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Inventions and Appliances
Health and Sanitation
HOME ANI) FARM MAGAZINE SEOTION
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NBW MILIUNO MACHINE.
ANKW milking machine, significant
ly ci.II.hI "Mantis" (tlio linn.l),
linn recently been successfully
trloil out In rlwcden ami li now In uso
en lovornl dnlry farm. As mny bo
seen In tlio Illustration, (lm apparatus
really doe bear conic resflmhlanco to
liiiiul, and tlio machine, working on
tho pressure principle, docs 1U work lu
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THE UEE8AW THICK.
TW IB Is not exactly a now discovery,
hut tlioro nro ninny who hnvo
novor mado tho Interesting cxperl
mont. Take two henlod plnn ami stick
them Into tlio center of n candle at
right angle to tlio wink, wlilh should
bo In ft expoiicd nt both etuis, Tlion rent
tlin plnn on tho edges of two glasses
anil trim tlio eandlo to hnlanco.
Light tlin wlekM Light tho wlekK,
nml beyond tlm flume nl onch end by
means of n jilcco of wlro fasten two
littln figure with their JoInU hinged.
Now hi tho candle begin to melt, a
drop of grease will fall from ono ond,
anil that ami nf tho ennillo will riso a
littln oliuvn tho other. Then n ilrop will
fall from the opixitlto end nml a gentlo
I oHcllltttlon wilt begin, which gradually
increases In speed until tlio littlo
figure nt the cml will perform tho
mo!it surprising antic at their gnmo of
SCl-snW.
a slmilnr manner to hand milking. Tho
four finger nro operated liy gears and
rams which give them in pairs an alter
nating motion, forward nml back, and
they are alxi jointed to give, them an
up ami-down motion to exert prcsiure
on thn udder, regulated by adjustable
spring. The apparatus U fastened to
tho cow by two belts, nml power is
transmitted to It by u flexible shaft
through n friction dink, driven by u
lino shaft along the stalls.
MOTOUOYOLE 8HIELD.
TlIK combination wind shield and
mud guard for motorcyclists Is n
recent Intention which promises to
bo Kipular with cyclists who travel lu
all kinds of weather, and mall carriers,
delivery men, etc, who wnnt to go
about regnrdless of rain or mow. The
shield, which is In tho shape of n "V,"
is adjustable, making It possiblo to
get tho minimum amount of usa from
liio iinvice regardless oi wnicn way me
wind Is binning. At the saino tlmo it
protects the leg of the driver from
weather both overhead and under tire,
keeping off ruin nml mud splashes.
NEW WAY TO BINO 0IIXME8.
TlIK OHKAT 111X1.8 in the church
towers nro now being rung by elec
tricity, a device having been in
vented by menns of which tho press
ing of n button in tho sacristy starts
the chimes, Tho bells continue to ring
until stopped by tho pressure nf a see
ond button.
For more than two years, says a
New York writer, Mr. Itohi'chung, the
Inventor of the device, has been work
ing on the model of this Invention.
The Idea was first suggested by thn
rector of tho Holy lU'dcemcr Church,
who Is regarded as an expert in applied
science.
Tho five bells weigh almost six tons.
Tho Inventor first tried the experiment
of ringing u boll wulghiug from SO to
30 pounds.
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A OREENCORN HOLDER.
KAT and attractive green-corn
holders for tnble uit can bo mnde
of small-sized gln drawer knobs,
having a bolt 1 inch In length. The
bolt head Is cut off with n hacksaw,
and Its body is filed to mnkn four
sides running to u taper, leaving
USE CEMENT IN HETTINO I'OSTH.
WOODKN I'OSTH of any kind, If set
In tho ordinary way," nro inclined
to work loose, ami sometime bo
gin to rot in h short time, lloth these
troubles can bo nvoided If cement is
used lu tln'lr setting.
Mnkn tho holo as for un ordinary
setting, but Inslend nf filling lu with
tho dirt, pour soft cement around the
post until the holo is full. This makes
a firmer setting for tho post, and Is
protection nguintt rotting.
I I i n lii i i i I
OAM1 BTOVE8.
Tilt: CAM I' .stove Illustrated arc
different forms of tho snmo idea.
Doth can bo taken apart nml laid
flat for packing, Iron rods, inch .in
diameter, nro used for tho legs. They
aro sharpened at tho lower end so Mint
thoy may bo vastly driven Into tho
ground. Tho rodn of tho ono shown In
tho frst illustrutlou nro bent in tho
form of a hook at the upper ond, ami
two pieces of light tiro Iron, with holes
Tho Otasa Knobs Make a Clean and
Sanitary Holder for tho Ear of Cora,
enough threads to secure it lu tho l.uiib.
Tho threads nro smeared with white
lend, then it Is screwed Into tho knob
nml sufficient tlmo allowed for the
Irnd to sot before using It.
A pair of kuobs aro required for
each ear of com served. Tho square
bolt ond will hold tho ear securely
whilo tho kernuls nro eaten from tho
cob,
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Gamp-Stove Top, Either, Solid "or
Pierced, SuporUd on Rods at the
Coram.
in either ond, are hung on Mirso hooks.
Across theso supports nro laid other
pieces of tho tiro iron. In tho othor
tovo, tho rods have a large head and
aro slipped through hole In tho four
corners of tho ploeo of heavy sheet
Iron used for tho top. A cotter Is
slipped through a holo lu eaeh rod just
below tho top, to hold tho latter la
iluce.
TO ItEMOVE MOULD.
IIKN DAMl'NKSS In n cellar or
basement become objectlonnblo it
may bo remnveii uy nnnyurous
calcium chloride. Ono pound of tho salt
Is sufficient for u largo cellar. It may
bo placed In old tin cans. Tho mols.
turo absorbed from the nlr collects In
the cnnii. This, however, I not poured
nway, but Is ovapornted on a strong
firo, and mny bo used again.
Unslacked llmo it best suited to ex
trrmlnato mould. It la blown, In tho
shano of a fino powder, Into the crov-
ices and on tho walls, which must bo
damp.
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"RATTLE" TO FOOL SOLDIERS.
AMAOHINi: has been invented for
Imitating tho noiio of nu oero
piano engine, with the object of
alarming hostile troops. Tho Servian
and Montenegrin soldlors used a rattle
during tho liulkan war to imltnto urn
chlno gun fire.
Mildew on article of clothing nmy
bo removed by soaking tho articei in
butUrmUk.
8TOREUOOM IN THE HOME.
TUH HTOKKIiOOM for food may be
tho tiny closet of tho flat dweller
in a city or tho cellar of tho vll
lago or farm houso. In the last ease
It ofton has a commercial sji well an
a household value, slnco it keeps fruits
ami vegetables in good condition un
til markoted, as well as ontll thoy aro
ueodod for tho home table; but In any
easo, it should bo dry, clean and regu
larly aired. It may bo well to de
scribe a collar that is badly built and
carelessly kept, In order to m what
should be exactly opposite conditions.
A DUeaso-Jlroeding Cellar.
Bach a collar may bo dug in wet
ground, without sufficient drainago of
tho subsoil; it may .even be in contact
with open rewcrs or drains which havo
been proveti in certain cases to con
tain specific organisms capable of pro
ducing disease. In many coses tho cel
lar built against an earth wall is not
protected from dampness by a layer
of moisture-proof cement, and the wa
ter may stand in drop on its surface.
Again, it mny bo dug to such an ex
tent below tho surfaeo of tho ground
lliat the windows nro wholly inado
quato for lighting and ventilation.
It may havo an earthon floor, or ono
of badly matched board Impossible to
keep clean. It will probably have a
musty odor, proof positivo that mold
plants nro thero mid ready to attack
any fruit and vogotnblcs stored on
Its shelves or in its dirty bins. If, in
addition to this faulty construction, the
cellar Is badly kept, bits of rotting
fruit and vegetables being left about,
not only will theso conditions favor tho
spoiling of food, but they may prove
injurious to tho health of tbo family
living abovo stairs.
A Cellar for Htaltfa.
A cellar thnt meets modern require
ments mutt bo dug in ground that is
woll-drainod, cither naturally or by
artificial means. It must bo remem
bered that a cellar Is not, first of all,
a storeroom. It is nn essential part
of a well-planned house, especially
necessary in our northern stntes, in
j helping to keep an equable tcropora-
turc, and if its walls ami floors are
what they should 1ki It prevents damp
ness and ground nlr from rising into
tho honse.
I If thn houso is set cloin to tho
ground the cellar windows must bo
wide enough to couiensatc for their
1nilf tt li.tlitlit ntiil tnitat i M. nlinn.
il.k .klft aIIiai ! iiBiliik 6a lamaatbdk iIiia.I
imiit I'MCII uimr lit UIMUi ill mituiv muu
draft. A method that is sometimes
used is to dig out it spaco in front of a
window, making n littlo area which,
Inid in either brick or stone, may bo
whitewashed and reflect light into tho
cellar; it also allows of sinking tho
cellar windows deeper nud obtaining
better ventilation.
Cemeut and Whitewash Necessary.
Tho walls nml floors of tho cellar
should bo constructed of cement to
keep out moisture, mid the wnlls and
ceilings should bo whitewashed twlco a
year. Kven If a cellar Is kept very
clean, the on r thy smell of vegetnbles
that arises from It when it is well
stocked is not agreeable another rea
son for good ventilation and frequent
ulring. A separate room may tic par
titioned off from tho cellar in ono
corner for storage purposes.
This cuu then bo kept darker than
one would wish to keep tho rest of tho
collnr. Such n room must, -of course,
bo nlrod now and then. In this storage
room should bo plaocd a movable safe
with wlro netting sides and a swinging
shelf; and broad shclvos should be
built high enough so that barrels may
bo stored under them.
Tiles for Floor and Walla.
Tho writer onco saw in Holland a
collar that met every possiblo require
ment of hygiene. The flocra and side
walls were of closely matched tiles laid
in cement, tuaking it aa tight as a dish
and aa easily clenned. It was not largo,
but its wall spaco was so utilised that
it furnished nmplo storngo facilities for
n large restaurant.
aeterizo tho outdoor rural Ilfo, yot
through Ignornncn or Indifference the
home and Ilfo on tho (arm may bo quibf
tho opposito of healthful.
As a rule, littlo or no attention if
given to tho ventilation of tho homo.
Tho foul air, stagnant with every va.
rioty of dlseaso germ, is breathed and
rebrcathod, and if by chanco a window
remain open, It is hastily closed for
fear tbo inmates mny "catch cold."
This Is especially truo during tho winter
season. In summer tho humidity of tbo
atmosphcro will readily eauso doors and
windows to remain wido open. A good
ventilating system is vety essential to
tho health of tho farmer and his family,
especially tho wifo and daughters, who
aro deprived of tho healthful outdoor
work of tho mcu and boys. If thero is
a fireplneo in tho homo, it should not
bo closed, as tho foul air of tbo room
will escape through this opening. Pro
vision should also bo mndo for tho cn
tranco of fresh air. Tho bedroom should
rccclvo special attention in ventilation.
Another, and n tiry great enemy of
health, is personal uncleanliness. Tho
mistaken idea exists among somo farm
ers that neatness mid cleanliness give,
thorn too much of a "city air. There
aro persons living today who havo not
taken a bath slnco they discarded tbo
garment of Infnney. Tho faec and
hands of this clasa aro tho only parts
of tho body that nro suffered to coma
In contact with soap and water, and tho
face at least only on rare occasions.
Soiled clothes aro worn without change
till nothing but tho patlcut skill and
needlo of tho mother or wifo will savo
them from tho ragman's eart.
If there is anyone that needs a balfc
at least onco a 'lay, and especially in
summer (nnd we all do), It h tho farm
cr. Ho works out In tho hot sun all
day, jicrspireb freely, and the dust, of
tho fields clings to his moist clothes;
but It does not stop there It ponetratos
to tho skin nnd tiog up tho millions of
tiny jKires of tho body, causing dis
eases. Some people cannot afford aa
elnborato system of bath fixtures, but
nn ordinary hand-basin will fill tho re
quirements of a bath tub if necessary.
"Cleanliness Is next to Godliness."
It Is strange that a man upon whom
all the nation depends for its food
supply should consent to "stuff" his
stomach with such indigestlblo mntto
a somo furmcrs cat. I'robably tho most
conspicuous of this class aro fried ham,
fried potatoes nnd egg prepared In like
manner. Theso form very appearing
dishes, nnd nro all right in their way
n long as they don't find an egrysa
into tho stomach. Why not substitute
fruit, vegetables nud tho like rota
toes and eggs, when properly prepared,,
nro very nourishing, but frying renders
food unwholesome and is even less eco
nomical than boiling or stewing. Why
not keep somo of tho milk that is sont
to tho creamery. It can nlro bo con
verted Into butter nnd cheese. If tlio
food wo tnko Into our bodies is un-
healthful, can wo expect to bo healthy!
Of exercise, littlo need bo said for
most farmers havo more than necessary.
A enreful observaneo of tho laws of
nature will decrease tho doctor bill, pro
vide us with health and happiness and
eventually may servo to plnnt within
tho hearts of our boys nnd girls a great
er lovo for tho healthful Ilfo of the,
farm as compared to that of tho city.
HEALTH OF THE FARM.
MKDIOAL MEN tell us thnt to farm
is tho healthiest abode of mau.
They base their assertions chiefly
ou the jHiro air and exerelso that chur-
TAN AN EVIDENCE OF HEALTH.
TUK TANNED faco Is an indication
of health. If ouo has failed to
acquire this brown after having
spent his vacation iu tho open air, ex
posed to tho sun aud wind, then there
is something wrong with tho health
Tho dark pigmentation in tho skin is
tho result of the sun burning tho
hemoglobin, or red blood stuff, out of
tho tissuo units ana depositing mom is
tho upper lnyors of tbo skin. The
depth of browu that may bo acquired
is tho measure of one's vitality, and
a failure to acquire a good color is
proof that ono should look to his
health. During tho presont tummer va
cation HciiBon, just keep this iu mind,
and noto what tho index tells re
garding your physical condition, ,
To frcshon lemons which have be
come burdened, soak them for a short
tiuio iu hot water.
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