pic? The Meals erf A met Ira are written
plain upon every page of American history.
"And I want you to know how fully 1
realize whose servant I urn. I dt, not own
the government of the United States, even
for the time being. 1 have no right in the
uxe iif it to express my own opinions 1
have no right to express my own ambitions
for tiie development of America if those
ambitions tiro not coincident with the am
bitions of tiic nation itself. And I have con.
stantly to remind myself that I am not the
Hervant of those who wish to enhance the
value of their Mexican investments, but
that I am the servant of the rank and tile of
the people of the United Htatea
"I get a great many letierH, my fellow
citizens, from Important and influential men
In this country, but I get a great many
other letters. I get letters from unknown
men, from humble women, from people
whose names have never been heard and
will never be recorded, and there is but one
prayer in all of these let tern."
"'Mr. 1'restdent, do not allow anybody to
persuade you that the people of this country
want wax with anybody.'
"I got off a train yesterday and as I wan
bidding good-bye to the engineer he said In
an undertone, 'Mr. President, keep us out
of Mexico and If one man has wild that to
mo, a thousand have suld It to me an 1 have
moved about the country. If I have op
portunity to engage tbm further In conver
sation they any, 'Of course we know that
you cannot govern the circumstances of the
uwe altogether, and It may be necessary, but j
for God's Rake do not do It unless It Is neces
sary.' "I am, for the time being, the spokesman
of such people, gentlemen. I havj not read
history without observing that the greatest
forces in the world and the only permanent
forces are the moral forces. We have the
evidence of a very competent witness, name
ly the first Napoleon, who said that as he
looked back in the last days of hLs life upon
so much as he knew of human history, he
had to record the Judgment that fore had
never accomplished nnythtng that was per
manent. "Force will not accomplish anything that
Is permanent. I venture to say, in the great
struggle which Is now going on on the other
side of the sea. The permanent things will
be accomplished afterward when the opinion
of mankind Is brought to bear upon the
issues, and the only thing that wl . hold the
world steady is this same silent, insistent, nil
powerful opinion of mankind. Force can
sometimes hold thlngH steady until opinion
has time to form, but no force that was ever
exerted except in response to that opinion
was ever a conquering and predominant
force.
"1 think the sentence in Amrhan history
that I myself am proudest of is that in the
introductory sentences of the Declaration
of Independence, where the writers say that
a due reHpect for the opinion of mankind
demands that they state the reasons for
what they are about to do. I venture to
say that a decent respect for the opinion of
mankind demanded that those who started
the present European war should have
stated their reasons, but they did not pay
any heed to the opinion mankli d, and the
reckoning will come when the settlement
comes.
"So gentlemen, I urn willing, no matter
what my personal fortunes may be, to play
for the verdict of mankind. Personally It
will be a matter of indifference to me what
the verdict on the seventh of November is,
provided I feel any degree of confidence that
when a later Jury sits X : iiall get their Judg
ment in my favor. Not in my favor per
sonally what difference does that make?
but In my favor ae an honest and conscien
tions spokesman of a great nation.
"There are pome gentlemen who are
under the delusion that the power of a na
tion comes from the top. It does not. It
comes from the bottom. The power and
virtue of the tree does not come from the
blossom and the fruit down into the roots,
but it comes from the roots in the obscure
passages of the earth, where the power is
derived which displays Itself in the blossom
and the fruit; and I know that among the
silent, speechless masses of the American
people Is slowly coming up the great sap of
moral purpose find love of Justice and rev
erence for humanity which constitutes the
only virtue and distinction of the American
people.
Rulers Couie From Anywhere.
"Look for your rulers of the future! Can
you pick out the families that ure going to
produce them? Can you pick out the lo
calities that are going to produce themT
'You have heard what has Just been said
about Abraham Lincoln. It Is singular how
touching every reference to Abraham Lin
coln Is, It always makes you feel that you
wish you had been there to help him In
some fashion to fight the battles tlml ho
was fighting sometimes almost alono.
"Could you have predicted, If you had
seqn Abruhum Lincoln's birth and boyhood,
where that great ruling figure of tho world
was going to spring from? 1 hnvo pre
sided over a university, but 1 never do
ceived myself by supposing that by uni
versity processes you were producing tho
ruling forces of the world. I knew that all
that a university could do If It knew Its
business was to Interpret the moral forces
of the world and let the young men who set
under its Influence know the very truth of
truths about where it came from, and that
no man could produce It unless he felt In
his blood every corpuscle spring Into do
lighted life with the mention of the Ideals
which have lifted men slowly, oh how slow
ly, up the arduous grades that have resisted
progress since the world began.
"So, gentlemen, I have not come her to
night to do anything but to remind you that
you do not constitute the United States, that
1 do not constitute the United States; that
It Is something bigger and greater and finer
than any of us; that It wut born in an Ideal,
and only by pursuing an ideal In the face
of every adverse circumstance will It con
tinue to deserve the beloved name which wo
love and for which we are ready to die, the
name 'America.' "
Peace Without Sacrifice of National Honor
Wilson's Achievements Outlined by Senator Ollie James as Permanent Chairman of National Convention.
Following is the complete text of the
speech of United States Senator Ollie
James, of Kentucky, permanent clinirmnn
of the. Democratic Nntionnt Convention, de
livered before the convention at Hi, Louis
on June 15th :
ST. IXMHS, Mo., June 16. The achieve
ments of the Wilson administration in en
ucting beneficial legislation and in keeping
the country at peace without sacrifice of
the national honor were pnonounced
epoch-making In American history by Sen
ator Ollie M. James of Kentucky In his ad
dress today as permanent chairman of the
Democratic National Convention.
"During three years of Its national con
trol," said Senator James, "Democracy has
enacted into law more progressive remedial
legislation than the nation Iris ever had
written upon its statute books since its
birth. In former national contests In the
last two rfceanVs our party came as a
prophet. Today we come with deeds, not
words; with performances, not promises.
The Democratic party has kept its word
with the American people. We have made
good."
The chairman reviewed at length the leg
islative record of the administration and
eulogized the President for his direction
of foreign affairs. The Democrats, he said,
had enacted a tariff law under which mon
opolies were curbed and unexampled pros
perity attained; a banking law taking the
money control out of the hands of an oli
garchy and making panics no longer possi
ble; and many reform measures of lesser
Importance.
He decuared President Wilson's Mexican
policy a ml his course In protect i rig A meri
can rights against the encroachments of
Kuropt-an belligerents has shown all the
world 1 hat the President "neither bullies
the weak nor fears tho strong."
Mr. James suid:
Mr. Chiiirmari, Fellow Democrats, Indies
nnd (ientlernen: I greet my Democratic
brethren of the ltepublie, the representa
tives of a proud, victorious nnd uneonquer
able Democracy a Democracy whose life,
achievements and history challenge the
admiration of t lie world. We cheerfully
meet face to face the public we have not
betrayed to point with delight to a match
less record of promises we have kept.
During three years of its nation-il con
trol Democracy lias enacted Into law more
progressive remedial legislation than the
Nation has ever had written upon its sta
tute books since its birth. In former na
tional contests In the last two decades our
party came as a prophet. We could o?ily
point out wrongs nnd promise remedies;
but todiiy we come with deeds, not words;
with performance, not promise. Our deeds
In the Nation have been greater than our
words upon the hustings; our performance
as the lawmaker greater than our promise
as the campaigner. In other words, the
1 cmoc ratic party has kept its word with
the American people. We have made good.
We have by our conduct of the affairs of
this Nation deserved the renewed confidence
of Its people by proving worthy of the
conndeme once bestowed.
The Democratic party rejoice! that under
this administration for the tirst time since
the 1'ivil War, it was enabled to -und the
(Constitution of the lnited States in the In
teresl of good government it ml the masse'
of the people. We .i red the Senate from
the control of the 'eat interests by mak
ing It elective by the people t the polls.
We wrote into the fonstitution itself an
amendment susceptible of no dispute that
wealth ih on Id bear its proper burden of
the taxation necessary to run the govern
ment efficiently, economically and honestly.
T1IK LOItRV.
President Wilson drove invisible govern -ment
out of Waslrfngton and uncovered
the mightiest lobhj that ever ramified a
republic or had its 'Vndexvous In its capi
tal. He drove tbr lobbyist out; be turned
the American pet pi I In.
raja Jrr A
liS J pi M "J
til
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tit
3 V av'v '
United State Senator Ollie James, of Kentucky,
TIIK TAK1FF.
The Democratic party undertook to enact
a new tariff law in keeping with the his
toric principles of the Democratic party
and Justice to all the people. The Demo
cratic party believes that that righ - tax
ation can only exist for the purpose of
raising sutlicient revenue to run the gov
ernment. Taxation never did Justly exit
and never will in a free government for the
purpose of enriching one clans at the ex
pense of all the rest of the people. We
undertook the reformation of the tarifT
with open minds arid clean hands, un
owned, unpledged to any interest except
that of the public welfare, and we are
proud of our achievement in writing into
law the present rnderwood-Sirnmons tariff
bill. Not a schedule in it fosters n mono-
poly: wot a rate in it protects a trust. We
made as nearly :'ree of taxation as possible
the necessities ol life, and sought to obtain
as much revenue its they would bear fiorn
the luxuries of life. One (if the grew test
features of this law is the income tax.
which raise? from the fortunes of the rich,
the prosperous, the well-to-do people of
t he nation 1 20.000.000 per annum, and
lifts this burden off the tables and backs
of the poor. To my mind, no law is more
Ju;it than that of an income tax. Those
th.it prosper under the government ought
to be willing to pay taxes to perpetuate it.
lit is a tux t hat forecloses no mortgages.
i forces no sales. It Is collected only where
(riches abound and prosperity smiles. Would
! the Itepubiicmi party dare to suggest the
! repeal of this part of the tariff law? Will
jlhey be specific iu their objections to this
(legislation? What schedule would they re
( pea IV What rate would they increase?
Would they substitute the Dingley rate or
'the I'ayne-Aldrich rate? If they were given
control again, would they re-enact the tariff
; law that the Democratic party repealed, a
bill that was repudiated by the Jtepubli
jcan party itself at the polls?
Who is it. anyhow, that desires really
the repeal of the present law, made by
honet men for an honest purpose, that of
'raising revi-nue stiflicient to defray the ex
penses of the government, and substitute
1 i" its st(id the lobby-made, monopolv-
breeding. trust-creating. millionaire-pro-Iducing
Payne-Aldrich bill? Our Kepubli.
I can friends told us when we enacted this
bill into law that It would close the. fac
tories, iill the streets with idle men, pro
duce a punic, create soup houses, and dis
tress would reign everywhere; but we re
joice today to point to an unexampled
prosperity in the nation, with labor more
generally employed, at higher mtes short
er hours, and better conditions than ever
before. Our Republican friends tell us
that after the war is over that poor
stricken, prostrate, torn, bleedin Europe
will take our home market from hr- th-t
'this young, virile Republic, with 100,000.000
freemen, that has fcone out to trike the for
eign markets of the world, must tremble,
in great fear lest these wartorn conn tries
with millions of their men tho flower and
strength of their manhood buried in tho
trenches, with their factories destroyed,
their country laid waste, their charred ami
blood-soaked land filled with widows and
orphans and crippled men, and upon them
the heaVcst debt of all ages, will come here
to this happy land, uncursed by war's rav
ages or its burden of debt, and tako our
home market from us. No, gentlemen; I
have no such fear; America is going to
take the markets of the world; we are go
ing to meet our competitors in the other
markets of the earth and take them, and
this great people 1. i fears no competitor
at home that we are willing to meet away
from home. With the freight rate and
cost of transportation in our fnvor hern,
we certainly have nothing to fear when we
are meeting them where the freight rate
and transportation and many times ad
verse tariiTs are in their favor. Hut we
shall cut from them their last hope of
having even a false issue, for we -shall pass
a bill creating a tariff board to gather the
facts created by the new war conditions
that may exist after peace is declared, and
upon these othcial facts, obtained by men
not intcr-sied in enriching themselves by
yxing others, and with this gathered in
formation be ready to meet every new
condition which may arise.
FKDKKAfj KFSKUVF. I,AV.
Would our Republican opponents repeal
the present federal reserve ' w that eman
cipated the credit of a nation; that mado
the credit of the country to run in life
giving currents through the avenues of
business? Under the old system a few
men could create ft panic, as the whole
nation witnessed in lit 07, when all the
world was at pence nnd enjoying unusual
prosperity. A small group of men upon
Manhattan Island precipita'ed ove night
one of the greatest panics in the history of
the nation. It toppled values, wrecked
fortunes, destroyed holdings, turned out of
employment thousands of men, and locked
the door of almost every bank in the coun
try against the depositor who called for
his own money. The Republican parly
In control for 40 years of our national life
either did not have the ability or tho
courage or the desire to remedy this brutal
system that 1 dged the money of the nation
in the control of this heartless group of
men. The Democratic pnrty took control
of this nation, and under the leadership of
Woodmw Wilson met this great problem.
W e took the money control out of tho
hands of this oligarchy; we lodged its con
trol in the hands of the government and
created the federal reserve banks of tho
country. We rested the finances of the
gre;t people of this nation upon what they
own, and not upon what they owe. The
output of the factory, the ore of the mine,
the business achievements of the people,
was the basis of the money issued under
this new system. What would have been
the result if the old Republican system hnd
been tn effect when the world s var hroka
upon us? The stock exchanges In every
city in the world were closed. F.urope
poured its vast holdings in plethargic
streams upon our shores. The cry that
went up from all the nations of the old
world was, -We want gold." Wflo thinks
that the Republican system of finance un
der the guidance of these patriotic guar
dians would have been able to withstand
this mighty cataclysm In the peace and
credit of the world? But wht was the re
sult? Not a bank closed its doors; not a
laborer was thrown out of employment;
not a business man was froced into bank
ruptcy; but there stood strong, serving tho
masses of mankind, this great legislative
achievement of the Democratic party.
Panics no longer are possible. The truth
of It Is, they have only come when the Re
publican party was !n cor.lrol of Its affair
or the laws that it n.. enacted were un
repealed upon our statute books.