"
niiiM
University m
Medford Mail Tribune
CLEARINGS
BANK CX.EABXNQ8
$28,782.51.
WEATHER
r.ilr Bar. 29.7S, Max. 89, Mln.
40.8, Menu C3.
Forty-Flrst Year.
Dally Sixth Year.
A1EDFOUD, OK ISO ON, TUESDAY, APRIL 25, 1911.
No. 29
DETECTIVE W. J. BURNS IS FUGITIVE
JETECTIVE HAS
SIGHT IN EM
Is Evading Warants Sworn Out By
Labor Leaders on Charges of Hav
ing Kidnapped John J. McNamara
Only One Leaves No Trace.
CONSTABLES ARE ON HIS
TRAIL BUT ARE BAFFLED
Succeed Only in Arresting One of His
Men Walter Deen and Attorney
Ford However Are Held in Jail
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., April 2C
Evading warrants sworn out by labor
leaders hero for his arrest on charges
of having kidnapped John J. McNamara,
secretnry of tho Structural Iron Work
ers, William J. Uurns vanished today
from this city and has left no trace.
Constables with tho warrants for Hums'
and his aides arc on tho trail of tho
detective hut HO far have succeeded on
ly In arresting J. A, Rudorf, ono of tho
Iturns operatives, who was captured at
noon.
Arraigned on the same charge, Wal
ter 'Drew, president of the National
Krectors' association, and W, J. Ford,
assistant district attorney of Los An
geles, wero held by Justice Manning in
$10,000 ball for tho grand Jury. Frank
j ox, tho chauefeur who drove McNamara
uway when he was taken prisoner, was
hound over In $G,000 bond.
All went to Jail, pending their secur
ing bail.
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., April 25. Tlio
urresl of Defective Hums on the charge
of kidnapping John .1. McNamara and
causing his removal to Lot Angeles Is
expected hero today, Burns arrived at
2:30 this morning from Toledo.
It has been intended that Uurns
should bo arrested last night. lie was
expected to arrive In the city at 10 o'
clock and constables waited nt tho depot
for liltn, but they abandoned their vigil
nt midnight. Later, however. Hums, nc
companled by J. A. Ilalorf, representing
the Erectors' association, arrived, hut
the officers had left. '
Ford Arretted.
First of tho blows struck by the union
leaders hero In retaliation for the al
leged kidnapping of McNamara has been
the arrest of W. J. Ford, assistant pro
secuting attorney of Los Angeles, Wal
ter Drew, president of the Krectors' as
hoclutlon, and F, P. Fox, the chauffeur
who drove tlio taxlcab in which Nainara
was whisked to tlio station hero after
his arrest on tlio dynamiting charge. To
day all threo are nt liberty on bonds of
$G,000 each, which were given by W. A.
Ketcham, of the Rrown-Ketchnm Iron
works of this city.
Tho warrants for tlio arrest of Ford,
Drew and Fox, as well as those under
which nurim and his detectives aro ox-
pooled to be arrested were sworn out by
John Weugan, a local labor leader, who
acted for tho executive board of the In
ternatloinal Association of Bridge and
Structural Iron Worktjrs.
Says Arrest Ridiculous.
Ford declared his nrrest was utterly
ridiculous.
"I am not a pollen officer," ho said,
"and had no part In taking McNamara.
My arrest will amount to nothing. It
may ho a different mutter for Detective
Uurns, but I think he will bo able to
defend his action, I am hero simply to
see what Is going on and to gather in
formation for use in Los Angelos when
the trial of the three iiijn begins."
"When Jan. W. McNamara readies
Los Angeles," lie said, "ho will bo Iden
tified as tho J. II. llryco who bought
dynamite at Olant, Cul., and whom wo
liavo traced positively as ono of tho
Los Angeles dynamiters. The Identifi
cation of llryco will bo positive and ab
solute. Further than that, there wero
two sticks of dynamite found unoxplod
ed under the Times building. Theso
sticks came from tho Olant works and
have been Identified as Uryce's pur
chases. "McManlgal Is not wanted In connec
tion with the Times explosion, but for
the dynamiting of the Llewellyn Iron
Works In Los Angeles at u later date."
Burnt Claims He Has 1'roof.
Burns declaroB he has positive proof
that llryco (JumeH McNamara). David
Caplon and M. A. (Cocky) Schmidt were
responsible for the Times disaster, and
that John J. MoNomara paid James for
the Job. He said that Caplan and
Schmidt were simply anarchists unuf-;
Malted with the Structural Iron Work-
crs. who holped at the Job.
Burns thinks MoJIanlgal worked alone
on the Llewyln Job. but that John J.
Nainara furnished the money.
Chrlsuolm Trial In July.
n
DROPPED FROM
SANTA ROSA. Col. April 2J.. Tho considerable activity today and the ac
trtal of Dr L. C Ghlsholm on the ohargeitual work of framing his oase Is well
of having murdored John D. Powell has
l-en st for July It. Chlsholm pleaded
pot guilty when arraigned before Judge
s-uwll at his preliminary hearing The
prison. r still refuses to discuss his case bile club, was killed last night In an au
wtth any one and holds himself aloof tomoblle incident near Albany, Pal. No
fruin Ins fellow prisoners d. ulls are ?t obtainable
4- -HI tt -f -HH t 4 tt t
HOW MoNAMARA MXQKT HE TBSDD
Labor lender) wlio ore fighting tlio nrrrst Of Jolin J. MoNamarn. see-rotary-treasurer
of tlio Iron Workers union, charged with alluded com
plicity In IJio Los Angeles Times cnthrophc, have considered nn offort
to secure his freedom liy ft writ of habeas corpus. Such ft writ mlKht
he Issued, attorneys sny, hy any court through whose Jurisdiction Mc
Namara passes. It could be secured hy any friend of the accused In any
such court The writ would he hased on the fact thnt MoNnmnrii was be
ing deprived of his liberty without due pmccss of law.
A sufficient answer to such ft writ would he the papers In the case. If
proper Indictment, requisition hy tlio governor of California on the gov
ernor of Indiana, endorsement of the requisition hy the latter and war
rant for the arrest of the accused, endorsed by an Indiana magistrate
having Jurisdiction, can bo shown, the writ would lie non-effective. If,
however. Is could he shown that the papers contained some defect the.
write would he effective and tho accused would have to he released.
The question of denial of counsel to McNamara before the police Judge
of Indianapolis could not enter Into 11 haheaH corpus writ Issued in any
court enroute. It would liavo to be setthd hy the county courts of
Marlon county, Indiana, that the law entitled the accused to counsel,
that liv asked for counsel, that the request was denied by the pollen
J u rice.
M N A 6
RUSHED WEST
Will Probably Be Brought to Los
Angeles Without Change Little
Chance of Freeing Them on Writ
of Habeas Corpus.
DENVER. Col.. April 25. That John
J. McNamara, James W. McNamara, his
brother, and Ortle McManlgal, arrested
at tho Instance of tho Burns agency for
alleged complicity In dynamiting plots,
Including tho alleged dynamiting of the
Los Angeles Times will go through to
Los Angeles without chango from the
train on which they ure now prisoners
, was the general belief of railroad offi
cials hero today. The" men, closely guard
ed In compartments of a Pullman sleep
er on the California Limited on tho San
ta Fo road, passed La Junta early today.
John J. McNamara, who was rushed
from Indianapolis In an nutomoblle, plne
ed aboard a St. Louis truin, where ha
was transferred again to tho Missouri
Pacific, was landed aboard tho Santa
Fe train on which his brother nnd Mc
Manlgal wero passengers, at Great Bend,
Kan. Ho was taken off tho Missouri
Pacific train nt Holslugton, Kan., ami
taken in nu automobile to Great Bend,
where ft compartment on the California
Limited had been reserved for 111 tn.
On Fastost Train.
The Santa Fe train on whle.h the threo
men aro now riding carries them by tho
most direct route from La Junta to Los
Angeles and they aro on the fastest
trnin on tho line. v.
Slnco It Is reasonably certain that
taking the men from tho train could not
he accomplished without tho knowledge
of newspaper men nnd nny attempt to
transfer them to another trnln must ho
known boforo tho detectives had gone
far with their prisoners, It is bolloved
tho Burns detectives who aro planning
tho trip to Los Angeles bellovo that
they have as good a chance of getting
through to Los Angeles on tho trnin
they aro now on as they would If they,
attempted to doublo again. Tlio fact
that tho time of their arrival Is known
will make little difference in their plans.
The men know that a habeas corpus writ
Is tho only possible chanco of freeing
the prlsonors before they reach Los An
geles and It Is believed llkoly now that
no effoit to sorvo such a writ will bo
made. In fact it is thought there would
lie little chanco of serving ft writ at all,
and If It wero done. It Is probable that
only In tlio case of John J. McNamara
would tho courts Issue such a writ.
Will Be Buihed Through.
The detectivos think the papers they
have would be sufficient answer to any
such writ and If tho extradition of Mc
Namara is to bo fought at nil, the action
must ho tnkon In tho Marlon county.
Indiana, courts. For those reasons, both
deetctlvos and rullroud men say, It Is
highly probablo that tho prlsonors will
be rushed to Los Angeles without fur
thor chango, and if there Is any secrecy
concerning their arrival In Los Angoles
It will come when tho train nears tho
California city, when tho prlsonors may
bo takon out and tho final stago of the
trip mado In automobiles.
Planning for Beceptlon.
LOS ANGELES, Col., April 25. While
Jas. W. .McNamara, his brother John J.
McNamura and Ortlo E MacMontgal, al
leged dynaniltors, two of whom ore ac
cused of wrecking tho Los Angeles Times
plant, are speeding west ward In tho
custody of deleotlves. preparations were
being made hero today for their recep
tion on their arrival.
Whether the men will be housed tn the
city prison, at tho county Jall or In a
speolal place of detention fitted up for
lti.la onl. niummml.illnn tin M nAt liaf.fi
....,. ,,,.,,, nu,of nt inl.0 w-ii.
., WB B0m,uled to hold a oonfer-
rnce with District Attorney Fredericks
... - , ...u.nv, ,,,, .,. Iln,i
Mc-other maUerH w, be discussed. The
dlstrlot attorney's offloe will luive sole
charge of tho proseoutlon of the sus
peoted trio. Fredericks' force showed
under way.
OAKLAND. Cal. April St. C. W. Mot-
tern, seoretary of the Oakland Automo
MRS. INGERSOLL
RUSHING SOUTH
On Her Way to Los Angeles to Iden
tify "Bryce" On -Which the Case
Built Up by Burns Depends in a
Great Degree.
BAN FRANCISCO, April 2G. Mrs. D.
IT. Ingersoll today 1 speeding towiml
Los Anggles to assist In tlio Identifica
tion of tho prisoners arrested by Dotec
tlvo William J. Burns in connection with
tho dynamiting of tho Los Angeles Times
building. Burns contends that James W,
McNamara assumed tho namo of J. B.
Bryce while in California and under that
name lived for ten days nt a boarding
houso conducted by Mrs. Ingersoll In
San Francisco. Tho police say that
tho connection between llryco and tho
purchase of the dynamite at Olant, Cnl.,
lias beon established and It now remnlns
for Mrs, Ingersoll to Identify MoNamnrn
ns tho man known to her as Bryce.
To Identify Companion.
Anton Johnnnsen went on tho same
train with Airs. Ingersoll to establish
tho Identity of "Cocky" Schmidt, tho
one-oyed companion of llryco.
Tlio Identification of JamoH W. Jic-
Naninrn as J. B. Bryce Is the keystone
In the case that Detective Bums is
building up. Burns depends on Mrs. In
gersoll to Identify McNnmnrn as Bryce.
Should she fall to do so, the rase against
the younger McNamara would bo con
siderably weakened from the standpoint
of tho prosecution.
Mrs. Ingersoll says tliat shu is not
certain hIio can recognize Bryco, oven
though she should seo aud talk with him.
"A man changes considerably in six
months," said Mrs. Ingersoll boforo sho
left for os Angeles. "1 liavo not seen
Bryce slnco tho Times explosion nnd 1
could not Identify him unless I wero
perfectly sure that tlio iiiuu under ar
rest Is Bryce."
Chief of Police Seymour pointed out
tho Importance of Mrs. Ingersoll's Iden
tification.
Saw Htm for Ten Days.
"Supposo that the men at Olant and
the owners of the launch should be aide
to Identify McNamara as llryco," said
Seymour. "Tiioy saw him only for a
few inlnutoa and their testimony would
not bo strong. Mrs. Ingersoll saw Bryco
for ten days, She should know him.
JloRt assure dthat If they liavo Bryco
they have the man who was tho direct
ing agent of tlio actual dynamiting One
fact aldne would prove that. When
llryco arrived In San Francisco from
..os AngoloH Immediately after the dy
namiting ho checked two suitcases. Ono
of these contained clockwork and ex
plosives. Tho other held Home clothing
and two San Fianelsco newspapers
ono a morning and the other nu after
noon edition. Bryce dared not carry themj
Here's Papa Dam, Mrs. Dam and
The wiroL.Ei ixajm eamilv
Here Is the whole Dam family Ints ct. Thirteen Dsuis In all, they arrived t n
terdsm. The Dam family Is en route to the West. Every member of the Dam family Is the picture of health and tho
uacky little Dams with Mr. aud Mrs. D am make up a Dam fine collection.
'ODD FELLOWS '
PEAN BIG DAY
Will Dedicate Temple and Observe
92nd Anniversary of the Order To-1
morrow Big Preparations Have'
Been Made for the Day.
PUBLIC INVITED TO
ATTEND THE EXCERCISES
Big Parade Will Be Held in Afternoon.
Delegates From Other Cities
I Expected.
The local lodge of the Independent
Order of Odd Follows of America, will
dedicate their new tenyile amid celehinlo
tho 9Sd anniversary of the order Wed
nesday, April 2C, In this city, and n large
attendance Is looked for. The dedica
tion ceremonies of the new I. O, O. F
building nt tlio corner of Sixth nnd Hol
ly streets will also be held at this anme
and In honor of tlio Joint exercises a
splendid program has been picpatod.
Delegates from till the large cities are
expected nnd prominent speakers will
deliver addresses. Tho nnnlvursary c.v
uiclses will bo held at tho Natatorlum
In tlio afternoon nnd dedication cere
inoiileH will bo held In tho new hull at
7:30 o'clock In tho evening. An elabo
rate bauiiuet Is to follow tho ceremo
nies and various well known spcakois
from the surrounding towns will de
liver toasts.
Following Is tlio program and ar
rnngoiuonts for tlio day;
Anniversary Exercises.
Orator, B. F. Mulkey; mnrslial of the SPRINGFIELD, III.. April 25. Des
day, Isaac Woolg. All Odil Fellows anil lUo tin eats or a Jail sentence, Edwaid
Rebekahs ussemhle at hnll. corner Sixth Tlhlcu. picshlcnt of tlio National Puok
aml Holly streets, at 2 p. in. Form pa- '" company, today again refused to np
rndo on Holly street. Music will ho I'luil- lx-foro the Btate somite committee
furnished hy tho Aloitfor'd Concert band.
The cscoit will consist nf Second Bat
talion, Second regiment, Patriarch Mili
tant. The lino of march will be: South
to Seventh street east to Riverside,
north to Natatorlum hall. The public
Is cordially invited to attend.
W. I. Vnwter, P. G. M., will net as
nnblo grand. J. L. Doinmer, P. O., will
act as vlco-grand. Row. W. F. .Shields
will act as chaplain. F. M. Wilson, P. G.,
will net as past grand. J. D. Rlekert,
P. a., will act as secretary.
Dedication Coremonios.
Tlio Odd Follows and their company.
Rebekahs and their escorts, will uhsem
blo nt I. O. O. F. hall at 7:30 p, m. W
t. Vawter, P, G. M., will act as grand
master. J. L. Denimer P. G., will act
ns grand warden. Rev. W. F. Shields
will act as chaplain. John Eliul, P. (1.,
wll laot as grand miushul. A. N. 1111
debrand, P. G., wll lacl as herald of
tho nortti. J. J. Ilnuri will net us her
aid o fthe south. E. E. Wilson will net
ns hornld of the east. M. L. Meadows,
P. G., wll lact as herald of tho west.
W, S. Crowell will not us toustmas.tor
at tho banquet, nt which tho following
toasts will bo responded te:
"Our visiting sisters and brothers," W.
I. Vawter; response, George W. Trefien,
of Ashland: "Odd Fellowship Its Mis.
slon," II. F. Mulke, "The Buttablllty of
the Goat," W. R. Coleman of Jackson
ville; "Twenty-five years with Modfoid
Lodge No. 83," Isaac Woolf; "Pioneer
Lodge, No. 10," M M. Taylor of Jack
sonville; '"The suberdlnnto lodge, a cove
nant of friendship, love and tiuth," W.
are dnlu on that mossy ImnkSIIRDL
I''. Shields; "The encampment What nio
you doing on that mossy hank?" F. W.
Streets; "The Patriarchs Militant,"
LDIoiitenant W. P. Wetheroll of Gold
Hill; "Tho Rebekahs Where thou gnest
I will go," A. N. llllddbrund.
Look for "worth-answering" want uds
and answer them all)
Dedicate This Temple Tomorrow
Vow of tiio Odd rullow' new
complete4!.
TI1I.DEN REFUSES
eoirsiOEfis
Desperate Threat of Jail President
of National Packing Company Re
fuses to Appear Before Lorimcr In
vestigating Committee.
which Is Investigating the Lnrlmor.olotr
tion and proiluco his booktf-' showing
transactions during tho period ljo Is al
iened to have acted as collector of the
$10(1.000 Lorlmi'i' "slush fund."
Following Tllden's refusal tho Inves
tigators went Into conference III execu
tive session and probably will ask the
senate to deeluie Tlldeu In contempt.
AT
R0SEBUR8 BURNS
Lives of 22 Patients Are Eudaugcr
ed Are Carried to Safety By Nur
ses Two Were On the Operating
Tabic.
ROKEIIURG. On-.. April 2C Investi
gation today Mhowed that the dps Which
liurtlally iluimtxed the Mercy Hospital
and endangered tin lives of twenty-two
imtlents was unused by a dufeatlvo fluw.
The patients were carried tn safety
hy nurses. Two persons weru on the
operating ttihlo under anosthstloH when
tho alarm of file whs raised, Tiioy Were
(Hilled To the open air. The damage Is
estimated ut appioxlnmtely $,000,
SAN FRANCISCO, April H.K. W.
Hawkins, Kit, well known real estate deal
er, Hbot himself in his offices her. 'I' lie
body was found today by the Jiiiiltoi.
Hawkins was unmarried. Despondent y
over the I linens of a filend Is assigned
for the a t
Ten Dam Kids
New York on the Ilyudaui, from Hot
0
' r in iiiirtiiiii aniniiiMiininriiJiTlBr ST a WM
building - In this city. Tnfcou boforo It was
!BURR0VUS SAYS
HE CAN EDENTIFY
If "Bryce" is McNamara Man Who
Rented Launch Claims He Will Be
Able to Identify Him Is Important
Factor.
OAKLAND, Cal.. April 21.. -A. D. Bur
rows, owner of the launch pastime,
which J. B. Bryce, who Is alleged to
lie James W. MoNaina'ra. usel to luual
tho dynamite, snld to have been used to
blow up tlio Los .vugeles Times building
from Giant, Cal,, has been watching the
uawspapers In an effort to find pictures
of the man. He said today thnt be could
Identify 'tlio man who rented tho boat
fioui him, and his evidence win ho a val
uable aid when tho detectives nrrlvu.
lo is piepaieil to go to Los Angeles ns
soon as the detectives arrive with .Mc
Namara. MONSTER FUND
UNION DEFENSE
Chicago Federation of Labor Will
Meet Sunday to Discuss Plans for
Protection of Men Now Speeding
to California.
CHICAGO, April 2C Planning to
raise a monster fund for tho defense of
John J. and James W. MoNamara, and
Ortle MuMnnalgal, the alleged Los An
geles dynamiters, the Chicago federa
tion of Labor will meet bete on Sunday
to dlsuusH plans for the piotectlon of the
men now speeding to California. It has
already been decided that Indltldual as
sessments will be levied and that all the
unions in good financial clrcuiiistuucxs
will make donations. It is expected
1100,000 will he subscribed for a pre
Itmlnary fund.
DlKoussIng tho situation, President
I'ltxpnlrlok said teday:
"Union men olijeot to this gigantic
couspliacy in the general fight of the
I'liiployeis and the unions over the "open
shoi'. The unions ouu be counted on to
give all possible aid to those men. We
have Investigated the ease and know the
men ate Innoceno. Ths arrests were
slaved tliMttrioully so as to Impress the
public with the "guilt" of these men.
Dynamite und clock works worn planted
and were found by detectives to make It,
I ipju-ar that the men wero guilty Thatl
ii easy Tiny found dynamite all ov r.
I ii vv.st when they arrested Moyir. Ha
v. r.d and p, ttlbone The v ought to bu.
I fc-'itid it, for iIkv planted t tin ins. l "
I I
OF
TRULY DELIGHTFUL
Tin i'I.Iiiii-n of N"riimml, as pie
Milt'd b the ladles or the Uuatfl .M..I
furd club ut the opera bouse last vo
nlnic was it Huccfliis In eiery respect.
The ulent displayed by the company
si m iil und little critic-Is in could
4.., cifi.r, ii Medford has long boasted
.f ha-iKh a gioater array of taltut
uloiikT "!'! lines tliu n any other ally In
tin- nurtlmeut, iul this boast wus shown
to he founded on fact at hist night's
presentation.
"The Chluiss" Is n charming little op.
eia and wus put oi) In n manner wliluli
would make an yof the traveling coin
p.uiies go Hume to best. It Will ho pie-
L, tuii Ugi,ni this uven'lnir
NORMANDY
S. P. TD APPEAL
FROM DECISION
W
Executive Committee of Harriman
Lines Announces That An Appeal
' Would Be Taken From Decision of
Judge Wolvcrton In Famous Case
DECISION IS OF GREAT
IMPORTANCE TO. JACKSON
Agitation Which Led to tho Suit Was
Instituted in This Country
I9Q6
NEW YORK, April 2C Following ft
meeting of the axeciptlvo committee of
tho Harrimnn lines horo tills afternoon,
It wns announced thnt nn nppent would
bo taken from United States Judge Wol
verton's decision in Portlund tu tho
Oregon land casus.
Causos Heaviness.
NEW YORK. April 2G, Tho decision
ngalnst the Southern Pacific in tho Ore
gon lnnd case caused somo heaviness In
the Harrimnn stocks nt the opening of
the stock market. Southern Pacific lost
ono point und Union Pacific 1-2. Most
of the other active Issues wore down a
fraction Later a rally sent the prlcos
higher but tho market again receded.
The close was firm.
Bonds wero firm.
t . . . .
. ox Qroat import Here.
The decision of Judge Wolvcrtonof.,
the United States federal court Monday, "
Which restores, if sustained, 2,500,000
acres of land, valued at $75,000,000, to
tlio public dumnln, Is of far-reaching Im
portance to Jackson county, as much of
tho laud In this county Is contained In
tho original grant to the Oregon & Cal
ifornia Railroad company, later taken
over by tho Southern Pacific, Much of
Ii has been sold but tho railroad com
pany still owns 'thousands of acres in
the county, und has withheld it from
settlement.
Jackson Startod War.
To Jackson county also belongs tho
credit for the agitation which led to tho
suit In which by Wolverton's decision
tho railroad has been overthrown. In
1900 Clarence Retimes, n candidate for
the legislature, pledged hlmsolf that, if
elected, ho would secure tho passage of
a resolution authorizing tlio state to
tiiko legal fiction to recover title to tho
railroad grant lauds. L. L. Mullt was
also pledgee' to this move, nnd being
elected he secured the pannage of u
memorial to cougerss, which led to tliu
Institution of tho suit.
Will Aid Development.
Willi tho itillroad lands opened to
settlement and development Jucksou
county will make greater strides. Slnco
1003 the lands have not been on tliu
market nt nnj price.
14 BODIES ARE
E
Nine Others Working at 'Same Time
in Davis Coal & Coke Company
Mine Are Thought to Be Dead
No Hope for Their Escape.
BMC OARDI3N, W. Vu . April 25
Fourteen dead miners weio tukun from
the Oil mine of the DaMs Coal & Coko
Company at dawn today Nino other
nn n In the workings nt the time of tho
i xploslon .ire believed to be dead.
INVESTIGATION
Introduces Resolution In House De
manding Prohlng of Arrest of John
J, McNamara By Detectives Wil
liam J. Burns In Indianapolis.
WASHINGTON. April 33.A resolu.
tlou demanding un Investigation Into tlio.
arrest o John J. McNanmru In Indiana
polls was Introduced (n the house to
day by Representative Vlotor Dorter,
tho Milwaukee socialist.
AKENE MiN
8 ER
HS
7t