II
UnV'crsiVi f Orcflon
v . .......
WEATIIEIl Maximum Yesterday. 58; minimum today. 36. FORECAST Toniir.it and Saturday, rain: -.vanner,
Forty-seventh Tear.
Pally Twelfth Yoar.
MEDFOTtD OKW'Qyr, SATURDAY. APRIL 14, 1917
NO. 20
MEDFORD
BREAK
GERMS IN
RETREAT ON
WIDE FRONT
, ; . , ,
British Offensive Developing Fast
Into Greatest Battle of War En
tire Teuton Line From Loos to St.
Ouentin Shaken and Broken
Through in Many Places Success
of Operations Greater Than Ex
pected Many Towns Taken.
LONDON, April 14. The British
offensive has developed in a great
push in the most literal sense of the
word,' telegraphs Renter's corres
pondent at the British army head
quars in France. "The success of the
operations which began on Monday
has been greater than perhaps we re
alize and the Germans are being
pushed hack from Loos to the south
ward. "It taltes an army a long time to
get away, however skilfully the retire
ment may have been planned and
with a vigorous offensive clinging to
its skirts in nn effort to avoid de
feat, it may be overwhelmed.
"German garrisons sneaked out of
some villages during the night, but
this slipping away cannot oe car
ried very far and when they are
forced back on the line to which they
may have hastily withdrawn and
without those guns and stores which
they were unable to cary away a de
cisive thing may happen."
A Bulldog Grip.
LONDON-, April 14. The British
have taken a bulldog grip on the
whole German line from Loos to north
of St. Quentin and refuse to bo shak
en off.
Under what the newspapers call the
"Halg plan" first one section of the
IHndenburg lino and then another,
has been subjected to violent bom
bardment, followed by heavy attacks,
which have badly shaken, If they have
not seriously brol.cn, the front on
what the Germans have depended for
the defense of tho industrial district
of France which has been in their
hands for more than two years.
Ixns Area Invested.
The Lens coal mining area around
the town is being closely invested
and the German hold on it is hcom
ing most precarious. Several more
villages and positions southwest of
the town fell Into British bauds dur
ing tho night together with four eight
Inch howitzers and the line hero has
been linked up with the positions tak
en from the Germans in the battle
of Loos.
The German slay In St. Quentin Is
likewise additional' threatened by
the capture by the British of the vil
lage of Fayet, a baro mile north
west of the town from which point tho
British guns comninnd the German
lines of communication northward.
Again tho British have advanced far
ther toward tho Canibriii-St. Quen
tin road whilo southeast of Arras
they are approaching Qucant, which
(Continued or Pago Five.)
BOSTON, April 11. Greetings
from Madame Catherine Breshkov
skayn, "Grandmother of the Russian
Revolution," who returned to Petro
grad from Siberia, after being in ex
ile forty-four years, were received
here today by Miss Alice Stone Black--ell,
editor of the Woman's Journal.
In a cable message sent In reply to
one from Miss Blackwell expressing
happiness of American friends over
her liberation, Madame Breshkovs
kaya said:
"Greetings from free Russia to the
People of the I'nlted States of Amer
Am enjoying happiness with all
he city and Russia nnd Siberia."
BACK FROM SiBBRIA
AFTER FORTV-FOUR YEARS
FIELD TACTICS
FAST REPLACING
INCH FIGHTING
Trench Warfare Thing of the Past
Germans Difficult to Break of the
Habit of Digging Themselves In
Kir.denburg Line Turned in Many
Places Gaps Torn in Defenses.
BRITISH HEADQUARTERS IN
FRANCE, April J 4. It Is not without
difficulty that one comes to a realiza
tion that semi-open warfare has re
placed the old deep trench fighting
of the greater part of the British
front. It is difficult even for the
fighting men actually to grasp the
situation, a situation for. which they
have waited so long. Tho Germans
possibly feel tho change more than
anyone else, for above all things they
love their underground comfort. The
Germans were the first to transfer
fighting to ditches and they are re
luctantly giving up that style of war
fare.
The deep concreted dugouts and
tunnels along the old front were the
only protection the Germans had
against tho ever increasing British
gun fire and every time they get an
opportunity to pause now they im
mediately begin to dig in. They tako
to cover as if by second nature.
Dugouts Soften Men.
Tho British have always contend
ed that the German dugouts soften
ed the men who congregated in them
and could only be kept with difficul
ty in the open trenches. So it was
easier to break the British of the
trench habit than has been the case
with the Germans.
Open field tactics have been a part
of tho training of tho now British
army ever since its organization be
gan in 1914. There has been some
criticism of that system from time
to time on the ground that the war
would always be fought from trench
to trench, but for the last few months
tho British army in France has been
drilled In open tactics almost daily.
The result of these training methods
havo been apaprent in the last few-
days and will undoubtedly prove still
more valuablo in the wider operations
which are unquestionably coming.
Turning of tho Line,
The turning of the top of the Ilin-
donburg line, to which attention is
now officially called in the commun
iques, has been nn achievement of
which the full importance has natur-
Uly not yet been developed. The
Germans, by the way, no longer call
this line after Ilindenburg, but know
it as the Siegefrcld line. The switch
to that lino from Qucant north, which
prisoners say Is not yet finished and
was not expected to be used except
as a last resort, is known as the Wo-
tan line, in the extreme south the
Ilindenburg line 1h known as the Al
brecht line. The complete smashing
of the Vimy ridge seems to have
somewhat upset the German plans but
they are evidently determined to put
up the strongest possible defensive
fight before falling back again.
Gaps In Two l'luccs.
The gaps In the German defenses
were made in two places. Positions
on a front for three miles between the
Double Crassicr nnd Glvenchy and
another mile on the north flank of
tho ilindenburg trench system were
captured. Advance posts wero push
ed well toward Qucant and Pronvllle,
Important points in tho German de
fenses. WASHINGTON, April 1 1 Weath
er predictions for the week beginning
Sunday Issued by the weather bureau
today are:
Pacific states: Frequent rains are
probable In Washington, Oregon and
cvtreiiie nor them California. Gen
erally t.ir In central ami southern
California. Temperature near season
normal,
E
Negotiations in Progress Between
German and Russian Socialists to
End War Austrian Socialist
Leaders on Way to Petrograd
Briflsh and French -Welcomed.
' COPENHAGEN, April 14. Peace
within two months and u half is pre
dicted by the Copenhagen eorrespon
dent of the Dnnisk socialist press,
which confirms the reports of unof
ficial negotiations between Russian
and German socialists as against the
diplomatic denials 5n tho socialist
newspapers hero nnd in, Hcrlin.
The first negotiations, says the
correspondent, who is a socialist
member of the Danish parliament,
were broken off, enabling two papers
to launch n denial that they were in
progress, but they were immediately
resumed and are being prosecuted
vigorously. The correspondentthon
enters into n discussion of pence
terms in which he nppenrs to take
German socialist expectations and
hopes for the government policy.
Germany's Terms.
"I nm assured from an absolutely
trustworthy source," ho says, "that
Germany is ready to restore Helgium
and Serbia, evacuate France and
with Turkey arrange nn ngrecment
with Hussia of the free navigation of
the Dardanelles. 'An ugreemen', is
also possible on the Polish question
as tho Russian government knows."
AMSTERDAM, April J 4. A Vi
enna dispatch says the Austrian par
liament will be summoned to meet in
the middle of May.
The .German newspapers say thai
not only is Philip Sceidemann, lender
,nf Ihe majority socialists, oa his way
to Stockholm, but Hint he is accom
panied by three prominent Gorman
socialists, Addler, Eizberirer and
llaase. Tiio four men are traveling
on special passports and it is believ
ed in Berlin socialist circles they will
meet envoysof the Russian govern
ment with whom they proceed lo Pet
rograd,
Iditmr Deputations.
PETROGRAD," April 1-1. British
and French labor deputations scut to
extend fraternal greetings to the new
Russian government, arrived in Pet
rograd at midnight last night.
Tile delegations were welcomed by
huge crowds carrying red banners in
scribed "Unity,'' which were waved
while the bands played the "Marseil
laise." f;
it
WASHINGTON', April 14. Secre
tary Hnkcr today approved u decis
ion of Ihe judge ndvuciilo general
which foreshadows raising the
strength of the national guard to
(illli.lHMI men on n war footing.
Following are the slates which
have applied for authorization to or
ganize new units of national guard:
Washington, Ohio, Indiana, Wiscon
sin, Vermont, Massachusetts, Con
ncclicut, Rhode Island, New York.
District of Columbia, Maryland,
North Carolina, Florida, Iowa, South
Dakota, Missouri, Nebraska, Texas,
Oklahoma, Louisiana and I'tah.
SENATOR LANE PLANNING
EARLY RETURN TO OREGON
WASIIrNOTON, April 14 Sena
tor Lane, whose condition shows no
material change, spent an hour at
his office this afternoon. He Is at
tempting to straighten out some of
his affairs which require personal at
tention, but has not yet definitely de
cided to leave Washington.
The senator's family Is still trying
lo persuade him to leave, and lie may
decide to return to Oregon Instead of
going to California.
W THIN
MONTHS
SAY SOCIALISTS
EX-KING OF PORTUGAL HELPS CRIPPLED MEN LEARN TRADES niniTIIIHTO III ""I nil I I A 1 1 St rw
f, CAPITALISTS IN TR ILIONSnF
B&lfF M FAVOROFTAXIHG 1 X
EVf comes t0 Pay War Ben
tt cftJwTf v5 son Says America Gave Hlm "
I Wife&fe VjS portunity to Make Fortune.
Some of I-.nl'iiicls tII(m1 koIiHu
is nro here nliown ciiinying th news
of tiio run a a lrtivnt. At I'llit, for
mcr King .Manuel or l'ortupil.
LONDON", April 13. Tho greatest
human problem of the centuries is
staring England in the faco and a
throneleas king is helping her solve
it.
The problem Is tho crippled sol
dier. ( What shall be done with him?
The king is Manuel of Portugal.
"Curative workshops" aro being
established about the country under
tho direction of tho dethroned king,
acting as representative of tho Hcd
Cross.
In theso workshops you can see
King Manuel bending over a crip
pled soldier, aiding him in "liher
ing" tho nrlii'ifial fingers on his arti
ficial hands, so he can pick tip small
tools, or sawing a board for a crip
pled lathc-hand, or fetching an awl
for a legless workman
Manuel of Portugal has aroused
England to the necessity of training
the crippled veterans so they can sup
port themselves and add to tho coun
try's Industrial output In time of
peace.
Government action Is now being
demanded by tiio labor party, the
kingdom's physicians, by Sir Alfred
Keogh, director-general of the nnuy
medical services, and by tho statu
tory committee on pensions.
AVhat is asked is a new department
related to the army medical corps,
but under distinct management,
whoso sole purpose shall bo to learn
scientifically what wounded soldiers
are best fitted to do, and then teach
them to do It.
The London Times has added Its
voice to tho demand.
SHERIDAN S1AY
I'OltTLANI). Ore., April 14 Hres
Ident Wilson lias granted Thomas It.
Sheridan, convicted Kosoburg banker,
an ndltlonnl .Id-day respite to allow n
further Investigation Into his case,
according lo nothe received here to
day by wire by I'nlted States Mar
shal Montag. Sheridan is under a
five year prison sentence for having
converted money of bank depositors
to his own use. Ilo lost about $.".0,
000, wliicli It was said belonged to
Ills depositors r ml. In defense, claim
ed the money was Inn nod hlm by
them,
Wy 7
C - A v A
WASHINGTON', April 14 Ol'I'i
einl notification Hint tol ivin hud sov
crcd diplomatic relations with (ler
ninny reached Ihe stale department
today in n note I'rom Minister Cal
deron. The text of the conimuuica
tion may he niude public Inter,
LA PAZ, llolivin, April M. The
note of the Holiviitn government to
the Gorman minister announcintr the
severance of diplomatic relations
with (icrmuus denounces the nttneks
of German submarines on neutral
vessels as violations of international
law and of The Hague conventions.
The note concludes :
"Your excellency will understand
(lint nllhnugh we regret the breach of
diplomatic relations between llolivin
and the (ieriniin empire, such rela
tions have become insupportable un
der .. isting circumstances. In con
sequence your excellency will find
herewith passports I'or yourself and
Ihe members of your legation."
HKKST, Trance, April 1 I. Three
bodies bearing life belts, one of which
was that of a sailor from the Ameri
can steamship Aztec, torpedoed by
a Cerman submarine on April t with
the loss of 2S lives, have been picked
up by fishermen, brought ashore and
burled. Tho body of an unidentified
American, not a sailor, has been found
near Itoscoff.
TURKS DEFEATED
LONDON, April 14 The Turks
have sustained another defeat at the
hands of the Ililtisli In Mesopotamia.
Tho war office announces Lint the
Turks are In retreat after a battle
in which they suffered heavy losses.
EX-GOVERNOR FLETCHER OF
SOUTH DAKOTA DEAD
roilTLAN'll, April 1 I. - Ji.nifs II.
riclehcr. Iir-t lit -i 1 1 fli ti 1 1 1 eovcrri.i.' of
South Hiikiiln, died here ln-t nieht.
iiL'eil years. Heteher m in the
'nld riih to the Klondike and fur
M'Vcinl vcni-H published a new spiipcr
at Siilcm, Or,
IN ISOPOTnln'lMMflf
SAN FRANCISCO, April 14. The
patriotic principle that large incomes
should boar heavy contribution to the
nation's war revenues la today free
ly supported by representative capi
talists along the Pacific coast.
"I am in heriy accord with any
measure that will conscript capital
and keep tho financial burden from
falling on tho mnssos who have the
human burdens to boar."
SpreekelK' Conviction.
Thus did Rudolph Spreckels, San
Francisco mflllonniro banker, express
the conviction that men of large
menus must mutch with heavy finan
cial sacrifice the personal service of
tho men who will offer their lives
in tho fight with Germany.
That such contributions should not
bo comparatively trifling but must
fully measure up to tho country's
need was tho unmistakable attitude
of many other men of wealth.
"I think tho grentor tho income the
greater should bo tho war tax by a
considerable proportion," was tho way
Harry Whitnoy Treat, Seattle capi
talist voiced It, "and let the general
public bear Its part paying greater
duties on imported goods."
Tho plan suggested - by E. W
Scripps, publisher, to President Wil
son, whereby all Incomes over $100,-
000 should bo conscripted to help
finance tho war, together with a grad
uated lax on smaller Incomes and pay
of $:l per day for every fighting ninn
Is receiving widespread approval from
thoso it would nffoct.
Heuson Favors It.
"I am heartily In favor of the on
script Income plan," said Simon Den
son, ni li It 1-ni I i llonn I ro landowner and
capitalist of Portland, Ore. "Amorl
ca has given mo tho opportunity to
nmass a fortune. Now my fortune
must bear Its share of the war cost.
"Unpatriotic men of wenlth should
be compelled to pay. I do not think
men of wealth will oppose this plan.
I also favor paying soldiers Jll n
day."
Ilenson's net Income for 1910 was
$180,000. Under the conscript plan
that would mean ho would contribute
JSO.OOO at least.
"Tho Scripps Idea Is exactly my
own," Is the view of Thndileus S,
I.une of Spokane, Wn. "I think it is
all right. There Isn growing Hcntl
incut that too much of the burden of
thlB war shall not be placed on futuro
generations.
"If wo expect a Inrge army within
n short lline, men with largo incomes
should show Hint they aro willing to
do their part by taking over their
sharo of the burden right away."
Hush Also favors It.
And this from August A. Ilusch
nnd Charles Nagel of Ht. Louis, trus
tees of the Adolphus Ilusch eslnto:
"Without going Into details, we
favor a scheme that will, as far
possible, collect the necessary taxes
as wo go along. This, wo assume,
must Include n progressiva Inroiuo
tux much more drastic than we now
liiivc,"
AMSTKUDAJr, April II. -The
military critic of the Vie-xiM'ho Zci
t II II tf of Merlin writes he has received
ii ii v letters which prove "the nerves
of many renders are Ixl: in n i n lt to
llive way." lie dwell on the "illl
1'iiiirnled" excitement whirh he Mutes
is f-preiiiliui. uniniie; ilin-o at home
and warns the public not to judyc tin
.dilution from single cvcnN, but to
take events us u whole into coumiI-eraliiiti,
War Revenue Authorization Bill
Passes House After Extended De
bate, in Which Nearly Every One,
Republican and Democrat, Speaks
in Measure's Behalf Large Loans
to Allies, Especially France Fa
vored Loans to Be Limited.
WASHINGTON, Ajril 14 Tho
$7,00(1,01)0,000 war revenue author
ization bill was passed Into today by
the house.
The vote of the houso was unani
mous, Speaker Clurk directing that
his vote be recorded ns aye. fiepre
scutntivo London, New York, social
ist, was Hie only member nnswering
present.
A commit (eo amendment limiting
the louuiiu; authority so ns to cease
on (lie termination of tho war with
Germany was adopted. Another
amendment limitinr loans to tho al
lies against Germany and declaring
specifically Hint the foruign lonn is
for national defenso purposes was
adopted.
May Need More Money.
Representative Mann warned con
gress the Vliited Stutea might bo
culled on to spend vastly more money
tlimi proposed today, nnd that the
United Stales might havo to rnise
great sums to finance the war on its
own account, lie opposed nn amend
ment by lieprescnlulive Slonn of Ne
braska to strike out n section of tho
bill Hint permits any series of bonds
issued to be converted into bonds
bearing higher interest if any should
be bonds issued at higher interest by
December HI, lit 1 8. The amendment
was overwhelmingly rejected.
An amendment was added to limit
specifically distribution of the pro
posed !f:),boi),000,()0l) foreign loan,
which tho bill would authorize, to
countries actually at war with Ger
many and only diiriui; hostilities. '
Republicans KiiiHl't Hill.
An amendment by Hepresenlativo
Shccklcl'ord lo levy an additional in
come tax witii a view to preventing
any net income of over if,")0,IIOO annu
ally to any person wns ruled out of
order on object ion by Democratic
Leader Kitehin, ,
A proposal by Representative
Towner of Iowa to cliininalo tho pro
posed 0(10, 01111, 1100 loan to allies
was eiiiiiinatcd also.
Speeches by Republican Leader
Mann and Representative Rainey of
Illinois, Kitzgernld of New York and
Gardner of .Massachusetls, urging
lull adoption of the broad features
of Ihe iidininistrnlion's plan were ap
plauded. Money being the only aid
Hint this country can now g-ive tho
allies, lieprescnlulive Mnnn declurcd,
it should not he denied tllcnl.
.Maim for Measure.
"We arc not prepared," he said,
"In place men in the field. Wo nro
not prepared to do much with our
navy, not because we have no navy,
but bcciitise of luck of an opportun-
(Continued on Pago Five)
.MAIMtm, April 14. Foreign Min
ister (lluicno announced the protest
to Germany In regard to the sinking
of the Spanish steamei San Vulgen
cio wns sent to Ihe Spanish ambas
sador In llerlln on Saturday. The
gravl of the situation is emphasized
by all I ho newspnpers. Tho semi
official lilaro Universal says:
"The moment is gravo for Spain,
which no longer can abstract herself
from the reverberations of the ovents
transpiring (limit her,"
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