How It Looks
Now in France
tailed girls and black-smocked boys
declaiming the fact that the Amazon
is a river in l’Amerique du Sud or that
Ceylon is an island where the tea
comes from.
School In a Barracks.
Laboring with them patiently, his
brow furrowed by his sense of the
time that has been lost, you see a
The Soldier Who Goes Back to Hit fatherly young Frenchman. Perhaps
he was a corporal at Verdun when the
Dugout In the Woods Is Likely to
armistice was signed.
Find That Only the Raina
As the American in France sees all
Have Reshaped IL
There Is Not Much Change Ex
*
cept in the Spaces Between
the Villages.
SHOWS HAVOC UNDISTURBED
the preposterous havoc and blight still
In force, he finds himself thinking of
pleasant suburbs back In America,
comfortable, well fed America, of tidy
lawns and children romping off to
school, of country clubs and poker
games and silk stockings and squan­
dered wealth. And of people who say :
“Oh, forget about the war." And he
begins to feel a certain tingling re­
sentment at America.
But then the train wheezes into
Paris and his taxi whirls him away to
boulevards all gay with bustling peo­
ple and restaurants with groaning ta­
bles and such food and drink as only
the Old World knows. He sees luxury
and ease and extravagance on every
side and he realizes then that all the
selfishness and forgetfulness In the
world Is not American.
Use of Forests Is
Increasing in U. S
America Decorates French Heroes
7
g {
%
I
SHELLED BY ACCIDENT
New York.—To any American com­
ing back from Frunce these days, the
Sobs as He Tells of
first greeting from a quondam mem­
ber of the A. E. F. is always this:
Son Taking Fortune
"Well, how’s It look over there?
Changed much?”
Montreal, Que.—A tragic story
To which, after some futile short­
of a father’s misplaced confi­
lived notion of describing the great
dence which enabled his son to
mutilated stretch of France, with its
wreck the family fortune during
million discouragements and its thou­
his absence abroad was bared on
sand and one evidences of renewing
the witness stand before Justice
life, the returning wanderer must
McLennan In Superior court by
needs answer :
C. H. Cahan, K. C., one of
"No, not much.”
Canada's most distinguished
For the Impression that the old bat­
lawyers.
tlefields make Is of havoc undisturbed,
The witness burst into tears
paralysis uncured, Alexander Wooll­
when he told how he had con­
cott writes in the North American
ferred power of attorney on his
Review. The soldier who goes back
son, C. H. Cahan, Jr., trusting
to his old dugout in the woods near
him absolutely to carry on his
Grand Pre is likely to find that only
affairs while on a European trip,
the steady rains have reshaped it, that
and returning home only to dis­
the old helmet the shell-hit blew from
cover that he had been betrayed ;
his head still lies where it fell two
that his son had absconded and
years ago and more. The villages of
the family fortune had been
the Meuse, the Ourcq, the Vesle and
wiped out.
the Aisne look much as they did when
The remarkable case was re­
the American troops trudged out of
vealed through a suit brought by
them for the last time. It Is true that
the Corporation Agencies, Limit­
the rubble is gone from the streets,
ed, against the Home Bank of
During the spectacular fire on an
and the litter of stone has been re­
Canada to recover $209,028, the
ammunition barge at Fort Hamilton,
duced to neat plies of assorted pieces.
alleged defalcations of the son.
a 10-lnch shell crashed through the
The legal Issue rests on whether
Here and there a rough new cottage
wall of a house a mile away and
the bank can be held to make
has been fashioned from the materials
plunged down to the cellar. Fortu­
of its demolished predecessor. At in­
good the amount.
nately the family were all out watch­
tervals there are unfamiliar shacks
ing the fire.
and barracks. But on the whole, Mont-
faucon and Fere-en-Tardenols and Ju­
vigny—they all look much as they did
when the Yanks started home. Vaux
that little Marne village which the ar­
tillery behind the ninth Infantry blew
to bits in the excitement of June, 1018
—Vaux has only one new building. It
is not much of a building at that—just
*-------------------------------------------------
a shack of wood and tarpaper. And
reational settlements within the An-
it Is not a dwelling at all. It is a National Reserves Becoming Rec
geles forest will pay the entire cost
buvette.
reation Grounds for Campers of protection and administration.
Where Improvements Are Seen.
Many western communities are rec-
the
vil-
the
spaces
between
It is In
and Summer Residents.
ognizing the recreational resources of
lages that the change Is so remark-
nearby national forests as one of their
able. You see It even In the rolling
greatest assets and privileges, Col.
land of the Argonne and the blasted
Greeley
says, and are establishing com­
countryside of the Chemin-des-Dames.
munity camps under more or less for­
For almost everywhere some tilling
mal organization.
has been done.
No Charge to Public.
Visitors to the American groves near Income Promises to Be Important
The picnic camps are improved by
Juvigny in the spring of 1919 maryeled
Source of Revenue to the United
the construction of fireplaces, rustic
to find that the old quarries along
States—Specially Trained Men
tables and seats, and are made avail­
the ravine on the aide of the town,
Needed in Service.
able to the public without any charge.
which had once served as divisional
The vacation camps under municipal
headquarters, message centers and
Washington.—That the use of the
dugouts In time of buttle, were then national forests for recreational pur­ direction charge merely the expense
serving as homes for the first six of poses Is Increasing rapidly and blds of feeding and caring for the succes­
sive groups of city people who enjoy
the returning families, so that children fair to rank third among the major
their privileges.
were playlug with the useless gas services performed by the national
The growth of the recreational re­
masks out In front while Spartan forests, with only timber production
sources of the national forests is so
bloomed
at
cave
en
­
perce-neiges
nnd stream flow regulation taking pre­ rapid that specially trained men are
trances and tile week's wash flapped cedence over it, Is the statement made needed to direct and plan for the most
by Col. W. B. Greeley, head of the for­
In the wind.
effective development of this service,
Now another winter and another est service. In his annual report. Many
Col. Greeley says.
summer have gone by. The fields near- summer homes are being erected in
The protection of wild life and the
by have been largely cleared of their the national forests by private indi­
recognition of the national forests as
wire und shells and have yielded some viduals, and the use of forests for natural breeding grounds of fish and
food and a little income to Juvigny. other forms of out-of-door recreation game Is closely related to the develop­
Perhaps 290 people are back In the was greater during the past year than ment of the recreational resources. To
town.
ever before.
make more effective the work of game
The summer home business promises protection, In co-operation with the
It is because of this scantiness of
reconstruction us far us home build­ to become an Important source of rev­ state and local authorities, and to se­
ing goes that, as you walk along a enue, Col. Greeley points out. On the cure better development of the fish
ruined street, Juvigny seems a de­ Angeles forest In southern California, and game resources of the national
serted city. But It Is hardly that and for example, a total of 1.329 permits forests, Col. Greeley believes that con­
you realize us much with something for summer residences and commercial gress should make provision for the
of a thrill when In a clearing amid resorts were, he says. In effect at the establishment of game sanctuaries
the rubble, you come upon a barrack close of the past fiscal year. The within which wild life may find se­
and catch through the windows the revenue from this one Item amounted curity. These sanctuaries, he says,
unmistakable drone of childish voices. to approximately $22,000. It is be­ should be relatively limited in area,
It Is a school and a glance through lieved that within a few years the rev­ but should be established In consider­
the window shows row on row of pig- enues obtained from the various rec- able number.
Elks Suffer Hardships.
Special attention is called by Col.
Greeley to the necessity of additional
protection for the harassed and deci­
mated herds of elk using the Yellow­
stone National park and the surround­
ing forests. Famine and cold last
winter took an unusually heavy toll
from their number. Driven out of the
high country by starvation and early
snows, the northern herd suffered
from hunters along the boundary line
a percentage loss equal to that of a
defeated army.
Many that escaped the hunters per-
ished from cold and starvation before
spring. The southern herd also lost
heavily. As a result, the total uumber
of animals in these two herds Is now
estimated by the best qualified officers
In the forest service to equal half of
their number five years ago.
The addition to the Absaroka and
Gallatin forests of the lands still In
government ownership and under with­
drawal along the Yellowstone river
north of Gardiner Is urged by the
chief forester. This land, he states. Is
urgently needed as winter range for
the elk, and Its addition to the nation­
al forcata will materially relieve the
situation without working an Injus­
tice to the local inhabitants whose
live stock use the range. ■ If this ac-
tion Is not taken the outlook for the
northern elk herd la gloomy. The
American ambassador Hugh Campbell Wallace. In the name of the prospects for the southern herd are
United States government, presenting distinguished services and navy crosses more bright, but additional purchase
to about one hundred officers of the French army and navy. The presenta- of land for summer feeding grounds
tion was mads tn the gardens of the American embassy In Paris.
appear absolutely essential.
MANY HOMES BEING BUILT
Uncle Sam’s Oil Refinery at Arlington
C HARAIS & EWiNG
The government operates a complete refinery at the experiment farm of the United States Department of Ag­
riculture, Arlington. The equipment was designed by the bureau of public roads for studying methods of treatment
and characteristics of crude petroleum used In building and maintaining highways. The oils from the wells In
California, Texas and Mexico, are analyzed with the vie w of determining their relative road-building values.
Strange Malady
- Sweeping Haiti
- - • *-------- - --
Man Keeps Green
Prospective Grave
Doctors Unable to Discover the
Source of Most Baffling and
Fatal of Diseases.
WHITE POPULATION IMMUNE
Ailment That Kills 20,000 Natives
Every Year Starts in the Feet
and Spreads Upward, the
Body Becoming Swollen.
Port-au-Prince, Haiti.—The Ameri­
can occupation of Haiti has served to
direct medical research into one of the
most baffling and perhaps fatal mala­
dies known to modern medicine.
Haiti is a land of 2,000,000 people.
The most conservative estimate, based
on 12 months of historical research
into Haiti's mysterious disease, is
that a million Haitians have suc­
cumbed to the malady in the last 50
years. Here where native productiv­
ity is truly synonymous with extrava­
gant tropical verdure, a death rate of
20,000 a year, or nearly 1,700 a month,
has not served to worry the nationals.
For the last five years American
medical officers have noticed that
lower caste Haitians, sent to prison,
develop an alarming condition there
and die at a rate of from 50 to 90 per
cent of those affected.
Only during the last 12 months have
the causes and effects of these alarm­
ing deaths been studied and recog­
nized as a separate disease. The dis­
covery was made a year ago by Dr. W.
L. Mann, surgeon of the United States
navy, a native of Austin, Tex., whose
naval rank Is that of lieutenant com­
mander, supervising the entire medi­
cal department of the American-con­
trolled Gendarmerie d'Haiti.
Dr. Mann is a graduate of Harvard
medical school, holder of several col­
lege degrees and has spent the major
part of his time in tropical and sub­
tropical countries.
His writings on
preventive medicine and tropical dis­
ease and long experience equipped him
to point out this mysterious disease
soon after bls arrival in HaitL
Cause Undetermined.
Aided by the medical officers of
the gendarmerie in an Intensive re­
search, Dr. Mann told the New York
Tribune correspondent here that
nothing has developed which may defi­
nitely determine the cause of the dis­
ease, which if ascertained and meas­
ures taken to combat would result In
the saving of possibly more than 20,-
000 lives annually.
The disease has three manifesta­
tions. One of the most notable symp­
toms Is swelling of certain parts of
the body. The flesh becomes water-
logged or “dropsical.” It usually be­
gins in the feet and spreads upward.
Another form is the dry or emaci­
ated type. The patient shows marked
emaciation and dwindles almost to
skin and bones. Often dropsical
changes to dry and vice versa. It is
not unusual to see a patient almost
a living skeleton, then develop a wet
condition, and with the retention of
fluid In the body gain 20 or 30 pounds
In a few days and become so swollen
up that recognition of his features is
difficult.
One of the mysteries of the disease |
Is that women seldom, If ever, con­
tract It. One medical officer In Haiti
has observed more than 1.000 cases
without finding a single case among
females. At one time during Doctor
Mann's Investigations women were
supposed to he entirely immune.
Finally three cases among women de-
veloped at the same dwelling place.
This combination of circumstances
suggested a disease of an infectious
nature.
Disease Appears Suddenly.
A third manifestation of the malady
Is that which suggests plague. From
5 to 25 per cent of the fatalities
take place in persons who do not
complain of any symptoms. A per-
son will appear la perfect health;
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then, without warning, fall in a faint
and gradually expire.
Though the grouping of Haitian ne­
groes in prisons called Doctor Mann’s
attention to the disease, he Is reason­
ably certain that it is not due to con­
finement, as In some prisons the mal­
ady Is entirely absent. Before the ad­
vent of Americans In Haiti the pris­
ons were quagmires where prisoners
were thrown to subsist on food smug­
gled in by relatives or starve. Today,
under American supervision, the pris­
ons are models of cleanliness, but sani­
tation has not served to eradicate the
mysterious disease. Infection almost
has been eliminated by research as
the cause.
Imprisonment possibly
aids the malady, but It is not entirely
responsible, as numerous natives who
never saw a prison succumb.
Re­
search brought the possible cause to
the question of faulty diet, especially
in prisons. On this question Doctor
Mann was noncommittal. As he ex­
pressed it : "The evidence accumulated
up to the present date regarding diet
as a factor is conflicting and uncon­
vincing. Diet may or may not be at
fault, and I am not prepared to ex­
press a definite opinion on this sub-
ject.”
Many Leads Developed.
Dr. Mann’s researches have devel­
oped many leads, but when one theory
seems to have given the greatest en­
couragement It is destroyed.
Symptoms of the disease would seem
to bring it nearer to beri-beri than any
other, and fur the want of a better
name Doctor Mann has called It
psuedo beri-beri.
On the theory that prison diet brings
about a greater manifestation during
incarceration of Haitians than else­
where, the gendarmerie doctors, under
the direction of Doctor Mann, have
conducted extensive dietary experi­
ments. The reports show that diet
variation has produced no marked ben­
eficial results either as a curative
or preventive. This has destroyed a
theory that war edema, prevalent In
prison camps, due to faulty nourish­
ment, has a relation to psuedo beri­
beri.
As rice, the cause of true beri-beri.
Is not used to any degree In the prison
food here, the American doctors have
endeavored to find a similar lack of
vitamins in cornmeal, a base of the
CHIMES FOR WASHINGTON
,20,—
si feu
§
1$y
Installing bells In the tower of 8L
Mary's church. Washington, as a me­
morial to Rev. Georgs Glatt The
bells are connected with a large West­
minster clock so as to sound the hour
in chimes. They vary from two to
five feet to size.
New Carlisle, Pa.—There’s a
newly-made grave In New Car­
lisle cemetery.
No mourners with bowed
heads stood by when it was
made. No minister said “earth
to earth and dust to dust." No
flowers bedecked the casket.
But the man who will rest in
the grave some day carefully
heaped up the little mound and
as carefully placed the little
squares of sod in place. The
grave is empty—waiting until
death lays its hand on the man
who prepared it.
J. Herwert Day, 50 years old,
well known citizen and music
teacher, being the last member
of his family, ordered the care-
taker to prepare the grave, con­
struct the stone vault for receiv­
ing the casket, place the broad
stone over It and refill the grave.
This was done, after which Day
himself heaped up “the little
mound of clay,” and placed the
sod upon it.
ordinary Haitian diet. Experiments
to date have given no conclusive an­
swer.
The institutional incidence of the
Haitian disease or Its tendency to ap­
pear In epidemic form and to affect
certain institutions, suggested the na­
ture of an infective agent. At one
time the bedbug was under suspicion.
Numerous blood cultures and cultures
from autopsical finds, animal inocula­
tion and the like, have produced only
either negative or Inconsistent results,
says the medical chief of the gendar­
merie.
Malady Decreases.
On one occasion five hospital corps
men from the gendarmerie (natives)
volunteered to be bitten by bedbugs
which had been fed on patients with
the disease. One of these volunteers
developed dropsy six weeks later, but
this dropsy was attributed to other
causes, and the experiment was re­
garded as negative.
The prevalence of the malady has
shown a progressive decrease during
the last three months, but whether
this Is due to measures taken by Doc­
tor Mann and his staff can be deter-
rained only after further study and
careful investigation. The American
naval surgeon explained that he Is
careful not to accept false encourage­
ments because of the tendency of the
disease to subside altogether In cer-
tain Institutions and then suddenly
crop out anew with more serious re­
sults than ever.
Col. Frederick M. Wise, United
States marine corps, commanding the
Gendarmerie d'Haiti, and Col. Johe
Russell, commanding the First Marine
brigade in Haiti, have shown great in­
terest In Doctor Mann's fight to locate
the cause and combat Haiti’s disease.
They have given all possible assist­
ance and placed the entire line of re­
search unhampered under his direc­
tion.
The beneficent and altruistic labor
of Doctor Mann and his medical
staff Is one of many compensating fac­
tors In what appears to be a muddied
situation in Haiti today. Theirs is a
work for humanity in the strictest
sense.
Undoubtedly the United States pub­
lic health service and the Rocke­
feller Institute would take a certain
interest In the strange disease. Doe-
tor Mann hopes, however, with the co-
operation of such institutions and with
the utilization of such additional facil­
ities, that the results of sustained ef­
forts will serve to eradicate a scourge
that kills such an appalling number of
Haitians every year.
So far as known. Haiti’s mysterious
disease never has affected a white
man.
Making World Safe for Democracy.
Cincinnati.—Determined that the
word “Mr." shall have no place in or
among gatherings of Rotarians, Bob
Chapman, president. Is fining mem­
bers for using It, the fines going to
charity.