SUPPLEMENT TO
TOM
.TF1I3EJL3D)
LEXINGTON, OREGON, THURSDAY, JUNE 14, 1906
THE CODE OF HONOR.
BuIIbc u It Waa la Fraa ee la tha
Time af RleheUea.
The passion for dueling, which had
cost France, it was said, between
7,000 and 8,000 lives during the twenty
years of Henry IV.'s reign, was at its
height when his son came to the
throne. The council of Trent in 1545
-bad solemnly condemned the practice
of single combat, Impartially includ
ing principals, seconds and spectators
la its penalty of excommunication. Ia
3002 an edict of Henry pronounced the
"damnable custom of dueling intro
duced by the corruption of the cen
tury" te be the cause of so many pite
ous accidents, to the extreme regret
mud displeasure of the king and to the
Irreparable damage of the state, "that
are should count ourselves unworthy
to bold the scepter if we delayed to
repress the enormity df this crime."
A whole series of edicts followed to
the same effect, but it was easier to
make 'edicts than : to enforce - them.
Degradation, imprisonment, confisca
tion of property, loss of civil rights
and death were the penalties attached
to the infringement of the laws against
dueling, and still the practice pre
vailed. In 1628 Richelieu published a
milder form of prohibition. The first
offense was no longer capital, a third
only of the offender's property was to
be confiscated, and the Judges were
permitted to recognize extenuating cir
cumstances. A few months later the Comte de
Bouteville thought fit to test the min
ister's -patience in this direction. The
Place Boyale had long been a favorite
dueling ground, and De Bouteville
. traveled tfrom Brussels to? fight - his -
twenty-second duel here, in the heart
of Paris, in deliberate defiance of the
king's authority. The result was not
encouraging. Montmorency though he
".was, the count went with his second
to the scaffold, and the marked de
crease from that time in the number
of duels may be attributed either to
the moderation used in framing the
law or to the Inexorable resolution
with which it was enforced. Macmil
lan's Magazine.
RUSSIAN PROVERBS.
Roguery is the last of trades.
Without cheating,, no trading.
Every fox praises his own talL
A debt is adorned by payment.
A good beginning is half the work.
Every little frog is great in bis own
bog.
Trust in God, but do not stumble
yourself. -
Go after two wolves and you will not
catch even one.
If God doesn't forsake us, the pig
will not take us.
The deeper you hide anything the
ooner you find it.
Be praised not for your ancestors,
but for your virtues.
Send a pig to dinner and be will put
ttls feet on the table.
Dr. Helmee Re ea a.
When The Last Leaf" was publish-
t rtn-ar Wendell Holmes a critic
attacked it savagely and cruelly. Dr.fij Jioggad and sent home to his own
TTiim thonrfi Imnortnned by friends. I parish. In this way as many as a
Holmes, though. Importuned by friends.
4id nothing In revenge. He waited for
: time- to avenge him, i which time did
liberally. The critic fell upon evil
days and ended his existence with sui
cide. The only morceau of personal
revenge which the good doctor allowed
himself was to cut out the paragraph
about his enemy's career and paste
Jt In his scrapbook on the same page
.which contained the original criticism
and the announcements of the succes
sive editions of the poem. This was a
mild revenge, but even this was un
worthy of Dr. Holmes.
Seemed to Have Him Cornered.
The teacher was discoursing to the
class on the wonders of nature. "Take
the familiar illustration of the sting of
a wasp," he said, "as compared with
the. finest needle. When examined
through a microscope the sting is still
sharp, smooth and polished, while the
needle appears blunt and rough.
"It Is so with everything. The works
of nature are Infinitely superior to
those of art Try how we may, we
cannot improve on nature."
"It isn't so with my eyes, teacher,"
aid a little girl In the class.
"Why, how is that, Nellie?" he asked.
" 'Cause nature made me cross eyed."
she said, "and the doctors fixed my
eyes all right"
Braiem Thefta.
During the South African war an im
mense stone monument was removed
at Cape Town during the night, and no
one knows to this day by whom or why
It was taken. Some years ago, in broad
daylight, a clever and bold gang of
thieves carried off a valuable fountain
fourteen feet high from Uxbridge wlth
ont exciting the suspicions of any one
and quite recently an omnibus was
calmly removed, horses and all, while
standing unguarded outside a public
house In London and has never been
seen or heard of since. It would seem.
Indeed, that It Is. often far easier to
steal a big thing than a little one-
London Telegraph.
Plaela Him.
"Young man," began the dignified
gentleman in black dress, "have you
fully considered the future? Have yoo
made provisions for the hereafter? Ia
It not time"
"Pardon me one moment, please, but
are you a minister or a life Insurance:
agent?" Milwaukee Sentinel.
Safer.
Patience It's a very bad sign to tum
ble upstairs. Patrice Even bo, I'd
rather do that than tumble downstair
Yonkers Statesman.
HAND GRENADES.
ft Require Nerve to I7aa The:
aa taa
Balararlaaa Da.
Reginald Wyon in his book on The
Balkans From Within" writes from
the interior of a blockhouse on the
Turko-Bulgarian frontier: "We are
shown captured bombs, heavy cylin
ders used for blowing up buildings and
the dreaded hand grenade, whose short
fuse is calmly lighted by a burning
cigarette and hurled among the attack
ing Turks. A man must indeed have
nerves of iron to do this deed. Picture
a devoted bandful of men surrounded
by an overwhelming force of Turks,
slowly but surely drawing nearer.
Now they are a hundred yards away.
fifty yards luckily they shoot abom
inably but It -is too far to put tne
weight with effect.
"They must wait, though here and
there a bullet fired at random thins
out the little band. A rush now. See!
One coolly lights the fuse and quickly
burls it at tne foe. - He must make no
mistake, his aim must be correct and
bis arm strong. A slip at the moment
of throwing means his and bis, com
rades' lives instead of the Turks', for
the fuse is very short. But he has
thrown It well. The Turks see it com
ing and bait in blind fear.
"A deafening crash, screams and
yells of anguish, and the Turks break
and run, shot down by the triumphant
Insurgents. Down into the valleys
they fly to the nearest village, where
their officers, anxious to save them
selves a semblance of authority, order
its massacre and pillage. And the next
day we read of the extermination of
another band." -
CROWS HELP FOX HUNTERS
Thar Fallaw taa Alert Blraa Whea
Bernard tu RoaaUa.
For some reason crows have seated
and mortal antipathy to foxes. As
crows build their nests in trees, where
no fox can climb, and as an adult crow
can escape from any fox by flying, we
cannot understand why all crows seek
to harass and destroy every fox they
see. But we know this to be a fact, as
we have watched the performances of
crows when foxes were near many
times.
We have seen crows watch for run
ning foxes on such occasions for hours
at a time, and as soon as a fox emerg
ed from the thick woods and let a crow
get a glimpse of its body every bird
would hover over the running beast
and peck at It and scold it and show
marked evidence of a bitter hatred.
Several fox hunters whom we know
make a practice of following the alert
crows when the foxes " are roaming
across back lots, claiming that the
birds are fully as reliable as hounds
and less trouble to maintain. Bangor
News. '
Taa Trama.
The curse of the man who will not
work has always been with us. In
Henry VIII.'s reign he was not allow
ed to beg the bread that belonged to
honest folk, for a statute was made
by which the old and impotent were
granted licenses to beg, and any one
found begging without one was sound'
hundred la one day in Kiizabetn s
time were, sent, ''back -to-.the. land.".
The begging license seems to work
well enough abroad, where the row of
authorized beggars Is a familiar sight
outside every church and where the
bait and maimed are seldom seen any
where else. The rise of the vagrant in
England no doubt took place after the
destruction of the monasteries and be
fore any other relief giving body took
their place. London Chronicle.
He Harm Done.
The customer at the five cent lunch
counter, with some exertion, had dug a
spoonful from the contents of the side
dish.
"Waiter," he said, "this tastes differ
ent somehow from the mashed potatoes
I usually get here."
"It Is different," said the waiter. In
specting it "It's the chunk of putty
for a broken window pane that the old
man has been making a fuss about for
the last ten minutes. He'll be glad to
get it back. Thanks." Chicago Trib
une. The Origin of a Familiar Sarin.
When Aurelius Paulus, the Roman
consul, desired a divorce from his wife
some friends reasoning with him asked:
"Is she not beautiful and virtuous and
of noble family and great wealth?
What fault, then, can you find with
her?"
And the consul stooped down, unfas
tened his shoe and, showing it to them,
answered: "Is it not of fine material?
Is It not well made? Does It not ap
pear to fit excellently? Yet none of you
knows where It pinches me." '
Mllton'a Work.
. Milton regarded the "Paradise Re
gained" as Infinitely superior to the
"Paradise Lost" and once expressed
great surprise that any one should en
tertain a contrary opinion. He said
that of all his works the poem "On the
Morning of Christ's Nativity" was his
best It was his earliest, being written
in 1629, when he was twenty-one years
of age.
UtlipaUU.
Mabel But, papa, I know that he
must have money. He doesn't attempt
to conceal It. Papa That settles it He
hasn't any.
Treaale.
The fellow who "borrows trouble"
always has on band enough to start a
gloom factory. Try lendlsg it for
awhile.
Patience Is the rapport of weakness;
Impatience Is the ruin of strength -Cotton,
A HISTORIC JOURNEY
CAESAR RODNEY'S GREAT HORSE
BACK RIDE IN 1776.
How
taa Declaratloa of Independ
ence Waa Saved hr a Vote la the
Session of the Provisional Conreaa
la Philadelphia.
It happened on that famous Fourth
Of July, 1776, the day on which the
American colonies were declared free
and independent states. If Caesar Rod
ney had not made bis historic ride there
might not have been any free America
today.
The provisional congress was In ses
sion at Philadelphia, each of the thir
teen colonies having representatives
there. It was a great congress, and a
momentous question was before the
distinguished body. The great charter
of our freedom had been written by
Jefferson, and Benjamin Harrison, fa
ther and great-grandfather of presi
dents, had presented it to congress on
Monday, Julj 1. What would the Con
tinental congress do?
In order that our country should be
free and Independent the declaration
must be adopted. This could be done if
only the colonies were divided, and
there were some good men who did not
believe it best to take this step at this
time. Four of the seven delegates of
Pennslyvanla were opposed to It, and.
of the two Delaware delegates present,
Thomas McKean was in favor of inde
pendence, but George Read was op
posed to the measure. Caesar Rodney,
the other member, was In the southern
part of his state in -he capacity of a
brigadier general, organizing and drill
ing troops for the coming struggle.
Two of the opposing Pennsylvania
delegates -were persuaded - to absent
themselves, and thus the Keystone
State would favor the declaration, but
the vote of Caesar Rodney was neces
sary to carry the state of Delaware.
A messenger was dispatched in hot
haste to summon him to Philadelphia,
and then for four days the "patriots
of T6" talked and maneuvered to de
lay the final vote. On Thursday, July
4, congress was to vote on the mo
mentous question.
On the afternoon of the 3d the
messenger found Caesar Rodney In
Sussex county, more than eighty miles
from Philadelphia. General Rodney
was at that time forty-six years old.
with a tall, lean, worn figure, his face
scarred by a cancer that was finally
to cause his death. The brave patriot
did not hesitate. "Saddle the blaekr
he commanded, and in ten minutes he
had mounted his faithful steed and
waa irallonina- as If for life to the
northward.
Eighty miles away from congress.
which was waiting for him to declare
the independence of the colonies. The
thought caused him to drive his spurs
deep into his horse's flanks and sent
him flying along the long, dusty high
way that stretched away toward the
Quaker City. It was one of the great
rides of history. That black steea
bore the destinies of America, and his
rider knew it, and there was neither
halt nor delay. -
The sun went down, and the stars
came out one by one in the blue vault
fof heaven, and that solitary rider rush
ed on his way. All through the cool
summer night Caesar Rodney kept up
his reckless pace.
The stars faded out of the morning
sky, and the sun came uped and fiery,
the herald of a sultry day. And still
Caesar Rodney kept on his way. He
was vet many miles from Philadelphia.
His horse was Jaded, and he was travel
worn and covered with dust, but the
patriot did not slacken his rein. He
must be there to vote for the independ
ence of America. And he was there.
All that hot, sweltering July day the
delegates of the colonial congress were
talking and voting in Independence
hall. The session had begun. The pres
ident, John Hancock, was in the chair,
and the clerk, John Dickinson, was
calling the colonies one by one. Vir
ginia had voted and Massachusetts and
the great state of New York and the
little state of Rhode Island, and now
New Jersey was voting, and Caesar
Rodney had not come.
Anxious and worried, Thomas Me- j
Kean went out to the door of Inde-1
pendence hall. Would his friend and
compatriot be too late? His face
brightened as he heard the sound ol
hurrying hoof beats coming up Chest
nut street A foaming, panting steed
dashed into the yard. Its dusty rider
leaped to the ground. Booted and spur
red and the dust of his long ride thick
on his long flapped coat and iron gray
hair, Caesar Rodney entered the hall of
congress leaning on his friend Mc
Kean's arm.
He was Just in time. The vote of
Delaware was being called. George
Read voted "Nay." "Aye!" called the
clear voice of Thomas McKean. It was
a tie. All eyes turned to Caesar Rod
ney. The famous rider cleared his
throat and many a patriot heart beat J
with pride as ne aeciarea in nrm tone:
"The voice of my constituents and of
all sensible and honest men, I believe,
is in favor of independence, and my
own judgment concurs wnn went;
therefore I vote for the Declaration."
And so Caesar Rodney by his famous
ride and by his noble vote helped to
settle the question of Independence and
Insured the future celebrations of the
Fourth of July.
n a nn.
Doctor-You must take a quarter of
an hour's walk before every meal.
Stout Patient But doctor, you surely
don't want me to walk all day long!
Fllegende Blatter.
' Affection soothes, it hallows, elevates,
subdues sod bringeth down to earth
Its native heaven. Landoa.
SUGAR BEETS.
Brrta'atloa Methods Near Koefcy Ford.
Colo., la ISO.
Beets more than any other crop de
pend on constant care and cultivation
for their tonnage and sugar content,
and methods of Irrigation have more
Influence on the value of the crop than
Is the case with any other crop, says A
E. Wright in discussing their irrigation
as practiced near Roeky Ford, Colo. The
first irrigation for beets is to bring up
the seed. The Ideal method is to wet
the ground thoroughly during the win
ter or in the early spring before plow
ing. If irrigated after plowing, the soli
must be well harrowed before the seed
Is drilled in. Many of the best fields
noticed were planted ia this way in the
last days of March and came up in two
weeks, giving almost a 100 per cent
stand of beets- Several of these fields
received no further moisture aside from
rain (five Inches in April, May and
June) until the last of June. At that
time they were larger and more promis
ing than most of the later plantings.
No case of replanting on account of too
early seeding was observed. One ad
vantage of winter irrigation for beets
which would be much more important
In average years than in 1004 is that
water is in less demand then than dur
ing the growing season, and a large
saving of water is thus effected. But
the main advantage is probably the
greater ease with which a good stand
of beets is obtained, for it avoids all
the difficulties of "Irrigating to bring up
the beets." '
Plaatlaej aad Caltl-atla-.
As to the practice In planting and
cultivating, W. K. Wlnterhalter, man
ager of a sugar factory,' say 8: The best
drills are now equipped with cultivatoi
shovels, making furrows between the
seed rows at. the same time that the
seed Is planted: Harrowing to break
the crust before the seed is well germi
nated should always be done crosswise
and not in the same direction in which
the seed is planted, as there is dangei
of pulling outji number of plants if a
harrow tooth follows a seed row foi
even a short distance. When the seed
Is well germinated and a crust forme
on account of rain or careless Irrigation
the spider attached to the cultivator Is
the only tool that will break the crust
without doing considerable damage to
the crop.
Catalaa Seed.
The crop of ,Catalpa speclosa seed
for 1905 was very short, many of the
best trees having no seed whatever.
The cause of this situation, which Is
the same to a less extent every year, is
that at the blossoming period for Ca
talna speciosa in the middle states
bees and other insects have not yet
become active, and the flowers fall to
become pollenlzed, while two weeks
later, when the Inferior varieties open,
the insects are abundant and pollen Is
carried from flower to flower in great
abundance. Severe rainstorms which
occurred In early spring also tended to
prevent complete fertilization of the
Catalpa speclosa.- Arboriculture.
Local Attachment.
Fowls are very fond of their homes
and dislike being removed to new lo
cations. If eggs are the object it Is
most important that birds should not
be moved from pen to pen, as It will
delay egg production and also diminish
the supply. . Pullets" for early laying
should if possible be brought up with
in sight of their future laying run or
pen. Home and Farm.
A TmrVtr Coop.
A turkey coop which has been used
with perfect satisfaction In Arapahoe
county, Colo., is described In American
Agriculturist as having several dis
tinct advantages over ordinary coops
It is built out of a large packing case.
At the top Is a ventilator. Suspended
by a cord is a drop door of close boards,
and beneath this Is an ordinary door
HANDY TUKKSX COOP.
partly of wire netting. Each is hinged
and can be opened Independently. On
cold nights ventilator and drop door
mav be closed, on ordinary nights the
ventilator opened, on hot ones both. In
warm weather the drop door suspended,
as shown in the cut forms a good
shade for the birds.
HERE AND THERE
Broken crackers, the refuse from the
ornrkpr factories, are" fed by several
successful noultrvmon. and the con
sumption Is Increasing annually.
must be remembered, however, that
the main nutriment In this instance is
starch.
As among a thousand human faces
no two are alike, so among an equal
number of horses none have hoofs ex
actly alike, a fact which has an lm
portant bearing in correct horseshoe
ing.
Much care should be taken in obtain
Ing the various kinds of grass an
a, . . . Mntn 1,1.
- Clover wwus, as uiew uiieu nmim"
Jurious" seeds of weeds that thus be
come widely scattered over the coun
try.
It is claimed by a New York farmer
that wlreworms will not live in ground
where buckwheat Is crown for two sea
sons and that potato land may be
cleared of these worms by growing
t buckwheat
I
Or i fin f the Mnelntrrea aad taa
Bloody Haad L(e-
My father, says a .writer In Black
wood's Magazine, bad no end of anec
dotes about our ancestors, parts of
which I remember, though I was only a
schoolroom child of under fourteen
when I heand him relating them. I
was, however, old enough to feel keen
ly interested in them. One story that
impressed me very much was related
to account for the origin of the Clan
Maclntyre. A party of Macdonells on
one occasion were out in a boat when
knot of wood sprang out, causing a
serious leak, whereupon one of the par
ty stuck In his finger to fill the hole
and then cut it off with his dirk, thus
saving the life of the . whole party.
From this circumstance his descend
ants were called the Maclntyres, or
sons of the carpenter.
Another story which I heard my fa
ther tell relates to the bloody hand
which appears in our coat of arms. A
doubt having arisen as to which of two
brothers a certain estate belonged, it
was agreed that he whose flesh and
blood should first touch the property
was to be regarded as the rightful own
er. Accordingly the two young men
started in two boats for the land In
question. One of them, seeing that he
was losing the race, when near the
shore pulled out his dirk, cut off his
hand and threw it on land, thus estab
lishing his right to the property, as his
flesh and blood bad touched It first
SLAVERY IN ENGLAND.
a 1773 It Waa That the Coarta De-
- e la red It to Bo IMea-1. ,,
In 1772 slavery was declared by the
Judges to be contrary to the law of
England. But during the years Im
mediately preceding this date slaves
were commonly sold In England. In
the previous year a Birmingham paper
advertised for. sale "a negro boy.
sound, healthy and of mild disposi
tion," while in the same year another
paper records (and condemns) the sale
short time previously at Richmond
of a negro boy for 32. This is be
lieved to have been the Inst actual sale
of a slave that took place in England.
White slavery was very common In
the English colonies In the seventeenth
century. Cromwell seized Irish boys.
girls and women "by the thousand"
and "sold them In the slave markets
of Barbados," as may be seen in num
berless places.in the state papers of the
period. He treated some of his royalist
opponents in England and Scotland In
the same way. A similar fate befell
many of the supporters of Monmouth's
rebellion In the west of England. In
the latter case, as Macau lay tells us,
the ladles of the court including the
queen, made large profits on the sales.
London Standard.
Smith a Greek Cod.
In the grammar department of one of
our public schools the teacher, after
talking with, her class on the subject
of mythology, read to them as follows:
"Vulcan, smith, architect and chariot
builder for the gods of Mount Olym
pus, built their houses, constructed
their furniture," etc. The following
day the subject of the preceding day
waa given as a language lesson, and as
no mention was made of ulean tne
teacher asked the class who built the
houses for the gods of Mount Olym
pus. For awhile the children seemed
to be lost in deep thought when sud
denly a gleam of intelligence illumi
nated the face of one little girl, and
she replied:
"I can't think of his first name, but
his last name is Smith." Magazine of
Fun. ,
Seven Days Ia a Tear.
At the examination of pupils hi a
primary school the Inspector put ques
tions at random to the scholars. Among
the latter was a towheaded lad who on
being asked how many days there are
In a year answered, "Seven." When the
tittering of the rest of the class sub
sided the 1'jspector remarked: "I said
a "year, not a week. Nqiv, try again.
How many days are the In a year?'
The lad appeared nonplused and vex
ed" for a moment then ejaculated:
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs
day, Friday, Saturday, Sunday; Just
seven. If there's others I never heard
of 'ein.'VLondon Mail.
M ex lean Courtship.
A Mexican girl is courted by a
unique process. Her would be lover
walks up and down the street on the
opposite side and stares at her win
dow by the hour. If his appearance
is agreeable she appears at the window
after a few days of this performance.
When the acquaintance develops he is
Introduced to her papa, and after the
necessary marriage arrangements have
been made be Is Introduced to her. The
preliminary tramping and staring are
called "doing the bear." '
Goethe.
Goethe was pronounced "the hand
somest man of Europe." He was a lit
tle over six feet In height, but so well
proportioned that he did not seem till.
His features were of the Roman type,
his hair rather light than dark, his
whole appearance commanding. Even
to extreme old age he retained a large
share of the personal good looks that
earlier in life bad made blm so at
tractive. Women Moat Weep.
"You look discouraged." ,
"I am," answered the newly married
man. "I have done all fn my power to
make my wife happy. She can't find
anything at home to cry about so she
goes downtown and weeps over the
heroine at the matinee." Washington
Star.
Even the Hon has to defend himself
against files. German Proverb.
TWO SCOTCH STORIES.
IMPORTANCE of
DEHORNING
If cattle raisers and feeders could
hear the comment of buyers on the
market they would realize the impor
tance of dehorning. On more than one
slow market last year we have gone
into pens of horned cattle on which
buyers had absolutely refused to make
a decent bid. The feeder buyer wants
hornless steers to save him the trouble
and possible loss of 'dehorning them. If
they are not hornless be makes a bid
low enough to allow him to take this
trouble and risk, and it Is hard to get
him to pay what the quality of the cat
tle should command.
Horned fat cattle are discriminated
against particularly by buyers whe
ship them away from the market point
but not Solely by them. The - local
slaughterer has learned to look foi
bruised carcasses from a load of horn
ed steers, and he naturally protects
himself in the price he pays for them.
The day of horns on cattle has gone
by so far as the markets are concerned.
They mean a loss of $25 to $50 a ear as
compared with dehorned or polled
heads, which should be argument
enough in favor of the dehorn er. Na
tional Stockman.
Ho ProSt Ia Scrah Cattle.
Scalpers who make a business of
buying and selling feeding cattle in the
big live stock markets of the country
report a radical change in demand dur
ing the last two years. They state that
feeders who formerly were content to
purchase steers of ordinary breeding in
thin flesh will not look at anything un
less it is well bred and good enough to
kill. A glance at the store cattle that
have been carried over from one week
to another In the Chicago live stock
market during recent months reveals
the fact that scrub feeder cattle must
be peddled out or sold to the big pack
ers for canning purposes. The fact
that the steer is in good condition when
offered for sale as a feeder convinces
the experienced flesher that he Is of
a Thrifty, flesh carrying disposition; I?
he is plain nryi emaciated, he Is imme
diately dubbed a hard keeper and
culled out of the drove.
The Pare Bred Boar.
One great source of failure in produc
ing good crops of pigs is the poor esti
mate fanners place on the breeding or
pedigree of the male, for every one of
them has a pedigree, whether written
or not says John M. Jameson in Na
tional Stockman. If some were writteD
they would present a most astonishing
array of blood lines, but some men
seem to like them the better for the
complex mixture of blood that courses
through their veins. I am not saying
that every boar with a written pedigree
is a good one. but . undoubtedly It Is
safer for a farmer to use a pure bred
boar than one of mixed breeding. Last
summer I fed a lot of hogs purchased
at different places. Those showing that
they were nearest pure bred ancestors
were much the best animals.
Hlahlaad Cattle.
Highland, or Kykx cattle are a va
riety, of rough coated, usually red or
black cattle, with upturned horns, kept
half wild upon the moors of the Scot
tish highlands. They are believed to
-CA-
TYPE OF HIGHLAND CATTLE.
represent in part the cattle of the abo
riginal Britons. The specimen here
shown was reproduced from Breeder's
Gazette and won the cup for the best
Highlander at the recent Smlthfield
(England) show.
Wintering; Idle Horaea.
Grain is always or nearly always
more expensive relatively than fodder.
says Professor Thomas Shaw in Amer
ican Agriculturist, but It would be bet
ter to feed some grain than to allow
the horses to run down in flesh.
The kinds of grain will depend to
some extent on what the farmer has.
But in feeding such grain an excellent
opportunity Is furnished of putting in
to It wheat bran, ground flax or oil
cake to act favorably on the digestive
organs. In the absence of meal, field
roots would produce the result sought
could they be had.
Boots are not much fed to horses in
the United States. They are not much
fed because they are not much raised.
They are not much raised because of
the plentlfulness of other foods and
because of the hand labor required in
growing them.
Ten pounds of such food fed daily
has a wonderfully beneficial Influence
upon the health of horses that are be
ing wintered on straw. Without some
such addition to the food the animals
become, constipated, and under such
conditions they do not thrive to the
best advantages, as is seen In the star
ing and harsh quality of the coat
Seleetla a Boar.
The boar with a broad chest and with
large girth at the heart has the great
est vitality and, other points being
equal, is the kind to select for strong,
vigorous pigs that will resist ordinary
disease germs and grow rapidly.
HAMES AND COLLAR.
thoald Be Molded to Perfoetlr at
the Horae'a Shoaldere.
Almost everybody talks knowingly
about the different makes and styles
of collars, yet It Is" the rarest thing t
bear any one mention the style of.
names. The bames, to bring the collar
up to the sides of the horse's neck.
must be so changed in form that the:
collar can be forced up snugly to every
part of the sides of the horse's neck,
which can be done by tacking on pieces
of wood or leather, so as to have the
hames fit the exact form of the horse's
neck; then there is no question about
the collar coming up to the neck whea
the hame straps are properly buckled.
As no two horses' -necks and shoul
ders are alike, it is the duty of the own
er or driver to see to it that the hames
are first altered to fit the sides of the
horse's neck that is to work In them.
If the neck is thin through its central
portion the hames must be built out to
fit into this depression, but when the
neck Is thick through its central part
(staggy) then the hames must be filled
In at the upper portions in circular
form to fit such fullness, and so on.
whatever the conformation may be. -
Hames and collars are made for the
trade, but it Is the duty of every team
ster to aid the horses in every way to
ward perfect fitting bames and collars.
And It Is to be done by first being sure
that the hames are Just the form for
bringing the collar up to the sides of
the horse's neck, then with the proper
length of collar, say Saturday evening,
wrap the collar to be fitted round ana
round many times with gunny sacking,
old blankets or other material and kees
this wrapping thoroughly wet Mon
day morning unwind this wet covering
and with a piece of fork handle or oth
er smooth stick beat up the face or
shoulder bearing surface of the collar
to loosen up the filling and make the
learner pliant and yielding, put it os
the horse's neck, buckle up the ham
straps top and bottom, so as to bring
the collar rim snug to the neck, and la
one day's moderate work the horse wig
fit the bearing surface to his shoulders
better than It is possible for the collar
meker on his block. Dr. J. C. Curryr
in National Stockman. .
Car af Toon- Stock.
The young stx: require iror? nv- t
eral matter for p-omofuig growth tha.
do mature stuck, nu d a. U c vaic lit
stock may need not only an extra al- '
lowance during severely cold weather,
but the foods should also contain more
than the average proportion of the
heat forming substances. It is evident
If the farmer is to feed economically
and profitably that he should be guide,
by observation and experience, but ?
is Incumbent upon every farmer ta -
deavor to improve wherever an oppor
tunity is afforded for so doing Phila
delphia Record.
THE VETERINARY
The turning up of the toes of
Is not a disease, but only a result ec
neglect to clip the toes by tbe proper
toe clippers and keeping the sheep la
wet pasture in the summer. Sheep's
toes need regular attention or the sheey
will go lame, and the result will be leas
of condition due to the pain and la- -ability
to go about freely. Wet pasture
Is very injurious to the feet,. .
Ahortloa Ia Ewee. .
Smut will cause abortion in ewes K
It is eaten any short time before tba
lambing time and the smut -will pea
vent the ewes from getting with laatv
If they are feeding on smutty com
stubble at the time of service, says -American
Sheep Breeder. There is as-
practicable method of prevention other
than avoiding the smut Animals ask
in breeding condition may not be bmt
by the smut which is commonly eat
freely by sheep or cattle, if there is not
a large quantity consumed. Abortioa
Is caused In several ways, sucn as
overcrowding the ewes in the pens; la
Jury by the butting of the ranis on the
flanks of the ewes is also a frequent
cause, but the most common cause of
losing lambs is by the smut on the fod
der fed to the ewes. Nothing but pss- ,
vention Is of any use.
Worms In Hoar.
For worms of young pigs and smaX
shotes give half ounce dose of fluid em
tract of spikelia and senna every four
hours until scouring is produced. Ths
dose may be lessened or increased ac
cording to size of pigs. Latter dose is
for shotes, say, of fifty pounds weight.
For worms In hogs and. in fact
swine, turpentine is effective when giv
en at the rate of one teaspoonful ia
slop three -mornings In succession for
each eighty pounds live weignt. ereew
er's Gazette. " - "
Catarrh la Horaea. :
Syringe out nostrils once daily r
a dram of tannic acid in a pint oif ws
ter, says Breeder's Gazette, Sprink'
chloride of lime under hay In mange: ,
Mix one dram of dried sulphate of Src-
In feed night and morning for a wssek.
then in same way use a dram of pow
dered sulphate of copper for another
week, then a dram of Iodide of potash
twice dally for a week. Change about
with these three treatments until horse
Is cured. At the' same time feed weal
on oats, bran and bay and allow plenty
of outdoor exercise. '
Remedy For Sheep Tlelcs. -
Flowers of sulphur freely dusted la
sheep's fleece has some effect In ridding
them of ticks, and at same time suipnur
should be mixed in feed, says Breeder's
Gazette. Insect powder has also beea
used with some degree of success. Dip
ping is far the most effective treatment,
but is dangerous in cold weather unless
sheep can be kept in barn with stovo
heat until thoroughly dry and then w
sheltered for some days." As a genocsl
proposition dipping at this time of Oh
year is out of the question,