Would Disarm
German Science
pie and government of what Is an ii-
mensely powerful factor. That is, the
scientific development which make»
for the progress of civilization and
upon which, to a vast extent, the
safety of tbe country Is dependent
Without such a general understanding.
It will be difficult or impossible to
awaken our fellow countrymen to the
menace of our unpreparedness In such
matters, so as to secure that wide
spread education and individual pro
ficiency in science which is our safe
guard. With It, there will be no dif
ficulty, whatsoever. In getting con
gress to enact such legislation as will
foster and stimulate not only our syn
thetic dye and nitrogen industries, but
also our chemical warfare and air
Such action will have an
services.
Immediate and far-reaching beneficial
effect upon the entire course of our
development In science, at a time when
the world is looking to us for a
lead in such matters.”
have In this country a well-developed
chemical warfare service. The speak
er was of the opinion that chemical
warfare was yet in its Infancy, and
that after it had run its course the
military art might also Invoke medical
and biological warfare, which could
be done by the dissemination of
germs and diseuse.
He therefore
maintained that the military efficiency
Scientist Declares What Country Needs of the future would depend in large
Is a Well-Organized Chemical War
measure upon science.
fare Service—Exports Should
"Most fundamental Of nil, however,”
Be Regulated.
he concluded, "for all else rests upon
it, is an intelligent grasp by our peo-
Wilmington, Del.—How German sci
ence, unless checkmated by the Intel
ligence of other nations, still will men
ace the peace of the world, was told
by Dr. Marston T. Bogert of Colum
bia university in an address, “Sci
ence and Disarmament,” delivered be
fore the Delaware section of the
American Chemical society.
Doctor Bogert su id thut in chemical
matters disarmament both for Ger
many and the allies must provide for
the definite reduction and control of
tbe coal supply, of the fixation of
atmospheric nitrogen, which is the
s es
mother substance of ail explosives,
' sir
and also the reduction of the synthetic
dye plants which are the sources of
all poison gases and the actual man-
ufacturers of most of the explosives
used in war.
"p.p.: *
Regulate Exports,
"Exports of all such substances,'
- -
continued Doctor Bogert, "should be
‘ f. ...
.Pys ■
carefully regulated, for export trade
is the familiar excuse for the main
tenance and expansion of colossal
plants of latent war possibilities. The
same disarmament commission might
be very keen for the dismantling of
the Krupp establishment at Essen, and
yet not bat an eye over the continu
ance and expansion of mammoth ar
senals, camouflaged as dye factories
or agricultural chemical works, al
INTERNATIONAL
though the actual military damage
inflicted upon Germany might be
Thirty-five Indians, some of them In tribuí costume, called at the White
much greater were the dye and nitro
gen factories destroyed than if the House to recommend the appointment of Thomas L, Sloan of Nebraska as
Indian commissioner. The photograph shows President Harding showing Jane
Essen plant were razed.
“For example,” asserted Doctor Bo- Z. Gordon, a Wyandotte from Oklahoma, about the White House grounds.
gert, “if the allies fail to reduce di-
rectly the present German supremacy
in synthetic dye and nitrogen fixation
plants, there will be no safety for this
country until we have a development
of those vital Industries here superior
to that of Germany.”
The Columbia scientist took excep
tion to the view of General March,
chief of staff of the United States
army, who in opposing the extension
of the chemical warfare service said
United States for public education,
that he would keep those substances Americans Spend More in One elementary and secondary, $762,259,-
used in tbe manufacture of poison gas
Year for Luxuries Than in
154; for normal schools for the train
from being imported Into Germany,
ing of teachers, $20,414,689 ; for higher
300
Years
for
Education,
and thus keep down the poison gas
education In the colleges, universities
output. The speaker said that from
and professional and technical schools,
such simple substances as salt, coke
whether supported by public taxation
or charcoal and air, could be manufac-
or privately endowed, $137,055,415.
tured phosgene and chlorine?
The grand total was $919,729,258. In
“All that Is necessary, therefore,”
the 50 years from 1870 to 1920, we
observed Doctor Bogert, Ironically, “Is United States Commissioner of Educa paid for public elementary and high
to remove from Germany all the salt
tion Gives Some Startling Fig
schools $12,457,484,563 ; for normal
underground or close the salt mines,
ures on a Great American Delu-
schools, $291,111,232; for higher educa
and to exclude Germany from access
aion—Face Powder Costs.
tion In tax-supported and privately en
to the ocean ; to place a similar ban
dowed colleges, universities and tech
upon the sulphur mines and the smelt
Washington. D. O.—P. P. Claxton, nical schools, $1,804,200,272, a total of
ing of sulphur ores; to Interdict the commissioner of education, exposes In $14,552,796,037 for the 50 years.
raising of sugar beets and other sac- a formal statement what he considers
"For the years preceding 1870:
charifereous crops, and to cut down the great delusion of the American $2,000,000,000 for public elementary
all the forests—since cellulose, which people—namely, that from time im and secondary schools, $3,000,000 for
is obtained from these sources, can memorial they have strained their normal schools and $150,000,000 for
be converted into alcohol. As all mod purse strings in behalf of learning und higher education would be very liberal
ern warfare depends upon nitric add that the public schools—elementary, estimates. Adding these to the totals
and as nitric acid Is now being made secondary and higher—constitute our given will make a grand total of about
from the nitrogen of the air, It Is chief financial burden.
$14,500,000,000 for public elementary
equally clear that this manufacture
In a formidable array of figures Mr. and secondary schools, $295.000.000
can be easily and completely stopped Claxton shows that the people of the for normal schools and $1,950,000,000
by excluding the atmosphere also United States spent more for luxuries for higher education, approximately
from Germany.
Except for these in the single year 1920 than has been $16,645,000,000 for public schools, ele-1
slight objections, the plan Is doubt spent on education In tile 300 years mentary, secondary, normal schools
less an admirable one.”
which practically cover the entire his- and higher education in schools of all
Chemical Warfare in Infancy.
tory of the country.
kinds from the beginning of our his-
Doctor Bogert declared that In or
tory until 1020.
Educational Costa for Fifty Years.
der to cope successfully with n nation
“In 1918, the Inst year for which
“Making nil due allowances for
having such skill In chemistry as has complete reports have been compiled,” defective returns, the total amount
Germany, It would be necessary to says the statement, “we spent in the spent for public euucation In 1918, In
eluding current expenditures for prl-j
vate and endowed colleges and univer
sities, and all expenditures for capital
Investment in buildings and equip-
ment, was less thnn n billion of dol
lars. According to government re-1
turns for 1920, the people of the United
States spent for luxuries In that year
$22,700,000,000 ; more than twenty-two |
times as much as they spent for educa
tion only two years before, and $6,000,-
At
000,000, or 30 per cent, more than we
9
have spent for education ir all our
history.
t
For Face Powder and Joy Rides.
“Expenditures for luxuries In 1920
included among other Items:
Still Menace to Peace Unless
Checkmated by Intelligence
of Other Nations.
BOGERT POINTS OUT DANGER
First Cabinet Meeting of Harding Administration
P
$ §
/ i
s
i
f
I
%.
re
-4,
More on Luxury
Than Education
WE ARE A PAMPERED NATION
Goes Back to Live in the Trees
A
For face powder, cosmetica, per-
fumes, etc...................................................:
$750.000,000
Furs
................................................................
300,000,000 i
Soft drinks ...................................................
350,000,000 |
Toilet soaps .................................................... 400,000,000 1
Cigarettes .......................................................... . 800,000,000 I
Cigars
................................................................... 510,000,000
Tobacco and snuff.................................... 800,000,000
Jewelry
..............................................
500,000,000
Luxurious service ..............................
3,000,000,000
Joy rides, pleasure resorts and
races
Chewing gum
Ice cream ....
...............
3,000.000,000
.
50,000,000
. 250,000,000
"We think we believe In education,”
concluded the statement. "No doubt
we do believe In education tn a way.
but we have not paid and we do not
pay much for U."
5Y
n •
)"
This nature-loving Oregonian has picked out this natural platform In
big tree on the edge of ■ small town and plans to build a house ou it.
Snake Crawling In Snow.
Beaver Dam, Wis— While hauling
wood near Lost lake. Ernest Dowe of
Reaver Data found a snake crawling
In the show, and the only way to con
vince local residents of his “find" was
to take the snake home, which be did.
--=== =--
‘ s w ende
•
cee,
LU.
... " “aotort ordo
s.
Indians Call on the President
3
: —" A
# ' 1 -4
7
’s
a,
wen.
2..
t
4
te *
-
‘has.
sr...
: is
acres
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** ! 2 s hey ; : 43 . AWes. s
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This photograph was made ut the first cabinet meeting of the Harding administration. From left to right, back
row: President Harding, Secretary of the Treasury Andrew W. Mellon. Attorney General Harry M. Daugherty,
Secretary of the Navy Edw’ 1 Denby, Secretary of Agriculture Henry C. Wallace, and Secretary of Labor James J.
Davis. Vice President Coolidge is seated at tbe far end of the table. Front row, left to right: Secretary of State
Charles E. Hughes, Secretary of War John W. Weeks, Postmaster General Will H. Hays, Secretary of the Interior
Albert B. Fall, and Secretary of Commerce Herbert C. Hoover. The attendance of the vice president is an Inno
vation.
Pluck and Good
Sense Win Again
Farmer and Business Man Show
Faith in Country During Pe
riod of Readjustment.
HAD THEIR FUN, NOW PAYING
Forget the Experiences of Last Few
Years and Get to Work in Har-
mony With New Order of
Things, Slogan Now.
By E. J. HEYWOOD.
"My country ‘tis of thee.
Sweet land of liberty—"
And, oh, boy ! it is some country,
too. It is the best country, inhabit-
ed by the finest people under the sun.
Once in a while, when the tide of
business becomes riffled and taxes are,
as we think, a little high, we may
harbor some thoughts about our coun
try, thoughts which a moment later
we are ashamed of. Just lately some
few of us had an idea that every
thing is going to the bow-wows. But
don’t you believe It.
In this readjustment we have all
taken some pretty hard wallops, and
at times have felt tough luck was
coming to us in bigger chunks than
to our neighbor, We have perhaps
been a little bit resentful and sore,
inclined, perhaps, to retaliation.
Because we are Americans, living In
this “swcet laud of liberty,” this idea
cannot and lias not persisted, Ev-
erybody knows better.
All In Same Boat
Everybody has been hit and hit
hard. But what of It. We are all In
the same boat. The merchant has
suffered no more than the manufac
turer, nor the farmer more than the
merchant All lines of business were
affected In this readjustment, and we
all expected It.
No one believed for a moment that
things could go on indefinitely ns they
have been going for the last few years
mounting
—increased food costs,
wages, soaring raw material and mer-
chandise prices and back again to
higher food costs.
It was a vicious circle. bound to
break, sooner or later, break of Its
own weight because the idea support
ing it was wrong economically and
because it was converting a generally
sensible and healthy people Into a lot
of nervous wrecks. We couldn’t stand
the pace and just had to stop. It was
some spree and good fun while it
lasted.
Every period of dissipation must be
followed by a period of headaches
and expense accounts. And no one
escaped this time.
They couldn’t
Everybody was in the game and
couldn’t get out until their share of
the music and the fireworks had been
paid.
But nobody squealed.
Like good
sports, which is just a synonym for
good Americans, they paid and went
back to work.
How the Farmer Is Thinking.
The farmer’s story Is about like
this: “I lost money in 1920 due to
high cost of seed, farm machinery,
fertilizers, labor and everything else.
When I was ready to sell my crops I
found that the prices of the things I
raised had gone down overnight. But
I knew it was coming. Food is the
thing people buy the most of and the
price of food had to come down be-
fore wages could be adjusted. And
I suppose the price slide might as well
start with me as any place. While
I lost money in 1920 I find when I av
erage things up that the last five
years, including 1920, have made more
money for me than any other five
years I can remember, and I hope the
next five are just as good. Whether
they are or not Is up to me. I be
lieve hustling is the answer, so watch
my dust.”
Merchant’s Idea of Things.
The merchant is not outdone in this
spirit of optimism and his reply to in-
qulry is this: “Yes, I went into red
figures on my readjustment of prices
January first, But what of It? So
did everybody else. The farmer, of
course, get it first and I am sorry.
He has had a hard row, but if he
will average the last five years the
same as I, he will decide that fortune
has been pretty kind to him. We are
not saying much about our losses be
cause the other fellow has his own
troubles which are enough without
listening to our tale of woe. The
thing to do Is to forget the experiences
of the last few years and get to work
in harmony with the new order of
things. Resentment and harsh words
won’t accomplish anything, and there
Is no occasion for either. We have
had our fun and now we are paying
the piper.”
Manufacturer Believes In Work.
And then the manufacturer comes
In with his story: “It was some party
while it lasted and now we have to
settle. What we were fined for our
little dissipation was just what we
deserved and expected, It came a lit-
tie sudden and caught us with a lot
of raw material and contracts for
supplies at the worse than war prices.
Tbe other fellow though was caught
the same way. There Is no use cry
ing over spilled milk, so we went
ahead and adjusted our costs to the
new order of things, put our sales
force through some intensive training
and sent them out after business. Tbe
orders are not coming as easy as they
did once, but we are getting them and
expect to be on full time very soon.'
You can tell the world for us that ev
erything is all right. We are not wor
rying about the future because we are
working, and the fellow who works
and sweats is going to come through
O. K.”
These statements from the farmer,
the merchant, the manufacturer are
not imaginary. Each Is a composite re
hearsal of the story told to us by each
class In our recent trade survey. They
represent the view point of the aver-
age American. No time wasted In
vain regrets, but a frank admission
that readjustment is a necessary evil,
and on it everyone is due to lose,
The pluck, nerve and good sense
which have always been the predomi
nating characteristics • of the good
sound American are more in evidence
now than ever, and the man or wom
an, who right now Is defiant in any
one of them, is Just naturally out of
luck. That’s all. The country is as
sound as a nut—is not going to the
dogs.
Record
Savings Bank
Deposits.
If concrete figures are needed to
convince any skeptic, your banker will
tell you this:
First, that the year 1919 was a ban
ner for savings bank deposits, and la
the history of this country the figures
of 1919 have been beaten but once,
and that—now get this—was in the
year just past, the year everyone bas
been complaining about, 1920.
Second, that, while the farmer now
constitutes but one-half of the total
population of this little old U. S.,
more than half, about CO per cent of
these savings deposits are in the
names of the tillers of the soil.
If you meet any croakers, treat ’em
rough.
Tell them what you know
about the situation and invite them
to join with you in singing
"My country ‘tis of thee.
Sweet land of 'liberty—"
Here’s Villa, Retired Bandit
Wakes Amid Flowers,
Denies He Is Dead
Geneva.—A case of a man’s
heart ceasing to beat 14 hours
and then resuming work Is re
ported from Berne, where a
pastor of that city. Reverend
Baudenbacher, after being of-
ficially declared dead, suddenly
awoke.
Reverend Mr. Baudenbacher,
aged fifty, and suffering from
heart trouble of long standing.
fell senseless recently. His phy
sicians issued a death certifi
cate, and arrangements were
made for tbe funeral. The pas-
cr awoke after 14 hours, hur-
prised to find his bedroom filled
with flowers, wreaths, disconso
late relations and friends. He
said weakly, “My call has not
yet come."
The funeral has been post
poned Indefinitely, and the doc
tors say he may live for years.
UNDERWOOD
& UNDERWOOO
Here’s Francisco I ilia, the Mexican bandit, now a law-abiding citizen on
his big ranch at Canutillo, with which the Mexican government bought him
off. The children are his nine-year-old daughter, Michaela, who playa the
piano, and his seven-year-old son, Augustin, who is a wonderful horseman.