DAIRY AND HOG SHOW SPECIAL • EDITION
T he H ermiston H erald
VOL. XV
HERMISTON, UMATILLA COUNTY, OREGON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 8, 1920
NO. 4
THE PIG
TUBERCULOSIS
ALFALFA INVESTIGATIONS WHAT CLUB
MEANS TO US
INVESTIGATION THE OREGON DAIRYMEN'S
BY EXPERMENTAL EARM
COOPERATIVE LEAGUE
By H. K. Dean
By Geo. H. Root
Of state-wide interest has been a
We have had much valuable ad special tuberculosis survey of four
vertising this year in the splendid Eastern Oregon counties made by the
success of our stock judging team, Oregon Tuberculosis Association un
especially in the high individual der the direction of Robert W. Os
honors won by Dorothy Briggs. One born. field-worker who has investi
of the finest features on the show gated conditions in Union, Umatilla,
grounds will be the exhibit of the Baker and Wallowa counties.
pig club members from the country,
The Herald is the first weekly to
and let me add here that we have the publish the statistics completed by
pig club to thank for bringing in Mr. Osborn before his departure for
some of the more distant exhibitors, Portland last Saturday. While all
a phase of the show we have long the returns from the survey are not
been trying to encourage. There are complete, the figures obtained in re-
many such advantages to our com gard to the number of living cases
munity and show that might be in the four counties and deaths from
enumerated, but the one that I am tuberculosis since 1918, give an ap
thinking of most now is what the pig proximate idea of the existing con-
club is doing to improve the class of 'ditions.
swine produced on the Hermiston
Umatilla county statistics show
farms.
that tuberculosis has taken a toll of
Hog-raising has not always been 85 deaths since 1918, or more than
looked on as a desirable occupation two deaths a month. Approximately
by the most fastidious. Perhaps the 100 living cases, both in the active
high cost of pork and pork products, and beginning stages of the disease
and the people’s' realization that the now exists in Umatilla county. This
hog-raiser, like the wheat-farmer, is surprising figure is due in part to
as indispensable as the home grocer, the prevalence of tuberculosis among
has lent some honor to the business; the Umatilla" Indians.
but it is the pig club leader and his
Among the 1110 inhabitants of
P*g clubs that are placing hog-rais the .reservation. 30 are known to be
ing on the farms on an educational inflicted with some form of the dread
basis, .and making it appeal to the disease and deaths since 1918, num
intelligent and industrious school ber 36.
children of today. And while they
The total figures for the four
are doing this, they are convincing counties show 240 living cases and
the farmer of the value of pure bred 155 deaths.
In Umatilla county
hogs and forming the connecting alone, 23 ex-service men have the
link in putting the stock from the disease in some form. Enough chil
million-dollar breeder on the small dren under 16 years of age have
farms of this community. The pig been found to have tuberculosis to
club leader has not discarded the old- tax the facilities of an average sized
as-the-hills information of the old- hospital. The number of people ex
time farmer regarding hogs, but he posed to .the living and dead cases
has corrected its error, added to It, found in the four counties is appal
and systematized the whole mass, so ling.
that the pig is selected, bred, and
The investigation has been made
grown, and is then, finally, a spec to discover the actual facts in regard
imen worthy of real admiration and to the ‘‘white plague" and to open
a pride to its owner. A man may be the eyes of citizens in regard to con
long obstinate or neglectful of the ditions in their communities, where
advice sent out by the government it has been frequently found by Mr.
and agricultural colleges, but when Osborn that no suspicion of the ac-
a youngster in the community, un tual facts were known.
Back of the survey is the idea of
der the direction of the pig club
leader, produces the champion ani a District Tuberculosis Hospital for
mal, as young Lynch did at the State the four counties. If built such an
Fair, it is time for him to wonder if, institution will come under a law
after all, selection and care are not passed by the state legislature in
prime essentials in the production 1917, which* provides the machinery
of swine. A few years ago it was the for a county, or four counties to
exceptional farm in this section that take steps to build a hospital by a
could boast of pure bred hogs, but vote of money raised by taxation.
"It la a matter of self-defense,”
very soon it is going to be the excep-
When manure is used in addition to
commercial fertilizers there is a
• Since alfalfa is the basis for the slight indication that the yield is
• feeding of dairy cattle on the Uma- higher than the yield on plats having
■ tilla project some of the experiment- manure alone.
• al results obtained with this won-
The results secured from the use
• derful forage crop will be particular- of sulphur on
the lighter soil types
• ly interesting In connection with the are especially
Interesting. On the
I Dairy and Hog Show.
light soil of the Experiment Farm
• Alfalfa is a native of Western sulphur has not Increased the yield
■ Asia and has been cultivated for of alfalfa but on the slightly heav
■ more than 2000 years. It was ier soils at Stanfield and at Board
■ brought by the Persians to Southern man the yield has increased from 15
■ Europe in 490 B. C. The Romans to 30 per cent. Field experiments
■ held it in high favor, as frequent were established in 1918 in coopera
Iareferences in the literature of that tion with A. W. Cobb at Boardman
I period bear witness. In France it and C. W. Connor at Stanfield. In
■ was called lucerne, but in Spain it 1920 the two cuttings on Mr. Con
I was known by the Arabic name, al- nor’s sulphur plats yielded 5.14 tons
■ faifa. The Spaniards carried it to per acre while the check plat yielded
■ the new world where it early became 4.33 tons of hay.
The increased
■ established along the western slope yield was 1630 pounds of hay or 18.8
I of the Andes.
From Chili it was per cent of the untreated yield. Val
■ brought north to California, where uing hay at $15.00 per ton the in
■ it quickly found a congenial home. crease from the sulphur was worth
I It is significant that the successful $12.23 per acre. The cost of sul
■ culture of alfalfa in America is di- phur was $2.00 so that the net gain
■ rectly traceable to the early Span- in one year was $10.23 and the sul
■ ish importations of seed. The com- phur usually acts through a period
I mon alfalfa grown In the Western of four years. In 1919 Mr. Cobb at
I states is properly known as the Chil- Boardman secured an increase of
I ian variety. Fields in Mexico are 1600 pounds of hay from three cut
I reputed to be over 300 years old and tings and in 1920 has secured 2097
I are. still producing profitable crops. pounds more hay from the sulphured
I Alfalfa was introduced into New than from the check plats, His in-
I York from Europe at least 30 years creases to date have been $27.69
I before its introduction into Califor- with hay at $15.00 per ton from a
I nia but these direct importations *2.00 application of sulphur.
I have never met with notable suc-
The cash value of manure applied
I cess. There is much to sustain the to alfalfa has been very pronounced.
I belief that the plant through suc- The average production of alfalfa
I cessi ve removals from its native hab- for five years on plats not having
i itate through Spain to Chili and manure was 3.83 tons per acre on
I thence to North America had become plats having eight tons of manure
I adapted and acclimated to ■those con- per acre was 5.17 and on plats hav
I ditions which permitted its greatest ing 32 tons per acre was 6.12 tons.
I development in the arid regions of The plats having eight tons of man
I the west under irrigation. Alfalfa ure produced 1.33 tons more hay val
I was taken from California into Utah ued at $19.95 with hay at $15 per
I and Colorado and rapidly spread over ton than the plats without manure
I the entire Pacific Coast and the and the plats having 32 tons pro
I Rocky Mountain region.
duced a gain of 2.29 tons valued at
I As alfalfa has become adapted and $34.35 over no manure. Had the 32
I acclimated to the various conditions tons of manure been spread over,
I to which it has been subjected in the four acres instead of over one acre
I west a number of distinct strains the increased yield would have been
Land varieties have been developed. 5.32 tons valued at $79.80 or an in-
I Twelve of these varieties are being creased return of $45.45 over that
I tested by the Experiment Farm to realized when 32 tons were applied
I determine their comparative value on one acre. Still valuing hay at
I under the sandy soil conditions of |15 the manure applied at the rate
(Continued on page six)
(Continued on page six)
I the Columbia Basin. The varieties of eight tons by increasing the yield
I under trial include Baltic, Grimm, of hay, was worth $2.49 per ton,
306370
I Cossack, Hairy Peruvian, Indian, Lis- while that applied at the rate of 32
comb, Turkestan, and five strains tons was only worth $1.07 per ton,
of common or Chilian. The Baltic, showing that the greater returns
Grimm, Cossack and Liscomb are from the manure are secured by the
hardy varieties which were devel- lighter applications. Since manure
oped in the Northern states to with- can only be secured in limited quan
stand winter-killing.
The winter tities it should be carefully used.
injury in this section tng terious
Irrigation Experiments
80 these particular varieties ire be-
For five years an experiment has
Outside of a limited area along
By E. B. Fitts
ing grown to test their value for been conducted to determine the
the coast the alfalfa producing dis
set production. The seed of the most profitable frequency at which
Eastern Oregon irrigated sections tricts offer the best opportunity for
| hardy varieties brings nearly twice to apply water to alfalfa and the
offer splendid opportunity for suc dairying of any part of our country.
i u touch on the market as that of the most economical amount to apply.
The consumption of dairy products
common. Preliminary trials indi- This experiment has continued long cessful dairying. The climate is fav
“te that Baltic has a tendency to enough and the results have been un orable and there is produced there an per capita is Increasing while dairy
•Wyteld all the other varieties and iform enough to warrant very defí abundance of the right kind of feed. cattle are not increasing in numbers
may become a profitable hay varie- nate conclusions as to the amount of Feed in abundance and of the right as fast as are our people. The de
i It is also possible that subse- water required and the proper in kind is essential. The dairy cow for mand for these products Is constant
sent work may prove that Grimm terval between irrigations on this maximum and profitable production and prices fluctuate less than is the
must have a liberal amount of pro case with most other farm produce.
and Baltic will be valuable on seep- soil type.
People are gradually coming to a bet
“e around with a fluctuating water
Water was applied at one, two and tein. One of the cheapest and best
table on account of their branching three week intervals to plats of al sources of this important feed ele ter realization of the great food val
ue of dairy products which will in
root system.
The Hairy Peruvian falfa which otherwise had uniform ment is alfalfa hay. Experienced
dairymen everywhere recognize the crease the demand and tend to main
and Indian varieties grown exten- treatment. The one week plat re
“ely in the southwest where they ceived an average of 6.79 acre-feet value of alfalfa hay and large tain prices at a profitable level. Co-
operative marketing is aiding in se
“ exceptionaly high yielders but per acre and produced 6.01 tons of amounts are fed in numerous places
curing better marketing conditions.
long
distance
from
where
the
hay
Is
"ax not prove ’ hardy enough to hay; the two week plat produced
Milking machines and other labor
grown.
To
the
first
cost
of
the
hay
whstand the winters in the Col- 5.55 tons of hay with 4.00 feet Of in these instances is added the ex saving devices are removing much
ambia Basin. The common strains water and the three week plat 4.06
pense of handling, baling, freight of the drudgery from the dairy bus-
le been procured from several sec- tons with 3.06 feet of water. Dur
and commission or selling costs. iness.
20 of the country to try in com- ing one year of the experiment over
With these facts in mind the man
crison with local grown seed. As 4000 soil moliture samples were Even with these added costs it is in alfalfa growing districts can well
the
cheapest
feed
they
can
buy
and
′ there is no pronounced differ-
this handicap does not cause them afford to give careful thought to the
(Continued on page seven)
“= between the strains of common,
opportunities dairying offers him.
to go out of the business.
athe extremely low hunus and ni-
It must be realized, however, that
Dairying
is
a
manufacturing
en
ken content of the virgin soils of Honey Extracting Demonstration
dairying is more than just keeping
terprise
with
the
cow
converting
hay-
golum bia Basin make the subject
J. Skovbo will give a demonstra
concentrated cows. It is a business and In order
at" fertility one of first impor- tion in front of the Herald office raw material—into a
nearer this to succeed one must learn the essen
product
—
milk.
The
anee
The fertility experiments Saturday morning, October 9th, of
to
the point tials to success as in any other bus
A large milk can be produced grown most iness. It is better In most cases for
w alfa, fa consist of. trials of com- how honey is extracted.
where
feeds
can
i
be
“rial fertilizers and barnyard number of people believe that honey
is melted ^or extraction, but Mr. cheaply the greater the opportunity an Inexperienced man to start in a
SkoX will show how it is done for profit. Alfalfa grown luxuriant- small way and gradually build, up «a
. - commercial fertilizer experi- sao do
i, in the irrigated sections. Corn herd.
ants include the t’ree essential fer- without melting the honey... „lace th. Ives alvo in most places and pro-
Given good cows, an abundance of
The demonstration will take place vides succulence of an ideal nature. alfalfa hay and corn silage with
sens nitrogen, rotash, and phos-
w! applied singly and in com- after the parade, at 11:45 a. m.
In some of the higher altitudes where good business management, dairying
pions and sulphur. The nitro-
Mrs R V. Todd entertained for corn cannot be raised sunflowers pro- promises a permanent market at
Plates yield slightly more hay Mrs De Lorme Harbaugh of Seattle, vide a satisfactory substitute.
good prices for alfalfa hay and other
*• the check pliatis without fertil-
farm crops, a herd of cows that are
a Thia soil la rat her high in pot- Wednesday afternoon of last week. | Alfalfa hay and silage n.ake a re- ever Increasing in number and vai-
with a few tables of cards. Mrs. tion second to none for dairy cattle
and phosphorus so these ele-
ue, a farm Increasingly productive
seased yields to justify their use. Harbaugh is the guest of Mrs J. F. and grain feeding is reduced to a and a regular growing income.
McNaught.
I minimum under these conditions.
“I ts have not give n large enough
THE NATIONAL DUROC JERSEY
RECORD ASSOCIATION PRIZES
Prizes amounting to 3200 In the
District Futurity Show division will
be given by the National Duroc-Jer
sey Record Association at the Her
miston Dairy and Hog Show this
week.
Recognition of the Duroc Jersey
stock in this vicinity is shown sub
stantially in the prizes given by thia
Association and breeders here are
getting all ready to go after the
money.
Owing to the unusual rush of
work in the Herald office this week
the title of the association giving the
prize money in the district futurity
show was omitted from that group
in the premium book, and we wish
to give all honor to donors of prize
money. The National' Duroc-Jersey
Record Association is entitled to a
lot of credit for its enterprise in giv
ing premiums at our fair, and the
fact should have been so stated in
the premium list.
Best in The State
C. C.) Mason and C. P. Adams re-
turned Tuesday from Salem where
they have been attending the State
Fair and winning honors with their
Duroc-Jersey hogs.
In a year’s time Duroc Jersey
breeders throughout the state evi
dently have not been able to produce
better stock than that shown by Mr.
Adams and Mr. Mason, as the same
boar and sow with which they won
grand championships this year, are
of the same litter as those with which
they won over all exhibitors last
year. These grand champions are
junior yearlings and litter mates,
and were the largest in their class.
Mr. Mason also has. by award of
the State Fair judges, a junior cham
pion sow. He had three champions
out of a possible four at the fair this
year, and out of the sensational lit
ter, he and Mr. Adams showed at
last year’s fair, they won for first
get of sire and first produce' of dam
in the show this year.
Mr. Adams got 2nd, 3rd and 4th
on boars at the fair, 3rd on Futurity
litter and 6th on sow pigs. Mr. Ad
ams and Mr. Mason own jointly a
junior yearling boar which won 4th
in this year’s show. This is the ani-
mal they bought in Nebraska last
spring. ‘
IN DAIRYING
ON THE UMATILLA PROJECT
City Council Meeting
At the council meeting Wednesday
night .the election was called for
November 2nd, and the following
judges and clerks appointed to serve:
Judges: W. J. Warner, Mrs. E. J.
Kingsley, Henry Hitt. Clerks: Mrs.
M. C. Athey, Mrs. H. G. Newport.
An ordinance was passed putting
on the ballot two charter amend-
menta, one allowing the council to
issue warrants in payment of street
improvements when there are no
funds in the city treasurer, the othei
amendment taking off the 5 per cent
limit of assessment for street im-
provements.
A traffic ordinance regulating all
city street trafic was introduced.
Miss Pearl Sullivan Married
Friends of Miss Pearl Huilivan,
formerly of this city, were surprised
to learn of her marriage in Portland,
Saturday, October 2, to Alfred B.
Jopes of that city.
Miss Sullivan is the daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. P. P. Sullivan of Her
miston and Is a graduate of the Her
miston high school, of the class of
1915. For the last three years she
itas been with the Hirsch Wels com
pany of Portland as a member of
their office force. Mr. Jones Is a
contractor in Portland. They will
make their home there.
Pendleton Coming
It Is expected that Pendleton will
rend a big delegation to tbe Dairy
and Hog Show this week, as commit-
tees are working among the business
men of that eity to get a big crowd
to come down on Friday.
About 250 jor 300 people from
the Round-Up city are expected for
the first day of the show.
I
E. P. Dodd was a
itor Thursday.
Boardman
By M. S. Shrock
The recent forward step taken by
tbe dairymen of the Hermiston and
Stanfield projects by which they be-
came affiliated with the state wide
organization known as the Oregon
Dairy men’s Cooperative League is
the step that will make greater suc
cess possible.
Some years ago the dairymen of
Hermsiton organized a bull associa
tion, the first on the Pacific Coast,
for the purpose of improving their
herds. Later they imported two car
loads of registered finales, that the
work of herd Improvement might be
accelerated.
The Dairy and Hog
Show was held annually for the pur
pose of educating and inspiring the
young as well as the old»folks In the
fine lines of distinction between
good, mediocre, and poor dairy cat
tle and* hogs.
•The high price of alfalfa hay the
last few years reduced the number of
cows but left those of better quality
from which the herds will soon be
built tip again.
During these years of herd Im-
provement and getting a start some
effort was made to better the mar
ket conditions. Four years ago the
dairymen met and instructed a com
mittee of three to find the best mar-
.ket for their cream.
The committee found ‘that the
market for cream was controlled by
a few of the big interests and the
farmer had to accept what they of -
fered. By all supporting a local
creamery’ a slight margin over the
current quotations could be obtained.
The dairymen patronize this market
for three years and finally purchased
the local creamery and turned it in
to a cooperative concern. Small co-
operative concerns always have had
hard sledding and Hermiston dairy
men found their venture no excep
tion.
When the Oregon Dairymen’s
League reorganized and formed a
true cooperative organization on a
basis of financing so as to enable It
to branch out Into the sour cream
territory the dairymen of Hermiston
asked for admission. After several
'meetings at which the plans of the
new organization were explained,
committees were appointed to can
vass the dairymen and secure their
signatures to membership contracts.
To date practically all the dairymen
on the Hermiston and Stanfield pro
jects have signed and the two cream
eries have been taken over by the
(Continued on page four)
Former Resident Dies
Word has been received here of the
death of J. O. Meggs, formerly of this
city, in Pendleton on September 27.
He was found on the street of the
city, having apparently succumbed to
an attack of heart failure. He had
been stopping at the Golden Rule
hotel for the past few months and.
had not been in very good health.
The authorities of Pendleton have
communicated with relatives In the
east as to what disposition to make
of the body.
Mr. Meggs was well known to the
residents of this city, having lived
here for about 12 years previous to
the past year. He had been a ran
cher in the Ione country for several
years before coming here, and was
a member of the lodge of Odd Fellow s
in that town.
Telephone Company Formed
Farmers from the section north of
town, interested • in securing tele
phone service, met Monday at the
home of A. F. Beisse, and formed a
company for the purpose of building
a telephone line to serve that sec
tion. to be built in toward Hermis-
ton to meet the existing lines of the
Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Co.
The following directors were elected:
F. M. Gul wits, chairman; S. 8. Pal-
mer, A. F. Beisse, A. F. Drolshage i
and Wm. Kennedy. Jr. S. fl. Palmer
was elected treasurer and A. F.
Sroishagen secretary. The name of
the company Is to be the Hermiston
Cooperative Telephone company.
One half of the amount needed was
subscribed for Immediate const ruc
tion. at the initial meeting.
E. I. Davis went to Pendleton Sat
urday on business.