Three More Names in the Hall of Fame
At Historic Salem Bridge.
CREED FOR
AMERICANS
B E L I E V E ¡a th a U n it e d S ta te s a f
A m a rie s as a g o v e r a m e a t o f tk a
p e o p le, by tk s p e o p le , f o r tk e p e o p le;
w hose ju s t p o w ers a r e d e riv e d fr o m
tk e co a s e a t o f tk e g o v e ra e d ; a d e ­
m o cracy io a r e p u b lic ; a a o v e ra ig a
n a tio n o f m a n y s o v a re ig a s ta te s ; a
p e r fe c t u n io n , e a e an d in s e p a ra b le ;
e s ta b lis k e d u p o o tk o s e p rin c ip le s o f
fr e e d o m , e q u a lity , ju s tic e a n d h u ­
m a n ity f o r w k ic k A m e ric a n p a tr io ts
s a c rific e d t k e ir liv es s a d fo rtu n e s .
I tk e r e fo r a k s lie v e i t is m y d u ty
to m y c o u n try to lo v e it , to s u p p o rt
its c o a s titu tio a , to o b e y its la w s , to
resp ect its fla g s a d to d e fe n d i t
a g a in s t a ll onsm ies.
I
A view of the hall of fame at New York University during the unveiling of tublets to William Cullen Bryant,
Joseph Choate and Mark Twain; and photograph of Doctor Brown, chancellor of the university, speaking at the Im­
pressive services.
Small Is Cost
of U.S. Schools
Commissioner of Education Gives
Figures of Expenditures
in This Country.
bered that these figures Include not
only the cost of instruction, but also
expenditures for buildings, grounds,
equipment, repairs, fuel and all Inci­
dentals, Including In many cities and
states books and supplies.
The range Is from $63 per Individ­
ual person In Alabama aud Mississippi
to $637 In Montana, the Montana rate
being almost exactly ten times that
Counting Children of Kindergarten o f Alabama and Mississippi. The Ill­
Age There Are More Than Thirty
inois range Is $539. The average for
Million Children of School Age In
the United States is only $252.
AVERAGE IS $515 FOR PUPIL
the United States.
By P. P. CLAXTO N.
(U nited S ta tes C om m issioner o f E duca­
tion.)
Considered alone, expenditures for
public education In the United States
may seem large. Figures and com­
parisons recently published In many
newspa|iers show how small they are
when compared with expenditures for
other purposes, public and private.
These expenditures are also small
In comparison with the number of chil­
dren to be educuted. We forget how
numerous a people we have come to
tie. In thinking of hundreds of mil­
lions of dollars for public schools, we
forget that there are lens of millions
of boys and girls to be educated.
Keenly conscious of the size of the
dividend, we forget the size of the
divisor. We forget that thege are
In the United States moro than twen­
ty-seven million boys and girls between
the ages of six and nineteen—that Is,
between the age at which children
In most states enter school and the
age of those who graduate from the
high school having gone through the
grades of the elementary school with­
out the loss of more than one year.
If children of kindergarten age are
counted In there are more than thirty
millions.
The Cost
Just how much do we pay for the
education of these children?
The first of three tables giving de­
tails show how much wus spent on
an uverage In the public schools of
each of the states for the education
of each child of the generation of
children entering school In the fall
of I960 and reaching the normal age
of high school graduation In 1018.
The figures given In each case show
as nearly as can be computed from re-
js»rts made to the United States bu­
reau of education just how much hns
been spent to make all the difference
between total Illiteracy and the luck
of all school training of this genera­
tion of hoys and girls and that which
they did get In the public elementary
and high schools. May It therefore
fairly he taken as the measure of the
value of such education In the minds
of the people? It should be remem-
at the rate of expenditures In 1918
would be paid for all education—ele­
mentary, secondary, higher, technical
and professional, that Is, how much
would be spent on the average for all
the school education of all the chil­
dren In public elementary schools and
high schools and In colleges, universi­
ties, technical and professional schools
of all kinds. The range would be from
$111 In Mississippi to $1,274 in Mon­
tana, again somewhat too high, and
the average for the United States
would be $446. Illinois, In this third
table. Is put down at $431.
Grand Average I t $515.
There were as merry soldiers In the
days of the American Revolution as
there are now.
One of the most
laughable figures in the Continental
army was Doctor Skinner, a waggish
surgeon whose huge fur cap and long
beard made him the butt of the sol­
diers everywhere. When asked by a
teasing comrade why he wore such
a lengthy beard, he answered: “It
Is a secret, sir, betwixt my God and
myself, that human impertinence shall
never penetrate.”
And this same
doughty surgeon, who was always
ready to pick a quarrel In private,
took excellent care of his precious
person on the battlefield. ‘‘Every man
has his sphere of action,” said he,
“beyond the limits of which he ought
never to emerge. Mine amidst the
tumults of war, the conflicts of battle,
Is In the rear. There I am always
Here the First Armed Resistane« to
to be found I I am firm at my post 1”
Royal Authority Waa Made by the Pa­
The Stars and Stripes is not the And nobly he lived up to his prin­ triotic Colonials.
flag of a ruler or an individual. When ciple 1
One night when an alarm sounded.
General Grant was a candidate for
the Presidency he saw a flag with his Colonel Lee rushed forward to learn
name attached to It and exclaimed, the cause and met Doctor Skinner In
Take down that flag or take my full retreat. “What’s the matter, doc­
name from It; the man has never yet tor?” called Colonel Lee. “Whither
Not frightened, I hope!”
been born whose name Is great so fast?
enough to put upon the flag of my “No, colonel, nol” replied the doctor
hurriedly.
“Not absolutely fright­
country."
It is the flag of all the people. It ened, but, I candidly confess, most
Is the emblem of our unity, safety and terribly alarmed!”
Among other merry wags In the Con­
faith. Into whatever parties we may
be divided by varying political convic­ tinental army was an Irishman named
tions, as a single person we take our Levlngstone. He belonged to Marlon's
A study of parallels serves to es­
stand under the one flag. It is not
tablish the fact, seemingly forgotten,
the badge of a particular policy, but
that Rochambeau rendered no minor
of a complex agreement of privileges
aid, but was the Immediate Instru­
and checks.
ment of Providence for the triumph
The flag Is the only thing we have
of the sacred cause of freedom, just
about which to twine our national
as Pershing and his army were the
sentiment. We have no royal family;
final weapons of Foch to smite the
we have no hereditary aristocracy;
oppressor, writes Margaret B. Down­
we are pledged to no political party.
ing In the Catholic World. From the
Of any country we have the least race
military standpoint, then, there can be
pride; we can scarcely be said to
no controversy over the success with
have any distinctive art or music
which the commander-ln-chlef of the
As the grave of the martyred Koscl-
"Declare Your Principles!"
French allied army executed the be­
uscko Is made of a handful of earth
from every battlefield of long-suffer- brigade. One very dark night he was nevolent Intentions of his king.
separated from his companions and, as Rochambeau, however, too often fig­
he was wandering around, he was sud­ ures In the American mind solely as
denly surrounded by a troop of horse­ a symbol of the friendship of France,
men, and a pistol was pressed agalDst gained through painful, weary efforts
his breast. “Declare Instantly to what of Franklin, Jefferson and other great
-party you belong,” shouted a harsh fathers of the republic. It Is full time
voice, “or you are a dead man 1” Lev­ that he should be known for the
lngstone peered through the darkness, splendid, virile, unusual traits of
but could not make out the uniforms character which his contemporaries
of the troopers. “1 think, sir,” said have ever accorded him. He was ever an
he cautiously, “It would be a little upright, religious man. He is a figure
more In the way of civility If you were to fill the canvas, no matter who takes
to drop a hint. Just to let me know
which side of this question you are
pleased to favor.” “No Jesting I”
roared the trooper.
“Declare your
principles or die I” “Then,” shouted
Levlngstone, “I will not die with a
lie In my mouth 1 American!—to the
extremity, you spalpeen I So do your
worst I” “You are an honest fellow!”
laughed the horseman.
“We are
friends, and 1 rejoice to meet a man
faithful as you are to the cause of
your country 1”—New York Evening
Post Magazine.
Betsy Roes House
To this $446 should be added about
—probably not quite so much—for
expenditures of private schools of all
kinds, elementary and secondary, pri­
vate commercial schools, and schools
for the deaf, blind, the feeble-minded
aud other special classes of children.
The grand total of $515 represents
Comparisons.
In a country In which we blithely what at the J918 rate the people of
acknowledge that nil things watt on the United States would pay on an av­
education—the public health, material erage for all the opportunities of edu­
prosperity and wealth, social purity, cation, public and private, higher and
civic righteousness, political wisdom, lower; for all the difference which
the strength and safety of state and schooling makes between a generation
nation, and, finally, the liiing for which of total Illiterates lacking In all the
all these exist—that is, the individual training of the schools, and the condi­
welfare and happiness of the people tion we would have as the result of
—we have recklessly (''recklessly” Is a continuation of the 1918 rate of ex­
probably the word) spent $252 per penditure for education and traiuiug
child that the attainment of all these In the schools.
Since In the figures for the United
tilings may be assured. Since less
than 70 per cent of all the money ex­ States as a whole and those for each
pended for public schools goes for In­ of the states are Included the ex­
struction, only $175 of the $252 was penditures for many who will go
paid for actuul Instruction. We fre­ through college, for many more who
quently have complaints that the In­ will go through the high school, and
struction and training of the boys and for still more who will get more than
girls who leave the schools Is not as their share of the average In city
extensive and thorough as It should schools and country schools having
ba What should we expect fori $173? comparatively long terms, the actual
For the generation of boys and girls amount puld for the education of the
reaching the age of high school gradu­ large number of children whose school­
ation In 1966 the average per capita ing Is confined to the elementary
was $140. For the elementary and grades of the city schools and of the
secondary education of the million of short-term country schools must be
men nnd women In the United States pitifully small.
Does It Pay?
now between the ages of twenty-one
As a matter of Investment and busi­
and thirty-five the average puld wus
ness economy, alone, the thoughtful
$200.
man will a sk : Does It pay to spend
An Average.
The second tnble shows what would an average of $515 on the education
be spent on the average for the edu­ of the children of the nation, or would
cation of each child of those (some­ It be better to save this money, close
thing more tliau two und u quarter all our public schools, and let the W here the F irst United S ta tes F la g Is
millions) who reached the school age next generation of men and women
T hought to H ave Been Made.
of six years In 1918 If the average ex­ depend wholly on their unspoiled nnd
unimproved
native
ability
J
Is
It
prob­
Ing
Poland,
so our flag Is woven of
penditures for that year were to he
continued until 1931 when these hoys able that on the average these men nnd every thread of our national strug­
nnd girls will have reached the nor­ women will because of the education gles. Because It alone represents all
mal age of graduation from the high which they receive from the schools the principles which our forefathers
school. In only one state would the and colleges, universities, technical upheld, because It Is a constant re­
amount be less than $166, nnd the av­ and professional schools, produce $512 minder of duties heroically performed
erage for the United States would he more during their lives than they and of errors and defects retrieved
$359. The figures for Montana ($1274) would If nothing were spent on their through suffering and sacrifice, be­
cause It testifies to a century and a
are no doubt too large, the number education?
half of enlightened progress and
of children of school age In that state
In 1918 being lnrger than the number GIVES LIFE TO SAVE HIS SON prophesies all the hope and assurance
of our future, It still has power to
calculated on this basts of the esti­
mates of the total population made Father Reaches River Bank With direct thought and concentrate emo­
tion, to make the hot blood throb In
by the bureau of census. The same
Drowning Boy, Then Sinks
the heart of every citizen.
Is probably true, but in a smaller de­
From View.
It* white stands for purity. Its red
gree, for California ($546). Illinois'
average In this table Is the same as
Philadelphia.—Stanley Shlrery of for valor. Its blue for Justice. To­
In the first, $539.
Westlnghouse Village was drowned gether they form a trinity of social
The third table shows how much In saving the life of his 12-year-old virtues which It Is our Inherited priv­
son. The man sank In view of sev­ ilege to honor and uphold aud promul­
eral persons along the river bank, who gate over the whole earth. As a na­
were powerless to aid him. Ills body tion we are pledged to let no human
power dim the brightness of that
was recovered.
Shlrery and his son, with John Bail­ galaxy, but to establish It forever In
ey of the same village, went Ashing. tha observance of order, In the oba-
While leaning over, the son evidently dlence to law. In the recognition of
became dizzy and fell Into the stream. human right and In the immortal love­
The elder Shlrery plunged Into the liness of world-brotherhood. We have
stream and reached for the boy os he rebaptized It the emblem of democ­
was disappearing beneath the surface. racy’s fairest flower and the flaming
of
resistless
destruction
With his arm around the neck of meteor
his son, Shlrery managed to reach the against all tyranny.
hank. Bailey, leaning far over the
RAISING BLAZES.
stream, took the limp form from the
father. Bailey then reached for Shiv­
ery, but his last vestige of strength
had gone. With safety only a few
Inches from him he sank from view.
R ocham beau’s
Honors Minute Men
A «<*«.
To Bomb Former German Warships
Boy* Ordered Home Nights.
Greenfield, Ind.—Seven boys, all
under the age of twelve years, found
guilty In city court the other day
by Mayor Myers of taking pennies
from milk hotties set on porches, were
sentenced to stay at home after six
o'clock In the evening for 36 days.
Their parents are Instructed to en­
force the sentence and not penult any
of the boys to leave their homes be­
tween 6 p. m. and 6 a. tn. unless
accompanied by their parents.
Arsenate of Lead Poisoned Eight.
Dexter, Kan.—Eight persons are
fighting against death by slow poison­
o , i o ^ . o o a~ o s, isix
o . o
ing. caused by eating a rake. The
- o —
» . » ©
rake waa made with arsenate of lead.
Members of the bombing cr e w from the U. S. naval air station at Rock­ Instead of augar, through a mistake.
"Say. how do psopl* raise blazeel*
away Beach, who will take part In the destruction of the former German bat­ It was eaten at a family reunion pic­
"By sheetin' off skyrocket* and re»
tleships Ostfrtedlund and Frankfort nt Hampton Roads, V * . shortly.
nic six miles northeast of Dexter.
man candle*."
Commemorating th * Brave Deed* of
the “ Embattled Farmers," Thia Mon­
ument to Revolutionary Patriots Is a
Shrine Inexpressibly Dear to Every
American Heart.
Robert Morris True P atrio t
On the day that Robert Morris
signed the Declaration he was the
wealthiest and greatest merchant In
Philadelphia. He purchased goods In
England and sold them here at a large
profit His ships were on the ocean.
He had a hot house and an lce-honse.
the first in America. No price he
might have asked would have gone un­
accepted or unpaid by the British gov­
ernment—James B. Morrow In the De
trait Free Pres*
up the brush to paint him. Wash­
ington shows him as the honest col­
league and dependable ally from the
moment he set foot on American soli.
In his greeting to the commander of
the Colonial forces, the French gen­
eral wrote: “I send you a copy of
my Instructions as well, for I feel that
If we are to co-operate usefully I
must have no secrets from my gen­
eral.” In the late days of February,
1784, when Washington, another Cln-
ctnnatus, was busy with the cares of
husbandry about Mouut Vernon, anC
Rochambeau, honored by his king, al­
so for the nonce rested on his sword,
he wrote that immortal eulogy to his
former associate which may be found
graven on the statue of the French
hero In Jackson square, Washington,
‘ We have been contemporaries and
friends in the cause of Liberty and
we have lived together as brothers
should. In harmonious friendship.”
There Is one splendid saying handed
down by the loyal Closen. When
France danced madly In the red
stream, after she had executed her
Bourbon king and his Hapsburg con­
sort, Rochambeau, last marshal of
France under the dynasty, gathered
his bewildered army and offered his
services to the awful tribunal. His
old friends and aristocratic kindred
reproached him for making peace with
the enemy, and hinted at unworthy
motives. Then the hero of Yorktown
and of a half-century of war* drew
himself up haughtily and flinging hts
sword on high,
be
exclaimed:
“France I whoever rules her, my best
and my all.”
Occupations of the Signer*
Among the signers of the Declara­
tion the physicians were Josiah Bart­
lett of New Hampshire, Lyman Hall
of Georgia. Benjamin Rush of Penn­
sylvania. Matthew Thornton of New
Hampshire and Oliver Wolcott of Con­
necticut.
The Connecticut delegation was one
of varied occupations,
embracing
a physician, a sailor, a shoemaker and
a “statesman.” It also contained *
lawyer, Samuel Huntington.