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MMDFORDMAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFOllD, OttlDClON. SUNDAY. TlTliY 3. 1910.
THE PROTECTION OF ORCHARD BY SMUDGING
By P. J. O'Gara, Scientific Assistant, Fruit-Dlseaso Investlnations,
Bureau of Plant Industry.
Stnblo manure, straw and rubbish
were also employeil, but only to a
vory limited extent. Those materials
wore priucipnlly used for producing
a dunso smudge, with the iden of
protecting the orchnrds from the di
rect rnys of tho sun in the early
morning after it was known that
there had been somo freezincr of tho
blossoms. Tho idea m nearly every
caso was not to raiso the tempora-
turo of tho air in tho orchnrds, as
was tho caso with tho use of wood,
but simply to form a heavy smoke
blanket which would prevent the
blossoms from wanning up too rap
idly in caso they were slightly fro
zon.
Another valuable material which
was used only in a few cases is the
lnrnito coal, which is mined near
Mcdford. This coal, although not
igniting very readily, was found to
be of cousidcrablo value if used m
connection with wood. In using the
coal it was usually placed on top of
the wood piles and was found to be
a good heat producer. Undoubtedly
ti will be found very valuable where
fires must be prolonged for some
time during very cold nights.
Materials for Starting Fires.
In the experiments conducted by
tho writer tho materials used for
starting the fires varied about as
widely as tho materials used in
maintaining the fires. These mate
rials consisted of shavings or mill
planings, sawdust, straw, crude oil,
light brush and mbbish or rnkings
from the adjoining woods. One of
tho best materials was found to be
unless tho wood or other material is
vory dry the fires will not start. One
of tho most important factors in
firing is to get tho fires lighted as
rapidly as possiblo when tho tem
perature begins to drop or ap
proaches tho dancer uoint. Of
course where there is onlv a small
acreage, this is not quite so urg
ent as whore there is a considerable
amount of ground to be gone over.
With tho uso of kcroscno i
and with tho fires already laid, it
was found that tho fires for an acre
could bo lighted by one ronn in from
seven to ten minutes. Tho use of a
keroseno or gasoline torch is advis
able for the reason that it does not
readily blow out. With such a do
vice one can light tho fires almost
as rapidly as ho can run.
Manner of Distributing and Materials
in tho Orchard.
The number of heaps or piles of
material which should be distributed
in tho orchard will vary somewhat,
depending upon tho kind of material
used, about 40 to 50 piles per acre
being usually sufficient. In most
cases a heap or pilo was placed be
tween every four trees that is to
say, a pilo every other treo row in
each direction in tho .orchard. Gen
erally it will bo found that only hnlf
of these heaps will have to be light
ed at one time, which, of course, al
lows a large amount of reserve ma
terial that may be used in case it is
impossible to keep tho temperature
up with only half tho fires lighted.
It is also well to place heaps of
fuel on tho outer edges or borders
ROADS MAY
INSTALL FLAT
SCENT RATE
Western Lines Said to Bo Consider
ing Proposition of Abolishing All
Special Rates and Establishing
Minimum Will End Colonist Excursions.
Hiill planings, which were put into of the orchard, since it is often
medium-sized paper sacks and the
whoio saturated with crude oil or
kerosene. A considerable number of
these bags were piepared before
hand and kept in a shed, where they
"were readily available when it was
accessary to build tho fires. Saw
dust mingled with tar was also used,
lounu mat the outside trees may
suffer whore a slight breeze tends to
blow tho heat away. These piles
should be distributed outside the
last row of the orchard, and in case
tho temperature cannot be kept up
they should be lighted.
CHICAGO, 111., July 2. It is re
ported hero on good authority that
western railroads aro considering a
proposition of nbolishing all special
rates and making 2 conts tho mini
mum. This would mean tho abolishment
of colonists' rates nud reduced sum
mer rates. It is said that tho ex
ecutive committeo of the Western
Passengor association has taken tho
matter up at tho instance of various
railway presidents. Tho proposal is
in lino with general retrenchment
policies recently adopted by tho sev
eral western lines, following tho
passngo of tho railroad regulation
bill.
Tho movement, however, is the re
vival of a movement started over a
J year ago.
Beyond agreeing that it would bo
sound economically to do away with
all reduced rates for special occas
ions, nil summer tourist rates and
homescokers' and colonists' rates,
tho executive committeo has done
nothing, it is reported. The commit
tee plans to meet in the near future
and see how far the western roads
can jro in the way of discontinuing
reduced rates.
The trouble in reaching an agree
ment is that a number of the roads
have certain classes of business
which thoy aro unwilling to give up.
Some of the transcontinental lines
You are Always Welcome at This Store
Especially for Women
Only the Latest Styles and Best Values
AVhcii you visit this store you sou onlv iho boat liuoa from (ho
foremost manufacturers of tho world. You aro sure of QUALITY
when you trade here, for these manufacturers will not turn out
goods that aro not perfect.. Back of all thi stands our liberal
guarantee that everything you buy here is worth all you pay and
more.
.If you wish to see tho newest styles direct from tho centers of
fashion, we invite yo uherc Ihis week. You are always welcomed
hero.
SEE OUR WINDOWS
d I fr)
y )xWl
Wl 1
w Tfl
11
6135
Half Value Sale
On Nice Lot of
Wash Suits, Dresses, Waists, Etc.
Only a very limited supply of these splendid WASH SUITS,
dresses and waists remain. Wo wish to dispose of them quickly and
in order to do so havo made the prices half. Make a resolution to
visit hero this week sure.
if :w 'W
MM : uht'
the, emporium
0.Q E. TACKSTROM, Proprietor, Successor to MONTGOMERY'S.
but it was found to be harder to kept up to 28 decrees fahrenbeit. a
landlo and not so easily made up as certain amount of straw or stable
tho bags of shnvinus. Pine leaves j manure, which will produce a dense
and other forest leaves may be smudge, should be placed upon these
sed for this purpose. 1 heaps before the sun rises in order
In some cases, instead of using
shavings or 'very light material of
any kind, kerosene was poured di
ctly on the coarse material and
then ignited with a match or a
torch. This method, however, is
yore expensive than the former, and
In case the temperature cannot be dcs;ro to continne t0 nttraot o
to the Pacific coast by reduced rates
for conventions, and roads leading
to tho northwest nnd tho southwest
are unwilling to abandon tho largo
colonist business by which thousands
of acres of land are being settled ev
ery year.
fto prevent the slightly frozen fruit
or blossoms from thawing out too
rapidly. These smudges should be
started on the side or sides from
which the win'd is blowing and the
material should be wet, so as to
make it burn without nnv flame.
AIRSHIP MEN IN
EUROPEAN CONGRESS
PARIS. Julv 2. Aviators from
all parts of Europo aro assembling
here today to attend tho Rheims
aviation mcot, which will begin to
morrow. Forty biplanes and 23
monoplanes will bo entered in the
contests, which promlso to bo tho
most eventful over held.
Aviators Rolls, Blcriot, Do Lcs
scps, Pnulhan, Fnnnan, Du Bonnet
nnd Lnmbcrt will compcto for prizes
which total .$05,000.
ROSEBURG WOMAN IS fbecamo hysterical and started to run,
VERY BADLY BURNED "I"1 tho rC8Ult thnt tho flnmos, tan
ned by a Blight brouzo, soon envoi-
Hwufrinw tor Hualth.
UOSEUUnO, Or., July 1. Whllo
kindling a flro outdoors near tho fam
ily homo at Winston, a hnmlot seven
mllea south of hero, Mrs. Ollto Hoator,
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Qcorgo
Drosl, woalthy frultgrowois, received
burns which mny cost hor llfo. Wlt
nosscH to tho nccldont cny that tho
woman was standing near tho flro
when hor clothes becamo Ignltod. Sho
oped her,
UolatlvoB rushed to hor assistance,
but before hor clothing could bo torn
rom hor body Mrs. Heater was fright
fully burned. Hor father, Ooorgo
Hroal, also received oorlouo burnn
extinguish tho flames, and ns n result
effort la tho hope of saving tho wom
an's llfo.
INNOCENT MAN SPENDS
TWELVE YEARS IN PRISON
LINCOLN, Nob,, July l. After
nerving 12 year In prison for n mur
der that ho did not commit, Andrew
Hawkins, 70, will bo rolonsod on n
pardon today. Throo mon lmro con
fessed to tho mttrdor nnd tliolr state-
ALWAYS LOVING YOU.
Sung by TOBY CLAUDE in Vaudeville.
wlll bo unable to rcauino hlu Inborn inentn have ccnvlncod tho ntithorl
for sovoral weoks. Physicians rushed tlca that Ha7kli b had nothing to do
to tho acono nnd aro exerting ovorywlth tho crime
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Words by JOHN KEMBLE.
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Music by LESTER KEITH.
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Latest
. Popular
Songs
For Sunday
Readers
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Medford
Mail Tridune
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But It was be-cause some-one was far
For your smiles can turn Do -cem-ber In
a -way, Now the birds are sinff-lnff, you are by my side,
to June: You have made me hrav-er. you have made me glad,
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