MEDFOT?D MAIL TRIBUNE MEDF0RD,
OTJEOOX,. WEDNESDAY, AFRTL M, 1017
PAGE TITREE
.11
7
EFFECT OF OIL
10
BY DILLONT R. HILL.
Comico pears, a delicate, sensitive
hybrid prYxluct, will yield a small
harvest in this valley this year. Two
primary causes may bo noicd. In
orchards where irrigation is not pro
vided, lack of moisture is one cause.
In orchards 'where Rmndging has
been done for it period of years, ev
en if they have irrigation or sub-irrigation,
the cumulative effects of
ethylene gas are readilv apparent
That is the other cause; and its ef
fect is more permanent than that of
drouth; more deadly to the fruii
bud, the fruit bloom, the tender fi
ber of the fruit bough itself and, fi
nally, to the fruit tree.
In orchards where heavy smudg
ing has been done for a number of
years, the damaging effect of the
poisonous gases thrown off from oil
fuel imperfectly burned may be easi
ly observed from year to year until
presently a marked shortage in the
yield is noted as a regular seasonal
occurrence. The vigor of those trees
never will come back. They have
been vitally poisoned.
Pollination Is Kffectcd.
The dense smoke thrown off by
the oil pots will prevent pollination
when smudging occurs before fertil
ization has taken place'. When the
process of fertilization is understood,
the reader cannot tloubt that it must
be injuriously affected both by the
poisonous gas thrown off and the
contact with the sticky smudge par
ticles not consumed in the burner.
The egg cell or female clement of
the flower s in the center of the low
er end of the pistil. The pollen or
male element is born in the anjlicrs,
which are found in the tips of the
stamens. When the pollen is ripe,
the enthers split and allow the grains
to scatter. Some pollen is light and
dry and is carried by tile wind, while
other pollen is sticky and heavy and
uust be carried by insects. When
the pistil is receptive to fertilization
the tip or stigma secretes a sticky
liquid which catches the pollen grain
if it comes in contact with it, which
also acts as a genrimination medium
for the pollen. ,
Gluey Liquid n Food Also.
The gluey liquid thus provided by
nature serves also as a food on
which the pollen lives until it passes
through another dclicnle process. If
it is poisoned with ethylene gas, the
latter kills the pollen as surely as if
you were to touch a lighted match to
it. If the smudge particles touch it,
they cling to it, thus drying it up. Its
effect cannot be avoided, once the
air is filled with smudge smoke.
Follow the pollen further, should it
escapo any one of these deadly caus
es. After the grain has been depos
ited, it will lie in the liquid some
times twenty-four hours before the
germination starts. Then a tube be
gins to grow from the wall of the
pollen grain and enters the tip of the
stigmu. This tube works its wav
down through the tissues of the pistil,
usually opening its own passage-way
until it reaches the egg cell. Here
the tip of the tube enters a minute
opening in the ovule of the nuclei ot
the pollen grain, thus forming the
embryo of the seed. This whole pro
cess requires from 30 to 60 hours.
How the Uloom Is llulned.
If smudging takes place while the
pistil is receptive and before poll
inazation has taken place, the bloom
j is ruined, becauso tho soot will col
lect on the stigma as lung as there
remains any moisture that is unnli
soibed. The damage is doubly sure
in this ease, because the pollen can
not stick when the juices arc absorb
ed by the soot ; and, should a pollen
train chance to lodge on the soiit and
stick, it could not germinate because
Jiie stigmatic fluid, which is abso
lutely essential to germination, has
been absorbed.
If the blossom has been pollinated
the day before the smudging takes
place, cemiinntion might start, but
fertilization would nroliably never be
completed, owing to the loss of the
necessary stigmatic fluid by absorp
tion in the smudge particles.
There is still another chance for
Injury. It has been proven that tin
dust from n cement factory will pre
vent fertilization by neutralizing the
s'ii:ht acidity of the stigmatic fluid.
This prevents the germination of the
f pollen grain.
V Same Effect From Smudge.
There is also the possibility of in
jury similar to this from the soot or
foreign matter which the smudge car
ries. Another damage is found in
the reaction between the stigmatic
FOR THROAT AND LUNGS
juices and the soot or foreign mat-!
ter which it carries to form some in-
jurious compound that might poison
the blossom to such an extent, as to
cause it to drop, even though fertil
ization was complete.
These processes are all simple, but
as absolutely necessary as the air it
self. They should be understood by
every fruit producer to enable him to
avoid the production of such causes
as results in death to his harvest.
Ignorance of them is precisely what
has led so many orchardists here
and elsewhere to use the smudge as
a frost preventive, rather than heat
produced by a perfect combustion of
the fuel used or by a supcr-suturnted
atmospheric condition produced by
irrigation to prevent frost by eon
trolling the temperature. In the lat
ter system there is absolutely no dan
ger. Nature uses it in the form of
fog, of which I will speak in my next
article.
10
The Odd Fellows and Mebekahs of
Medford and the Rogue River valley
will gather at Grants Pass on Thurs
day to aid in the big celebration there
in commemoration of the 98th anni
versary ot the founding ot the order.
At the gathering plans will be formu
lated for the celebration of the cen
tenary anniversary two years hence.
A special train will depart from
Ashland at 10 a. m. Thursday and
T
WASHINGTON', April 25-. The
Secretary of Agriculture has informa
tion that a dangerous disease known
as citrus canfier, not heretofore wido-
ly prevalent or distributed within and
through thoi United-States, exists in
eastern and southeastern Asia (In
cluding India, Slain, Indo-Chlna and
China), tho Malayan archipelago, the
Philippine Islands, Oceania (except
Australia, Tasmania and New Zea
land), Japan (including Formosa and
other islands adjacent to Japan) and
in the union of South Africa, and that
infected fruit Is coming to the United
States. It tliorefore becomes the duty
ot the secretary of agriculture to con
sider the advisability of prohibiting
the further importation of citrus
fruits from the countries and locali
ties above named, including oranges,
lemons, pomelts or grapefruit, and
all other citrus fruits.
The cltrust canker disease was In
troduced into the gulf region ot the
United States, presumably in 1911,
from the Orient. The western citrus
fruit districts of California, New
Mexico and Arizona are still free
from this disease. Upwards of $1,
000,000 of federal and state funds
have been expended in fighting the
disease in Florida and other states ot
10
Among the parties w:io have pre
viously advised Secretary Boos of
their attending tho Trl-Stato Roads
Association convention. Geo. F. Cot
terill, former mayor of Seattle, now
chief engineer of Washington, says:
"I have always had the desiro to seo
more of that section of Oregon than
tho passing view one gets from the
railway, and I am glad to note that
Mr. Allen, state highway commission
er of Washington, has arranged for
me to be with your Good Roads con
vention at the meeting on May 16 and
17."
Mr. Cotterlll in the past years was
a great factor in tnc city ot Seattle.
municipal activities and is well
known throughout the west as an en
gineer of prominence
His topic on tho program for tho
May meeting is "State Highway De
velopment in Washington."
will also carry the Odd Fellows and, the gulf region. A vigorous attempt
Rebekahs of Jacksonville, Central
Point, Eagle Point, Talent, Gold Hill,
and Rogue River. Returning the
peclal train will leavo vGrants Pass
after the night program Is completed.
The Grants Pass I. O. O. F. frater
nity expects to entertain about 1000
members of the order and its ladies
auxiliary from the Rogue River val
ley and vicinity. The afternoon pro
gram will be taken up mainly with
business session of the Southern
Oregon I, O. O. F. Association. The
anniversary exercises and social fea
tures will be held In the evening.
RED CROSS WANTS MORE
OLD MAGAZINES AND PAPERS
"Paper day" was a huge success.
All who aided in the work on April
2 1 st, surely feel amply recompensed
by the assurance that they were help
ing to benefit their country. The
time for gathering papers was not
limited to Saturday. As it will be a
week or more before the shipment
can be made, any who still have old
newspapers, magazines, etc., are urg
ed to bring them to tho fire depart
ment house. "Heap big" lot of pa
pers means "heap big" fund to donate
to the Red Cross.
to exterminate the citrus canker, in
volving the destruction by burning of
between five and ten million dollars
worth of citrus trees, is being made,
with prospects of successful outcome
in several, it not all, of tho infected
states.
FIRST NATIONAL BUYS
WAR LOAN CERTIFICATES
Tho First National Bank of Med
ford has subscribed for $75,000 of
the new government treasury certif
icates being issued for war purposes.
These certificates draw three per i
cent interest, are non-taxable and can
be used to apply on purchase of gov-j bam,
eminent bonds as soon as they are , ener.
PATENT GRANTED TO
WASHINGTON, April 25. Tho In
terstate Commerce Commission today
prescribed tho method of proceduro
in the fifteen per cent rate advance
cases by permitting the railroads to
fllo supplemental tariffs covering tho
Increase. This Is in line with the
commission's tentative order entored
into a few days ago.
A new tariff will be subject to pro
test, suspension, complaint, Investi
gation and correction, the commission
announced and their filing is only
preliminary to detailed consideration
of the application and does not dis
pose of tho cases.
Indication are that the commission
will Boon sot dates for hearings at
which tho merits ot these increases
will be considered and snippers will
be given an opportunity to state their
views.
The effective dato of the ordor,
should it be finally approved is
changed from Juno 1 to July 1.
Y. M. C. A., decided to commemorate
Y. M. C. A. day In tho churches May
Gth and endeavor to raise $1500 in
tho valley for the work of this organ
ization. '
Mr. RboadoB outlined the work of
the Y, M. C. A. in war and quickly
dispelled the Idea that tho association
is meroly a group of well meaning
enthusiasts. Ho showed how practi
cal and necessary the work is and
maintained that it only came second
In Importance to tho Itcd Cross. It is
planned to raise $60,000 In Oregon
and Idaho, every brigade in the army
to bo furnished a Y. M. C. A. unit.
The following committee was nam
ed for Modford: C. 10. Gates, W. H.
Patents granted to citizens of Ore
gon, April 17, 1917. Reported
through the office of R. G. Park, Jr.,
solicitor of patents, Washington,
D. C:
Anna K. Astamon, Snlcm, chimney
holder. Orin N. Boyer, Ontario, automatic
scale-weight, .fruit and vegetable
sizer.
Hugh K, Brown, assignor ono-half
to E. Brlco, Portland, oil-burner.
William C. . Coleman, Portland,
wearing apparel. '
Walter Dyer, Portland, arch con
struction. t
Albeit M. Grubbs, Portland, ani
mal trap.
Ferdinand Gundorph, Portland,
pendulum-escapement.
Burton E. Hnney, Modford, lawn
hose holder.
Charles C. Mitchell & W. J. Bar-
Dallas, bed shrlng and tight-
issued, which will be in the near fu
ture. The total issue of treasury certif
icates , is $200,000,000 and the
amount subscribed for by tho First
National bank of this olty is probably
as large as will be taken by any bank
In a city the size of Medford on the
Pacific coast and is much larger in
proportion than is being subscribed
for by banks in the larger financial
cities on the coast, which certainly
speaks well for the local financial
institution.
fruit
Karl G. Moltzner, Portland,
cutter and pitting machine.
'Christina SwanBon, assignor to J..
Kopf, Portland, hat fastener.
TWO MILLIONS IN DIAMONDS
ARRIVE IN NEW YORK
NKW YORK, April 25. A ship
ment of diamonds valued at more
than $2,000,0(10. arrived at an Am
erican port today on n Dutch steam
ship from Rotterdam. The stones
are consigned to American dealers
FARM ADVISER OF S. P.
TO LECTURE IN MEDFORD
H. W. Campbell, farm adviser for
the Southern Pacific company, writ
ing from his Nebraska home to the
Medford Commercial club, states that
Saturday, May 5, the dnto solected for
his appearance in this city for his
noted lecture and storcoptlcon lllus.
tratlons, is entirely satisfactory to
him.. Mr. Campbell has fully rocov.
ered from tho Illness which prevent
cd his appearance here, as per an
nounccmont, a month ago. Tho sub
stantial and practical Instruction In
that lecture is of special value to far
mers everywhere. He should have an
immense house on May 5.
Mr. Campbell also writes that the
wheat crop in Nebraska is almost a
total failure this year just when i
bumper crop would have been a God
send, both to tho producer and the
consumer. "Thoso farmers who fol
lowed our instructions" says Mr
Campbell, "have green fields and a
snlcnill.l promise of a big crop; but
those farms are only an occasional
green spot In the great areas of
wheat-producing territory in Nebras
ka." . t ' '
PLAN TO RAISE FUND FOR
Y. M. C. A. FOR WAR USE
Gore, Dr. R. W. Stearns, Fred Mears,
George Roberts, Vernon Vawter, B.
W. Paul and Rev. Rice.
The work in Central Point will be
under tho direction of Rev. Bandy
and in Jacksonville under the direc
tion ot Rov. Gammons, while the fol
lowing committee was namod for
Ashland: O. C. McCalllster, C. B.
Lamkin. C. F. Carson, J. F. Patty, G.
R. Slingerland, Clark Bush and O. H.
Billings.
Tho work for raising the necossary
funds will start in the various
churches and will be followed by per
sonal solicitation under the direction
of the local committees followed prob
ably by a mass meeting in Medford.
IF
S THOUSANDS
UPON THOUSANDS OF
HEALTHY BOYS & GIRLS EAT
Grape-Nuts
AND CREAM EVERY
MORNING BECAUSE
WISE MOTHERS
"There's a Reason'
ftllUIBT
illllllllHP
We Do Not Beg the Favor of Your Account
the favor, if any, is mutual. Wc seek no bus
iness on any other" basis than reciprocity. AVe are
glad to have your account, indeed, but we try to
pay you for it in return, not only through interest
payments, but through real banking service, per
sonal interest and business friendship as well.
The Jackson County Bank
MEDFORD, ORKOON.
Established 1888.
.Ministers and citizens from all
parts of Jackson county gathered at
tho puJillc library Thursday after
noon and under the direction of tho
FATIM
A Sensible Cigarette
s
Eckman
Such men seek
smoke-comfort
WHEN YOU stop to realize the num.
ber of sound, conservative men who
have changed over to Fatimas in the last six
months, it surely "indicates that Fatimas
must offer something no other cigarette
can offer.
Perhaps you haven't thought of it this
way:
Do you know any other cigarette that is
always cool and comfortable? Do you
know any other cigarette beside Fatimas
tbnt leaves a man feeling fine and "fit"
. - j
even after a long-smoking day?
It is these qualities -that make Fatimas
truly sensible.
Mm
A
t - vr
1 1 11,
M Hi''
MONEY RAISING SALE
FOR 10 DAYS
QUICK ACTION IMPERATIVE.
Our entire stock of Trimmed
Millinery, Flowers, Feathers,
Ribbons, Ornaments. '
At Exactly
One-Fourth Off
There is no time for -d(day
on your part or ours as 'we
want to turn this Dig Stock ol!
M illinery into Cash "at once.
IS'o discount on order work.
Sale Commences
THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 26.
at MAY CO. STORE
MISS TAYLOR.
Make Thrift a Household Word
Teach the children to be thrifty. Habits
formed in childhood are not apt to change
in after years. The key opening box of
ShinoiA with more than fifty shines and a
ShinoiA HOME SET
for polishing is an outfit
unequalled for economy
and convenience.
BLACK TAN WHITE
At all dealer! Take no ubatltute.
SHINE WITH SmuoiA AND SAVE I ') r ) BOMB SET
BEDDING PLANTS
It's time to plan for your flower garden. We are
better prepared tlian ever before to supply your
wants for all kinds of outdoor plants. Call at green
house at 100.") Fast Main or Telephone 374.
PIERCE Mcdford's Leading Florist
Alterative
OIJ lT A1X I.I-llllNU IUllHHT