' !
WEATIIET? ilaximum yesterday, 53; minimum today, 3 3; precipitation, .06. FORECAST Tonight and tomorrow, partly cloudy, light frost.
EDFOR
Forty-sixth Tear.
Dally Eleventh Tear.
MEDFORD. OREO OX, AVE DXESDAY, MATiCII 21, 1917.
NO. 308
D
If
D
CONGRESS CA
It
lit
i
TU DECLARE MOBILIZING r
STATEOFWAR RESOURCES
.NOW EXISTS OF COUNTRY
President Recognizes That Germany
Is Making War Upon the United
States Calls Congress to As
semble In Extra Session April 2,
to Deal With Situation and to
Authorize Further Steps for the
Protection of American Interests.
WASHINGTON, March 21. Pres
ident Wilson, recognizing that Ger
many practically is making war on
tiie United Stales on the sens, today
called congress to assemble in extra
ordinary session on April 2 to deal
with the situation.
The purposcof tho session, now
called two weeks earlier than the
date first set, as announced in the
president's procalamation is to re
ceive a communication from the chief
executive on "grave questions of na
tional policy."
Tho president in his address to
e4)gress will detail how Germany
practically has been making war on
the United States by (he ruthless de
struction of American lives and ships
. on the high seas in contravention of
all the laws of notions and humanity.
SUito of War Exists. S
Congress then is expected to pnss
a, resolution declaring that a state,
of war has existed between the Unit
ed States and Germany for some
time.
Such a resolution in itself will not
be a declaration of war in a tech
nical sense, although practically it
will amount to the same thing.
As a consequence the United States
will take further steps to protect its
interests on the high seas and else
where against the warlike acts of
Germany nnd whether an actual state
of war will come to exist in its full
sense will depend on the future acts
&f the imperial German government.
Since last Sundav when three Am
erican vessels were sunk off the
British Isles in quick succession, with
loss of American lives bringing the
totul number of Americans lost
through German submarine 'opera
tions to more than 200 the pres
ident nnd ull his advisors have recog
nized that a state of war exists.
From all parts of tho country have
come calls for the immediate sum
moning of congress in extra session.
(Continued on Page Eight.)
T
NEW YORK, March 21. Almost
$.100,000 was spent by the railroads
in newspaper advertising in the re
cifit eight-hour controversy with
their men, but not tho $3,000,000
thnt brotherhood lenders charged be
fore congress was so employed, it
was announced here today by Frank
II. Fnyant, who is in charge of pub
licity for tho nntionnl conference
committee "of the railroads. Com
plete accounts just made up, lie said,
showed that $205,000 was used for
advertising "or a little more than $1
for every mile of road in tho coun
try." "We did not use newspnper adver
tising until the hrotlieihoods: an
nounced thoy would refuse arbitra
tion nnd would resort to n nation
wide strike." Mr. Faynnt said. "Wc
' placed two advertisements in every
country weekly newspaper in the
United States, a total of l.'l.Rfi'j pub
lications nnd three advertisements
in every daily newspaper of 2,170
publications, a total of 10,033 news
papers. Some nse was also made of
mmrnzines."
The purpose, he said, "was to place
Fquurcly before the country the issue
involved."
Industrial and Military Reserves
Being Brought to State of Readi
nessArmy of 509,000 as Nuc
leus for Army of Three Million
Ford and Schwab's Offers Ac
ceptedSteel Trust Plants Also
Copper Interests Offer Metal.
WASHINGTON, March 21. All
the resources of t'tie United States
industrial as well as military are be
ing speedily mobilized to place the
nation in the fullest slate of readi
ness for any eventuality.
For the present the responsibility
rests with the navy which is arming
American merchant ships, and plac
ing rush orders for submarine chas
ers. Special orders have been issued
advancing the graduating time of the
classes at. Annapolis.
Plans for the army arc not so fully
matured. It is believed, however,
that President Wilson will recognize
tho possiblity of the army's partici
pation in the wur when he addresses
congress by discussing the need of
universal training. In a tentative
way pluns for marshalling the full
strength of the regular army, the Na
tional Guard and the training of a
volunteer army of f00,000 men hnve
been worked out in the nnny wnr col
log. Army or 500,000.
The volunteer nrn:y of 500,000 is
planned as n nucleus of what even
tually would he nn army of 3,000,000
and would be assembled in training
camps.
The mobilization of industrial re
sources has gone much further. Hun
dreds of great corporations, through
the efforts of the council of national
defense, have prepared themselves to
utilize their full efficiency in the de
fense of the nation.
Henry Ford, the Detroit automo
bile manufacturer, has offered, nnd
the government has accepted, his
great plant to be operated without
profit in the event of wnr. Charles
M. Schwab has announced thnt his
Hetlilchem plant, now. greater than
Krupps, will be used entirely for the
government. The United States Steel
corporation and a hundred other
great industrial organizations have
been making plans for their partici
pation. Yesterday the great copper
interests notified the government
that they would supply the nnny and
navy with their vital supplies of cop
per at about half the market price.
Half Ililllon CilsIi.
When tiie president addresses con
gress he is expected to go into the
details of the situation very fully,
particularly as to how it affects the
future of tho United Stales.
While it is not known how much
money President Wilson may suggest
to congress as necessary to meet the
(Continued on Page Eight.)
L
LONDON. March 21. Joseph
Wcsterberg, American consul at Mat
moo, Sweden, who recently was ad
judged liable for penalty for 119,000
crowns in a civil action, Is reported
in a Malmoe dispatch to the Politiken
of Copenhagen, as quoted In an Ex
change Telegraph dispatch, to huvo
been dismissed.
Mr. Wcsterberg, the American con
sular agent at Malmoe. lost I suit
brought by a Copenhagen concern to
recover damage under a contract.
It was alleged that In breach of nn
agreement ho re-exported a quantity
of American pork wnlch he Import
ed to Sweden through the company
which brought the siit.
FORMER EMPEROR
r W K vtewfl hi-- v -
GERMANY MAY f llgfifg FORMER CZAR
STRIKEWITHOUT LLfflffii IMPRISONED AT
Mlnlllnl MflTIP f !'!'' shows tho ciiir, cziirliut nnd fliHr five children: Left to right: TQAQQItfil- d-lfl
I UlllllflL I 1U I lUL J"uul ,),,,',,K riiV O'Julim Alexandria, Grand liuclims Tntinnii, (imnd I I lHllI llll H"! ll I I I
Duchess Oikga, tlici czar, Cirand Duchoss Amiatuaia, uml below, (imnd Duko I VI IIIUIIUU vLLU
' Alexis, now cxar of Itussin. i ,
Hague Provisions Expected to Be ig
nored by Germany and Warlike
Operations Likely to Be Begun at
Once Congress to Speedily De
clare That State of War Exists.
WASHINGTON, March 21. With
the knowledge that the Uniled tSatcs
is practically certain to declare a
statu of war existing, many officials
believe thnt Germany may begin war
like operations against tho United
States in a fuller sense.
Although Tho Hague conventions
of 1007 to which both the United
States and Germany were signator
ies, declare that hostilities shall not
begin without formal notice to bel
ligerents ns well ns to neutrals, it is
recognized that The Hague treaties
have been so openly disregarded dur
ing the wnr in Kuropc that no com
pliance with them may be expected
with any confidence. Hcfore The
Hague conventions there was ample
precedent for beginning of hostiii
ties without formal wnr declarations.
Precedents of History.
The precedents of history show
thnt the great majority of the world's
conflicts have been begun before for
mal declaration of war was made.
According to authorities on inlor
national luw a condition of war
arises in three ways:
. 1. A declaration of wnr.
2. A proclamation or manifesto
declaring that n state of war exists.
3. Through the commission of
hostile nets of force.
Ouc authority on interntional luw
describing ways in which hostilities
may begin without formal declara
tion, says, acts of force by way of
reprisals or during a pacific block
ado or during nn intervention might
be forcibly resisted hostilities
breaking out in this way.
President Wilson's ncfion today
wns quickly followed by predictions
lit the capitol that congress speedily
would declare a fctuto of war exist
ing. Chairman Flood of the house for-
(Continued on Page Eight.)
L1TTLK UOriC, Ark., March 21.
Five persons were killed ni'd four
others seriously injured in tho tor
nado which swept a small section
nenr Dclurk. Ark., early today, ac
cording to reports received here.
AND DEP0S ED ROYAL FAMILY
HAWAII DELUGED ' BULBARS KILL 60
BY CLOUDBURST:
ONE LIFE LOST
HONOLULU, T. II., March 21
The heaviest rains in years here dur
ing tho lust 48 bom's undermined
foundations of buildings and did
other damage. Streets in tho lower
levels were running rivers, lime
legged Kanaka boys caught fish in
the main street of Wnikiki.
Keports of roods and bridges
wnshed out nnd property damaged
generally were received from other
islands. A cloudburst on the Island
of Hawaii washed bodies out of their
graves in n Japanese cemetery and
t'lung them over ciine fields.
Weather bureau records for 21
hours ending near midnight last night
showed a precipitation of 13.31
inches of water.
Loss of life, 'so far reported, wns
confined to the death of one Japan
ese woman in the cloudburst on Ha
waii. During the downpour the inter
island i-teainer Mauri went on the
rocks of Muknlawaeiiu island and is
a total loss with 10,3(10 bags of sugar
aboard. There is a hole in her bot
tom nnd she was pounding hard on
her benm ends. (MUccr:, and
abandoned her.
c"ew
President's Proclamation
"WIIKK'KAS, public interests iT(itirc that tlx;
congress of the United States should be couwiii'd in
extra .session at; 12 o'clock noon on the second day of
April, 1917, to receive a coinniuiiicat ion conceniiiitf
grave, matters of national policy which should bo
immediately taken under consideration,
"XOW, Therefore, I, W'nodrow Wilson, president
of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim
nnd declare that, an extraordinary occasion reiiiires
the congress of the United States to convene in ext ra
session on the second day of April, 1017, at. twelve
o'clock noon, of which all persons who shall at that
ti mo be entitled to act as members thereof are here
by required to take notice.
'(liven under my hand nnd the seal of the United
States of America, the 21st. day of .March, in (he year
of Our Lord, one thousand, nine hundred and seven
teen nnd of the independence of the United States
the UUV
OF RUSSIA ORDERED IMPRISONED
CIVILIANS.MONASTIR
CORFU, Oroco, March 21. As
phyxiating gaa bombs thrown into
the open city of Monastlr by tho Bul
garians in thoir bombardment on
March 17 killed more than sixty civil
ians, including 25 women and 31 chil
dren, according to the Sorbian preaii
bureau. Nearly twenty others, most
ly women and children, wcro killed
by sholl fire. Tho burenu has re
ceived tho following from Salonlki:
"According to supplementary re
ports the exact number of tho victims
of the terrible bombardment of the
open town of Monastlr by tho Unitar
ians on March 17 was: Killed, five
old men, nine women, five children;
wounded, two old men, two women.
Killed by asphyxiating gas, six old
men, 25 women, 31 children. Suffer
ing from effects of gas Blxty-one, who
aro not expected to recover."
Roosevelt Given Medal.
NEW VOKK, Mar. 20. The David
Livlngstono centenary medal was
presented to Theodore Kooanvolt to
night at tho American (Icogrnphic
society in honor of service to the
,:'enoe of geography on his trip down
1 1 no 1(1 vol' of lioiibt.
AT TS ARSK0E-SEL0
New Regime Orders Deposed Em
peror and Consort Along With
Other Reactionaries Locked Up-
General Political Amnesty Ordered
by Provisional Government.
HCTHOGUAD, March 21 General
political amnesty has been ordered
by the provisional government. The
order is embodied ill tho following
ukase:
"Yielding to tho demands of tho
nuli. mill cnscicncc in the naiiiu of
historic juslico nnd commemoration
ot tba delnulo triumph of the new
regime founded upon right and liberty
we order general political amnesty."
The provisional government nlso
bus published a manifesto fully con
finning tho constitution of Finland
and ordering its application in full
form.
The manifesto grunts comprehen
sive amnesty to nil political pris
oners. H nlso provides for the early
convocation of the Finnish diet.
LONDOX, March 21. The ortho
dox clergy at Kiev, Itui'siu, has recog
nized the new government, Renter's
I'ctrogrnd correspondent reports.
Itoyalty Imprisoned.
LONDON', March 21 The Hussion
government has ordered that the de
posed emperor and his .consort shall
be regarded lis having been deprived
of their liberty and Unit they shall be
brought to T.-urskoe-Selo, Iieiiters'
(Continued on Pago Two.)
A
LONDON'. March 21.-Hon-
tor's Amsterdam correspondent
reports Unit il is rumored Hint
serious riols have broken out
in I u il in in connection with tho
scarcity of food.
A dispatch from Oldeiiziuil, "
Holland, suys itersistont rumors
lire i in rent of great rioting in
Itcrlin. The dispatch adds: i
"Frontier regiment are report-
cd to have left for Ilcilin to
Imiiiif nin order."
TEUTONS TO
WITHDRAW
If BELGIUM
Indications of Retreat by Germans
From Line North of Arras Rapid
Progress Being Made In Pursuit of
Fleeing Teutons Important Gains
Made Germans Leave Inhabitants
Destitute French Regain Ten
Villages Russians in Mesopotamia
PETJIOGRAD, March 21. Russian
troop driving southwestward from
Sakklz, Persia, have crossed the Mo
8opotamIan frontier into Turkish ter
ritory, the war office announced to
day, v ,
I.O'.VDON March 21. The . pos
sibility o fa German withdrawal In
the region north of Arras, extending
into Belgian territory, Is forecast in
a Central News dispatch from Am
sterdam. The dispatch quotes a correspond- '
ent in northern France 'as reporting
hat tho Germans are developing great
activity from a point north of La
Basse canal to a point past the
Franco-Belgian frontier which, he
says, seems to indicate a withdrawal
ot sallont lines. In the direction of
Lens and Dounl heavy explosions are
continual! y,.linard..-
Tho same patrol activity which pre
coded the retreat on the southern
front, he adds, Is now observed north
of Arras.
i Ten Villages Taken.
PARIS, March 21. Rapid progress
is being made by the French In pur
suit of the retreating Germans, tna.,
war office announces. 1 Important
gains were made on both sides of
the I.aon road, ten villages being cap
tured. After a sevore fight In which heavy
losses wqro sustained, the French'
carried Savrionols castle and the vil
lage of J ussy, about nino miles south
of St. Quontln. Skirmishes between
French cavulry and German detach
ments occurred on the Ham-St. Quen
tln road. South of Chauny the French
aro occupying the Alllotte line and
consolidating their new positions. A
German surprise attack in the Cham
pagne was repulsed.
Oernuins liel renting.
LONDON, March 21. The stormy
weather, with severaly cold winds
nnd frequent snow squalls, continued
during tho night in the region over
which tho British armies In France
are following tho retreating Ger
mans. Although these conditions
added to tho discomfort of field cam.
palgning, Router's representatives at
the British hendquartora telegraphs,
they havo had no bad effect on the
surface of the ground, which In the
nowly occupied territory remains
qulto practicable for movements of
(Continued on Page Two.)
E
NEW YORK, March 21. During
Germany's first month ot submarine
blockade immnd England nnd Scot
land and Ireland, America'? trade
through New York dropped 139,000,
000 ns compared with that In Feb
ruary of 1911!, according to figures
niado public here todny by tho collect
or of customs. Last month the total
was $r2.0ri7,000. Tho comparative
figures of exports to all ot Europe
shows an Increase ot about 11,070,
000. Exports through New York to all
fnielgn countries last month totalled
1222,352,000, un Increase of nearly
$8, 094, 000 as compared with the pre
vious February. Trade with Russia
Increased about 250 per cent.