t
fiCTSDITOKP CT3TC TKTBUNE, MTCDFOTtP OREO ON", WEDNESDAY,-. JUNE 10, 191,1
PXGTC THREE
f
u
A
FRANCE'S FAMED
A3 U I UNIT
BURNUPMONEY
Itcmnrknble CJuti That Slioots Ki,'lit
Miles, Automatically Swinging
Back and Forth Like a Hose Play
ing Shrapnel Instead of Water
Tremendous Cost of War.
(Copyrighted 1915 by N K. A.)
PAMS, May 26. Hero Is a battery
of thonc famous French Tun In action,
nix of them. They nro a cannon of
Ktrango and wonderful ilofllftn. In
them automatic devices havo Blip
t planted human agencies In the great
work of killing men.
A "7C" fires a pointed shell of Bteel
nnd brass about three and a half
Inches In diameter and a foot long,
filled with mclanlte, lyddite and great
bullets. At the polut Is a movable
brass cap. Turn It and you can reg
ulnte to the minutest fraction of a
second tun time of teh explosion of
that shell,
A "7C" can bo fired 20 times a
minute, but Is usually set to flro
every fifteen scrondH. After each dis
charge It automatically changes Its
nltn to right or to left uqtll it hap
fired 20 shots, when It automatically
reverses Itself for the next 20 shots
until It has returned to Its original
position. This mahcR It like a patent
gnrdon hose, automatically swinging
back and forth nnd playing shrapnel
liiHtead nf water.
Pours Shrapnel Into Cliockcrlxwril
A "75" will carry seven or eight
miles. The commander gets the range,
regulates the swing, nnd sits before
n map that Is divided Into squares
like a checker board, while he pours
Hltrupuel Into each square.
A battery of six "7Bs" attending to
business, will fire about 72 shells a
minute, or -1.100 nn hour. Knch shell
hurts In or above the trendies, scat
terlug death with Its bullets. The
Idea Is to smother the trenches with
u storm of theso terrible things.
In the battle of Neuvo Chaixilo In
one afternoon tho Ilrltlsli fired 2T.0,-
00 Oof such shells and In the entire,
operations of that week nbout 1,000,-
000.
Knelt shell costs about $1.1.
This Is tho way money Is burned
up In this war. Every German 42
centimetre shell costs about $274 to
fire. When tho Germans bombarded
Dunkirk this spring they used 1 Cinch
guns at a distance of 21 miles. Kach
explosion of each of theso guns cost
J11G0.
It Is nil very woll to say that when
warring nations pay 'separation al
lowances" to soldiers dependents and
high wages to munition mnklng work
men they merely circulate wealth
from hand to ham!. There is a dif
ferent story to toll of tho battlo line.
On tho battle line staggering sums of
money aro hourly burned up In tons
of costly explosives and every day
sees tho annihilation of wealth that
represents the labor of tolling mil
lions,
lliitMi AVustfl 10,000 lUfle a Wwk
On tho Drltlsh front nlono only
31 miles long, the wastage in soldiers'
rifles amount to 10,000 a weokj wast
age by breaking, Injury and loss. The
French lino is 543 miles long and
the Ilelglan Is 17. Suppose the
French and Delglan wastage to bo
proportionately equal to the Drltlsh
and wo havo a weekly wastage of
180,000 rifles at about $10 each.
These are hut small and random
Illustrations of tho prodigious des
truction now being wrought In every
land where tho war rages.
So far tho expenditures of tho na
tions engaged In this war amount
to about $15,000,000,000. Of this
amount about $6,000,000,000 repre
sents weulth actually destroyed, burn
ed up, or torn to pieces on the nation
al account.
lint tho estimate of the dully cost
of the war, about $50,000,000, In
clude only those expenditures on the
national account, which are but tho
beginning of tho story.
Taking together the two main bat
tle fronts, about COO, 000 Inhabitants
und other buildings of men have been
destroyed. Some towns and many vil
lages and hamlets have been obliter
ated. Knormous areas of tho most
valuable forest havo been cut down
or swept away by shell fire. Thous
ands of square miles of territory is
ruined for cultivation fo rthe noxt
two generations, because the trench
work digs up the sterile sub-soil.
Field Knitted for Cultivation
All or southern Ilelglum and north
ern France, all of Poland, much i
Hast Prusla and much of (iallelu,
aro covered with endlww net works
of these trenches.
Aaide from the list or war vwmIs
that Uae butt destroyed, a list as-
tnundluKly long when yon come to J
look at the whole of It. alniut !u,
merchant ships havo been sunk, some
or them of great value.
Tho destruction or tangible wealth
in tho San Francisco riro disarrang
ed finances for tho next two years
and created tho conditions upon
which the panic of 1907 was pulled
olf. The losses nt San Francisco, ter
rific as they seemed to be, were lit
erally trifles compared with the loss,
es already wrought In this war.
lly February 1 next tho national
debts of tho warring nations will
havo been doubled and yet these to
tall that bewilder the Imagination
will represent less than half the real
total cost, for the destruction or prop
erty will be at least as much more.
This means tangible wealth. When
we come to the losses Inflicted upon
business In all lands nnd the national
expenses sustained by tho neutral na
tions of Ktirope, ofwhlch llttlo has
been said Bald so far, tho mind
whirls in nn effort to grasp tho en
tirety or this cataclysm.
Take, ror example, little Switzer
land. What has she to do with this
war or this war to do with her? Here
nre 3,900,000 peoplo not one or whom
Is concerned In this frenzy or homi
cidal mania, and yet observe whnt It
has dono to thotn.
Little KMitKoilnnri'js Mr War lllll
From the beginning or tho war un
til last November, Switzerland was
obliged to keep on Its frontiers Its en
tire military force, ready to repel In
vasion if Germany should attempt to
carry out Its threat or annexation.
This. cost tho nation nearly $200,000
a day. From November to May this
was somewhat reduced, but tho like
lihood that Italy would enter tho war
rcnowed the danger of German Inva
sion and tho country once moro re
quired her soldiers on her boundar
ies. In May she was spending moro
than $150,000 a day on military ac
tivities In a war bIio had nothing to
do with and yet had cost her $45,
000,000. At tho same time tho tourist busi
ness, on which tho country largely
lived, had been ruined, tho great
hotols were closed, tho chler Indus
tries hard hit.
Or take Holland, n maritime coun
try with a war-paralyzed commerce,
a manufacturing country with war
paralyzed Industry. Its army Is mo
bilized and it has spent $100,000,000
lu military expenses.
Up to May 1, Italy, a nation nt
poace, had spent moro than $200,
000,000 because or tho war. On tho
peoplo or Spain, Greece, Portugal,
Sweden, Norway and Denmark heavy
burdens had fallen.
As wo have, soen In tho other
phases or tho war problem, (ho bur
den or all this disaster will fall In
tho end upon labor, which alone
creatod tho weulth thus destroyed
and nlono must pay tho bills with
its sweat and sacrifice. Upon labor
will fall tho unendurable tax bur
dens; hero again ror every hour or
this mad riot or destruction every
toller or Europe must work tho hunt
cr and fnro tho worse.
KuroiMNui IjiIxh- I'jilitiin Swejtt .vny
At tho samo time the European
tollers will bo doprlevd of their most
efficient protection. In tho last two
decades tho labor union In F.uropo
had attained tho greatest develop
ment It had ever known. Today It Is
a total wreck, smashed down In tho
general welter. After the war Is
dono, seven years will bo required
merely to create unow tho outlines
of tho destroyed organizations and
20 years to muke them effective.
Meantime, labor will bo at tho
morcy or capital while It will bear an
enormous Increaso In tho cost or liv
ing and Btagger under the almost In
conceivable dobt burdens ot tho tui
tions. It Is perfectly plain that the world
cannot proceed In this way. Twenty
or thirty million men coming home
rrom wur, expertly trained In tho
business ot battle, will not endure
theso things. Unless wo nre to plunge
Into universal chaos with an Immi
nent prospect ot nn anarchistic Jun
gle, there will have to bo u remak
ing or tho structure of civilization
on a basis of closer association and
better, understanding among the
children of men.
And it Is exactly this sign of hope
that now appears in this black siroc
co. TOKIO, June 16 According to
announcement made today by a Jap
anese agency, Jupun has sent a pro
test to China concerning the antl
Japanose movement in tho republic.
The discontent In China with the
course pursued by Japan during the
negotiations which cultiilriatrd with
China's aceeptance of Jupan's ulti
matum lust month has been manifest
ed principally by boycott, or thln
made In Jajwn. A reent dispatch
said that Drltlsh and Itiiinfan vol
unteers had dispersed an anti-Jap-
anere riot at Hankow for tholr own
protection Antl-Jajtonese agitation
lias been reported spreading through
South China
JAPAN
PROTESTS
CHINESE
BOYCOTT
UNCLE SAM'S EXPERT TELLS JUNE BRIDES HOW TO
BAKE BREAD LIKE "HIS" MOTHER USEO TO MAKE
r flnEt9HkBW9wHHKlZ I H He ilIP H ! I IT HH
IY HHIHH EMJBfHaljHil iff Si
w LiliHIiB Ilt'sIlHl Iv1 S
ijlHAk. HHB HBlHB9Hi9HrV)8HK?f W iiiH
mam gjij If V MM
.
Ciuie Siiiu'n offliinl luvjul nui ker. Ia'H, MKs llniiiiiili (sslln ivady to lal; a loaf of bread from tho
oven. Accurate leniieiitiii'e Is or prime lnioitiiiire, .she declines. Vote the .slender kIiism tliei'iuometei' on tho
own. Itlght, MKs WesslltiK vel;hliiK u( the tloiir. Ileie iignhi ncciiniry Is ite(es-iuy (o Insure Miiress, n1k de-rlni-ex,
v
(By l'reileriek M. Kerb.v.)
WASHINGTON, I). (., June 111.
"Ilrend milking is the eiiHiest tiling in
the world. No .voting bride need be
nfrnid to try, if nho will himply e.err
cise u little en re nnd eonunoii ense."
These are the words of clierr for
the youiiK housewife from Miss 1 Inii
mili Vejsiii(r, L'nelo SpinV oli'ieiiil
expert bread milker. 1 found Miss
W'esslinj; in her spotless model kiteh
en ut the bureau of chemistry, de
partment of nfiriciilluio, nnd nsked
Iter to tell the timid ImiiM-wife who
bus tried und failed lo make blend
"like his mother used to make it," the
secret of the art.
"A recipe for bread mnkintrf" alio
snid in miswer to my first iit,tiiui.
"Any Hliiiiiliinl recipe, I would much
rntlier emphnsize some other lliinjrsl
nbout bread milking, which 1 consider
more impoitniit.
''These nro two principal points lo
keep in mind in bueceHsfiil brend
milking," she eoiiliuued. "The first is
accurate measurement of ingredient,
und by inensurement, 1 menu wcik'h
iii(T of ingredients. There is nothing
the housewife should consider more
important tlimi u good pair of seales.
Thev can be purehiised very chenply,
and will often menu the diffmeuce
lie! ween good and Intil results.
The -first essential thimr ih for the
housewife lo get a recipe that slates
the ingredients in weights nnd to get
scales and weigh out her quantities
exactly.
"There should be no rule of thumb,
but necurate measurement. Anything
left to chance iueieases bv so much
the ehaiico of having had bread.
"The housekeeper should also know
the difference between hunt wheat
flour and soft wheat Hour. Ilnid
wheat Hour is gest for breaTt making.
Soft wheats make soft flour, which
is best for lastly, biscuit making and
cake.
"The i piiI seerel of good bread
innking," she continued, "is tempera
tine. The housewife ordinarily set
her spoiies to rise on the back of the
stove or on the shelf over the stove
llv exporicneo she learns the best
temperatuie. Hut ut bent thi i.
guesswork.
"Yeast, which ciiiim". the spoilt t
rise, is a micro-or"uuini which grous
best at n certain temperature. For
bread making: veast wotk bust at a
temperature of from 7'i to 11(1 degrees
Fahrenheit.
"Quick rising for bread in suninici
is best in order that oilier bacteria
shall not hne a chance lo enter ami
Many Recoveries
From Luny Trouble
UUciuun's Aller.tlliB liu nturl
to Iwullll muiiy nuiritr rmi.i iunu
UCJUblt) Kctill MliMl It On) in tin.
tunr.--
MlinhiUliMi, lirl.
"(.rullnurul lu Jnuuur), IIH.S, I
hni tsk.ru trilli lriiiurrliMK ' llf
liiiilga. Mf ilialrlHij. a Irmlliitf iiriif
lllluurr, ulil tluil II tu turn:
Iruulilr. I kiI trr trU. I .
lMilii-tt, ul l.l.Hiiniir llrimrl
mrul slurr. V i.in.iiutuii. Ilil.
rrfuiiiiiiriiilril IA hiiijiii m ltrrultit
ItiVl huu iluur icrrul ku.mI. I l.i'uaii
lMk.HK It ul uu.r. I tuul.uuril ImiiIi
full). uIiik nn ullirr irliicilj, unit
tlunll) uuli.ril ! llrHrluu ol lur
luui;.. I Hint luilr mi iruulilr u lit
ui) Iuuk. I Ii mil lirllr.r l.il.i.iuu'a
Allrrlir miiril m i.lr.' I Vi.i.ir
tinlril.l I MlliUilll Js. sltl lltt;s.
ISvkBUIII k AltVIJillVi: In mull fill
clou (a trunili.kl iMtmrli itiid
vr thru! at lun( uff-t in ami
up-bwtaliig tin- lni I'unlttiii no
tmrmritt ut hjlit rciinni ru;
Antpi no kuuatiluia Hui.ill .-
It rK4lr .is. Ii H..!. . !
Ink' 4lWBl"l V. Ill foi iKiukUl ol
f i.vr.
I., knuu I uliumlur. I'lallvilr lilil
I'rue $1 und 4-J a botiU.
tBjjSsr
grow which lliey will al a high lein
peralure. The best temperature for
raising sponge in I he home is R,"i to
8(1 degrees. Ami (lie very best way
to obtain that temperature is in u
sponge box heated and kept exactly
that temperature.
"This can be done very simply by
u small oil Intuit exactly us nn incu
bator is run, with little expense and
little trouble, and with excellent re
suits, A dairy thermometer costing
from T.'i cents to $t, kept in the
sponge closet will enable Hie house
wile to keep the temperaluie at till
all the time.
"Then comes (he (mention of baking
after the sponge is raised. For bread
making the oven ought to be I rota HID
lo l.'i degrees Fahrenheit. The ex
perienced lioiisi-lvci-per knows when
smmtmmmmmmHmMHwmimffimmn?maanssjgwvari&Jtia.t .-. ,.-w.k..i ',-,,,
"When Good Fellows Get Together"
You will find fresh-rolled cigarettco of deliciously mellow "Bull"
Durham in evidence at banquets, club smokers and other social
gatherings of men of wealth, prominence and experienced lastes.
in the fragrant smoke of this mild, delightful tobacco formality gives
way lo congenial good-fellowship. It you would 'be fashionable,
expert in the company of connoisseurs, you "roll your own" and
your tobacco is "Bull" Durham.
Bull Durham i
SMOKING TOBACCO 1
To millions of experienced smokers there is no other tobacco
fragrance comparable to the wonderful, unique, mellow-sweet flavor
of "Bull" Durham no other cigarettes so fresh, tasty and satisfying
as those they roll lor themselves with this
golden-brown, bright Virginia-North Carolina
tobacco.
Roll a "Bull" Durham cigarette today
you will experience a distinctive form of to
bacco enjoyment.
FREE
age of cigarette papers, will both bo mailed, free,
to any address in U. S. on request. Address "Bull"
Durham, Durham, N, C.
THE AMERICAN TOUACCO COMPANY
her oven is right, hut the young
housekeeper laces a difficult prob
lem, "liver" oven ought to be innuiifae-
l ii red with an oven thermometer, niiilj
if cook books would include in their
recipes tho temperatures of ovens,
housewives would soon begin lo lo
iiiiukI oven thermometers und the
muuufacturors would begin to install
(hem.
"In the meantime a chemical ther
mometer, stuck throuuh a large
round cork, und inserted in u hole an
inch in diameter in the top of Hid
oven, leaving the Ihermometei' expos
ed above the oyeu for reading, is an
excellent plan. Or a small thermom
eter, sealed up to ." 1 1 0 degrees, stand
ing on a little easel, can be obtained
lor ns little as .-rl,.r().
GENUINE
An Illustrated Booklet, show
ing correct way to "Roll Your
Own" Cioarettes. and n naclc-
RUSSIAN GRAND
DUKE CONSTANT!
DEADATPETROGRAD
PI2TIIOODAD. June lC-Ornndi
Duke Constantino Constantlnovltch,
jirosldent of tho, Imperial academy of
sciences, and bond or the department
or military schools, died last night ot
heart disease at tho nge or 57 years.
Ho was a member of tho reigning
family nnd his heir Is Prince Jean
Constantlnovltch.
Grand Duke Constantlnovltch, who
wits u general of Infantry, was ono
of tho commanding figures of tho
Itusstnn nobility. He had not been
exempt front revolutionary plots, tor;
nn attempt was maile in I'JOi to blow
tip tho train on which ho was a pas
senger. Ho was severely arraigned
with other grand dukes In 190S lor
attempting to infltienco tho actions
or the iltimn.
The grand duke was always deeply
Interested In tho sciences, art and lit
erature In 1909 ho staged u play,
'Tho Hrldo or Messlnn," beforo Em
poror Nicholas and the Imperial fam
ily. Ho married in 18SI Princess Eliza
beth ot Saxu-Altenhurg.
LT
ASHliANM), June 10. - In nddltlon
to elecilng a director ror the local
school district, Juno 212, IrceholderH
will nlso pass upon tho expediency of
purchasing n parcel or land at tho In
tersection or Iowa street nnd tho
Doulevard, If tho cost of tho tract
does not exceed $2000. This project
Implies tho erection of a building
specifically suitable ror manual train
ing purposes. Tho site Is nn eligible
ono and tho plan would afford n
most valuable adjunct to tho already
valuable properties owned by tho
ehool district. Some have suggested,
however, tho advisability of erecting
Hiioh building on tho present high
huhool groundH which nre extensive
ns to area and available as to location.
O. F. Carson Is tho director whoso
,.wiwa
n
V
Aih for FREE rathagmof
patHf 11 In atnc dr
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WOMAN COULD
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