I' I ; PEAR BLIGHT AND ITS CONTROL UPON THE PACIFIC COAST 1 Tills is tho Twelfth of a Sr.rics of Articles That Will Be Printed Dally Until Subject Is Completed Every Orchardlst In the West Should Savo These Issues for Future Reference, as They Contain Valu able Information. MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON, MONDAY, MAY 23, .19.1.0. ' ',,-, ' T n I . every ovonlns tills week, nnd also on fl fl ft H HIM IT Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday ami LI Mill kAI I Al Friday afternoons, Tho muslo un-( UUUU UflLL. 111 dor tho directorship of Mr. Grey la oxcollont and attracted many pcoplo to tho services who would not bo reached otherwise Tho force of employes handling tho business of tho Eapoo at tho depot In this city has been Increased by ouo more Clarence, Pnnkoy who will assist In tho freight department. By ritOFKSSOB O'OAIIA, Assistant Pathologist United States Department of Agrlcuturo. Writ ten especially for tho Medford Mall Tribune. Copyright, 1910,' by tho Medford Mall Tribune tContlnuod From May 21.) Irrigation ns a Factor. Tho wliolo subject of Irrigation Is so broad that It will only bo dis cussed hero In Its connection with tho control and eradication of pear Wight. While Irrigation cannot bo considered In tho samo light ns rain fall, since It Is merely water applied to tho root systom, It Is, neverthe less. Important to understand It thoroughly, especially In connection with blight control. It has been pointed out that perlodB of rainy weather during the spring and sum mer produce, what has been termed, Infection periods, through tho wet ting of the trees and thus permitting a spread of tho Infection through Infected trees, nnd making It pos sible for tho germs to bo more read ily distributed over a considerable area In any district. The warm, muggy weather such as wo find com mon in tho cast following rainy periods further tend to Influence tho -spread of infection. Irrigation In no way Induces any of tho above con ditions, but, on tho other hand, Its -effect is noted in the tendency of the trees to push very rapidly under a normal water supply and to be come sappy and less resistant to blight It Is well, therefore, to have this la mind, nnd to apply no more water than is actually necessary for the production of tho crop or the maintaining of a healthy condition In tho tree. In cases whoro a se rious infection has mado itself ap parent, the w:.tor should bo imme diately turned off and kept off Juntll tho blight is under control. It is Bafe to say that in all irrigat ed districts somo harm usually re sults from over-IrrigaUon rather "than under-Irrigation. Tho ten 'dency to apply too much water is especially tho great fault with be glnners in Irrigation. To Irrigate properly and scientifically, one should lenow soil conditions, soil depths, and drainage. Another Im portant factor Is a knowledyo of tho duty of water; by this it is to bo understood the amount of water "which should bo used to produce the "best results. Tho Roguo River Val ley is so situated that a minimum -amount of Irrigation should be used In certain well defined districts, or, perhaps I might say, very small areas. Generally, pears era ho well grown without any irrigation what ever; and with good cultivation and proper soli treatment, apples will bo able to get along fairly well with -much less water than 13 generally supposed. It is well known tent the destruction of tho pears by blight an the San Joaquin "Valley, In Cali fornia, was duo as muc to malntaln 2ng too vigorous a growth by Irri gation as It was through lack of the Important detail knowledse of flght ilng It scientifically. Not only were tho orchards lost, but valuable soils wore practically ruined by over-Irrigation. It is a well settled fact ttat Irri gation is to bo practiced moro or less gonorally in tho Rogue River Vnlloy, Taut I wish to sound this note of warning in regard to tho matter of -over-doing It. It Is doubtful If the heavy, black, sticky soils of tho val- lay floor are at all benefited by lrrl gatlon; I might say that It has boon proven that they may bo Injured. Cover Crops. In tho eastern states It Is a vory common practlco to sow a crop of cow peas, sorghum, or, somotlmes, even Indian corn In tho lato spring. This Is done to tako up the surplus moisture of ,the soil from tho trees which hn3 a tendency to chock luxu riant growth and henco acts to check pear blight. It must be understood, however, that tho abovo practlco would not bo at all advlsablo In most Pacific Coast districts whoro thoro Is a shortago of soil moUturo. Thoro are localities, however, whoro it may become necessary to mako uso of cover crops In this way. Tho uso of cover crops on tho Pacific Coast should be for a wholly dlfforont pur post; namely, to add fertility to tho soil as well as to chango Its physical condition, In fact, the uso of cover crops may be considered to servo tho samo purpose as stablo macuro In making the soil moro easily tilled and rendering it into better condition for giving up plant food. Cover crops of vetch or cow peas of course, add nitrogen to tho soil, and, from this standpoint, it Is perhaps bet ter that theso liguminous plants should be used In preference to rye or any of tho grains or grasses. On spmo soils such" cover crops as rye or wheat do not glvo tho best re sults, especially on the ctlcky soils. It usually takes a great deal of labor to produce a good soil mulch after turning under a crop of rye. Tho rule In tho pear orchards of the eastern states has been to keep the trees in a half-starved condition for fear blight would destroy them. Orchard treatment of this kind natu rally renders the fruit less luscious and with a distinctly poorer flavor than fruit grown under good culti vation. While I would advise a good deal of caution In producing too vigorous or sappy a tree, when there Is serlouB danger of destruction by blight, I would not advise the pear and apple growers of tho Pacific Coast to strrvo or uadorcultlvato or underprune their trees; but I do mean to say that they sLould prac tice moderation in all these thlng3. This Is especially true In districts where the blight is new to them, and where they are not thoroughly acquainted with the methods of erad icating it from their orchards and keeping it under control. Pear blight is so different from all other orchard diseases, which respond so readily to spray treatments, that It has been the general rulo for whole communities and even states to lose all their orchards before being brought to a realization of tho neces sity for studying tho dlreaso care fully and obeying to the letter tho Instructions for combating It. (The following chapters will give a history of tho eradication work In California and Southern Oregon. It Is my intention to give lr. detail the difficulties encountered in this work, as well as the failures and successes. Failures there have been becauso it Is very seldom that communities as a whole feel a common interest in any work which seems to be moro or less public In nature. Tho last few chapters will also glvo a resurao of all tho preceding ones, bringing into condensed form the important things that should bo known about pear blight.) (To Bo Continued.) CENTRAL POINT NEWSLETTER C. W. Jeffors and wifo, who have heen spending tho spring out on their liomestend, returned last Thursday 'evening. They will go back again 3n a few dayB. Mrs. Myra Roberts, who taught the seventh grade during tho school year Just ended, haB accepted a position in tho Ttalent publio school for next year. Roberts was one of tho most faithful and conscientious of tho many good teachers employed in our school Hast year. ( Tirs. Dan McKlllop entertained tho ladles of tho Presbyterian Missionary socloty last Wednesday afternoon at hor pretty homo on the fine McKlllop ranch Just west of town. About 15 ladies woro present, including sever al visitors, and at tho conclusion of tho business nnd study hour straw borrlos nnd cream cako and punch woro served by tho hostess. Tho closing exorcises of tho high .school were very largely attended last Friday evening in tho opera houso, avon standing room near tho doors oiitsldo being at a premium. Tho program was unusually fine and ev-J ry number deserves special uituniuu, Miss Merle Ensley, the one member of tho graduating class, acquitted lier solf well In tho delivery of hor ora tion, "Footprints on tho Sands of Time." Miss Ensloy Is pretty, win some and Intel igent and suggests In her personality tho vision of Queen Eleanor by Tennyson, "A daughter of tho gods, divinely tall, and most divinely fair." Tho morabors of tho eighth grado graduating nlto tho high school were as follews: Cassia Jones, Martin Wltto, Oscar Griffith, Hart loy Austin, Mark Heathorby, Clifford Hatfield, Margaret Ross, Ella Hay, Frances Shields, Manry Hanloy, Luko Peart, Fred Pope, Brlco Nichols, Roy al Stewart. W. IIT. Norcross will lay cement walks along tho block recently pur chased by him In the soutl wost part of town, and other proporty owners In that locality aro also considering tho samo Improvement. Rev. Robert E. John3on spoko to a largo audlonco Sunday morning In tho big tabornaclo, all tho churches In tho city having waived their morn ing services to attend tho taborna clo mooting, Mr. Johnson will speak TWENTY-ONE YOUNG GET JOBS MEN IN ARMY WASHINGTON, D. C, May 23. Twentyono young civilians who passed tho examinations for commis sion ns second lioutonnnts in tho army threo months ago will bo nom inated for officers in tho coast ar tillery ns soon ns tho sennto con firms tho nominntion of n formerr class to nu advanced grade. Tho sec retary of war has presented tho nom ination of tho ndvnnco class to tho sennto nnd confirmation is expect ed this week. This will make tho vacancies for tho twenty-ono successful students nnd their nominntious will go to the sennto ns soon ns tho vacancies are created. SHARP TEMBLOR IS FELT THROUGHOUT UTAH CENTRAL POINT Medford Wins by Scoro of 4 to I Splendid Gnmo Is Greatly Enjoyed by Spectators Many Brilliant Plays aro Mado. SALT LAKE CITY, Utah, May 23. Cracked walls, leaning chimneys and broken crockery nro today's evi dences of a sharp littlo temblorr that rocked this section of Utah Sunday. Tho seismograph at tho stnto uni- verrsity recorded throe soparalo shocks within n period of thirty sec onds. Only one shock, however, was felt by residents here, tho othor two being so light ns to bo unnoticeable here. The area affected was fifty square miles. Slight damago was dono m towns within that radius from here. COUNT DE LESSEPS TO TRY A SECOND FLIGHT CALAIS, May, 23. Count Jon- quuin Do Lcsscps announced today that he would attempt soon to make a round trip ncrinl flight ncross tho English channel. Tho nvintor said that probably ho would mako the at tempt this week. Do Lcsseps was provented from making n round trip from Englnnd nftcr he had crossed tho cannel from here Saturday. Tho aviator in tended to return nt onco nftcr land ing near Doverr but higlit winds f ms trntcd his plan. A. MUTT AND CO. A HIT For an ovonlng of unalloyed enjoy ment go to tho BIJou this weok, An audlenco that was packed In as solid as sardines in a box greeted A. Mutt and his companions In Funlnnd last night, and to say that thoy woro do- lighted Is to put it mildly. Thero was not a mediocre number on the entire bill and fun and laughter reigned sunreme from tho tlmo Zanfrotta and Mansflold (Oh you crazy messenger) mado their appearance until A. Mutt and Co. closed tho festivities all was hilarity. A visit to tho BIJou this weok Is money well spent, and abovo all tho house Is delightful! cool. BIG BAND INSTRUMENT MANUFACTURING PLANT BURNS ELKHART. Ind.. Muy 23. Half u million dollars, it is estimated today, will hardly cover the damage to the C. G. Conn Musical Instrument fac tory partially destroyed by fire last nicht. Tho bier factory, tho largest in the world for making bnnd instru ments, will be rebuilt as quickly as possible, it is nnnounced todny. Hun dreds of men have been thrown out of work by the partial destruction of tho plnnt. II Good Candy i. Insurance Look for this 4-44 Label It stands for all that is good jgf "uiiu pure uiiu Molicious in Candy. Palronh thi "Uodcm Dealer" H4ani CinltctUntry C., Kin., rtrtliW, 0W It was a strenuous game Sunday nt Central Point, not only for rllio players, but also for tho spectators, and tho Ceutrnl Point tontu outside of n fow bobblos played roal ball. Tho game wns won in tho first inuing, when a three-bagger by lleu seltuan, nu error by Koss on short, which gave Miles life nt first from where ho promptly stole second, and n hit by Isnacs brought Hcnsehnau in. Shorty scored on Wilkinson's hit. That mado two scores and threo hits. There wns nothing doing for Medford in tho ran lino until tho fourth frtuno when Colcmnn scored on mi error, n hit, i walk nnd another error. In the ninth another run enmo ncross, making four nil. Central Point also scored in the first by n hit by Sanderson. Stono man's snerifico and Hopkins' three bagger. It was curtains nfter that for tho C. P. team. In Lux tho Central Point team has a strong pitcher ami .Marshall bohind the bat is showing up well. Hop kins on first is ns good us tho best of them. Tho infield could bo helped somo with practice. Tho trouble is that tho bovs nro a littlo bit too anxious nnd make fumbles which should not occur. Hetiselmnti wns spiked in tho sixth in a mbcup nt third nnd retired. Burko went from catcher to third, while Music put on tho mask nnd pro tector. Tko fans are particularly ravenous nt the Point, kit thoy couldn't out root the bunch that enmo down from Medford. Strain is gotting stronger at that second bag nud besides ho is wallop ing tho ball. Did you notice that two-sackor Blnckington got? Coleman mado half ns many hits yesterday as tho Central Point team made off his delivery, one single nnd a two-snekcr. The score by innings: Medford Runs 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 -1 Hits 3 11110 0 0 330 m u W BrF '" A rwJ Complete House Furnishers We Save You Money. You are invited to call Temporary location next Wash ington School, West Main and Laurel St Phone Main 1451. Central Point Runs ....10000000 01 Hits 2 10 0 10 0 0 1 Q Summary : R. II. K. Medford ..-I Central Point 1 Buttorios Colomnn nud Music, Lux nnd Marshall. 10 1 r -i Heehf, their footing in n now laud without fiuniioial assistance. "So wo hnvo tho extraordinary sit nation of n British colony, won by British blood, protected by Uritish anus and ships, financed by British money and dovoloped to a groat ex tent by British toil, closed to Britbb emigration." At Jacksonville Grants Pass won 0 to G. BRITISH LABOR BARRED FROM GOING TO CANADA LONDON", Mny 23. An appenl ou behalf of London labor organizations and others interested in tho solution of tho English problom of tho unem ployed has been mado to tho colonial offices to sco whether concession!) cannot bo secured from Canada in tho lattor's battle against "assisted immigration." Cnnndn's now rulo rofuses ndmis sion to nil assisted emigrants who do not go out as farm laborers or in somo exclusively ngrriculturnl capac ity. Tho London Star declares tlm: the real purpose of tho rulo is to lirr from Cnnnda British artisans. "Not many British workingmen," it says, ".can crosB tho Atlantic nud find OLD EMPLOYE OF CHICAGO P0ST0FFICE ARRESTED CHICAGO, Ills., May 23. Albort C. Gordon, a mail carrier, who has boon connected with tho Chicago of fice for seven yonm is under arrest on suspicion of robbing tho mails. According to PoHtoffico Inspector Stewart, who ordered his arrest, Gor don has coufossed. Tho nllegodd robberies covered a joriod of four years. Tho disappearance of reg istered lottors canned an investiga tion nud ended in Gordon's arrest. BRIDE OF THREE MONTHS PROBABLY FATALLY SHOT LOS ANGKLES, Cnl.. May 23. Mrs. George Figuerea, bride of three months, is in tho Santa Monica hos pital today probably fatally wound ed. Neighbors who heard a shot m tho Fiirueroa homo shortly before : -zc. midnight, summoned a polleom.in, who found tho woman lying nt t.iu foot of hor bod with a bullet wound in her head. George Figuerea, hor husband, was taken into custody. According to the officers ho rufuned to mako n statement oxcopt to doclnro that ho know nothing of tho affair. Tho po lice rao looking for n man who was reported to have been scon near the placo nt tho time of tho tiliooting. m:i)uci:i) iiatks I'-on aviation" MKICT. Tho Southern Pacific company has announced a rate of a faro and a third for round trip, points Roaoburg to Anlhnnd, for tho aviation moot to bo hold hero Mny 27, 38 and 20. Tick ets returning good up to nnd Includ ing May 30. NOTION TO HTOCKHOIilMCItH. Notlco Is hereby glvon that tho annual mooting of stockholders of tho Pacific nnd Knstorn Rnllwny will bo hold at tho office of tho company, in Medford, Oregon, on Monday, Juno G, 1010, nt 10 o'clock a. in. Hy ordor of tho Proaldont. O. P. IIUMPIIRI3Y, Socrotnry. HnHkiiiH for Honlth. EAGLES HOLD BANQUET The local F. O. E. will hold a big banquet on Thursday evening, at their hall. All Eagles are cordially invited to be present. The Pasadena of Oregon t v .1 I f People of refinement; people with moans; ro tired business men; professional men; college and university graduates, are coming to the Rogue River Valley by tho score. Within the past two years almost a hundred Chicago and Evanston, Illinois, pcoplo have ' purchased homes near Mcdofrd, and nearly every one of them has a friend or two whom they hope to induce to come and locate in tho valley. New York, Philadelphia, Boston and many othor eastern cities are almost if not quite as well represented, while St. Paul and Minneapolis have moro representatives here than any other several cities combined. Think these statements over and get your thinker going. Write to the undersigned or the Medford Commercial Club for detailed informtaion about tho country, and you will never have cause to regret it. Bearing Orchards Near Medford Most of the producing orchards have beon held In largo holdings until recently. few weeks ago tho Eden Valloy Orchard, containing 605 acres, was placed on the L, , jnarkot in any desired acreage. We have boon authorized to offer the bearing apples and pears for sale, and if you kiior anything abwt t) country and want a desirable block of bearing trees, write or come soon. During the past week over $150,000 worth of tho proporty has been disposed of. It is located within two miles of Medford at an elevation of about 100 foot abovo the city and is one of tho best kept orchards in the world. Parts of tho orchard offered for sale have paid tho owner over $600 por acre per year for four years straight. Do not come unless you aro prepared to stay, for just so sure as you do come the com bination of fat soil, grandeur of scenic beauty and Italian climate will stoal you, body and soul. After one visit horo you will bo miserable any othor placo on earth. John D. Olwell 5 t EXHIBIT BUILDING MEDFORD, OREGON '.!i:,''Jteuk':,t'JA.i. u - ., j hai