jf
sttv
iTlt )f 'jw T
"1TW tIT
-r"'
v?WWr9G5PPff
ippH
i
Medford Mail Tribune
THIRD
SECTION
1
SOCIETY
-!
lOTTH YEAK.
MEDFORD, OREGON, SUNDAY, JANUARY 22, 1911.
No. 260.
J
---- i .
IN MEPFORD'S SOCIAL REALM j&
;i, ,
I
A must enjoyable piano recital wan
given by tho junior pupils of Mrs.
E. K. Gore and Miss Flora Gray at
their studio on Central avinuie Fri
day afternoon. Tho pupils show the
effect of very efficient and thorough
teaching, and the progress mado by
some of the younger pupils is very
marked. Following is the pregram:
Woodland Echoes Wyman
Miss Frances York
Day Dreams, of Youth.. L. Harnish
Miss Ruth Warner.
Gavotte Dcbutantos Abtlier
Miss Lucilo York.
Miss Browning Purdiu.
Alpin Glow Oeston
Miss Orpha Stevens.
Idle Momenta Licbncr
Miss Mury Alico Foster.
Airy Fairies Spaulding
Miss Florence Trowbridge.
In the Merry Sunshine
From First Step
Miss Tholma Ganaway.
March of tile Tin Soldiers. .Selected
Harold Fuller.
Tho Brook
Composed by Miss Alison O'Brien
Miss Elizuboth Gore.
Tarantella Carl Wolfe
Miss Phyllis Sabin.
The Windmill Moritz Lieblz
Miss Gertrude Ilurgrave.
Miss Helen Pierce.
Bright is the Sky Gurlitt
Miss Gertrude Hargravo.
Waltz Licbling
Miss Calhcriuo Tuttle.
Sailor Boy's Dream . ...Lo Ilasclie
Miss Maiy Holmes.
Girard Gavotto Fondoy
Miss Alison O'Brien.
Shepherdess of tho Alps
' Ko.ssini-Li.szt
Miss Esther Warner.
Echoes of tho Past Kern
Miss Willie Howard.
Beautiful Spring Reverio. .Gocrdeler
Miss Mildred Black
L'Alouctta Balakarew
Miss Mary Stevenson.
George II. Millar, councilman in
the Third ward, gavo a dinner to a
number of his friends at tho Man
hattan cafo Tuesday evening. The
occasion was not so much tho fact
that it was tho day of his taking of
fice as it was that it happened to
be his 30th birthday. Mr. Millar has
tho distinction of being the first
member of his party socialist to
bo elected to offico in tho state of
Oregon.
4
The Wednesday Study club meets
January 25 with Mrs. Deuel. The
Mibjcct for tho afternoon will be
"Oregon Its Beauty Spots Some
History and Legends." Mrs. Helen
Hawkins has charge of the program.
Mr. and Mrs. Conro Ficro had as
their dinner guests at tho Nash
Thursday, Mr. Jack Merrill, Mr. Mr.
Jphnston Slater and Mr. Barber.
Mrs. Orr entertained tho 500 club
Friday afternoon.
Wealthy Chicagoans Flockine
Tho 'mlllionalro colony" of Med
ford, Oregon, contains a largo num
ber of namos which, in recont years,
havo figured prominently in the so
cial columns of tho Cnicago news
papers. From Mrs. Potter Pairaor to tho
former ownor of an humblo drug
storo in an obscure corner of the
North Sido of Chicago, every moni
ber of this colony in tho famous
Koguo River Valley has found what
he or she has sought. In somo cases
it has been an Investment; in others,
health and coutontment, and in still
others, a homo in tho open in one of
natures rich storehouses.
It Is estimated that moro than $3,
000,000 has been Invested by former
residonts of Chicago in tho orchards
of this valley, and any ono of tho
homes that havo beon established
here by Chicaijo people is 'of a char
acter likoly to make its owner forget
tho attractions of Stato street and
tho alluroments of life in a metro
politan city. ili
Democracy Hules Colony.
At tho outset it might ho stated
that ono of tho most delightful fea
tures of Medford's "millionaire col
ony" is its democracy. All that is
needed for tho humblest member of
tho colony to bo received vith open
arms Into the palatial homes of the
truly millionaires of tho colony is
that he or she shall be n bona fide
Jtoguo River farmer.
Houoro Palmer, one of the heJrs of
tho Potter Palmer estato, was per-i
haps the pioneer of the small but
wealthy flocU that followed blm from
The Ladies' Aaid society of First
M. E. church met in tho basement
of, the church Wednesday afternoon.
Twenty-one were in attendance one
ne wmember. The society now num
bers 82, and much work is being ac
complished by this enthusiastic band
of women. Tho report of committee
on by-laws was adopted with tho ex
ception of ono or two amendments.
Committee on Saturday market for
January 21 retried everything in
readiness for business at Olmstcad
& Ilibbard's grocery store. Tho
solo will continue during tho entire
day and each week' following bo
ginning at 9:30 a. m. Tho public
and friends arc requested to c-ivo
ordors for any particular dish they
like, or bread, cold meats salada.
cake, etc. A treat is anticipated in
the lecture to bo given bv Rev. John-
stjn in the church January 27, on the
"Hnbits and Customs of Irish Peo
ple," interspersed with a number of
Irish songs and CO or more stcreop
licon views, and tho admission price
is only 25 cents for adults and 15
cents for children under 12. All
friends of tho society are unrcd to
attend and enjoy this treat, also as
sist the ladies in their effort to help
build a larger and more beautiful
churchy At the close of the session
the society was invited to meet with
Mrs. Patterson on South Oakdale
next Wednesday afternoon and bring
their monthly offering to work on,
which will ho an apron or handker
chief or anything they choose to do
nate.
Quite a jolly party was given by
Mr. and Mrs. J. D. Olwell, Friday,
a week ago, during the snowstorm.
A sleigh was secured and an old tune
sleigh rido was given and later the
party had supper at the Louvre. The
guests ' were Mrs. Earl Guddis,
Misses Bertha English, Gertrude
Trcichler, Dorothy Parsons, Mable
Ray and Mr. Jack Price.
A bridge club has been organized
by a number of young Indies, which
will meet on Thursday of each
week. As yet no name has been
given the club. Tho members are
Misses Hazol Daws, Mildred Ware.
Cox. Madge Riddell, Sarah Riley Boss
Kentncr. Bertha English and Mrs.
Homer Rothcrmnl. The club was eu
last week to join her husband, Dr. F.
last week.
Colonel Frank Von Vele returned
Tuesday from an extended eastern
trip. He spent the holidays at his old
home in Ohio and visited in Now Yo'rk
city, Washington and other cities,
returning by the way of Now Or
leans and Los Angeles.
Mr. and Mrs. Madden entorttuined
at luncheon at tho Nash grill Friday.
Their guests were Mr. and Mrs. Dag
gett, Mr. Sterling and Mr. Boynton.
Dr. and Mrs. J. F. Roddy loft for
New York via New Orleans last week.
Chicago through the passes of tho
Cascade mountains into this new
paradise of fruit, of almost eternal
sunshlno and perennial flowers.
Of all of tho Chicago colony tho
heirs of tho Palmer estato havo cut
out for themselves the largest task
for husbandry, and it was the hand
of Mrs. Palmer hersolf that directed
tho scope and plan of tho under
taking. When her ideas Bhall havo boon
carried out to thoir completion tho
Palmer estato will havo an "orchard
paradise" on tho banks of tho Rogue
River and In tho foothills of tho Cas
cade Range, In tho shadow of Upper
Table Rock.
Although tho primary causo for
tho creation of this now Eden was
tho deslro for a permanent invest
ment that would pay bettor than
"gllt-odgo" bonds or stocks, there is
llttlo doubt that the mansion which
Is to be built on tho sldo of tho foot
hills, commanding a view of tho en
tiro valloy and mountain ranges, ulti
mately will become the homo of ono
of tho Palmer heirs.
It was Mrs. Palmer who picked out
this picturesque building sito on tho
side of the mountain overlooking the
roaring and glistening mountain
dream, and it was she that expressed
the opinion that there was no finer
view in tho world.
filant Task In rmlcrtukcn,
To bring this now estate that is lo
bo created by tho Palmer millions j
into its utmost perfection there hu
been selected a well known Chicago-1
an. W. A. Summor, formerly rt the
stockyards In Chicago. i
Army Officer Gives His Valuable Multiplex
Telephone Invention to the American People.
mklSBVAVAVAVAVAVJRRP' Pt-'4' syretjy uN BMt .-41
" i ,' , psv vMw?? ,iv'?fi:fN'':?'vgIlJ 'vflVJHVflVflVflVflVflVflVJ
SpOtER U.S. A' Kfepi-!lli'roS COPYRIGHT AWfcTttCAK PRESAOCJATjB
It Is not often that the discoverer of a valuable Invention Is willing to forego all the profits that may accrue,
but such an instance has been found in the signal corps of the United States army In Major George O. Squier and his
multiplex telephone system. By the use of the Squier patent from Uwo to ten conversations enn bo held at tin samo
tiuio over the same wire. Tho government patents safeguard the appropriation of this Invention by any corporation
or individual, yet all orj welcome to the freo uso of It. Major Squier does not believe tho scope of his discovery will
be appreciated for some time, but says that eventually it will mean tho saving of millions of dollars In construe
tion and possibly a proportionate amount to telephone users.
Mr. nnd Mrs. George Daggett gave
an after-theatre suppor Thursday
night at the Nnsli. Their guests
were General and Mrs. Sooy Smith,
Mr. and Mrs. Evan Reanieo, Mr. Fred
Hopkins, Mr. Jack Asthery and Mr.
Middlcburger.
Tho Ladies Aid of the Presbyter
ian church will meet this week with
Mrs. W. W. Eifert, on North Central
avenuo. The ladies have decided t.i
make a charge of 10 cents whenever
refreshments arc served.
Mrs. Warner ontertained at dinner
Friday night in honor of Mr. Louie
Warner. Tho guests were Mr. and
Mrs. Ralph Warner and Mr. and
Mrs. W J. Warner
Mr. nnd. Mrs. John D. Olwell and
Mrs. ,ay and Miss Mablo Raj', leave
this week for Chicago. They expect
to bo away at least a month.
Mr and Mrs. Matthews of Fargo.
S. D., were tho guests of Mr. and
Mrs. E. B. Davis, last week
Dr. Henry Hart and family have
returned from a visit to Los Angeles.
to the Rogue
Mr. Summer's pleasing task Is to
mold 1,500 acres of land, with six
miles of frontage on both sides of tho
Roguo Rlvor, Into tho largest and
boBt pear orchard In tho world.
In the accomplishment of this task
ho will have tho uso of unlimited
means, nnd in another decado tho
Modoc Orchard, as tho undertaking Is
to bo known, undoubtedly will bo
ono of the show places of tho Pacific
Hlopo.
Tho Modoc orchard constitutes tho
largest body of river bottom land
undor ono ownership in tho North
west, and It Is admirably adapted for
tho creation of ono of tho greatest or
chards In tho world.
Along tho county road, nt tho
north end of tho ranch, Mr. Sumner
has erected twenty buildings, which
form a llttlo vlllago by thembolves,
and which aro necessary to accom
modate tho Inrgo force of employes.
Tho buildings are all painted white
and overlook tho entire project.
There Is an Immenso barn, In which
Is already stored several hundred
tons of hay and alfalfa, required to
feed tho thirty head of horses and
nearly as many head of mules,
Tho entire ranch Is irrigated from
a gravity ditch, Into which tho .wa
ter from tho rlvor Ib taken at a point
farther down tho valley. When Mrs.
Palmer and her sons, Unnoro and
Potter Palmer, first oame to iiibpoet
the valloy they thought they wanted
to engage In tho apple Industry, but
after several Interviews with Profes
sor P. J. O'Gara thoy concluded that
tho pear Industiy presented an rvon
better form of investment, .
Mr. and Mrs. Ed Ilnnlcy were the
tjicatrc guests of Mr. aud Mrs. Ran
Thursday, and wero ontertained at
supper at tho Louvro Inter, where
Mr. and Mrs. Edgar, Mrs. Stokes,
Mrs. Lane and Mr. Wilson joined tho
party.
A parlor lecture was given at the
homo of Mrs. Deuel Wednesday
evening by Mr. and Mrs. Maynard
of Denver. The subject of tho lec
ture was "Hygienic Living," and a
very interesting and instructive talk
was given.
-
Mrs. Alfred Gluck and daughter
Loraiuo, nro spending several months
with Mrs. Gluck's parents in Los An
geles, Cal. m
v Mrs. Porter J. Noff loft Saturday
for' Los Angeles, Call., where she
will meet her husband on his return
from the cast.
Mrs. and Mrs. J. D. Olwell weio
tho week-end guests of Mr. and Mi.
Hockwith.
Mr. aud Mrs. Jack Flynn of Albany
arc visiting friends in town.
River Valley
Tiiind Suited to Pears.
Tho botton land along tho river
was selected because It Is supposed
to bo peculiarly well adapted to tho
raising of pears.
Manager Sumner has put out
thlrty-slx acrec of Hartlett pears In
tho vicinity of the ranch house. This
winter ho will set out nlno thousand
additional trees on tho sldo hills,
and when tho orchard shall havo been
completed It will contain six thous
and acres of pears in a solid body.
Tho ranch Is to bo a woll-balancod
ono, because It Is tho Intention to re
tnln between 300 and 100 acres on
which to raise hay and grain for
feeding the hnrMN, mules nnd htock
which it is Intended to raise.
At tho time Mrs. Pnlmor camo to
tho valloy tho bottom 'lands, which
ar known In this section as "Illg
Sticky," wero not regarded as be
ing of very much value, but Mrs,
Palmer was shrewd enough to find
that thoy would ho tho most favor
able, Investment possible.
By consulting tho best specialists
in this section of tho countnry she i
discovered Hint tlin common jinproh-l
slon regarding ' Illg Sticky" was er
roneous, and she thoroforo Immediat
ely proceodod to buy a largo tract of
this hitherto despised soil for the
proverbial "ronir," which In this
caso Is reported to hnvo boon ?29
por aero. , (
Perhaps tho most significant'
thing rofnrdlnr tho new Palmer es-J
tato in tho Rogue Rlvor Valloy Is tho
fact that men of means In tho largo
(it Ins ni mm In to reallzo that
scientifio fuiunng presents moto ut-
Tho F. I. L. of tho Presbyterian
church met last Tuesday at the
mnuso. They decided to meet twice
each month, when a regular business
mooting will be held, followed by a
social evening.
Mr. and Mrs. George Ennoy of Lan
sing, Minn., who has boon the guest
of Mr. L. S. Ennoy, loft Saturday
for San Jose, whore they will visit
their sou.
Tho F F. club met with Mrs. J. M.
Aoot Tuesday afternoon. Mrs.
Woodford and Mrs Hoath were sub
stitutes for absent members.
y
Thero will bo a regular business
meeting of tho Medford club Mon-
day January 3(.
Mr. and Mrs. Madden entertained
Mr. aud Mrs. Tomliu at dinner
Thursday evening.
Preparations aro being made for
the Illinois club banquet which will
be hold February 12.
Mr. and Mrs. I! U. Lumsdon left
hint week for California.
j& From the Chicago
tractlvonoss for laro investments
than do tho kind or things that Wall
street represents.
And tho boat thing about this
of Investment Is tho fact that It of
fers something which Ib much moro
Interesting to tho man of means than
tho labor of clipping coupoiiB, nB It
Is a labor that addB to tho creative
wealth of tho community, and nt tho
samo time furnishes a uover-eudlug
source of ploasuro In nchlovomont.
Many ClilcagoaiiN in Colony.
To give a list of ChicagoaiiB of
ample means who havo followed In
tho footsteps of tho Palmer heirs
would requlro considerable spaco.
Prominent among them Is A. Conro
Piero, who has forty-nlno acres of
tho finest orchard in the entire val
loy. He went from Chicago loss than
two years ago, and from his first
season's crop ho shipped two cars of
perfect Spltzonborg apples to Pitts
burg, receiving $3,700. Tho two
carloads of apphw woro grown from
two acres of orchard, and somo of
his Newton Pippin trees aro produc
ing as high as thirty boxos to tho
treo. Last summor Mr. Ploio's
mother followed him to Medford and
purchased olghty-two acres of or
ation! and raw land besldo hor son's
placo.
Tho huslnoRB world or Chicago haB
not forgotten Prank 11. Madden, who
rerontly decided that earning a sal
ary or $26,000 por yoar In a big city
had no attraction, when It enmo to
an orchard proposition in tho Rogue
River Valley.
.Maddt-it I.canis How.
Reullzlnu that ho was what Is
At tho regular meeting of tho
Knight's of Pythias Wednesday the
following officers wero wero in
stalled: William Seholz, C. C; Eg
Trowbridge, Jr., V. C; E. J. Klein,
P.; W. W Eifert, M W.; J. F. Hutcn--inson,
K. R. S.; Geo. F. Lindley, M.
P.; B. J. Trowbridge, M. Ex.; II. T
Hnswell, M. A.; M. L. Wauschau
I. G.; E. C. Rice, C. G. Mr
G. T. Lindley was elected to attend
grand lodge nUPortland and Mr. J
A. Perl, trustee.
Tho "Lcndnhnnds" gavo a vory
successful "pio snlo" last Saturday
week, at II. C. Kentner's store, where
40 pics wero disposed of and as ninny
moro could havo been sold. Mr.
Kentncr has kindly offered tho use
of his store at any timo to tho club.
The club has decided to tako for
its work, tho fitting up and main
taining a loom in tho now hospital,
nnd tho young ladies aro directing
all their energios along 1hat lino.
Tho club will meet this week with
Miss Evelyn Carey.
'
Tho Pythian Sisters held n most
enjoyable social ovening Wednesday,
when tho nowly elected officers wore
installed. Thero wero several musi
cal selections after which tho even
ing was spent in cards and dancing.
Tho cojnmitleo in ohargo of the af
fair was Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Eifert,
Mr. nnd Mrs. J A Perry, Misses
Edna Eifert, Elison, Hnswell and Mr.
Harry Haswell.
A social evening wns given by tho
Rebekahs Tuosday evening. A mu
sical program was rendorcd after
which tho ovening wns spent playing
cards. Thoso on tho program wore
Mrs. Childors, Miss Fioldor and Miss
Flora Gray. Tho committee in charge
of the cntortainmont wore Mr. and
Mrs. Dolney Dixon, Mr. and Mrs.
J. B. Wood. Mr. and Mrs. Bliton,
Mrs. Piatt, Mrs. Howard, and Mis?
Helen Yockey.
Tho Junior Biblo society of tho
Prcj.bylorian church met in the
church parlors Saturday afternoon
of last week, when a Welsh rarehitt
party was given, Tho young people
presented Mrs. Shields with a chaf
ing dish for Christmas, aud took this
opportunity of using it.
Tho noxt Swastika danco will bo
hold Thursday evening, January 20,
at St. Mark's hall.
Tho annual North Dakota banquet
will bo helcl February 15 at St. Mark's
parlors.
Tho Juvcnilo Dancing club will
meet in St. Murk's hall Monday oven
ing. Mr. nnd Mrs. Charlos Brown re
turned Monday from nn eastern
trip.
Tim Eastern Star will hold a busi
ness mooting Wednesday evening.
known hb a "nccktlo" farmer, Mr.
Madden solectod his land aud learned
tho orchard business undor tho tutel-
ugo of Professor O'Gara, who is em
ployed by tho county for the pur
pose of helping now settlers, and also
ror tho purposo of keeping tho or
chards In good health.
In October of tho pronont year Mrs,
A, L. Hurko followod hor son, Ed
mund IlurUo, into tho valloy, where
both aro now engaged in tho orchard
business.
Ono of tho most prominent mom-
bers of tho millionaire colony is Geo.
H. Carpontor, whoso rorty acres of
apple orchard wus a wedding pro
sent from lib father. Both Mr. Car
penter and his brldo aro millionaires
in their own right, and they aro now
constructing ono of tho finest
bungalow homes In Oregon.
fiwH to Help Hon.
General Sooy Smith, who has a
twenty-acro ponr and applo orchard
In a locality commanding a vlow of
tho entlro valley, wont to Oregon for
tho purposo of starting his son In
tho orchard business.
Tho mlllionalro colony of Chicago
contains ouo member, D. IT. Dag
gott, who was formorly on tho
Hoard of Trado, hut aftorward mov
ed to Minneapolis. On ono of tho
many picturesque hills west of Med
ford, Mr. Daggett has H7 ncros of
fluo apples and pears, In a grove
of enormous live onk trees ho has
ono of tho moRt beautiful residences
In tho entlro valley.
Tho Chicago colony owns nearly
1,000 acres of tho choicest orchard
properties In tho Uocuq River Vol-'
Tho prettiest rccoption which has
been given by tho Greater Medford
ford club was held in the club rooms
Wednesday aftomoon. Tho hall was
artistically decorated wth palms;
ferns nnd cut flowera. Thoso in tho
receiving lino were Mcsdnmes Lutns
den, Carey, Budge, William Brown,
Piekcl, Clnrcnco Knight and Miss
Haskius. Mrs. Lucas nnd Mrs. Den
niston, Mrs. English nnd Mrs. Riddell
poured coffee. Miss Bertha English
and Miss Sarah Riley served. Mr.
William Isaacs, accompanied by Mrs.
Isaacs, sang most delightfully, and
tho Mlissej Crawford and CrowcU
played during tho afternoon. A
great number of club members wero
present and many names of new
mombors wero given in. Mrs. Mnnloy
was tho chairman of tho committee
in charge. Mcsdumes Hollis, Wako
mnn, Rau and Vawter were on tho
decoration committee, others on tho
refreshment committoo wero Mcs
dnmes Riddell, English, Folger, Mer
rick, Lucas and Dcnnistou.
Medford is to havo a $20,000 li
brary at last. Word was recoived
lact week from Mr. Carncgio's pri
vato secretary that tho application
had been recoived and approved, pro
vided a site was given and an ordi
nance passed by tho city giving
$2000 a year for maintenance, which
has been done, and plans nro being
mado by local architects aud tho
most suitablo ono will bo chosen nnd
sent on to Mr. Cnrnogio, The library
will bo built on tho sito of tho old
water tower in tho city park nnd
will bo a preat addition to tho towto.
Tho Ladies' Aid and Missionary
society of tho Baptist church met at
tho Iimo of Mrs. S. L. Bennett last
Tuesday afternoon. Thero were 26
ladies present. An interesting mis
sionary program was rendered by
soma of tho members of tho socioty.
Tho new officers for this year woio
installed and a missionary offering
was taken. Thirty-fivo dollars w.ls
raised. - Several now members wor'o
added to the society, Refreshments
wero served by tho hostess, Mrs.
Bennett.
Tho Monday Bridge club met with
Mrs. Dunlop at lior homo on Siski
you heights last week. Mrs. Strikes
with tho highest scoro won tho prize,
a pair of handsome guest towels.
Mrs. Daniels substituted for tho af
ternoon. The next meeting of tho
club will bo with Mrs. Edgar Ilafor.
Tho Ladies' Aid of tho Baptist
church will mcot in tho church par
lors Tuesday afternoon.
Mrs. Worrell and Miss Ilolen Wor
rell nro spending tho week-end in
Medford.
Mr, Fred Hopkins is spending a
few days in Medford.
Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Watt enter
tained tho 500 club Monday evening.
Record Herald
loy, and nearly ovory member of tho
colony has built or Ib building olthor
nn"attractlvo bungalow or a pala
tial rcsldonco.
In vast lgure8 Is told tho growth
mado by Medford during 1910. It
Is the banner your so far In tho his
tory of tho City, but 1911, which to
day Is with us, Is expected to Bur
puss 1910 in as great a degree as
1910 did 1909. Medford is fairly
on hor way.
During 1910 postal recolpts gain
ed n-l per cent ovor 1909. Rank de
posits gained 22 por cent ovor 1909.
hvery lino of business, ovor calm
nol of human endeavor In Medford
shows an Increaso healthy, Bteady,
certain, lMj
According to tho official figures
compled by Assistant Postmaster
Ralph Woodford for tho biiBlnosa
transacted by tho local otfco ror tho
year 1910, an Increaso of 510,338.20,
or 5-1 por cont, oVor tho business of
tho samo oy4co during 1909 Is
shown. i
Tho total for 1910 shows that
$29, 431.71 was taken in, as against
$19,192.42 In 1909.
Tho rocolpto this Docombor woro
$3800, an increaso of $140o, or 57
per cent, ovor Docombor, 1909.
Tho Increaso shown by tho fig
ures of 1909, compared with tho
year 1908, showed, ror tho month of
Dpcombor, an increaso of 38 per
cent. ,- 4
Hank depostts show a gain of,
$115,000 ovor January 1, 1910, an.
Increase of 22 per cont.
- r-l
vi
ml
ri
4
i
L.3M
4
4
4
4
i.
31
I