THE
WILL ORGANIZE NATION BY
UNITS TO AID IN WAR
Prominent Men and Women Start
Movement Whereby Every
one May Help.
TO EXTEND COMMUNITY IDEA
Works Out With Great Success In
New York—Plana to Co-ordinate
and Direct on Nonmilitary
Side Patriotic Efforts of
All Citizens.
By DAYTON STODDART.
New York.—Prominent men and
women here have started a movement
whereby every man, woman and child
in the United States may aid their gov
ernment to win the world war.
It has been under way but a short
time, yet assistance of great value was
given to both the Liberty loan and
Red Cross campaigns ; the next goal
set is such co-operutlon with “Hoover
of Belgium” as to make waste in the
kitchen and on the table a problem of
the past.
The new organization is called the
Patriotic Service league. It was con
ceived by Prof. Ellery C. Stowell, ex
pert on international affairs and mem
ber of the Columbia university faculty.
The league's purpose Is to weld the
nation together, with the community
idea extended to include the whole
people.
“Impossible,” you may remark. “It
can’t be done. Community spirit is
very fine for a small place or for a
section where folks of similar inter
ests and tastes live. But it wouldn’t
work out In a big place. Not a bit.”
“Works” in New York.
But It has worked out In New York
and that In a section where live both
reformers of the purely theoretical
type and insurgent workingmen in a
board strip running across New York
city, the political designation of
which is the Nineteenth congressional
district. It includes the homes of some
of the richest and the poorest families
of the metropolis.
In New York, of all places, the com
munity Idea of nationalism has worked
out, and very successfully, too. As
the terms “community spirit” may
seem rather indefinite to some, the ex
act significance of what Mr. Stowell
means when he uses the term may
best be set forth by himself.
Several months ago, when the ne
cessity of rousing the country to the
fact that every resource of the United
States should be available for war,
Mr. Stowell thought of the old town
meetings in New England.
“If,” he asked himself, “this plan
worked to weld together a town or
village, why could not the same prin
ciple be applied to the entire nation?"
Intensive thought on the question
confirmed his idea that It could. He
selected the congressional district as
the best geographical division for a
unit of the league.
He chose the Nineteenth congression
al district to try out his plans. He
bad as coworkers other members of
the Columbia university faculty and
women who volunteered their serv
ices.
Canvas House to House.
Friends of those working directly
with Mr. Stowell were obtained and a
committee was made up with at least
one representative from each election
district. These, in turn, canvassed
apartment houses and dwellings in
every one of the 115 districts.
The surprising part about the be-
movement was that the
pioneers found no hostility, only wel
come, In the houses they visited. This
in spite of the fact that although
they may have lived for years adja
cent to a family, neither had spoken.
It was a means never before offered
for everybody in the district getting
to know almost everybody else.
When the district hac been can
vassed, a meeting was called. Tem
porary officers of the small unit of the
league were chosen. All it was neces
sary to do to become a member of
the league was to pay 50 cents initia
tion fee. This is the only contribution
paid to the league pr.per; other con
tributions depend solely on the ex
penses and aims of the organization
in each congressional district or in
each election district.
Suppose that your own meeting, aft
er it had been organized, decided that
it would be a mighty good plan to
adopt one or more orphans across the
sea. Such a plan was actually put in
operation In one of the precincts of
the Nineteenth congressional district.
Two French orphans were adopted, a
little boy and a little girl, and the
monthly cost of $7 Is being raised by
leaving a tin box out at every meet
ing in which contributions may be
dropped.
In the Nineteenth district, one of the
first steps taken was the enrollment
of every woman by woman workers.
Every woman was asked what line
of work she was best fitted for and
the list was made up. election district
by election district, so that Mr. Stow
ell, as chairman of the entire Nine
teenth district, knew exactly how
many stenographers, cooks, clerical
workers, members of any calling, were
In his territory.
The actual good this does Is that It
allows every chairman to know the
“home strength” of his district. He
can tell you. after consulting his lists,
just how many cooks, nurses and other
workers are in his district.
That,
however, is not the object so much as
the power of being in personal touch
with people. Mr. Stowell emphasized
this when he received a call for cooks
to go with the Red Cross.
He sent out the notice to leaders
In the election districts and shortly
afterward they had obtained a score
or more of the men desired.
One
district leader himself persuaded two
men to enlist. It is this “neighbor
hood" touch, this knowing everybody
in the apartment house or city block
or county township where you live,
that makes the possibilities of the
plan so great, according to Mr. Stow
ell.
Purposes of the League.
"We are .organizing that we may
serve the government of the United
States,” said Mr. Stowell, “and assist
to the full In this great fight for the
things which we have always carried
nearest our hearts—for democracy,
for the right of those who submit to
authority to have a voice in their own
governments, for the rights and lib
erties of small nations, for a universal
dominion of right by such a concert
of free peoples as shall bring peace
and safety to all nations and make the
world itself at last free.
“The Patriotic Service league alms
to form In every congressional dis
trict an organization to arouse, co
ordinate and direct on the non-mili-
tary side the patriotic efforts of all
citizens of both sexes and of every
age, so that an early and successful
termination of the war may result.
“There are other war organizations
in existence, but not on local geo
graphic lines.
For an organization
such as the Patriotic Service league,
which is formed upon geographic lines,
there is real need.
These societies
with their particular objects will find
contact through this local unit of
neighbors with the individual men and
women In every household by whose
loyal service the nation's task will be
accomplished. We are not competing,
we desire to co-operate.
“It Is at this time obviously im
possible to name all of the activities
in which the organization may be
come engaged. But it Is wise to state
some present specific duties.
Help Get Recruits.
“The government has called for
volunteers to fill the ranks of our ex
isting military forces. We should see
that those recruits are obtained, due
attention being paid to exemptions.
“Cases of need In the families of
soldiers will occur. We should find
them and co-operate with the Red
Cross in aid.
“We must have a bureau of employ
ment for those who have lost their
SHE RUNS AN ELEVATOR
HERMISTON
HERALD,
jobs and for those who must now seek
employment—wives and sisters.
“Preparing surgical dressings and
all the other activities of the military
end of the Red Cross will demand
time and effort. Let us all see we do
our share.
“We must make sure we do not have
such juvenile delinquency as has oc-
curved in England and in Germany.
The Boy Scouts, the Junior Navy
league and the Junior Police must use
part of the boy power of the commun
ity. The farmers of the state need
22,000 laborers.
“Food will be scarce. We must find
how to use it to the full. And we
must make known to all the methods
of this conservation. Only by intelli
gent efforts for ourselves shall we be
able effectively to stand back of those
younger than we who fight.
“Finally, the Patriot Service league,
realizing It is more difficult in a de
mocracy than in an autocracy for the
government to initiate and to get
things done will bring home to every
citizen through speakers and litera
ture the necessity and the opportunity
for universal service In this fight for.
democracy.”
Prominent Men Enlist.
George W. Wickersham, former at
torney general ; Alton B. Parker, once
Democratic candidate for the presi
dency ; Oscar S. Straus, former am
bassador to Turkey—these are but a
few of the men who are working to
extend the Patriotic Service league.
The league has now been organized
in the Seventeenth congressional dis
trict, adjoining the Nineteenth, here,
and has been successfully inaugurated
In Boston.
“The plans for extension through
out the country have been formulated,"
said Mr. Stowell, “so that it may be
possible to marshal the combined force
of all loyal citizens behind the presi
dent. The spread'of the league will
save an immense amount of duplica
tion. In each community the loyal of
ficers will know their own people.
They will, for example, easily secure
cooks and attendants for departing
hospital units. They will find needed
mechanics. They will direct their ap
peals for funds to all those who are
willing to contribute. The Patriotic
Service league furnishes the machinery
by which the wisdom of Hoover can
be brought with emphasis to every
kitchen in the land. The clt'zen
leaguers constitute the ‘third Une of
defense.’ ”
Mr. Stowell said that the term “citi
zens” was used In Its new accepted
meaning to include women in the full
est sense. He pointed out that the
success of the project in the Nine
teenth district was due, in great ex
tent, to the energy of women, prom
inent among whom was Mrs. Nicholas
Murray Butler, wife of the president
of Columbia university.
Another of the women was Mrs.
James N. Taylor, who is devoting most
of her spare time to the league.
the Bronx zoo, asked the board of es
timate for $1,400 with which to build
an adjoining cage, so that while the
keepers clean one cell the elephant can
be shunted into another.
HERMISTON, OREGON.
t t’t
FIRE ESCAPE IS HOME 2000000000900090999
I STATE NEWS ;
Robin Selects Spokane Chamber of
: %occccccccccccc0000000000%
IN BRIEF. t
Commerce Building as Modern
Domicile to Rear Brood.
Spokane, Wash.—Emily is a house
wife who believes in safety first.
Emily is a modern home builder who
selected the fire escape of the Spokane
Chamber of Commerce building as a
most desirable site for a family domi
cile. Probably it was the solidity of
the iron platform which appealed to
her, or perhaps she felt safer in the
city than elsewhere.
Anyhow, the
fact that below her roars the traffic of
a busy street and three feet away a
noisy office force hammers typewriters
and slams desks and chairs around
makes no difference.
Emily is thrifty. She believes in
conservation of material. Pieces of
an old rope twisted around the fire es
cape and a few strips of bunting ap
pealed to her as valuable. So she
worked them into the foundation,
weaving the loose ends of the rope
through the bottom of her summer
home and using the bunting in the
side walls.
Paying no attention to the interested
audience nearby, Emily collected rub
bish and completed her nest. Then
she settled down to housekeeping and
motherhood.
Three beautiful blue
eggs soon appeared and three weeks
later Emily had a family consisting
mostly of yawning mouths.
The
youngsters are now about ready to fly.
The nest is located just outside a
window of the Spokane Interstate Fair
offices. President Thomas S. Griffith,
of the Fair association, sees in the
visit of the bird a good omen for the
annual show to be held September 3-8.
“We have had mascots before,” says
Mr. Griffith, “but this is the first time
any mother became so interested in
our work that she made her home
where she could watch all of our
preparations.*’
CROP OUTLOOK VERY BRIGHT
Northwest Counties of State of Wash
ington in Excellent Shape.
Olympia — Some cheering news in
regard to the food situation and forest
fires came to Olympia this week. M.
L. Dean of the agricutlural depart
ment reports that the northwest coun
ties were never in better shape. The
condition and some of them will har
vest as high as 150 bushels of oats to
the acre.
The Whatcom and Skagit county
farmers are all doing a big business,
and putting up more vegetables and
fruit than ever before, in some in
stances doubling the pack of last year.
Fire Warden Papex received word
that the Skykomish, the forest fire re
ported in green timber, was under con
trol as the result of a heavy rain. The
fires in Pierce county that threatened
the town of McKenna were brought
under control by back firing, and all
danger is past. The most serious loss
was that in Skamania county, where
the Wind River company lost $50,000
worth of logs, machinery and equip
ment, including five donkey engines.
IS LOCKED IN REFRIGERATOR
Urges More Food Conservation.
Spokane — Care in investigation of
Facing Death In a Sound-Proof Box la
Thrilling Experience of Kansas
facts before interference with normal
Butcher.
channels of distribution, lest sudden
readjustment might force prices even
Goodland, Kan.—E. W. Sullivan, the higher, was urged by Carl Vrooman,
butcher, has just had an experience assistant secretary of the department
that gave him some idea of what it of Agriculture, in addresses here Wed
means to be entombed with little or nesday. Mr. Vrooman also urged con
no prospect of being rescued.
servation of the food supply. The U-
He entered his shop, locking the boat has been defeated, he declared,
door after him, and then entered the basing his assertion upon the fact that
big refrigerator. The door closed and food is being transported in quantity
the snap lock shut him up in a tem and with regularity. The fuel prob
perature of about 32 degrees. The big lem of Italy is also being met, he said.
ice box is straight and sound-proof, so
that it was impossible to make enough
noise to attract persons passing on
the street.
A large hook was used to make a
hole in the door, but without success,
Portland—Wheat—Bluestem, $2:16
and it was only when Sullivan dis
covered a cleaver in one corner of the per bushel; fortyfold, $2.12; club,
refrigerator that hope was renewed. A $2.12; red Russian, $2.12.
Millfeed—Spot prices: Bran, $33.00
hole was cut in the door near the lock
and the butcher secured release after per ton; shorts, $36.00; middlings,
$43.00; rolled barley, $49.00; rolled
an hour’s work.
oats, $52.
Hay—Producers’ prices: Timothy,
FINDS CURE FOR GANGRENE Eastern
Oregon, $26.00 per ton; alfal
fa, $18.00; valley grain hay, $15.00.
New York Doctor Announces Discov
Vegetables — Artichokes, 80c per
ery That Will Probably Save Lives
dozen; tomatoes, $1.50 @1.75 per
of Many Soldiers.
crate; cabbage, 1@2c per pound;
New York.—Dr. Carroll G. Bull of | lettuce, 35c per dozen; cucumbers,
the Rockefeller Institute for Medical 40@85c per dozen; peppers, 30@40c
Research has announced a discovery per pound; peas, 5c; spinach, 6)c;
which will probably save the lives of beans, 7@8c.
thousands of soldiers during the war. | Green Fruits—Cherries, 7@9c per
It is a discovery of an antitoxin that pound; apricots, $1.25@1.60 per crate;
neutralizes the work of germs In cantaloupes, $1.2503.50; peaches, 90c
wounds where gangrene usually devel @$1.15 per box; watermelons, 22c
per pound; apples, $202.75; plums,
ops.
Doctor Bull has tried the experiment $1.502; currants, $1.2501.50; rasp
out on guinea pigs with splendid re berries, $1.9002.
Butter — Cubes, extras, 40c per
sults. He Is the first American doctor
pound;
prime firsts, 39c. Jobbing
to make such a discovery.
prices: Prints, extras, 42c.
Eggs—Ranch, current receipts, 35c
per dozen ; ranch, candled, 38c.
Poultry—Hens, 16@17c per pound;
J GIRLS FORM CLUB TO
2
broilers, 19@21c; turkeys, 20c; ducks,
:
CHEER SOLDIER BOYS : old,
15c; young, 18@20c; geese, 10@
12c.
•
Cleveland. O. — The Young • |
—Fancy, 150152c per pound.
* Women’s Liberty club has been • I Veal
Pork—Fancy, 191020c per pound.
• organized here. Its object is to 2 Cattle—Steers, prime, $8.0009.00;
* cheer lonesome soldiers In camp « good, $7.5008.00; medium, $6.750
• or at the front. Each member • | 7.2 5; cows, choice, $6.2506.50; me
• writes to some soldier boy who • 1 dium to good, $5.5006.00; ordinary to
• hasn't any relatives or sweet- • fair, $4.5005.50; heifers, $4.006.75;
• hearts.
The membership Is • | bulls, $5.0007.00.
• growing rapidly.
8 | Hogs — Light and heavy packing,
$15.40015.60; pigs and skips, $12.50
@13.50; stock hogs, $12.00013.00;
There is a reaction tn Norway rough heavies, $14.00014.50.
Sheep—Lambs, $6.00011.50; year
against encouraging the Investment of
lings, $6.5009.00; wethers, $7.00@
foreign capital in that country.
8.00; t wee, $3.0007.50.
NORTHWEST MARKET REPORT
c HARRIS & Ewing
Washington.—This city with consid
erable timidity has licensed its first
woman elevator operator. She con
ducts an old-fashioned outfit worked
by a rope and located In the building
occupied by the Y. W. C. A. She is a
buxom Irish lass, well able to take
care of any persiflage from male pas
sengers. Her name is Margaret E.
Thompson.
CARTOON CAUSE OF TROUBLE
Nothing Funny About Charges Against
Scion of Celebrated Elephas
Family.
New York.—Formal charges against
a scion of the celebrated Elephas fam
ily of Africa have been preferred by
Dr. William T. Hornaday. The defend
ant wasn't In court when the charge
was brought, being detained in the
Bronx.
The defendant's name was Cartoon,
but the complaints against him were
anything but funny. He was charged
with being nasty and not letting bls
keepers enter his cage and acting In a
perfectly ungentlemanly fashion. Con-
sequently Doctor Hornaday, boot at
%..... *...................... %
!••••••••••••••••••••••••{
State Fair Rules Out.
Salem—Secretary Lea, of the State
Fair board, has announced rules which
will govern the entries of all exhibits
for premiums at the fair and declared
that these rules, which are as follows,
shall be rigidly enforced:
“The fairgrounds will be open for
the reception of all articles six days
before the commencement of the fair,
and all entries for premiums must be
made in person or by letter with the
secretary, as follows:
“In the horse, cattle, sheep and
swine departments on or before Sep
tember 15; in the poultry and indus
trial department, on or before Septem
ber 20, and in all other department be
fore 6 o’clock in the afternoon of Sep
tember 23. The board reserves the
right to accept entries in the livestock
department after the expiration of
September 15, but if this is done a
penalty of 25 per cent of the premiums
earned by the entry will be exacted.
“All goods, articles and animals
must be in place on exhibition by 10
o’clock on the forenoon of the opening
day of the fair, and all horses entered
for speed contests must be in stalls
and entered in accordance with the
rules governing the racing program.”
Fifteen hundred pounds of cherries
from one Bing tree on the L. B. Hab-
erly place, northeast of Salem, with a
value of $90 for the product from the
one tree, is a record just reported.
The cherries sold for 6 cents a pound.
Eighteen were injured when the O.-
W. R. & N. crack Overland Limited
passenger and mail train No. 17
crashed head-on into a 2200-ton freight
at Hindman, 16 miles east of Baker at
6:20 o’clock Monday morning. One
man may die from the effects of his
injuries.
Fridays will be meatless days at the
Arlington Club, Portland, in future in
order to help along the cause of food
conservation. Members of the club
unanimously approved the plan by bal
lot. Judge C. H. Carey, president of
the club, suggested the idea as a patri
otic step.
Logging operations on the California
Barrel company’s tract of timber in
the Klatskanie river district are to be
commenced in the immediate future.
Carl L. Koster, president of the Hum
boldt Cooperage company, will be in
Astoria in about a month to establish
the camps.
All three of the girls who escaped
from the State Industrial school for
girls Sunday night, and who were
chased through the brush and woods
near the school by bloodhounds at the
orders of Mrs. Minnie Darst, superin
tendent of the school, were back at the
institution Wednesday.
In the Two-Mile school district, in
Coos county, where two buildings have
burned down within the past year, the
directors, at a recent meeting called
an election for the purpose of voting
on the construction of another building
to replace the new one which was de
stroyed three weeks ago.
De Witt Van Ostrand, owner of
extensive timber interests in Douglas
county, arrived in Roseburg recently
from Grants Pass, where he is devel
oping the Waldo copper mine. Mr.
Van Ostrand says he has enlarged the
stamp mill at the mine and its capac
ity is now six times greater than the
original plant.
Grant county is again threatened
with a grasshopper plague. In the
Beech Creek district the insects are
reported to have started to damage the
crops. Reports from other parts of
the county indicate that the grasshop
pers will work great damage and
efforts are being made to stop the
plague, but so far without result.
Acting on a report of an expert ac
countant, the stockholders of the Ump
qua Valley Fruit union have decided to
reorganize the affairs of the associa
tion by the elimination of F. H.
Davies as bookkeeper and the election
of A. L. Kitchin as secretary.
Mr.
Kitchin has been manager for the
union. The stockholders also decided
to employ a field representative.
Sheridan’s cannery, built by the
fruit growers to handle the fruit,
vegetable and berry market of that
district, began this week on its first
regular run for the canning season,
and marks the initial venture of any
cannery in that district. The first two
or three weeks will be spent canning
the berries and the last of the season
will be devoted to making juice.
School Superintendent Churchill has
issued a ruling affecting male teachers
of the state who have enlisted, in
which he holds that any person who
has enlisted either in the army or
navy, and who is properly qualified,
may have his certificate within one
year from the date of expiration of his
term of service with the Federal gov
ernment. Many teachers who have
enlisted are entitled to teachers’ cer
tificates, either through examination
or from having completed a teachers’
training course.
The Marion county court has finally
signed up the contract for the con
struction of a new steel bridge across
the Willamette river between Marion
and Polk counties at Salem. The
bridge will cost $237,901.
Sheriff Needham and Constable
Varne returned to Salem from the San-
tiam country late Wednesday night
with Ray Graves and Mrs. Ruth Ab
bott, charged with threatening the life
of ex-Sheriff Tom Word, of Portland,
along with other persons who went
with Word to claim ownership to the
Black Eagle mine near Breitenbush.
WANT METRIC SYSTEM
Uncle Sam’s Commercial At
taches Urge New Standards.
Action Made Necessary, It Is Declared,
Because of Changing Character
of American Exports.
There is a growing demand among
Uncle Sam's consular officers and com
mercial attaches that the United States
abandon its standards of measure in
favor of the metric system. In the last
decade or two the character of Ameri
can exports has changed. Formerly
<>ur exports were of raw materials. But
where formerly we sold lumber, now
we are selling chairs, tables and desks.
Where we used to sell pig iron, we are
selling knives, plows and machinery.
“Our changing foreign trade de
mands a change in our customary
measures," says W. C. Wells, chief
statistician of the Pan-American union.
“So long as we cling to our Inches,
yards, pounds and gallons, we carry a
weight, a useless weight.
“The importance of the metric scale
in foreign commerce even now presses
hard upon us. We must adopt the met
ric scale, because nearly all the rest
of the world, save England and Russia,
have adopted it.
"Furthermore, we should adopt it
because of its inherent merits. Its vast
superiority, even for domestic use, over
our present system. While any intel
ligent child can learn the metric sys
tem In three lessons, and any adult
master it in one hour or less of serious
study, no man ever has, and probably
no man ever will, master the United
States system of weightsand mensures.
“Take the case of bushels and bar
rels, measures on which millions on
millions In values of products are
bought and sold ; there are scores and
scores of different barrels, customary,
standard and legal, In use In the Unit
ed States.
“The metric system is simplicity it
self. It has many merits In nomencla
ture. In the Interchangeability from
lengths to weights and to volumes, but
the chief merit is that It has the same
base ratio throughout.
Measures
should have the same base ratio. That
they have not is one of the principal
inherent weaknesses of our English
system as compared with the metric
system.
,
:
“We cannot help ourselves in the
foreign trade, for there we must come
to the metric system. It Is, of course,
quite possible to have two systems,
such as in fact exist in England today,
and even in this country to a lesser de
gree. The United States, Great Britain
and Russia are now almost the only
countries outside the fold of the met
ric system.”
PASSING THE FOOT TEST
"7237%
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Pros
03
wie
" Ayse
w
y ai
Uncle Sam’s army surgeons examina
applicante for enlistment carefully to
detect flatfoot or other foot troubles
which would unfit the would-be soldier
for active duty In the field. The pic
ture shows an applicant undergoing
this test, which Is very severe.
PARKS ARE OPENED TO STOCK
National Playgrounds to Be Used for
Grazing Purposes to Increase
Country’s Food Supply.
Yosemite National park has been
thrown open to cattle grazing by an or
der of the National Park service.
Sequoia and Lassen parks were pre
viously opened to the same purpose.
About 100,000 acres of land are avail
able for grazing In Yosemite. This ac
tion was taken in line with Secretary
Lane's policies to Increase the national
food supplies.
Officials of the national park serv
ice say that grazing will not be al
lowed to interfere with or annoy tour
ists In the parks.
The grazing possibilities of the for
est reservations are to be taxed to the
utmost to increase meat production
during the war, and sections hereto
fore reserved for campers are to be
used as pastures. More than 20.000
head of cattle and 50,000 head of sheep
were added to the herds on the reser-
vations In two weeks.
