THE
“STRIKE GERMANY THROUGH THE AIR,”
7060
Recent Conference in Washington Shows the Great Importance of
the Participation of the United States in This Regard—Has
Better Facilities Than the Allies Had at the Be
ginning ofthe War.
HERMISTON
HERALD,
HERMISTON,
OREGON.
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GRAIN DEALERS MEET STUCK FAST IN THE TUNNEL
: : Experiment on Barley
Thrilling Experience of Officer In Ea
as Wheat Substitute $ Urge Uniformity in Inspection Laws— cape From War Prison Deeply Im
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Madison, Wis.—Barley muf-
fins, barley bread, barley break-
fast food and barley cakes may
become as common on our ta-
bles as white bread, graham
muffins and oatmeal, according
to the results of experiments
now being carried on by the
war research committee of the
home economics department of
the University of Wisconsin.
In seeking cereals to relieve
the wheat shortage the depart-
ment found that the food and
commercial value of barley
made it advisable to begin re-
search along lines that would
conserve the barley industry of
Wisconsin, while at the same
time bringing about economical
results for the housewife.
Wisconsin, according to re-
cent statistics, produces one-
eighth of the barley crop in the
United States.
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Orsgon and Washington Millers
Say Wheat Quality is Poor.
To lower the high cost of living by
decreasing the cost of grain, the Pub
lic Service commissions of Washington
and Oregon heard evidence showing
that uniformity of state laws on
weights, measures and inspection with
federal laws was a necessity, at a
meeting in the Tacoma, Wash., Com
Washington.—“We Must Strike Ger next turned to consider the ways and
mercial club rooms Wednesday.
many Through the Air” Is the new slo means of getting the aviators and ma
Particularly the flour mills of Wash
gan which has resulted from the meet chines.
ington and Oregon are affected by the
To do this the aviation training fa
ing In Washington of members of the
difference in the quality of wheat
aircraft production board of the Unit cilities and the sources of supplies for
which cannot compete with that of
ed States and the board of governors aircraft must be greatly extended. It
California or'Chicago and Minneapolis
of the Aero Club of America, after was shown that at the beginning of the
because the inpsectors are compelled
study of the present war situation and war Great Britain did not have one-
to pass smutty wheat, it was charged.
of the ways and means for carrying third of the aeronautic manufacturing
, “My experience of 30 years,” said
on an effective campaign of education. facilities we have in the United States
Ralph B. Smith of the Puget Sound
Alan It. Hawley, president of the today and there was read a statement
Mills company, “shows that Washing
Aero Club of America, Issued the fol from the British controller of aero
ton wheat is of lower quality every
nautic supplies reporting that there
lowing statement:
year. It is smutty when it comes to
are
958
firms
engaged
on
work
for
the
“Germany’s U-boaf warfare and the
the mill and the miller has no choice
necessity of keeping the German fleet British directorate of aeronautic sup Sos0000%088800600806****6, but to take it. By the time it is thor
bottled up are occupying the navies of plies, 301 of which are direct contrac
oughly cleaned its cost has risen con
the allies, and no decisive victory over tors and 657 are sub-contractors. This
and the consumer, who pays
MAJ. THEODORE ROOSEVELT siderably
the Germans Is expected In naval ac report states that the total number of
ultimately for the additional expense,
tions in the near future. Likewise ad hands employed by the 50 firms of
begins to howl.”
vances against the Germans on land greater prominence is 66,700.
“Discoveries of the last year show
There was also brought out the fact
are slow, and Germany has seemed
that the smut is not the fault of the
able so far to always throw new thou that the British budget for aeronautics
farmer,” said L. M. Jeffers of Port
sands of men and new Unes of for the present year totals $575,000,-
land, grain supervisor of this, the 32nd
trenches and countless guns to meet 000. This is made public as a result
district. “Farmers in order to take
the advances of 'the allies. The only of Its publication In connection with
advantage of the first rains are obliged
victories on the part of the allies so a discussion which took place in the
to plow up the fields early and the
ground becomes infected with smut
far have been as a result of supremacy house of commons recently. England
spores. Our department is equipping
of the air, as a result of the matching and France had to come up from a
1? machines with dust collectors which
of skilful, daring allied aviators production of a few airplanes a month
we think will practically eliminate the
against German aviators and observa to the present production of about 4,”
000 airplanes a month and have had to
infection. If the collectors prove sat
tion balloons.
do that with limited resources in per
isfactory and not too expensive, sta
Masters In the Air.
tistics and estimates will be put into
"It was not until the Germans were sonnel and materials. The United
the hands of all those raising grain.
deprived of their aerial eyes and the States today has a better start than
All will have to use it, for one field
allies' aviators, being masters of the either France or England had at the
can infect a whole district.”
air, could follow the movements of the beginning of the war and it has tre
The commission then began the con
enemy and locate their batteries and mendous resources in workmen and
sideration of rye and oats. Here again
their strongholds, that the allied vic materials.
uniformity was thought to be advis
It Is all a question of adopting an
tories became possible.
able, but there was some discussion of
“While the United States is begin extensive enough campaign to insure
what the standard would be. The
ning to help substantially now, effec large production and of placing orders
question of color should be the basis
tive help of the kind that leads to per for continuous deliveries of airplanes
for at least four grades, according to
manent victory can only come at the and training of aviators and mechanics
Mr. Jeffers. He suggests, also, that
end of months of preparation, and in in large numbers. To do that there
the commission fix a maximum moist
considering in which way we can best will be required large appropriations,
ure weight per bushel. Oats and rye
prepare to help to achieve permanent but no trouble is anticipated in that
were felt to need the same legislation.
victories it is found that the aerial direction.
Bad order of sacks and the discount
The government's committee on pub
branch of the service affords the great
allowed for their repairs was the final
lic information has issued the follow
est possibilities.
subject discussed. The state claim of
“British, French. Russian, Italian ing statement regarding part of the
1 and 3 per cent discount was agreed
and American authorities who have details of the steps already taken to
by all the men present as not suffi
studied the matter closely have come train aviators in large numbers:
cient, and the 3 and 6 per cent allowed
“Last month a group of army offi
to the conclusion that the addition of
by the Seattle Merchants’ Exchange
10,000 aviators today to the allies’ cers visited the training camp of the
was thought more reasonable.
present aerial forces would insure Royal Flying corps at Borden, Ont.,
blinding the German batteries and pre one of the four camps established in
Horse Heaven Votes Bonds.
venting German aviators from conduct Canada, and the aviation school at
Prosser, Wash. — At an election in
ing operations over or near the allies’ Toronto, where cadets are trained un
lines. An additional 10,000 aviators der military discipline for the service.
the Horse Heaven irrigation district
would make It possible to conduct In these schools there has been incor
recently it was decided to bond the
aerial raids on a large scale and to porated the latest European experience
Maj. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., of the district for the completion of the proj
strike Germany in the most vital In the development of this new art of Officers’ Reserve corps In training at ect. There was a small vote owing
the Plattsburg camp. Major Roosevelt to the large number of nori-resident
places, to strike hard enough to lead the air.
to permanent victories.”
“Our officers were deeply impressed is only one of the Roosevelts in camp. land-owners. The majority for the
The authorities who met In Wash with their observations, and as a re Kermit, another'son of Colonel Roose bonds was 74. The project will com
ington readily agreed that every effort sult we called together here the heads velt, nnd J. A. Roosevelt are also train prise 215,000 acres, according to en
should be concentrated In striking Ger of six prominent engineering schools, ing there.
gineers’ estimates. At a meeting of
many through the air.
Several in which also have military training, and
land-owners it was decided to select an
stances during the meeting emphasized made arrangements to establish a sim who will be training at the same time. executive committee of seven men and
that although different persons pres ilar system In the United States. The
“The hangars will take care of 72 women of the district which committee
ent had obtained their Information six institutions are the Universities of airplanes. The preparation of these will confer in an advisory capacity.
from separate sources, their informa California, Texas, Illinois and Ohio, fields will cost approximately a million
tion was practically alike.
Massachusetts Institute of Technol dollars each. Including the construc
Board of Governors Meets.
ogy and Cornell university.
Three tion of the necessary buildings, dorm
The meeting of the board of gov technical instructors from each of itories, work shops and hangars. A
ernors of the Aero Club of America these places were sent to Toronto. standard set of buildings has already
was held In Washington and Howard They returned after a comprehensive been worked out, the fields will be ap
E. Coffin, the chairman of the aircraft study of the course given there, pre proximately a mile square, and great Wheat—Bluestem.......................... ...
production board, who Is also a mem pared to teach It themselves. These care Is being taken by the military of Fortyfold......................................... 2.32
Club................................................... 2.30
ber of the board of governors of the six engineering schools have opened ficers as regards their location.
club, presided. The members of the similar cadet aviation schools at their
“We are estimating about four Red Russian................................ 2.28
board present were: Mr. Hawley, respective institutions.
months as the period for getting these Oats—No. 1 white.............. .. .$44.00
James A. Blair, Jr.; W. Redmond
students ready for army service.
Courses in Aviation.
Barley—No. 1 feed...................... 42.00
Cross, Charles Edwards, Max H.
“The aircraft production board is Cattle—Steers, prime... $9.50010.25
“These cadet schools might be de
Fleischmann, John Hays Hammond, scribed as laboratory courses in avia working hard to assist the military de
Jr. ; Capt. James E. Miller, Raymond tion. The students are given thorough partments In their arrangements to Steers, good.................... 8.75@ 9.25
B. Price, Henry A. Wise Wood and instruction in the theory of flying, in have all these related activities co Steers, medium.............. 8.00@ 8.75
Cows, choice.................... 8. 25@ 8.50
Henry Woodhouse.
cluding the necessary physics and ordinated and at the same time to get Cows, medium................
7.500 8.00
Having reached the conclusion that mathematics and the mechanics of air the necessary training machines ready
Cows, fair........................ 6.75(d) 7.25
efforts must be concentrated to get plane construction.
In
time
for
their
use.
The training
Heifers............................ 5.00@ 9.25
and train thousands of aviators and schools are thoroughly equipped with
"Both the manufacturing problem Bulls.................................. 5.00© 7.25
arrange to manufacture tens of thou samples of airplane parts and instru and the training problem will be much Calves.............................. 7.50© 9.50
sands of modern airplanes of differ ments for demonstration, as well as simplified the second year if we can Hogs—Packing.............. ...
ent types for training, bomb-dropping, text-books. Technical matters relating establish the proper co-ordination of Rough heavies................ 13.90@14.25
artillery spotting, fighting machines to map-making, photography, bomb effort this year. The manufacturing Pigs and skips.............. .. 13.00013.50
and submarine destroyers, the board dropping, sun-sighting and all similar capacity can easily be doubled the sec Stock hogs........................ 11.00@12.50
subjects which a military aviator must ond year. In getting the co-operation Sheep—Wethers.............. 10.00010.50
5.0009.50
know
are also taught. All during this of the manufacturers In placing their Ewes..............................
ONE MENACE REMOVED
time the cadet Is.under military train facilities at the disposal of the gov Lambs . ............................. 11.00© 13.50
ing. following the methods which Great ernment we have found the organiza
Flour—Patents, $11.80.
Britain and Canada have found so suc tion of the Aircraft Manufacturers’ as
Millfeed — Spot prices: Bran, $33
sociation,
effected
last
February,
of
cessful. At the end of two months of
per ton; shorts, $38; rolled barley,
great
assistance.
this preliminary work the cadet Is giv
$48 ; rolled oats, $54.
"A prominent British general has
en a final test to determine whether
Corn—White, $72 per ton; cracked,
asserted that America’s greatest con $73.
he shall go on to the aviation camp.
tribution
to
the
war
will
be
aircraft
Hay — Producers’prices: Timothy,
“General Squier’s office has been
handling these schools. All applica and aviators. We believe that once Eastern Oregon, $28©30 per ton ; val
tions from persons who wish to become started upon quantity production ley timothy, $22024; alfalfa, $2 0©23;
military aviators have been turned American mechanical genius will over- valley grain hay, $18020.
Butter — Cubes, extras, 37c per
over to this department, over which come any present obstacle* to the prog-
pound; prime firsts, 35c. Jobbing
Prof. Hiram Bingham of Yale has been gress of the art.”
prices: Prints, extras, 38c; cartons,
given general direction by General
Squier, and there have been far more HOTEL MEN TO TRAIN CHEFS 1c extra; butterfat. No. 1, 38c; No.
2, 36c.
applicants than could be admitted.
Eggs—Ranch, current receipts, 30c
The schools began on May 10 and 25 Americans Ultimately to Supplant the
per dozen ; selects, 32c.
Foreign Chefs In the
cadets a week are entering each of
Poultry—Hens, 15©17c per pound;
Big Hotels.
the six colleges, which means that ns
K
broilers, 16@ 20c; turkeys, 20c; ducks,
soon as the first entering class com
%
Muncie,
Ind. — American
chefs, 18@22c; geese, 10012c.
pletes Its preliminary work approxi
Veal—Fancy, 14@143c per pound.
mately 150 students a week will be trained in an American hotel man's
Pork—Fancy, 193c per pound.
available for the regular training camp training school, will ultimately sup
Vegetables — Artichokes, 70 @ 75c
with a good ground work on which to plant the foreign chefs In the big ho
tels of the country. This Is the aim per dozen; tomatoes, $1.50@2.00 per
start their practical training.
Six Hundred Cadets In Six Colleges. of members of the Hotel Men's asso- crate; cabbage, 203c per pound; egg-
“There will be 600 cadets In ciation who have concluded an agree plant, 25c; lettuce, $1.75©2.00; cu
the six colleges by July. In the ment to establish n large training cumbers, 75c@$1.50 per dozen; pep-
meantime arrangements are going school for cooks and other hotel em- | pera, 20@35c per pound; rhubarb,
ahead for the nine aviation fields to re ployees in the Muncie National insti 203c; peas, 6©7c; asparagus, 5© 6c;
spinach, 607c per pound.
One of the most effective weapons ceive their men when they are ready. tute, which is in financial trouble.
Potatoes — Buying prices, $3.50©
in the war. but one which has bad but The aircraft production board Is work
Telegrams were received by repre-
small notice, is the ship that scours ing constantly with the military de sentatives of the association from 4.00 per hundred.
Green Fruit—Strawberries, Oregon,
the seas for the death engines that partments in preparing for the con- many of the leading hotel men of the
lurk everywhere waiting for unsus struction of these fields. The standard country pledging support before the $1.75© 2.50.
Hops—1916 crop, 3©6c per pound;
pecting merchantmen. This is a good field on which we are basing our pro agreement was signed. Messages have
view of a mine Just taken aboard a gram will provide for accommodating also been received from many United 1917 contracts, nominal.
Wool-- Eastern Oregon, fine, 47@53e
sweeper. Great Britain’s fleet of two squadrons of 150 students each States senators and governors, who de
sweepers have been very successful in with the necessary officer Instructors clare it is a “patriotic moverent” and per pound; coarse, 58c; valley. 60©
destroying the enormous fields planted and enlisted men. together with a cer- that it la now most timely, in view of 63c; mohair, 60065c.
Cascara Bark — Old and new, OR
in the North sea by the Germans
__ ,
tain number of additional enlisted men the world crisis.
per pound.
r 1
i
I
'
-
Ed.:
NORTHWEST MARKET REPORT
SUNFLOWER SEED USE
Given Count as Poultry Feed by
Professor Lippincott.
“Nomad,” a writer In the Boston
pressed One Unknown to Him.
Trauscript, discussing the propensity
of children to burrow into strawstacks
and sandbanks, regardless of danger
or perhaps because of it and the liking
of imaginative childhood for stories of
this kind, even though they are terrify-
Ing, goes on to say :
“The particular terror of experience
of this sort which most affected the
Nomad's imagination in his childhood
was the story of the escupe of the
Union prisoners from Libby prison dur
ing the war, by means of a hole bur
rowed front the floor of the prison, un
der the street, and out Into a vacant
lot somewhere. The prisoners took up
some tiles or bricks on the floor of the
prison at night, when unobserved, and
dug down into the earth. By morning
the bricks were ingeniously replaced,
while the excavated earth was sent
out in the prison refuse, or concealed
in odd corners. Down into the earth
and the darkness the prisoners dug a
burrow that was Just large enough for
a man’s body to pass. It ran far—It
tunneled under the street, under a
building. It emerged at last in a weedy
lot. The time came when the prison
ers made their attempt. Many never
dared make it. They preferred an
odious captivity to a glorious adven
ture. Through the grewsome hole, at
last, 109, Union soldiers made their
exit.
Among them was Colonel
Streight of Indiana, who was a big
man, wide of girth. Midway of the
hole he stuck fast. Those behind him
could not push him through. He felt
himself buried forever. No matter.
He was out of the prison. But those
before him, finding that no more came
on, crept back and investigated. Then
Streight was seized by the arms and
pulled through ! It was like being de
livered from the grave. The 109
crawled through and sneaked out Into
the country. Forty-eight of them were
recaptured by the Confederates and
thrust back into the prison. Two were
drowned; the other fifty-nine reached
the Union lines and safety. It was a
great adventure for them, a triumphant
one. It gloriously nerved the excava
tion of many strawstacks. But think
of Colonel Streight stuck In the hole !”
Colonel Streight, a very large man
■ven to old age, spent the years after
the war in Indianapolis, and was a
well-known figure on the streets, but
probably few knew of his Libby prison
experience. It is an odd thing that the
grim incident should have made so
deep an impression on one who never
saw him.
Its Good for Molting Period, but Not
Practicable at Other Times on Av
erage Farm—Too Much Fiber
and Too Expensive.
Sunflower seed because of its cost
and high fiber content is not so desir
able a poultry feed as is generally sup
posed, according to W. A. Lippincott,
professor of poultry husbandry In the
Kansas State Agricultural college.
“In the first place It is too expen
sive,” says Professor Lippincott, “and
then, too, it contains a large amount
of crude fiber. It is a good feed, how
ever, for the molting period. The oil
seems to aid in giving gloss to the
feathers. Protein is essential to feath
er growth—and the sunflower is rich
in protein.
Birds for Show Purposes.
“Sunflower seed Is used by poultry
men when they are preparing birds for
show purposes as the feed apparently
gives the bird a better appearance.
Showmen use the seed extensively as
feed but It is not practical for the
farmer unless the seed can be bought
much cheaper than the ordinary mar
ket price.”
Oats are better feed for chickens
than sunflower seed. In the opinion of
Mr. Lippincott. Sunflower seeds have
approximately 21 per cent fat content
and 30 per cent fiber content, while
oats have 4.2 per cent fat content and
only 10.8 per cent fiber content. It is
not wise to use oats as a feed for
chickens too extensively because the
digestive apparatus of the fowls Is not
designed to handle such a large amount
of crude fiber.
Best Fiber Content
The best fiber content in a ration for
fowls is approximately 3.5 per cent.
Too much fiber upsets the bird. If
some feeds, low in fiber, are used in
connection with oats, the fiber content
is brought down to about the required
amount.
Meat scraps and milk are the only
common poultry feeds having abso
lutely no crude fiber. Broken rice has
but 2 per cent, gluten meal 2 per cent,
corn 2.2 per cent, and kafir 2 per cent.
FAVOR ANGLE IRON HARROWS
Teeth Carrying Bars Are Pivotally
Connected at Their Front End
In V-Shaped Implement
a
Angle iron harrows are giving such
general satisfaction in the farming
business that the number of patents on
this type of soli pulverizer and weed
killer is growing larger every year.
This one was recently patented by a
Georgia man. The harrow teeth car
rying bars are pivotally connected at
their front end In a V-shaped imple-
ment, means being provided for de
tachably securing teeth. Adjustable
Wrote "Hall, Columbia.”
Although Francis Scott Key's "Star
Spangled Banner” Is generally accept
ed to be the national anthem of the
United States, there are those who
prefer the sturdy American spirit
which breathes in the first of the re
public’s great patriotic songs. Joseph
Hopkinson’s “Hall, Columbia !” The
latter was composed in 1798, 16 years
before "The Star-Spangled Banner,”
and It was considered the national an
them for years ufter Key’s song was
written.
"Hail, Columbia !” was first sung In
public at a benefit given at the Chest-
nut Street theater In Philadelphia for
a young actor and singer named Fox.
This affair was staged April 25, 1793.
Joseph Hopkinson, the author, was a
Philadelphia lawyer, the son of Fran
cis Hopkinson, also a distinguished
lawyer and jurist. The father had
gained fame us a poet by writing “The
Battle of the Kegs,” and the son in
herited his poetic gifts.
In answer to an appeal from Fox
for a song to be sung at his benefit,
Mr. Hopkinson wrote “Hail, Colum-
bia !” It was received with great en
Angle Iron Harrow.
thusiasm, and soon spread ever the
whole country. The air was that of
the “President's March,” then very teeth, carrying bars at the rear and at
right angles to the central brace that
popular.
bisects the V-shaped main part, hold
the main bars in variously adjusted
An Effective Ad.
positions.—Farming Business.
Jlnkson, visiting a small northwest
ern town, lost his pet dog, which he
highly prized. He therefore rushed to EXERCISE FOR YOUNG CHICKS
the office of the one and only newspa
per In the place and handed In an ad- Cool Room Is Better Than Warm Ono
for This Purpose—Avoid Leg
vertisement, offering $100 reward for
Weakness by Giving Bone.
the return of his companion.
A little later, thinking the matter
Early hatched chicks should be
over, he decided that he would be more
likely to obtain the missing animal if given plenty of room in which to ex
he inserted the words : "No questions ercise. A cool or slighly cold room
is better than a warm one for this
asked.”
lie therefore went across to the of purpose. It hardens the chick and
fice to see If this could be done. When there Is little danger from chilling If
he arrived only a small boy was to be properly handled. As soon as the
youngsters get cold they will run back
seen.
under the hovers and warm up, then
“Where’s the editor?” he asked.
run out again to work In the fresh
“Out"
air. Brooding In a cold room produces
“And the assistant editor?"
stronger chicks, with better appetites.
“Out.”
Indoor chicks should be allowed ac
“Well, the reporter?”
cess at all times to dried bone, small
“Out.”
size. They need this to maintain
“I'll see the printer, then.”
strength In the legs ; otherwise, when
“Out.”
“Well, where on earth has the staff closely housed, leg weakness results.
Fresh, green-cut bone fed In limited
gone to?”
quantities once per day will ward off
“Out looking for your dog.”
thia trouble.
Visible Means of Support.
A certain magistrate had the repu SWEET CORN STOVER SILAGE
tation of being very bard on vagrants.
One of these came before him charged Has Feeding Value Comparable With
Ordinary Corn Stover—Desir-
with loitering, and after he had plead
able Dairy Ration.
ed guilty the magistrate put some ques
tions to him, which he answered read
Sweet corn stover In the field, that
ily enough, says the Ban Francisco
Is, the fodder without the grain, has
Chronicle.
“Have you any visible means of sup a feeding value comparable with or
dinary corn stover.
port ?”
The silage which may be made from
“Yea, your honor,” replied Joe, as
quick as lightning. Then, turning to IL while a very palatable and a de-
where he perceived his wife In the au- sirable addition to the dairy ration,
di enee, "Stand up. Mary, so that his hae a lower feeding value than corn
silage or pea-vine allaga.
worship can see you.”