eat up fully 75 per cent of the log crop.
On the west branch of the Penob
scot. which In the old days yielded
50,000,000 feet or more of long logs,
scarcely a stick was cut last winter
for sawmills, practically the entire out
put, 134,000,000 feet being In four-foot
lengths, for the Great Northern Paper
company. It Is the same story every
where—the pulp mills monopolizing
In Bangor for whisky, motor rides and the log cut, and as long as this de
other eujoyments, or lost In gambling. mand continues lumber cannot be any
Bottom Fell Out
thing like as cheap as it once was,
Then, In the early fall of 1920, the whatever the cost of labor.
bottom began to fall out.
Peeled
pulp wood fell from $31 a cord to
$21, and rough from $23 to $13, while, SAPPHO REINCARNATED
I with an overstock on hand every
where, cutting operations were cur
tailed one-half.
Woods wages went
down with a bang but the bottom was
not reached. This summer the decline
has continued and woods wages are
down to $1.75 a day. In some sections
as low as $1.50, with board, while
pulpwood sawyers working by the cord
are getting Instead of $2.75 to $3.50
a cord, $1.75 and occasionally $2, and
paying thplr own board at the rate of
75 cents to $1 a dny. Even at these
prices there are thousands Idle.
Spruce lumber, which at one time In
1919 reached $03 and $05 per 1,000
feet, is now quoted nt $45 to
$49 for dimensions and $30 to $43
for randoms, and the only thing that
prevents a further slump Is the de
mand of the pulp mills, which now
Woodsmen’s Pay
No --- Longer
High
«-----------
Reaction in Maine From W ar
Boom Sends Lumber Prices
Down Toward Normal.
TWO MEN FOR EVERY JOB
Hom« Builder« W ill Rejoice, but Pulp
Mill« Garner Most of the Output—
Employers Now Can Get Their
Pick of Men.
Bangor.—The day of fabulous wages
for woodsmen is past, and Instead of
Jobs hunting men—men of any kind
at almost any price—the hunting Is
now done.by the men, for there are
at least two of them to one Job. Every
day now, the sidewalks of lower Ex
change and Washington streets are
thronged with woodsmen, waiting for
something to turn up, and the employ
ment agents are having their pick of
the men at prices not more than half
those paid a year ago.
In olden times the best of native
woodsmen were glad when November
came around and a long winter faced
them, to get $10 to $25 a month to go
Into the woods, walking most of the
50 to 100 miles from Bangor to the
scene of operations with their bags
on their backs, and satisfied with a
bunk In a log house and a diet com
posed chiefly of pork and beans. They
went to work at the first streak of
dawn and kept nt It as long as they
could see a tree.
■ : Check Signed U. R. Acrook
Goes Through Banks
Loveland, Colo.—Some crook
with a sense of humor succeed-
ed In passing a check for $250
on an Akron (O.) rubber firm
that was written on a counter
check of the First National bank
! here. It was signed U. It.
Wages Were Low.
;; Acrook and indorsed by several
In that dny the price of spruce
banks before It got back here,
stumpage (the right to cut) was $1.25
and It was discovered there was
to $2 per thousand feet and a very lib
no such account in the local
eral scale at that. The men who drove ! bank.
the logs down the boom got $1.75 to
$2.50 a day, and they were experts,
every one. The rafters at Bungor,
the overhaulers, the sawmill men and
everybody else who touched the log
or the lumber worked long hours at
low wages—the sawmill men from
dawn to dusk for $30 a month and
board.
Vessels carried the lumber
from Bangor to Boston for as little
us $1.25 per thousand feet, seldom
more than $1.75; to Long Island ports
for 50 cents more and to New York
for $2.25 to $2.75.
Ignorance of Care of Furnace Re
On this basis of cost of production
estimating the price of the logs In
sponsible for Much Waste,
boom at $0 to $9 per thousand feet
Says Bulletin.
for hemlock and $10 to $13 for
spruce, luml>er was so cheap that al
most anyone could alTord to build a
bouse and mechanics In Bungor and
the towns along the river Improved
the opportunity of cheap lumber and
cheap land to get homos for them Average House Owner BumeToo Much
selves.
Today everything Is very different Coal, Principally Because He Does
Not Know How to Regulate
There had been a gradual Increase be
Hie Heater.
fore the wnr of stumpage rates, wages
and other costs, and lumber was costly
Washington.—The average house
enough when the wnr cuine on, largely
through the advent of the pulp mills, owner burns too much coal, principally
which from small beginnings In the because lip does not know how to
eighties Increased their field and scope regulnte Ids heater, say engineers of
of operations until In 1915 they owned the United States Department of Agri
most of the desirable timber lands culture In Farmers’ Bulletin 1194,
and were eating up rather more than “Operating a Home Heating Plant,”
half of the 800,000,000 feet of spruce published by the department. Many
rural homes are now provided with
cut In the state.
Then the war set things faster furnaces, and the publication was pre
than ever. Wages were first to go sky pared as a guide to their efficient
ward, owing to the difficulty of getting operation, particularly In getting the
most lient out of the fuet and In mak
help.
Men who could not speak a word ing the home ns healthful ns possible.
The satisfactory and efficient beat
of English and were almost too lazy
to move got $3 a day and hoard for ing of homes, according to the bulletin,
cutting four-loot pulp wood, or $2.75 requires: That the chimney flue be of
to $3 a cord when working by the proper size and In the proper place,
piece and paying their own board, at that the proper heating equipment be
the rate of 75 cents to $1 a day. Installed correctly; that the plant be
Some of these pieceworkers made as understood thoroughly and operated so
much as $180 to $200 a month, a few that It gives the most heat from the
even more. Most of this wus spent fuel consumed; that the house be con
!
;;
;;
¡;
I
Feverish activity today features the reconstruction of the battle-wrecked parts of Flanders. This photograph
shows the builders working among the ruins of Ypres, and was taken by an American Ited Cross official, who was
accompanying the American Legion delegation on Its tour of France and Belgium.
Czar’s Officers
Form Red Army
This girl, Juanita Cllvette of New
York, Is certain that she Is the re
incarnation of Sappho. At The age of
six she climbed on her mother's knee Trotzky Tells How Great Soviet
and said: “Mamma, I have found
Military Force of 5,000,OCX)
myself. Who, or what, was Sappho?"
Men Was Organized.
Since then she has written thousands
of lyrics and painted many charming
canvases. She Is now only fourteen
years old. Her father, who keeps a
curio shop, has been an actor, ma
gician, newspaper man and artist.
“I am as old as time,” snys Juanita. First Created aa Several Armies, Each
Supported by Small W ar Council
“I have been since the beginning.
Which Wielded the Power of
Once I was Sappho. I am again Sap
pho reincarnate.”
Life and Death,
VEIL OF SECRECY IS RAISED
U. S. Tells How
to --- Save «-----------
on Fuel
SEALING CRACKS SAVES HEA1
Belgians Busily Rebuilding the City of Ypres
structed so that the heat Is held In;
that the air be kept m oist; and that
enough fresh air be admitted either
continuously or from time to time to
avoid the discomfort or unhenlthful
conditions due to accumulation of car
bonic acid gas. In selecting fuel, the
bulletin suggests that different kinds
and sizes of coal be tried out.
8hould Be Properly Installed.
WON BEAUTY PRIZE
the Austrian army during the war had
passed over into our ranks. We had
stationed them on the Volga. Stirred
up by Savinov and the revolutionary
socialists they rebelled and occupied
Kazan, Slmbrisk and Samara.
n
Directed Attack on Simirsk.
“Toukhatchevsky, a former czarlst
officer, converted to Bolshevism when
he was a prisoner In Germany, direct
ed our first army against Simirsk;
Vatsetls, a Lett, who was our first
generalllssimo, lead the fifth against
Kazan. They were poor armies, hav
ing from 6,000 to 8,000 bayonets each.
“We mobilized the communists first,
then six classes in the Volga govern
ment. The order w a s: ‘Victory or
death.* The peasants came in crowds
to fight against the whites, but they
lacked confidence in their own forces.
“I was Installed In a train pro
tected with sand bags and defended
by n cannon and machine guns. An
other train followed carrying 300 cav
alry, an airplane, a garage car for
five automobiles, wireless, printing ma
chines ; In fact, a little military city.
“At the beginning Savinkov, Kap-
pel and Foruunatov were so sure of
success that they had already an
nounced IL They surrounded us with
1,000 men. We dug trenches and un
derwent a siege and finally repulsed
them.
“In order to profit from our ad
vantage I risked a dangerous coup
with the aid of Raskolnikov, a young
officer of the Bolshevik marine who Is
now representing us In Afghanistan.
“Raskolnikov had brought from
Cronstadt by the canals four old tor
pedo boat destroyers. We both aimed
to annihilate the enemy fleet which
was composed of armor-plated barks
carrying cannons, laying broadside off
Kazan. A turn of a river around a
hill separated us. At one o’clock In
the morning we entered the narrow
channel with the first destroyer and
were lucky enough to set fire to an
oil tank In one of the barks.
“Our other destroyers could not Join
us and It Is still a mystery to me
how we were able to escape. Prob
ably the fire prevented the scared en
emy from seeing us.
We returned
without difficulty with only our rudder
broken.
Paris.—The curtain of secrecy be
hind which the Russian Reds organ
ized the great soviet army of five
million men which enabled the mili
tary directors of communism to beat
off or defeat all exterior and Inte
rior enemies during the past three
years, except drought and famine, la
lifted by Trotzky, according to the
Paris organ of Communism, “L’Hu-
manite,” which newspaper prints an
Interview with the military director
for Russia.
Trotzky gives credit for organiza
tion to the old officers of the czarlst
regime who turned reds. The soviet
army was created as several armies,
and each supported a small war coun
cil, which wielded the power of life
or death. The defeat of the “White”
army In the Volga region In 1918 af
forded sufficient enthusiasm to build
the greater armies. Trotzky so y s:
“The army was Instituted in prin
ciple by a decree signed January 15,
1918, by Lenin and his war and naval
commissaries, Dybenko and Podovls-
ky. I was then negotiating the Brest-
Lltovsk peace trenty with Germany as
minister of foreign affairs, and It was
In March that I began my duties.
“There was nothing left of the old
army then; men had gone home, the
materials lay scattered everywhere,
abandoned where the trains happened
to stop. The local soviets, barely or
ganized, telegraphed me ‘We have ten
cannon. . . . We have an avi
ation park. . . . Ten soldiers. . . .
Five sailors. . . .* Everything was In
a muddle.
“My bureau was at Smolny. Teople
came from all comers of the country:
‘Give us shoes I
Don’t you need a
colonel?' they asked. It was exact
ly like the description made by IJs-
Gain Confidence.
sagaray of the war ministry under
“The effect was enormous. At dawn,
the French commune. It wus not easy
after a short battle, the whites evac-
to establish order. I had no compe
tence and thought first of accepting
the aid of foreign missions who hop«!
to bring us back Into the European
war. Eventually, however, a comrade
of the party, Bontch-Brouevltch,
brought his brother, a czarlst general,
to me. I asked him to construct a
general staff after putting him under
the watch of two communists. He
filled his office perfectly.
Here Is Mme. Marchal, who was
voted the most beautiful woman In
the flower fete at Aix les Bains,
France. She was awarded a prize
of 15,000 francs.
uated Kazan.
The following day,
Toukhatchevsky took Simirsk. Oui
army then finally gained confidence.
Since then It has known only success.
“Then the true work of organization
began. Our partial mobilizations. In
all, were insufficient. We began to
mobilize regularly by classes. The
number of objectors diminished. Bill
boards, meetings, satirical plays, tri
bunals—all means of recruiting were
used. We recalled the former czarlst
officers. The French revolution had
used barely half of the 15,000 officers
of the king, but out of our million
we used hundreds of thousands. It la
true that some of them became trait
ors. Our 11th Division of Nlgnl-Nov-
gorod, for example, our pride, was
inassnered in the spring of 1919, dur
ing the rebellion of the Cossacks of
Krasnov, because of the concentrated
treason of the chiefs. We arrested
the families of the officers and held
them as hostages.
“We created commlssalres of the
army. But the soviet congress ranked
them only after the generals in chief.
We have placed them in all the divi
sions, brigades, regiments, and have
added in each company ‘political
guides’ to sustain their decrees. In
each army, two commlssalres and the
commandant formed the war counclL
Though they were responsible for all
treason, their decrees Were Inviolable,
and possessed absolute power of Ufa
and death over all.”
The best and highest-priced heater
improperly Installed may give less sat
isfaction than the poorest and cheap
est put In correctly, snys the bulletin.
For this renson a man known to under
stand his business should Install the
plant. In selecting the furnace, consult
owners of homes who have had ex
perience In operating furnaces of dif
ferent types.
Practically all heating plnnts have
four dampers. A draft damper in the
door of the ash pit Is opened to admit
air through the fire, which causes it
to burn rapidly. A check damper lo
cated In the smoke pipe Is opened to
admit cold air into the flue, thus Inter
fering with the draft and retarding the
burning of fuel In the heater. The
damper located In the feed door Is used
for the same purpose. Through It cold
air Is admitted directly over the fire,
and If opened wide. It acts as a check.
When regulated properly. It admits Just
sufficient air to supplement that ad
mitted through the draft damper and
causes more perfect combustion of the
fuel. The smoke pipe damper Is lo
cated between the fumnee and the
check draft, and can be used to control
the draft above the fuel In windy
weather or at night.
Ashes should not be permitted to ac
cumulate In the ash pit, as this retards
the draft and the hent causes the grate
bars to become warped and bent. As a
rule It Is not necessary to shake down
the ashes more than once or twice a
day. except In very cold weather, and
Raleee Cries of T reason.
shaking should be stopped as soon as
“With his help we began to clear
live sparks begin to fall Into the ash
np the situation. But do you see the
pit. ,
Sealing Cracks Saves Heat.
effect? A czarlst general? People be
It Is economy to seal the cracks gan to cry 'treason' and refuse to obey
about doors and windows with weather me.
The central committee, fortu
strips, and where the weather Is un nately, understood me and aided me.
usually cold, storm sash Is recom In order to establish discipline we In
mended. With a wind velocity of flicted rigorous punishments.
“All sorts of men offered themselves
fifteen miles an hour a crack of three-
thirty-seconds of an Inch, which Is to me: Brigands and port brigands.
much less than the average for doors One man. who came with a little troop,
and windows, permits the passage of had hla pocket full of gold and watch
about one and one-half cubic feet of es. He was shot. There were also
air a minute for every linear foot. An spies and secret agents. Army by-1
ordinary double sash window (thirty- glene had to be revolutionized.
“Everywhere Interesting problems
six Inches wide and seventy-two Inches
high) would thus admit thirty ruble came to light. When a colony had
feet of air a minute. In a room ten been established, a local federal In
feet wide by twenty feet long having stinct mixed with It, with the result
two windows of this kind, there would that we would have an army of the
be required approximately 80 per cent town of Tver or of Vladimir. The
more heat units to hent It properly general disgust of militarism every-'
than If the entrance of the air was where hindered all co-operation.
“Finally In May the essential part
controlled and a complete change al
of the apparatus was put on Its feet: ’
lowed once every hour.
In addition to maintaining a proper seven regions had been constructed
temperature, the moisture present tn with their governmental subdivisions,
the air Is a great factor In heating their cantons and volosts.
“I did not dare to begin with com- I
homes. The water pan In the furnace
should always he kept filled, and other pulaory military service; voluntary .
means provided for the evaporation of service sufficed. We then had about >
water tn the living room. Not only are 200.000 men. mostly former soldiers, I
A new distinction la claimed by Congressman Arthur M. Free of Califor rooms In which the air has a high per and members of the Jeunesses com- |
Thia building, the Japanese embassy in Washington, will be a busy
nia. who la serving hit first term In the house, that of having two seta of centage of moisture more economically muntsts. The Caecho-Slovaklan af place during the conference on limitation of armaments and Far Eastern
twins, in addition to another son..- The photograph shows him with hta five heated, hut living conditions are more fair, however, came to our aid.
questions. The Japanese delegation will number about two hundred, and
children.
"You remember that adventure? many of the party will be accommodated tn one of the large hotels.
healthful
Congressman Free’s Proud Boast
Japanese Embassy in Washington
1
I