MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON, FRIDAY, MAY 20, 19.10.
WET 40,000 ACRES
ON J60E RIVER
Eastern Capital Plans to Store
Water In Rich Fruit Section Fred
J. Blakclcy Is Head of Company.
PEAR BLIGHT AND ITS CONTROL
UPON THE PACIFIC COAST
This is tho Eleventh of a Scries of Articles That Will Be Printed Dally
Until Subject Is Completed Every Orchardist in the West Should
Save These Issues for Future Reference, as They Contain Valu
able Information.
' .&
1
1
By rnOFESSOK O'GARA,
Assistant Pathologist United States
Dopartmont of Agrlcuturo. Writ
ten especially (or tho Medford Mall
Tribune Copyright, 1910, by tho
Medford Mall Tribune.
(Continued from Thursday, May 19.)
Priming in Vnso Form.
Tho whole subject of pruning Is
such a longthr ono that it can scarce
ly bo gono lato in full detail. How
ever, tho vase-formed treo headed
low and with tho main branches
shortened in to IS inches or less, Is
decidedly the most desirable form to
grow a tree. Up to tho third yoar
tho main forks or leaders should bo
shortened in so as to raako a treo
with sturdy frame-work, and'at tho
oamo time keep it down lov so ns to
too accessible for spraying, picking
truit, etc. It tho water Bprouts aro
kept off the body and main limbs,
and it lateral fruit branches aro de
veloped within tho fruiting area, the
most desirable form of tioo will bo
produced for controlling tho blight. A
treo pruned to this form, oven if m
lee ted, haa Its blossoms well away
trom tho vulnerable parts of tho treo;
namely, tho body and frame-work.
Tho tall pyramid with a slnglo main
leader and with Its long bn nches cov
rod with fruit spurs and water
sprouts makes tho work of fighting
pear blight a difficult one. It is hard
to get Into tho top of tho treo with
this closed center to ilad out what Is
going on, and, besides, tho fruit spurs
and water sprouts being close to the
tody as well aa upon It, readily carry
tho blight in, usually resulting In tho
entire loss of tho main portion, If not
tho entire tree. Ono only needs look
around the valley where the pyra
midal or central leader type 13 grown,
and It will lo seen that an Infection
on the body resulting in a girdling
of It necessitates tho removal of tho
entire center above tho point of In
fection; thus removing pn.ctically the
"heart of tho tree's growth. Any of
tho limbs left below tho point of In
fection are UBually long and slender,
and, besides, are usually poorly plac
ed to form a good treo of any sort
thereafter. The prevailing typo of
Uartlett treo in California Is very near
tho desirable form; however, in many
-cases, after heading back the trees,
they have been allowed to grow three
or four years and then reheaded sev
eral feet from the crown, sometimes
as high as 15 feet, resulting In a two
story pear tree. In very few cases
has there, been any attempt to keep
tho fruit off the main frame-work
hranches, and to keep the water
sprouts and fruit spurs from the bod
ies and roots. Thero has been no
special occasion for forking at the
frame-work, since at the time the
trees were beinjj formed pear blicht
jiaa noi maae us entrance nuo me
California orchards. Among man
growers, especially those of tho old
school, in the Rogue IMver valley, wo
find that there is a tendency to adhere
to tho pyramid form of tree In practi
cally all varieties grown, oven the
Hartlett. We readily understand why
ithis has been tho case, because tho
Tioneor fruit growers In tho valley
recognized only this form of tree as
telng, perhaps, tho easiest to pruno
and undoubtedly tho easiest to keep
from breaking down when heavily
loaded with fruit. Thoir weak at
tempts at forming tho open-headed
treo were failures becauso during the
first two or three years' erowth they
failed to shorten In enough. Even to--day
this Is tho common o:ror, and it
would be better to shorten In six
Inches than to lengthen to 18 Inches.
Now that pear blight has como Into
tho valley, this method of pruning,
or forming tho treo by maintaining a
central leader, will have to bo alter
ed. I know of perhaps 500 or 000
trees that have been wholly lost on
account of this stylo of growth, that
is to say, practically tho ontlro bear
ing portion of tho trees had to bo tak
m out on account of blight girdling
tho leader. In many young orchards
which havo been planted within tho
' past two or three years, the growers
rare changing them into tho vase or
opon-head form, recognizing the great
difficulty In saving tho other typo of
tree should blight becomo serious. In
tho larger trees it Is a rather difficult
thing to change them ovor Into tho
vaso form, but In every case whoro
Wight has seriously d.tmaged such
troes tho resultant treo, of necessity,
becomes vaso formed when the blight
Is cut out.
Sevoro piunlng, though In most
cases, of, courso, giving good results In
stimulating vigorous twig growth and
fruit production, tonds also to result
In moro eorloua attacks of the blight.
Everyone knows that tho moro ilgor
ous tho winter pruning tho moro lux
urlant tho twig growth during tho
following season. Tho result always
Is thnt every dormant bud teuds to
push and, being very tender and Bap-
ny. easily becomes Infected and blight
badly. On tho other hand, as soon as
tho trees como Into bearing summor
pruning If properly practiced will re
sult In a moro normal vegotatlvo con
dition and tho tendency to set fruit
will bo correspondingly creator. A
very heavy set of fruit, othor factors
bolng equal, always tends to keep
down oxcesslvo vigor; -and this Is usu
ally a good thing undor Pacific coast
conditions, whom tho growing season
Is long as compared with eastern
conditions.
Cultivation, Fertilization, Irrigation.
Cultivation, fertilization and Irri
gation aro three very important fac
tors to bo considered In connection
with tho control of pear blight. I
shall tako these up separately with
only ns much detail as will mako tho
text plain. Thorough cultivation Is
more essential, especially from south
ern Oregon southward on tho Pacific
coast, than In tho east, for tho reason
that rainfall Is not only much less, but
from tho spring of tho year until
autumn tho season is practically with
out precipitation. In districts whoro
irrigation Is practiced, cultivation Is
Just as necessary. In the east It la
not an uncommon practice to permit
pear and apple orchards to grow In
sod when It is evident that tho blight
Is getting beyond control. Everyone
knows that lack of cultivation Induces
surface evaporation from tho soil, and
trees aro thus mado to grow more
slowly because of lack of moisture,
and hence, even very susceptible va
rieties of pears and apples do not
blight badly because tho vegetative
vigor Is lacking. Tho necessity for
cultivation as well a3 the method to
bo used varies so greatly In tho Pa
cific coast orchards that it Is impos
sible to make any general rule. Each
soil typo requires different treatment
to tho end that soil moisture bo re
tained during the growing season of
the trees. Somo of the moist deep
soIIb In tho Sacramento River dis
tricts and porhaps In a few spots in
tho Rocue River valley retain their
I moisture so well that pears get along
very well for a year or so without
cultivation. On tho other hand, prac
tically all of tho lands In these dis
tricts neod thorough cultivation to
bring them up to anything like nor
mal and to mature full crops.
Uso of Fertilizers.
The matter of fertilization Is an im
portant ono, especially where largo
crops have been taken for several
successlvo years from an orchard.
However, It Is known that nitrogen
ous fertilizers, such as stable manure.
as well as commercial fertilizers con
taining largo amounts of readily avail
able nitrates, tend to produce luxu
riant growth, and henco trees so stim
ulated blight more seriously than
those not fertilized. Fertilizer must
be used, but It should bo used in
moderate amounts. There Is no ad
vantage In using an excess of pbtash
to make tho trees moro hardy and
thus more resistant to blight. Tho
fondest hopes of somo would bo ex
perimenter havo been blasted by try
ing to prevent blight Injury through
the uso of potash in the furm of mu
riate and sulphate. It Is tho samo old
story, tho blight must bo controlled
by having no holdovers present dur
ing tho infection period. I havo seen
largo commercial orchards practically
ruined in ono year whore potash was
used as a preventive against blight,
so avoid using It for any' other pur
poso than adding fertility to tho soil.
TO SEPARATE BOYS AND
GIRLS IN CLASSROOMS
SPOKANE, Wash., May 20. The
boys, and girls of South Central high
school may bo separated in their
class work and their recreation next
year, according to plans now being
discussed by tho faculty and tho
board of education. Tho change, if
found succossful, may later bo adopt
ed in tho north sido high school, nnd
possibly in tho grammar schools.
Mayor Is Fined for Spitting.
MEMPHIS, Tenn., May 20.
Mayor Edward H. Crump was ar-
Tested, charged with expectorating
on tho tiled floor of the now $2,000,-
000 courthouse and was fined $5.
Medford, Oregen: This certifies
that we have sold Hall's Texas Won
der for tho euro of all kidney, blad-
dor and rheumatic troubles for ten
years, nnd havo novor had n com
plaint. It gives quick nnd permanent
eliof. Sixty days' treatment in each
bottlo. Medford Pharmnoy. tf
Ilaskins fey Health.
GRANTS PASS. Or., May 20. P.
J. Dlnkcloy of liosoburg is backed by
largo eastorn capital in n project to
build n storago reservoir at tho head
of the Applegate river to irrigate tho
I valley in tho vicinity of Grants Pass
jby a gravity system. Mr. Mnkoloy
uas inKen mo prumuiuurj oivi
toward the organization of an iriign
tion district, petitions for thut pur
poso being circulated nnd signed bv
n considerable number of pooplo. It
is tho claim of Sir. Blnkoley nnd his
associates that sufficient wnlor can
bo gathered at tho head of the Apple
gale to cover 40,000 aores of laud,
and the topography of the country is
such as to make a large storago res
ervoir foasiblo and without any great
engineering difficulties.
Tho coming of irrigation from
somo sourco is ns certain ns the sun
rise. Tho values of fruit lands are
constantly being advanced by tho
demands of newcomers.
Whntever plan of development is
adopted by tho local irrigation com
pnny, if it goes through ns project
ed it will mean much to the city and
vicinity,' for it will put a largo
amount of cash into circulation, to
say nothing of tho appreciation of
tho hind nnd the incrensed attract
iveness of tho region for investors
MOUCHERS ARE MOVED
BY LOCAL POLICEMEN
Tho police forco have been busy
during (he past few days looking up
nnd giving marching orders to n
numbor of fellows who havo been ac
cumulating tho wherewithal to pro
cure food and drink principally
drink by tho simple process of ask
ing somo easy-looking mark for the
prico of a meal.
Wednesday a couplo of the gentry
wero oscorted to the city limits nnd
this morning two moro wero given
tho "high ball." Besides, thero nro
several others who havo been notified
thnt somo othor town would be n
more congenial habitat.
Tho polico forco is making every
effort to keco down lawlessness and
have succeeded very well, consider
ing tho small forco and tho influx
of undesirables drawn hero by the
activity in tho labor markot. Whoro
over unskilled labor is in demand tho
harpies who proy upon that class of
people nro to be found, and Sfedford
is fortunate in being practically ex
empt from their presence
MAN LOSES HIS FORTUNE
WHEN HIS SHOP BURNS
ASOTIN, Wash., May 20. When
Philliman Ramsdalo lost his black
smith shop in a fire Monday night he
also lost his fortune. Tho smithy
had over $500 hidden in a keg partly
filled with nails and scrapiron, pre
ferring to leavo lis money hidden
rather than trast it to a bank. The
heat of tho firo melted tho gold and
iron together, and when Ramsdalo
found his hoard today it presented n
sorry sight. Tho blacksmith is now
looking for a friendly smeltcrman to
return his savings to' him.
Strike Ends.
BETHLEHEM, Pn May 20. The
strike of tho laborers in tho Bethle
hem steel plant, declnred May 4, has
been ended.
Modern Sweets
Make
Wolcomo
Treats
Tht llodtrn Sent it (A
(JuaranUt of I'urt and
WlnUiome
Candy
L Patronize the "Modern Dealer"
Mo4ni CtnlKtlwitry Cfc, Mfr., Ptrt!u4, Ortpa
Notice
Tho old established Medford
Bakery and Delicatessen havo
again resumed business with
now mon, better Goods, prompt
sorvlco. Everything up-to-date.
Our motto is to pleaso our pat
rons. Give us n trial. Re
spectfully, A. F. RANKING & Co.
SOUTH CENTRAL AVE.
PHONE MAIN 2202.
"QV
vcRct575i
HkSEBM
JifroffA fi'iJJ'.'JI'.'fi
All win
Go-Carts
Complete witfi Top
$7.50
U
Married Three Sisters.
LEBANON, Pa., May 20. Mrs.
Nancy Neal, 82 yoars old, whoso
husband died sovcral years ago, is
dead. Sho was tho third sister who
married Neal. Tho oldest sister, to
whom Neal was engaged, died, and
yrT-wjl'mim'gO
SAVOY THEATRE
The Apex of Picturedom
TONIGHT
THE RANGER'S BRIDE Roaring western
comedy.
A FAMILY QUARREL Ripping farce.
PALL OF BABYLON Historical.
THROUGH SHADOW TO SUNSHINE Tense
drama.
ORCHESTRAL MUSIC
COZY COOL
One Dime ' No
Medford Iron WorRs
E. E. TROWBRIDGE, Proprietor.
FOUNDRY AND MACHINIST
All kinds of Engines, Spraying Outfits, Pumps,
Boilers and Machinery. Agents in Southern Ore
gon for FAIRBANKS, MORSE & CO.
Complete House Furnishers
Grass
Rugs
A largo assortment in all
situs, most dusirahlo color
combinations, including tmw,
greens, etc., with or without
borders.
Grass Carpets
and
Stair Runners
A most dvsimblo floor covering for
hulls, stairs, offices, etc.
Porch Shades
A moso select lino greens, tans, browns.
We Give Each Delivery Our Personal
WE INVITE YOU TO INSPECT OUR LINES AT THE TENT STORE ON WEST MAIN STREET.
IT WILL PAY YOU TO SEE US BEFORE YOU BUY.
PHONE MAIM 1451. COR. WEST MAIN AND LAUREL STREETS, NEXT WASHINGTON SCHOOL.
ho then married tho next oldest. Shu
died nnd ho married hor widowed
sister, and nt hor death ho married
tho youngest, who had already been
married twice.
Ilankins for Honlth.
More One Dime I
Linoleum
A soled line of printed . mid inlnid
patterns.
PAY US A VISIT AND
SEE OUR DISPLAY
FURNITURE
A compluto assortment of Eunmel
Bods, in all patterns and sires.
New Lace
Curtains,
Materials,
Etc.
1
A WINNER.
Pure While Flour
Is certainly a winner. After using it for years in
our own bakery wo did not hesitate to rccoimnond
it to our trade Tho INCREASED SALES aro proof
that it is a winner.
Wonderfully Good
Is sold exclusively by us. Wo feel that once .you
know how wonderfully good it really is that you will
always uso it.
Golden Gate Coffee
ALIEN &
Cor. Main and
f
SUBSTAN
TIAL SAVING
CAN BE
MADE BY
DEALING
WITH US
Attention
Graduation
Presents
A Fine Collection
MARTIN J. REDDY
Tho Jeweler
NEAR THE POSTOFFICE.
X'X?f&
REAGAN
Central Ave.