laxm Bcto.
Planting an Upland Swamp.
Tlioro is a ploco of upland swamp tho
mcmt abominable, sour, spouty, ill-con-ditloiiod
tra;t in tlio wholo iiolglibor
liood adjoining my place. Tho owners
at various times havo made Ill-directed
olTorts to make It productive, wiUioti.
success. About six months in the year
it is too wet to work ; the test of the
time it Is too dry. The underlying
stratum of white clay is like putty so
that If molded in the proper shape jand
dried in tho sun it would make very
good cannon-balls. On top of it is about
lout; inches of mold and roots of aquatic
plants, rushes and the like. Vor thirty
years it has been a nuisance and an eye
sore adjoining the town, and streets,
havo been opened around it. Open
dltohos, also, have been cut around it to
divert tho flow of surface water. I or
SDino inscrutable reason, known best by
tho fates, a slice of it was Included in
my purchase several yours ago. I was
then an innocent tenderfoot from Ohio,
and wore a 7J hat. I was not afraid of a
llttlo wot land. There woro tllo kilns in
Ohio, and wo were used to putting down
lots of the tile horse-shoe, large and
small, deep and close together, so that
wo only laughed at cat-toil qwampa and
swales of all degrees. I got some t'le,
by sending 100 miles for them, and went
to opening ditcheB. Well, it was like
digging in pig lead. Possibly the com
parison is not very just we will say
half-hardened putty. It beat anything I
ever saw for pure cuswjdness and
tenacity. A last they wore laid and
covered. My ground was drained. It
was redeemed. I felt all tho reward, In
anticipation, of the honest triumph of
abor over opposition of nature, and
waited for the rains. It rained. Then
It rained more, somewhat like the
present season. The llll in tho ditches
settled and formed beds for rivulets.
They washed gullies, and I put a V-lluiue
of boards atone point of junction, where
a lateral pipe entered a main line, to
carry tho surface water over the point of
danger. The V leaked ami the acute
angle was puttied with tho tenacious
elay from tho ditch. I can honestly
recommend that adhesive piaster ahead
of any hydraulic cement in (Jhrl -,tendom.
A rapid current of water poured through
without wearing or loosening it. It held
Its ground us well as tar. That was
seven years ago. It Is there yet. This
only to give an idea of the nature of that
(day.
The tile carried water, to be sure, but
only the percolations belonging to the
cutting. I know that for a fact. Fresh
horse tracks in the llll rained full of
water anil stayed there all winter, as if
In a tin cup. Tho elTects of tho undcr
dralus were not seen a foot on ollhoi
side of the ditches since cut.
Homebody may want to know what we
dlil about it. Well, the young orchard
was duly planted on top of the ground
and the roots hilled over. The surface
was always plowed to tho rows and
drainage insured through deep dead
furrows between tho rows. Apricots,
poaches, pears, llgs, plums, and so on,
bear annually, and tho trees look Ill's!
rate, though manure anil whale-oil soap,
clouhtless, have something to do with it,
This brings me to tee point the
swamp. I paid $100 an acre fur it, ami
the problem is, how to make it produc
live. Following the contour lines of the
laud, we havo put in throe open ditches,
which, strange to tell, have a rapid fall.
J no Intervening suriaco is like a sponge
and sheets of water stem! within live
feet of deep cuts. Next, there will be
lateral drains empty ing in the ditches;
hut they will be boxeil with two-luch red
wood planks and covered over. Kvory
sag in tho surface is to havo its drain, so
as to insure perfect surface drainugo.
This is all that can lie expected. Wo
must adapt ourselves to conditions as
we lliitl tlieni. 1 borough draining with
tun is not oiten a mimic sty one time
in a lliousaml. huriace work is pretty
good, if well done, and maintained by
intelligent plowing tiiereailer.
This swamp is to bo an orchard, with
Its trees or prunes, peaches, llgs, etc.
planted on top of the ground, lining a
new wrinkle, 1 have amused nivself In
Jolting it down for the bonollt of similar
Hiillerers.
If we fall to reclaim the swamp you
shall hear from me again. I then pro
pose to rig a ilci rick and bore for oil,
when it may bo my usual luck to strike
something tdse arlesi'in water, from
the present signs. t'iol'irijuc tWr.
Jiural i'rettH.
A creamery Is being organized at
laklma.
Alfalfa Is as good for poultry as any
oilier kind of clover.
l'onimia lias Just Idled an Kngllsh
order for 6ri,MH) gallous of wines.
We have seen many 4-year-old navel
mango trees in Touiona this season that
will bear a box of fruit ouch next niuiit li.
That makes each of the trees worth
about $ J 75 this year.
At the agricultural show hold at New
Houth Wales, in July last, American
bred sheep were very successful in ciim
petlllon with some of the best Austra
lian Mocks. Tho Aniei lean sheep carried
everything before them In tho Judging.
The popular deciduous fruit for plant
ing In Colli I ill California (his season is
the prune. In the vicinity of Kan Jose
alone, It Is said, about lHiNl acres oi
prunes are to bo set out before next
February. 1 lie isalia Delln says there
will be moro prunes planted In Tulare
county this year than any other fruit
tree, and varieties of peaches best foi
drying will take a second place.
Ill the matter of dust or earth baths
fowls much prefer burrowing In the earth
to wallowing in a shallow dust-box. One
corner of the poultry-house should lie
Inclosed and then lilted with soft,
pulverl.ed, dry earth to about twenty
Inches above the level of the floor.
Have a small door connecting this with
the poultry-house, anil when It is left
open the fowls will walk in and take a
good wallow. Ail kinds of poultry
especially love to dust themselves when
there are Indications of stormy weather.
The guuva Is ranked among the
" small fruits." The bushes are set
eight feet apart each way. Sometimes
set nuiong rows of larger trees. They
begin to bear the first year after trans
plantation. Those of the right sixo to
transplant cost 1JJ to 15 eeuU apioeo.
We have good authority for the state
ment that tho strawberry guuva iseasler
to cultivate, better to ship, and Is more
proll'.ahlo than the blackberry, home
hundreds of the little lives will be set
near town this winter. The boom price
of town lot may 1st obtained by plant
ing the bttiuo to guuvaa. lAmg lieuck
ioaraiW.
Advico.
Column lo mo for advice? u cureless weaver ol
I'llVIIICH I
Ah! for a iiiiixim Intlcnl to suit ull seasons iuh!
times;
l'ur In the ciistr-ln Persia, tlielr wisest of fliigcf
SUV,
"The sione tlmt Is tit fur tlio wall is not left by
lite s'liy."
Make yourself perfect us umy he, in profession
or li-iMle;
Do not lie Idle, for rust grows fast upon 8
sheathed blade.
Many thein sre who will come, yet few an
chosen ai hiM ;
Tho scythe or tlio 1'iiture will reap what ycu
sowed In the past.
Will you paint castles of air? dally and slotli
fully jfiizo
On the wrecks of years that were once so hope
ful In days?
Never! it Is that you "will," not you "hope" ot
you "may.
The stone unlit for the wall Is left to rot by the
way.
lleep In Hie eartli Mesa (form, tho heart of a
rose unhlown.
And the slatollcst statue atflrst was a block ol
stone;
The iiem from tlio mine, uncut, still holds the
diamond's ideam,
And the sonif thai, never dies, what was It once
hut a di-cum?
'TIs truly tho Attest survive In the buttle of
.lite;
Look le It then your armor unit urms ure retidy
lor si rile.
Listen, my dear, In Persia, their wisest of sages
say
"The stone that Is Dt for the wall Is not left by
the way."
Krnenl, Mefiatrey, Chicago.
KENTUCKY FARMERS.
Delluhls of a Heretic Life In the Itlue
i!iKM State
"The farmers in central Kentucky
must bo richf"
"KichP Of course they are. It is
the only country J ever saw with a
community of rich farmers," says Dr.
Henry Wilson in the Atlanta Coii.stitu
tiim. "Any limn who owns a blue
frrass-fariii is rich. He can't help it.
His land is worth from $70 to $11)1) an
acre remote from tin; railroad, and
near a vill!i;re from $l.i0 to $2.00. It
grows blue grass spontaneously. You
can run a liidd lil'lcen years in corn,
then stop it, take the stock oil' anil it
will sod itself. Turn the lirst year's sod
under and next year it reappears.
Turn it under nrain and you have
land as rich as ever and carpeted with
blue grass. The land has a substrata
of lime, ami it fertilizes itself."
"It is n royal life they lead?"
"It certainly is. 'i'hey have their
line horses, their southdown sheep,
pedigree hogs, Durham cattle, raise
everything they need, and are abso
lutely independent. Why, take the
soulliilown sheep. They grow so fat,
so broad across the back, that if one
turns over and gets on its buck lie can
not recover bis feet, but would die un
less the shepherd turned him. Their
Chester and Ksscx hogs are pedigreed
as carefully as their horses, and such
hams and meat as llicv make! As for
cultle, there is Mr. William lieasley,
who lives near Lancaster, who raises
line horses for the cast and Durham
cattle for Kurope. lie has no Dur
Iiiiiiis Unit w ill not weigh from l.HOO
lo '2,1)00 pounds, and buyers sent di
rect from Knglish farms come to his
barns every week in the year to select
line cattle. He takes a countrylior.se,
educates him up in slyle and puce and
sells him for $1,000. The millionaires
of Hi is mi and New York send their
buyers to his stable and take his slock
at his own price."
"'I'hey are hospitable, these farmers,
are I hey not i"
"That is not the word. They tire
glad lo see you. Kacli farmer has his
ice-house, a huge dry well in which the
ice is packed with straw. Then I here
Utile mint lied, tind I lie line liipiurs ill
his cellar of whatever age you want.
He gives you the inevitable mint juleji,
and yel there is little ilinnki'iiness in
Unit section - less than I ever saw.
Dr. Wash Miller who lives near Win
chester is worih about $:ii n U h . His
land is worth n third of that. He ha-,
line horses, poultry, hogs, cattle, and
in his park, which is as beaut ilul as a
lowil park in Kiiglatnl, 200 deer run at
large. A king on his limine is not
happier or iniii'e independent than a
fanner in tlio 'heart of the bluo-grass
region.'"
"Did you go to the Lexington fair?"
"Of course 1 did, ami let toe tell you
vou will find more line slock mid
higher grade animals til the Lexington
fair than anyw here elsenn carlh. Why.
just think of il, I saw litem preparing
while Chester boars for inspection.
They would lay a boar on a table, wash
him wiih easiiie soap as carefully its it
he were a bnbv, then wipe him pcrlecl
ly dry and lie w as so used to be
ing washed thai he would turn over to
expose his body to the water - ami
I lnn comb his hair, dust him out with
a line mohair brush, cut his toenails,
clean out his nose and ears, cut the
long hairs oil his body, and then pow
der him and dust him until his skin
was as soft and pink as a bale's. Such
a boar would bring from $7." to $100,
and the pigs of his family would sell
for $.'j apiece the day they were born.
1 saw eutsuohl rains there us large as
a yearling calf, with their lleece w ashed
ami combed, their horns polished
and Iheir eu's and curs 'dusted out us
dainlily as if it were n voting lady pre
paring for her lirsi ball. The Durham
cattle almost looked like elephants mid
had pedigrees as long asu feudal prince.
The ilerseys are used in Kentucky only
as pels and for fancy butler and to fur
nish milk lor milk punches."
State tiidebteiliiess.
Virginia leads the stales of the union
In the amount of her Minded and limit
iug debt, which aggregates ijsll.'liiu,.
IHKi, Massachusetts, however, is a
elose second, w ith an obligation of 11,.
000,000. Tennessee stands third with
figures at $1 7.000,000; l'cnnsv l iinia
fourth, with $l.".(Kio.ooO; Noii'li t ar
oliuu. Louisiana, and Man land in the
mentioned order. The rich state ol
New York has a debt of but $7.tXK 000,
Minnesota mill Ohio has each a debt ol
ll.iHKMKKI. The debt of New ,l.rrj
is less than $lMHHi,ooo, and that of Kati
Mis about $MHi,tKm. Illinois, W isconsin,
West Virginia, Colorado, and New
Hampshire, are given as free from debt.
Culiliirnia, Delaware, Kentucky, and
Iowa n iv practically out of debt. The
grand total of the debts of nil the states
is $'.".'0, ooo.ot HI. Nouda shows Hit
highest rule of luxation, 'JO cents pel
$100, and MaxsaehusetU tlio lowest.
U i i eeuU jHir 1 00.
HOW FAST A WATCH CAN TRAVEL.
The Average Tlincpli.ee That Covers 8,570
nines iii i wo lears.
Of all tlm articles of luxury which in
tlio course of centuries have become
necessities the watch is, no doubt, tho
one that performs the most retnarkablo
feats. Yet it is in many cases the most
sadly neglected. Man will cat and
sleep as a mailer of course, without
thinking once in a thoi. iand times that
by so doing ho maintains the numerous
parts of his organism which through
the pulsation indicate the state of reg
ularity. Man will wind a watch with
out calculating in doing so upon the
force set in motion. Tako a cylinder
watch of the average size, for instance.
A glance at the movement shows, lirst
of all, a small cogwheel moving rapidly
back and forth without completing the
revolutions. Ever single swing of this
balance wheel is eipial to about 72, or
three-fourths of a revolution averages
having been taken in all figures to bo
adduced for the matter of convenience.
Tho diameter of the balance wheel is
usually, in tho average sized watch,
seven-twel I'lhs of an inch, tho circiim
fcrenco consequently twenty - one-
twelfths, or one and three-quarters of
an inch. The small point of resistance
at the outer periphery of tho balance
wheel consequently covers willi each
swiittr a distance ot ii-lxl-.i4 of tin inch,
which is equal to one and live-six
teenths of an inch. An attentive ob
server will lind by carefully watching
the second hand of the watch that lliero
are. five swings, or steps, in each sec
ond. That, means ly.oiK) swings In an
hour, or 411,000 in a day of twenty
four hours. Consequently the point of
resistance covers in a day 42000x15-10
of an inch, or oW,lib7 inches, or 17.3X9
feet, which is, within u fraction of
about one-fortieth, nearly nine miles,
If a good watch runs two years without
repairs, the poinlof resistance hasiuade
u,.hO miles without a stop.
In an micro movement of the same
size as the cylinder watch referred to,
each swing of tho balance wheel is
twice us large, l.ach given point at
the outer circumference of the balance
wheel for there is no point' of resist
ance in the micro watch would cover
in twenty-four hours a distance of IS,
or in two years 1:1,110 miles. At this
rale il would take the balance wheel,
sometimes erroneously culled escape
ment, about three years and nine months
to cover a distance equal to the cnciini
fcretice of the earth.
JS'o sensible man would for a moment
entertain the idea that a iliminulive
wagon with wheels of seveu-twcHllis of
an inch in diameter could travel around
the earth in three years ami nine
months, even if there were an absolute
ly level road to travel on. Repairs
would take up half the time. The
watch is only ablo to perform ill re
markable teats on account ot the ill
mintitivu weight anil yet immense hard
ness of its parts and an almost ialini-
tcstnial degree ot friction, lite latter
is so much reduced that a single drop
ot oil is siillicieut lor live years in alug
grade watch.
Another achievement of the waleh is
the degree of exactness with which it
works. Tin' swings of tho escapement
are rendered isochronous (of equal dur
ation) by means of the hairspring, the
regulating being done by the lengthen
ing or shortening of the spring. For
instance, it a walcli diners two minutes,
either loo slow or too last, in iweuly
t'our hours, it means that inasmuch as
there aro 4:12.000 sw ings in that period
of time each swing is the three thous
and six hundredth pari of a second too
long or too short ol absolute correct
ness. If, therefore, tho correction is
to be made that the watch shall d I If or
only half a minute in a day, each swin
of the escapement has to lie regulated
by the onc-fourlccii thousandth part
oi a second - a part of time that us to
duration can hardly be comprehended
unless it is with tho quickness of
thought.
The watch, if otherwise properly
constructed, is assisted only once a day
by the winding, not coiiuiing those
marvels of the w alchinaker's art which
run unassisted lor a week or eveu a
inonth. Taking this into considera
tion it is indeed marvelous hew tho
inanimate metal has been rendered ser
viceable by art mid the laws of nature
it is, in a word, a miracle in the vest
pocket. Killed a Deer nt Thirty faces.
One of tho most curious deer stories
of early times occurred about ls.;")4 at
Whitu Sulphur Springs, Napa county,
A large party of people were there,
some of them among the best-known
citizens of San Francisco. Sonic of the
guests w ent out on hunt ing expedi
tions, and among these was Dr. Jos-
sclyn, now of Madrono, Santa Clara
county. Me was "loaded for quail"
and saw a line buck within thirty paces.
He dropped his pocket-knife dow n his
gun-barrel, aimed at the shoulder, and
fired. The deer leaped high in the air
and disappeared over a bush and
the disgusted sportsman returned to tho
hotel, thinking his shot a failure. Ho
told the story at the hotel, and, he
says, "had to set up the champagne all
the evening," besides enduring uni
versal skeiilicism. The next day how
ever, the deer was brought in' and it
was found that the pocket-knife had
penetrated to the heart. fwu ru;
cisto VhruiticU:
Sports In Scotland.
An English paper says the valuo to
Scotland of the opportunities for sports
is very large. The deer forests ol
which there aro lot, covering 8,000
quare miles of land useless for agri
culture, rent for i'loo.ooo uutiiiaMy;
Il2,.'i0tl of this goes to the local tuxes.
If any forest fails to be rented tho
whole neighborhood (eels it greatly in
the diminished amount of money ex
ponded there. The grouse moors' rent
for 4M 10,000, nnd pay jfi;".( KK in takes.
Most salmon rivers are let with the
moors, but s.une arc rented alone slid
mid it considerable sum to the total al
ready given.
lWdud. on the Aei.m-i X, l.,..:fi
j . .v a itiv
road, is said to be the hottest station on
tlm road. The thermometer has stood
Mt 1 10 degrees in t he diuingrooiu, ami
t degrees at midnight on thy coolest
udo of the depot.
KIMBERLY'S DIAMOND FIELDS.
How the Spiii-kters Are Obtained From
Mother Knrth.
John Agnew, the wealthy resident of
Natal, South Africa, who arrived here
as a steerage passenger on tlio Ger
manic on Friday, was found Saturday
night at the ajiartinents of his sister,
Mrs. Lamb, No. 27 Kutgcrs street, says
a New York writer. Mr. Agnew is
about CO years old, but hale and vigor
ous. IIo'lius spent more than half his
life in the vicinity of Natal, lias
traveled all over South Africa and has
been a frequent visiter to the diamond
lields.
He married a daughter of a wealthy
Trish lady oyer thirty years ago, and
went to South Africa with his young
bride and fortune of $2.')(),000. After act
ing for six years as postmaster at Natal,
during which time lie made judicious
and profitable investments, he became a
merchant and exchanged merchandise
of all kinds wilh the natives for ivory,
wool, ostrich feathers, hides, gold-dust,
nuggets and diamonds. Now he is
worth over $1,000,000. He gave the
reporter an interesting account of life
nud business in diamond fields.
"The center of business in tlio dia
mond fields," ho said, "is Kimbcrly, a
city of over 00,000 inhabitants. It lias
excellent police and sanitary regula
tions and is sit tinted on tableland in
the midst of a sterile, sandy plain,
about ;"),000 feet above tho level of the
sea. The climate is exceedingly cold
in winter, and it is not unusual to lind
Kallirs who havo been driukinglieavily
at night frozen to death in the streets
in the morning. 'The city is surrounded
by the four principal diamond mines
the Kimbcrly, the Old Do licers, the
Dutoil Span mid the liulutitinc. The
three first named are controlled by an
English company-, at the head of which
is a Mr. Rhodes, one of the, best-kuowD
men in South Africa.
"Everybody in and nhoitt Kimberly
is in the diamond business. There is
no atrrieull urist. Provisions are brought
from Natal or Cape Town or by th
liners in wagons 300 or 100 miles over
land, lioing there from Natal you
travel about 200 miles by rail and 300
miles by wagon. Nobody is allowed
to sell diamonds in Kimberly without
a license, which costs M(I, and nobody
is allowed lo buy them without a per
mit. If a stranger is found with a
rough diamond in his possession with
out a permit he is arrested, taken bo
fore a magistrate mid is liable to be
sent to jail for three years. I came
very near being caught that way my
self on my lirst visit. I hud bought 8
nine-carat diamond from a broker
w hom 1 knew very well, when he asked
iii! if 1 had a permit. 1 told him no,
and he replied: 'Hero is your nionev
give mo back the diamond. We wif
both get into trouble.' Then 1 got t
permit.
"The diamonds are taken now from
a stratum of blue clay 800 feet below
the surface. 'This clay, which is al
most as hard us rock, is brought up ir
blocks and broken upon vast uncovered
platforms. Some of the larger dia
monds are found in the breaking up
Tho work is done by natives, who are
divided into gangs of six, with a while
overseer for each gang. Both the over
seers and the men gel a percentage on
the diamonds they lind, us well as lixcC
wages. When the natives quit work
or come up from the mines they
aro stripped and searched, and
oven their mouths aro examined.
Alter tho clay has been broken up
on tho platform it is sprinkled wilt
water and allowed to dry ill the sua.
Then it crumbles mid is taken to the
washers.
"You remember, of course, how th
diamond lields were discovered. Il
was in lHil'J, 1 think, or thereabouts,
that a Holtentot child playing in the
sand found a bright stone. Its fathot
curried the stone to a Dutch trade!
near the coast, who gave him an old
wagon, some oxen and goals for it.
The Dut 'li mail carried il lo Cape Tow n
and sold il for $."i,O00. That stone was
the famous Slar of Africa, afterward
purchased by the l'rince of Wales for,
1 think .t':lo.oo0. It was found on the
f lains about thirty miles from Kimber
y. J. li. Robertson, now ouo of the
richest men in South Africa, was then
a peddler. Ho went to the interior
shortly after the discovery of that stone
and returned with hanilfiils of dia
monds. Then followed the rush to the
diamond lields."
A Totichintt Incident.
A touching incident was that of Mrs.
William Nichols, a brilliant and miich
ndmired lady of Hath beach, who had
been sullering for some time from an
affection of the eyes, says the Brooklyn
( 'itizen. She was led to fear a speedy
change for the worse, and immediately
consulted her physician. An examina
tion discovered a sudden and fatal fail
ing in tho optic nerve, and the infor
mation was imparted as gently as pos
sible that the patient could not retain
her sight more than a few days at
most, and was liable to be totally de
jirived of it at anv moment. Last
Tuesday tho alllicted mother quietly
made such arrangements as would oc
cur to ouo about to commence so dark
a journey of life and thou had her two
children, attired in their brightest and
sweetest costumes, brought before her;
and so, with their little faces lifted to
hers, nnd tears gathering for some
great misfortune they hardly realized,
the liglil faded out of their mother's
eves, leaving mi iuellucublo picture of
tfiose dourest to her on earth a mem
ory of the bright faces that w ill console
her iu many a dark hour.
Tho Old "New Ciigluml Company."
Few people in this country probably
knew- that the old "New England com
puny" is still in existence in Loudon
until its commissioners visited Canada
the other day. Tho ancient corpora
tion has an otliceiu the English capital,
and keeps a dingy sign hanging out.
The commissioners are busy in doing
work for the benetit of the Indians in
the Dominion, and in the last half cen
tury have expended $."oo,000on the Six
Nation reservation alone. All Wieir
available funds uiv expended nowaday
within Uritish dcchdchcics. The
present commission is the tiixt that has
made a tour iu Canada for half a century.
MONEY!
Can be mado easy by
raisin c Chickens A
lartfe IVi-piitfo Illustra
ted Catalogue doHcrlb
Incubators, BrK
lU'it, Brooding Hona
(iM, How and What to
Feed, How long to
keep them In tho Itroo
dor, Drinking Foun
tains, Diseases and
thtlr Cure, In fact
more information
than is givpn iu many
'25-cent bftoks. Hont
lo any address on re
ceipt of '2: stamp.
Wire Netting, Bone
Mual and all kind of
Poultry Supplies.
Addrosu.
PETALVMA iNOrBATOBCO.
PETALUHA, CAL,
ANY BRIGHT
OlitL can draft
a dress pattern, equal
to the most export
cutter, by the fliiuplo
rules of the
NEW YORK CHART.
PARTIUU LAK8 FItKE,
Special inducements
to agents. Mrs.
I. Macilunald, 6(4
Kearny tit., U. F., Col.
PACIFIC PAPER CO.
418 8AORAMENTO 8TREET, 8AN FRANOISOO,
News, Book Writing Papers
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VaiK'rs, Manila, Straw ftntl Wruptujj tajjorn
Lint Block, tuijur Uaga, Twluet to.
TH MAKING OF BEADS.
Where tlio Pretty, Ollttorlnit Itmililcs Are
Manufactured fur the Market,
Most of the world's heads aro Vene
tian, Bays Harper's Magazine. In tho
island of Murano, 1,000 workmen aro
devoted to this branch. The first pro
cess is to draw the glass into tubes of
the diameter of the proposed bead. For
this purpose the glass-house at Murano
has a kind of rope-walk gallery 150
feet long, Hy gatheringvariotis colors
from different pots and twisting them
into one mass many combinations of
color aro made. Tlio tubes are care
fully sorted by diameter. and chipped
into fragments of uniform si.e. These
pieces aro stirred in a mixture of sand
and ashes, which tills tho holes and
prevents tho sides from closing togeth
er when they are healed. They are
next placed in a kind of frying-pan
nnd constantly stirred over a lire until
the edges are rounded into a globular
form. When cool they are shaken in
to one set of sieves until the ashes aro
separated, and in another series of
sieves until they aro all perfectly sorted
by sizes. Then they are threaded by
children, tied in bundles, and exported
to the ends of tho earth. Franco has
long produced tho "pearl bead.," which
iu the liner forms, are close imitations
of pearls. They aro said to havo been
invented by Jaijuiii in Ki56. The com
mon variety threaded for ornaments is
blown from glass tubes. An expert
workman can blow 5,000 or 6,000 glob
ules in a day. They are lined with
powdered fish-scales and lilled wilh
wax. It takes Hi, GOO fish-scales to
inako a pound of tho scaly essence of
pearl. Until recently the heirs of
Jaipiin still carried on a large factory
of these mock pearl. Tho best of
them aro blown irregular to counter
feit nature some in pear shape, others
like olives, and they easily pass for
genuine.
Imitation gems formerly employed
the chief attention of the highest artif
icers in glass. They are still the chief
idea of ornamental glass in China. Iu
the ancient and middle ages they cir
culated everywhere without much dan
ger of discovery and lite formulas were
held as precious secrets, lllancoiirt
first published their composition in
10. Now they are common property,
and, with the growthof science in the
last century, an expert knowledge has
become widely disseminated which eas
ily delects the paste from the real jew
el, particularly as the modern false
stone are less successful copies than
the old glass-makers produced. More
study is now given lo artificial, which
ure true gems, being composed of the
same material as the genuine ones, but
manufactured.
A polios in reltieoats anil Fez C'nps-
Eyen in the country dislrictsyo.i will
find people who are posted on tho
(ireek poets and there are few Greek
youth who havo not read what we call
tho (ireek classics. The country pen
plooflireceo are far different from
those of tho cities. It is outside of
Athens that you find the jiicturesipie
costumes and it is hero that you see
the lino (Ireek feature of the past.
The girls about Corinth havo faces
which remind you of some of the noted
statues, and I havo seen near Athena
girls who could pose for Minerva or
for the goddess of love. I have seen
several Apollos in petticoats and fez
caps and I saw a face the other day
which mado mo think of that ol
Achilles. The costume of tho farmer
and that of one of the regiment of the
(ireek army hero in Athens is tho same.
It may bo called tho Creek national
costume, and it is tho queerest outfit
you will find outside of t'orea. If you
will ttike the tallest and leanest man of
your acquaintance and put him in a
short, round-about vest and white, ballet-girl
skirt; if vou will put a soft red,
rimless cap on tlio side of his head and
let tho long, black tassel of this fall
down over his ear, and then clothe his
feet in long, red slippers, which turn
up at the toes, you will have some idea
of how these gaudy country (ireek!
look. You must however, make the
vest gorgeous wilh brass, silver, or
gold embroidery and it must have long
sleeves which hang down from the
wrist- On tho toe of each red slipper
there must bo a red tassel as big a a
chestnut-burr and of the same slupe,
and bright leggins must be wrapped
tight around the shin. The white
skirts must come to the thighs and they
must stand out as though starchrih
They must be so many that the breadth
(f tho bottom will bo at least a foot
thick and the wearer must flirt them as
be moves with a gay and giddy air.
If you would havo him like a Greek
soldier you must give him a great belt
and till this with old pistols and knives.
You must put a sword at his side and
a gun in his hand. Yon must shave oil
all but his mustache and give him s
strut like that of a drum-major when
tho band is reviewed by the major. F.
(i. CartM iUt:r's Alhftu IslUr.
NEW STYLE .
Eureka Gang Plows
(OLD STYLE.)
EVERYBODY
was Satisfied with the Old Style
BUT
EVERYBODY
is Deliohted with the New Style
Eureka.
SEATS ARE BEHIND THE LEVERS
Sizes nnd shapoa suited to all kinds
of plowing.
Circulars and Trice Llat sent on
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