WASHINGTON, July ;). Miss Al
ice Wil-on, daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
lo-cph K. Wilson of llultiuiorc and n
niece ot the president, will bo married
nl (be White House to I he Kcv. Isnao
Stuart Mcl'.lroy, Jr., of While Sul
phur Spriii-.-s, W. Vu., Wednesday
ci cii'ii'.', Angus! 7.
GERMAN I N
BASE OF SALIEN
FACES CAPTUR