THE
ALL ARMS MAY FIGHT FOODS ARE NOT SHORT
Marine Regiment Added to Pershing’s Vegetables and Fruits Plentiful and
Army for France Total Force to
High Prices Not Justified, Says
Be About 40,000 at Start.
Department of Agriculture.
Washington, D. C.—All three arms
of America’s fighting forces — the
army, navy and marine corps — soon
will be represented in the war zone.
With American destroyers already
in European waters and army regulars
concentrating to carry the flag to the
battle line in Belgium and France, a
regiment of marines was designated
Monday to join the expeditionary force
and round out the nation’s representa
tion in the field.
The marines will be attached to the
army division under General Pershing,
which is under orders to proceed
abroad as soon as practicable.
Although details are not being made
public, it was calculated here that
with the marine regiment the total
American force now designated for
land service in Europe is close to
40,000.
An army division at war strength
comprises about 25,000 men, and up
wards of 12,000 are expected to be in
the nine volunteer regiments of en
gineers now being recruited. The for
estry regiment and the marine regi
ments each will number more than
1000. The strength of the naval force
in European waters has not been re
vealed.
General Pershing and his staff will
sail for Europe ahead of the troops to
pave the way for final training of the
huge army the United States is pre
paring to pour across the seas as rap
idly as men can be trained and equip-
ped.
For obvious reasons no information
as to the time of the American com-
mander’s departure or his destination
will be made public.
AIRCRAFT FLEET PROPOSED
Thirty-five Hundred Aeroplanes Being
Built and 6000 Men Are Wanted.
Washington, D. C. — Formal an
nouncement of the government’s pol
icy as to all types of aircraft except
Zeppelins was made Monday by the
Council of National Defense through
Howard E. Coffin, member of the coun
cil’s advisory commission and head of
the Aircraft Production Board, recent
ly created.
The object aimed at for the first
year, according to Mr. Coffin, is the
production of a minimum of 3500
training and battle aeroplanes; the ed
ucation of from 5000 to 6000 aviators,
and the doubling or more of the pro
ducing capacity during the second
year.
The board will co-operate with the
joint army and navy board on designs
and specifications of aircraft which
will pass on all questions of design and
military character.
Other plans include the establish
ment of nine aviation training fields,
three of which already have been se
lected by the War department and con
struction work on which will begin at
once. Each will provide for two aero
squadrons of 150 men each and have
hangars and shop equipment for 72
machines. It will cost approximately
$1,000,000 to equip each field.
Six American colleges are to give
cadet courses to classes of 600 student
aviators each, making 3600 men who
will be under instruction in these pre-
.liminary courses by July 1. The first
classes opened May 10.
The cadets
are entering the classes at the rate of
25 a week.
SPAIN'S NOTE CUTS GERMANY
Washington, D. C.—High prices for
fruits and vegetables cannot be de
fended on the ground of a supply short
age, in the opinion of the Agricultural
department, which announced Friday
that detailed department figures show
a shortage only in old potatoes and
strawberries.
Shipment of potatoes, onions, toma
toes, cabbages, lettuce and celery dur
ing the last week, said the announce
ment, were at least equal to those a
year ago when prices were much lower.
Twice as many bushels of new pota
toes and tomatoes and nearly seven
timed as much lettuce as during the
corresponding week last year were
handled from the producing fields.
Shipments of old potatoes were
given as “considerably lighter’’ than
last year and shipments of strawber
ries “approximately one-third less.”
Cold storage holdings of creamery
butter on May 15 amounted to 6,239,-
716 pounds, and of eggs 3,259,860
cases. Holdings of butter increased
about 67.2 per cent from May 1.
Let Contract for Paving.
Hoquiam—Contract for paving two
and a quarter miles of the Olympic
highway between Montesano and Aber
deen has been let by the county com
missioners to the Grays Harbor Con
struction company, of Hoquiam, for
$40,426.40. The work is to be com-
pleted by August 1.
The price is
nearly double what the work would
have cost last year and 22 per cent
higher than the county engineer’s es
ti mates. The cause is the unprece
dented high prices of labor and ma
terials and the great advance recently.
Swigart Quits Fruit Growers.
North Yakima — C. H. Swigart,
manager of the Yakima Valley Fruit
Growers’ association, tendered his res
ignation to the trustees Friday with
the announcement that he has received
an appointment with the Reclamation
service effective June 1.
The board
accepted the resignation and elected
C. H. Hinman manager. Mr. Hinman,
who has been president since the last
annual election, was succeeded by H.
P. James.
Spokane Faces 25-Cent Milk.
Spokane—Threats that milk may go
to 20 or 25 cents a quart during next
winter were made to the chamber of
commerce by a committee of Spokane
milk distributors.
Formal notice,
signed by the Broadview, Pine Creek
and Hazelwood companies, was served
on the chamber. A still further ad
vance in the price to the farmer will be
necessary in the near future, the dis
tributors declared, intimating that this
would be passed on to the consumer.
NORTHWEST MARKET REPORT
Wheat—Bluestem.
Fortyfold...............
Club..........................
Red Russian...........
Oats—No. 1 white
Barley—No. 1 feed
.$2.63
. 2.61
. 2.61
. 2.60
$49.00
47.00
Cattle—Steers, prime.. .$10.50@11.25
Steers, good ...
Steers, medium
Cows, choice...
Cows, medium..
Cows, fair ....,
Heifers............
Bulls..................
10.00@10.25
9. 50@ 9.75
9.50(a) 9.75
8.75@ 9.25
7.50@ 8.50
7.000)10.00
6.00@ 8.50
7.500)10.00
$15.500)16.25
Relations Suspended Until Submarine
Protesta Are Answered by Kaiser.
Hogs— Packing
14.50@15.00
Madrid—The Spanish government’s Rough heavies .
13.00@13.75
Pigs
and
Skips.
note to Germany concerning the at
12.00@ 13.00
Stock hogs.........
tack by German submarines on the
$ ; 9.75@12.00
Spanish steamer Patricio says that a Sheep— Wethers
9.00@11.50
number of notes of protests previously Ewes...................
10.25@1.50
Lambs...............
address to the German government
Flour
—
Patents,
$12.50.
remain unanswered.
Millfeed—Spot prices: Bran. $41.00
It declares that the transaction of
all diplomatic business with Germany per ton; shorts, $45.00; rolled barley,
will be suspended until replies are re $58.00; rolled oats, $56.
Corn — White, $72.00 per ton;
ceived to these, according to the news
papers.
> cracked, $73.00.
Hay—Producers' prices: Timothy,
It also demands the fulfillment of
conditions agreed upon by the German Eastern Oregon, $30.00 @ 32.00 per
government to prevent unwarned at ton; valley timothy, $22.00@24.00; al
tacks by submarines on Spanish ships falfa, $20.00@22.00; valley grain hay,
in safety zones and asks for an indem $18.00(520.00.
Butter — Cubes, extras, 361c per
nity for the Patricio.
pound; prime firsts, 352c. Jobbing
prices: Prints, extras, 39c; cartons,
Spy Suspect Run Down.
New York—After his motorboat had 1c extra; butterfat. No. 1, 39c; No.
2, 37c.
been chased several miles by the Cu
Eggs—Ranch, current receipts, 33c
ban gunboat Yara in Nipe bay, an al per dozen; selects, 34c.
leged German spy was captured Friday
Poultry—Hens, 162@17c per pound;
and later imprisoned in Cabanas fort broilers 18 @ 20c; turkeys, 22@24c;
ress, according to advices received ducks, 18@22c; geese, 12@13c.
from Havana Monday by the Republic
Veal—Fancy, 14@14c per pound.
of Cuba News bureau, in this city. The ■ Pork—Fancy, 192c per pound.
prisoner, the report said, had papers
Vegetables—Artichokes, 85@90c per
and plans which indicated he was plot dozen; tomatoes,
$4.25 @4.50 per
ting to etsablish a submarine base off crate ; cabbage, 5@6c per pound ; egg-
the eastern coast of the island of Cuba. plant, 25c; lettuce, $1.6501.80; cu
It is believed he was formerly a Ger- cumbers, 90c@$1.50 per dozen; celery,
man army officer.
75c @ $1.25; cauliflower, $1.00 per
dozen; peppers, 20@35e per pound;
rhubarb, 2@3c; peas, 5@6e; aspara
Four Die in Explosion.
Youngstown, O.—A mysterious ex- gus, 506c; spinach, 4@6c.
Potatoes — Buying prices, $3.50 @
plosion in the power plant of the Re
public Iron & Steel company at noon 4.00 per hundred.
Green Fruit — Strawberries, $1.75
Monday brought instant death to four
men and injuries to 11 others. Five per crate; apples, $1.3502.75 per box.
Hops — 1916 crop 3@6c per pound;
of the latter were seriously hurt. The
roof was blown off the building. 1917 contracts, nominal.
Wool — Eastern Oregon, fine. 45(8
Heavy pieces of iron were hurled a
48c per pound; coarse, 50c; valley, 45
quarter of a mile.
An investigation of a suspicion that @ 50c; mohair, 5502.61c.
Cascara Bark—Old and new, 63c per
HERMISTON
HERALD,
HERMISTON, OREGON.
LEFT BY THE RETREATING GERMANS
NOT CROWDED YET
Plenty of Room in Heaven, Say
the Statisticians.
al
Mathematicians Compile Interesting
Figures Based on the Dimensions
as Stated In Bible.
The dimensions of heaven are plain
ly stated in the Bible, but they are so
great that no one yet has been able to
reduce them to figures that can be
grasped by most people.
However,
they do indicate that heaven is not a
crowded place.
The basis of calculations of the size
of heaven is found in Revelations
21:15: “And he measured the city
with the reed, 12,000 furlongs. The
length and the breadth and the height
of it are equal.”
Twelve thousand furlongs are 1,920,-
000 feet, or 1,500 miles. The cube of
this must be taken In order to obtain
the cubic contents of heaven, which
are 469,793,088,000,000,000,000 cubic
feet
With these figures before him one
statistician has figured out just how
much room there is in heaven for each
individual soul. A single calculation is
given to prove Just how easy the proc
ess really is.
This statistician thinks that the
meeting place of the angels probably
is the most spacious and requires at
least half the total space. He deducts
another fourth for streets and open
places, which leaves 124,198,272,000,-
000,000,000 cubic feet for the actual
dwelling place of the angels.
A room 20 feet square contains 8,000
cubic feet. Assuming that the dwell
Ings of heaven are divided Into rooms
20 feet square, there would be exact-
ly 13,024,534,000,000,000 rooms.
The
present number of Inhabitants in the
world Is estimated at approximately
1,000,000,000. Assuming for the mo
ment that this number has always ex
isted in the world each day and that
there are three generations In a cen
tury, the number of Inhabitants for
each century would be 3,000,000,000.
Assuming also that the world has
existed for 1,000 centuries (scientists
have not been able to agree as to the
age of the earth), then the total num
ber of inhabitants in the world amounts
to 8,000,000,000,000.
Many scientists are of the opinion
that other worlds besides the earth,
especially Mars, are inhabited. Not
to leave out of account the possible in
habitants of other worlds, it is esti
mated that 99 of them could be added,
giving a total of 100 worlds like the
earth with 300,000,000,000,000 inhab
itants.
Dividing the total number of rooms,
13,024,534,000,000,000, by 300,000,000,-
000,000, the total number of inhabi
tants, there would be nearly five rooms
20 feet square and with a 10-foot cell
ing for each angel.
House With Double Roof.
By adopting some tropical Ideas of
house building, a Florida landowner
has constructed on the banks of the
Miami river a dwelling that promises
the maximum of comfort In summer.
The house Is described in Popular Me
chanics. It Is of a simple two-story
frame design, with low-pitched roof,
but the roof is double, with a consid
erable air space between, which serves
to protect the upper story from the
direct heat of the sun. There are also
wide two-story screened porches
around the house on three sides, so
as to get all the benefit of the north
east trade wind which prevails during
the summer. The porches are all un
der the double roof, which has over
hanging eaves. This style of construc
tion Is common In Java and Ceylon,
and is also found in the Panama Canal
zone, but the house on the Miami is
believed to be the first of Its kind in
the United States, as well as the first
'n Florida.
Mino Coal In River Beds.
It has been known for some time
that large quantities of anthracite coal
existed in the beds of certain rivers
running through the anthracite regions
of Pennsylvania, the coal having been
washed down years ago. In the Sus
quehanna river, the Schuylkill and the
Lehigh, these deposits are exceedingly
heavy, being found in greatest quan
tities in pockets along the river beds.
During the last few years companies.
Independent of owners and operators
of coal mines, have been at work dig
ging out this coal by means of dredges,
selling it afterward direct to the con
sumer. The coal is said to be of ex
cellent quality, in fact, much of it is
superior to that obtained direct from
the mines. The cost of dredging aver-
ages about 12 cents a ton and the
prices to consumers have been as low
as $1.35.
No Reason for It
Polly—Why do you quarrel so much
with your fiance ?.
Molly—To keep people from getting
the wrong Impresston. I don't want
everybody to think I have to marry
him.—Judge.
Catty Remark.
First Otri—My motto is: Alm high.
Second Otri—That accounts, I sup
pose, for the way you are throwing
yourself at the head of the new minis
ter who is over six feet.
She Wouldn’t Apologize Then.
She—You don’t mind my talking i
much, do you?
He—No, Indeed ; but (facetiously )
Like Hornets, They Attack En-
emy Formations, and Drive
Survivors Home.
, .
e- :
s Sa
$
2 BRITISH AIRMEN
ROUT 14 GERMANS
FOE UNWILLING TO FIGHT
4
ti
From the Front Come Wondrous Stor
ies of Dauntless Deeds and Feats
of Aerial Tilting—Britain Now
Commands the Air.
“* $
ire
se
h%, ;
Salvage corps of British soldiers collecting rifles, helmets, cartridges, cloth
ing and other Impedimenta from a battlefield near Bapaume, France, the scene
of heavy fighting. Scenes such as this greet the eye at every turn on the great
wide area over which the British have advanced, crushing back the Germans.
WAR TANK EXPERT TO ADVISE U. S.
the enemy trench. Only by landing
a shell directly upon a tank can it
be put out of commission. Bullets
from German rapid firers and the in
fantry rifles are powerless.
Hand
grenades do it no damage.
Exactly how the French get the
tanks to their first line trenches In
preparation for attack is a 'secret and
for the present nothing on that phase
of the use of them can be published.
The well-trained mechanicians und
riflemen are ready when it is time to
start and upon the signul the tunk
gets Into action.
Artillery preparations precede the
advance of tanks. As the time ap
proaches for the start, the barbed wire
entanglement directly in front of the
first-line trench is cut. That is done
under cover of darkness. Then over
the trench goes the tank nnd nil is
ready for the invasion of No Man's
Lund.
Shelling by the French artillery has
silenced the enemy’s cannon, and
when the commanding officer decides
thnt the remaining Germuns in the
first line und supporting trenches are
sufficiently demoralized the signal to
ndvnnce Is given. One can fancy the
picture—a line of monster steel con
traptions creeping forward.
The "zanznning” of the tank's ma-
chine guns begins when outposts of
the German defenders empty I he
chambers of their magazine rifles by
wny of alarm and try to retreat from
their observation points Just In front
of the barbed wire. Then the tank
arrive at the barbed wire and by sheer
weight crush it and roll onwurd to
the first Hue trench.
The caterpillar wheels allow the
tank to straddle the German trench.
It Is halted and a cross fire poured
Into the Hne. The emplacements of
Herman machine guns are literully
blasted away by the field pieces that
are mounted In the tanks und the
enemy reserve Infantry mowed down
by machine gun fire as they crawl
from their communication trenches.
At a signal from the commander of
each tank the French supporting in
fantry rushes forward. If all goes
well the ground Is cleared of the ene
my und the “poilus” reach the trench
with a minimum loss. Then the sec
ond line is taken. The advance con
tinues until the enemy line Is all cap-
tured, going forward a greater or less
distance according to the nature of
the ground. Tanks cannot attack bat
teries of artillery, and therefore their
work is accomplished when the
trenches are cleared.
With the advance of the French In
fantry positions there Is a relative
advance of supporting artillery In the
rear and a consequent retreat by the
German artillery.
Capt. Charles Sweeney, Who
Commanded French Battery,
Is in Washington.
WILL HELP ORDNANCE STAFF
French Tank Likened to Giant Hog
Creeping Forward — Straddles
Trenches, Crushes Through
Barbed Wire and Rakes
Foe With Guns.
Washington.—The French Infantry
that has been winning so much ground
In the Champagne region of late is ad
vancing an a supporting force to
numerous batteries of caterpillar trac
tors or “tanks,” hog-like in appear-
ance, that creep forward with a per
sistency which the German troops re
maining in their shell-battered trenches
cannot check, and which assure the
poilus of protection ns they “dig In”
upon their advanced lines.
So that an American army can know
about these tanks if sent abroad, Capt.
Charles Sweeney, a native of Spokane,
Wash., and a member of the Foreign
ree-)
1e.
. .
1
z .“uns
.eie... t
Ss
.-e
Se
lt
Fim
Capt Charles Sweeney.
Legion of the French army, Is now
In Washington, D. C„ where he will
assist ordnance experts in preparing
similar land cruisers for service. He
returned recently from Frunce, where
his assignment of late had been with
a battery of "tanks.”
Captain Sweeney Is a West Pointer,
but when the fighting began he was
found in the French army. He started
as a private in the infantry. He want
ed to be in the thick of it, so chose
that branch of the service, and during
his campaigning was in many battles.
He was awarded the cross of the Le
gion of Honor for valor and promoted
to lieutenant when, single-handed, he
captured a machine, gun end six Ger-
mans.
Very little has been written In this
or any country regarding the French
tanks. The first few used by the
French army went Into action about
the same time the British put theirs
in the field. It was not until the great
offensive began this spring that the
pollua trotted forward in support of
great numbers of their tanka—“zan-
zana," as they called them.
The beat way to describe a French
tank is to compare It with a giant
hog, kneeling so that Its short legs
cannot be seen, and creeping forward
as it roots In the ground.
Bullets Do Not Harm Them.
A rain of lead pours from its sides
as it proceeds, and heavier shot and
shell are showered upon any position
where machine guns of the Germans
may remain la action as it straddles
•
Manned by Picked Soldiers.
|
British Headquarters In France.—
Out of the high, thin air, where the
fighting birdmen fly in a sort of dream
world of adventure, have come within
the last few days still more wondrous
stories of dauntless deeds and feats of
aerial tilting to spread the welcome
glamour of romance over the more sor
did side of the war. Above the British
lines and far within the enemy terri
tory the blue spring skies have been
filled with daring planes that seem to
flush in and out among the bits of
floating cloud with the speed of the
very sunbeams that sparkle and play
upon their silver sides and all but
transparent wings.
Virtually all the visible machines
bear the red, white and blue markings
of the allies. It is seldom that hostile
battle birds with the Maltese cross up
on their spreading wings venture
across the fighting lines.
The British aviators report that it
Is difficult Just now to get the Ger
man aviators into close fighting. They
say that the Germans appear unwilling
to engage in that sort of warfare and
continually attempt to break off the
combats.
Two fast British machines far In
the enemy’s domain saw what ap
peared to be a great flock of German
planes headed toward the British lines.
The two British airmen climbed a cou
ple of thousand feet to have a better
look at the strangers. They then saw
that it was a formation of 14 machines
composed of fighting scouts and heav
ier two-seaters, probably intent upon a
bombing raid. The odds were rather
heavy against them, but the British
fliers decided to have a go at the hos
tile airmen.
Two Britons Rout 14 Germans.
Having faster and better maneuver
ing machines than anything in the Ger
man formation, the young Britons
played about their 14 enemies like a
pair of giant hornets. They dived at
them time and time again, firing bursts
of machine-gun bullets as they passed.
With superior speed and climb, the
British machines were able to adopt
such tactics us suited their purpose,
nnd from the moment of the first at
tack the formation of the German ma
chines began to break up.
After two of their machines had
been set on fire and destroyed and a
third sent spinning down to an un
doubtedly fatal crash, the hostile
squadron was completely disorganized,
the surviving machines turning about
and making for home.
Another story has to do with the
narrow escape of a young British naval
airman who sailed on a recent bright
afternoon to "strafe" a German balloon
that he saw in the air some distance
back of the enemy’s fighting lines.
Nowadays whenever a British plane
crosses the lines within a mile or two
of a German balloon station “S. O. 8.”
signs ascend nnd the balloon Is hauled
down as fast as motor-driven winches
can drag It. The pilot was not to be
thus foiled, however. When he arrived
near the balloon It was only 20 feet
from the ground, but he dived for it,
notwithstanding the protecting ma
chine guns that were sending up literal
fountains of steel-Jacketed bullets.
The balloon began to smoke In sev
eral places, and the British airman was
diving nt it again when his engine was
hit. The navy chap managed to get
himself home, like n wounded pigeon,
nevertheless, crossing the fighting lines
nt less than 50 feet. Being a naval
man, he officially described his home-
coming as "limping Into port."
Several other aviators recently at
tacked German balloons on the
ground. The correspondent spent most
of Sunday on the battle front, but saw
no German balloons up after British
airmen had destroyed two early In the
morning.
Attacks Howitzer Crew.
On Saturday afternoon a British
fighting scout was Just taking the air
when he saw an ’’archie” battery fir
ing at a Geminn machine high In the
clouds. The Briton deliberately began
to climb through this fire to engage the
enemy, but the latter saw him coming
and streaked for home. The Britisher
followed him for several miles, firing
all the while, but finally ran out of
ammunition.
One pilot described the sensation of
passing through a firing zone as similar
to that received In a small boat rock
ing upon the swell of a fast-passing
steamer.
Often the pilots of artillery observ
ing machines have been able to catch
glimpses of the slow-moving, heavy
howitzer shells. It Is related of one
British pilot that some time ago he
saw a big German howitzer shell com
ing apparently direct for him. It
whizzed by harmlessly, however, but
the pilot was »o angry that he spotted
that particular gun, dived at It and
fired an entire drum of machine-sun
bullets at the crew. He had not time
to stop to see what damage, U aay»
Tanks are considered as the prop
erty of the infantry and the poilus
are proud of them. To be assigned to
a "zanzan”—a bang-bunging war
chariot—makes the Frenchman hap-
py. If the American army adopts
such fighting machines the first-class
privates will be given the honor of
becoming mechanicians and fighters
within them.
Exactly in what proportion the
French use tanks as compared with
infantry regiments Is a secret, but the
constant cry Is for more. They are of
different sizes, according to the ground
over which they operate, but the ten
dency of late has been to construct
them along bigger lines. The armored
sides, top and bottom, protect the fight
ers and the knowledge that their work
saves the Ives of so many of their
fellow countrymen and allies prompts
them to do their utmost.
When the tank starts over No Man's
Land those within havs as much am
munition as can be stored in the com-
partments, and also water, rations,
first-aid packages and gas masks.
There is no telling how long they will
be out—hours or days—and the sol
diers have learned thst preparedness
for any emergency is the best thing.
Captain Sweeney had such success
with the tank he commanded that he
was put to charge of a battery of four
of them. Later he bad 16.
his vongeful act had caused.