f*?______________________
HOM E ANT) FA RM M AGAZINE SECTION______________
Bureau of Markets at O.A.C.
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A bureau of markets is the latest
step toward afficieney in the School
of Commerça of the Oregon Agrienl-
tural College. The work of this new
bureau, which should find a hearty
welcome from fermera* organisations
in the state, is outlined in the fol-
(•> lowing article by J. A. Bexell, Dean
ei? of the School of Commerce at 0 . A.
<-s C.— Editor.
w ill co-operate in ca rry in g o u t a sys
<» tem of surveys of th e sta te , w hich
wiU supply a c cu rate d a ta re g a rd in g
com m odities produced an d th e effi
ciency of th e sy stem s by w hich
such com om dities a re m a rk e te d in
every co unty In th e sta te .
<»
P u b licity C am paign.
Using the Babcock Test
E FO R E 1890, when th e Babcock
te s t w as invented, no sim ple,
a c cu rate m eth o d w as know n by
w hich th e fa rm e r could m easu re th e
rich n ess of th e m ilk o r cream w hich
he sold, o r th e m ilk o r cream w hich
rem ained. A t cream eries and cheese
fac to ries each p atro n w as paid in
p ro p o rtio n to th e w eight of m ilk d e
livered. It w as th en com m only be
lieved th a t 100 pounds of m ilk from
one cow w ould m ake as m uch
b u tte r o r cheese as an eq u al w eight
of m ilk from an y o th e r cow. Cows
w ere valued according to th e n um
b e r of p o u n d s of m ilk th ey pro
duced.
B
te stin g th e ir own cows, o r hava
joined cow -testing asso ciatio n s In or
d e r to have th e w ork done fo r th em ,
a t a cost of a b o u t $1 a year, fo r
each cow in th e h erd .
V ery few
dairy m en who have h ad th e ir cow«
tested fo r a y ear or m ore a re will
ing to d isco n tin u e th e w ork. F o r by
th is te stin g th e ow ner know s th e
w eight of th e m ilk an d of b u tte r fa t
p roduced by each cow.
T h is en
ab les him a t th e end of th e season
to pick o u t his m ost p ro fitab le cows,
w hose calves sh o u ld be k ep t to im
prove th e h erd , an d also to know
w hich a re th e p o o rest cow s in th e
h erd w hich sh o u ld be rep laced , b e
cau se in very m any cases th ey do
n o t pay fo r th e ir feed.
7. T h ro u g h ex p erim en t sta tio n s
and extension b u lletin s, p ress notices
and extension le ctu res, th e b u rea u
.................................................................- •
(Special to the Farm Magatine.)
co n tem p lates a sy stem atic p ublicity
BUREAU of farm m a rk e t an d cam paign on th e w hole su b je c t of
o rg an izatio n designed to se m a rk e tin g and r u ra l cre d its, includ
cu re g re a te r efficiency in m a r Ing th e fu n ctio n of o rg an izatio n
k etin g farm p ro d u cts an d im proved sta n d a rd iz a tio n of p ro d u cts, pack in g
social service, h a s rec en tly been shipping, etc,
T he school of com m erce w as th e
added as a sub-dlvlslon of r u ra l eco
Proving a Cow’s Value.
nom ics In th e fa rm e rs ’ business pio n eer in co rrespondence In stru c
courses conducted by th e school of tio n a t th e college. F o r fo u r o r five
T he re la tiv e v alu e of d ifferen t
W eighing th e Milk.
com m erce of th e O regon A g ricu l y ea rs It has o ffered th re e courses cows in a h erd Is now d eterm ined
F o r cow -testing it is n ecessary to
tu r a l College. T he scope an d ac in business m eth o d s know n collect by w eighing an d te stin g th e m ilk of
tiv itie s of th is new ly cre ate d b u reau ively as th e “ F a rm e rs ’ B usiness each. M any cows produce a p ro fit w eigh an d te s t th e n ig h t’s and
C o u rse," w hich co n sists of th e fo l of from $25 to $50 or m ore per m o rn in g ’s m ilk of each cow once in
low ing co u rses: F irs t, farm acco u n t year, b u t in alm o st every h erd te st each m onth. T h is is th e p lan fol
in g ; second, ru ra l law, an d th ird , ed som e “ ro b b e r” cows a re found low ed by m ost cow -testing associa
ru ra l econom ics. T hese courses are w hose m ilk does n o t pay fo r the tio n s, an d i t is also su ita b le for
offered to stu d e n ts of O regon w ith feed consum ed by them . By replac farm e rs w ho do th e ir own te stin g .
o u t tu itio n .
ing th e p o o rest cows w ith b etter In ad d itio n to th e Babcock te st o u t
fit, a m ilk scale is n eeded. A fter
A co u rse of th e g re a te st p rac tica l ones, th e h erd w ill be im proved.
buying th e m ilk scale an d u sin g it
v alu e to farm e rs is th a t of co-opera
A lth o u g h th e re is only ab o u t one- a few tim es, m any find it so little
tive acco u n tin g an d m an ag em en t,
eig h th as m uch f a t in se p arato r w o rk th a t th ey p re fe r to w eigh th e
an d th e re are few if an y sim ila r
courses c a rrie d by o th e r schools of skim m ilk as In m ilk skim m ed from m ilk every day, alth o u g h th e te s t
com m erco in o u r w hole co u n try . It crocks o r shallow pans. It should in g is done only one day in each
covers th e business m a n ag em en t of be tested fo r f a t fre q u en tly to see m onth. T he dally w eighing of m ilk
if th e se p a ra to r is sklm im ng as enab les th e ow ner (1 ) to feed each
co-operative societies, in clu d in g o r
closely
as it should. O rd in arily sep cow in th e m ost econom ical w ay ac
g an izatio n of em ployees, s tru c tu re
building, office eq u ip m en t an d a r a r a to r skim m ilk te sts ab o u t five- cording to h e r flow of m ilk an d to
ran g e m en t. correspondence an d fil h u n d re d th s (.0 5 ) of 1 per cent, b ut observe how th e flow of each cow
ing, book keeping an d cost ac co u n t If, by ru n n in g th e se p a ra to r too is affected by ch an g es of feed o r
slow ly o r se p a ra tin g th e m ilk when o th e r co n d itio n s; (2 ) to quickly d e
ing ad a p te d to d iffe ren t co-operative
asso ciatio n s such as cream ery and too cold or fo r o th e r reasons, the te c t any sud d en d ecrease in m ilk
cow te stin g associations, au d itin g skim m ilk sh o u ld contain .15 per flow, w hich m ay Indicate illness, and
and fin an cin g , a d v e rtisin g an d m a r cen t o r m ore fat, th e loss may to give p ro m p t tre a tm e n t to such
ketin g ,
d ep reciatio n ,
m em bership am o u n t to $1 or $2 p er cow per cases; (3 ) by com parison of one
m eetings, an n u a l re p o rts an d s ta tis ear. T his am o u n t of m oney will d ay ’s m ilk flow w ith a n o th er, th e
m ore th a n pay fo r th e en tire ex ow ner can be su re th a t th e m ilk
tical an aly sis of o perations.
pense of In stallin g an d o p era tin g a used once a m onth fo r f a t te stin g is
G row th o f C om m ercial C ourses.
C om m ercial cou rses In th e O re Babcock test. A lthough th e fa t In n o rm al in q u ality (4 ) d aily w eigh
J. A. B exell, Dean of the School of gon A g ric u ltu ra l College w ere estab th e skim m ilk Is n o t w asted when in g of th e m ilk show s w hich m ilk er
Commerce, O, A. C., Who Con lished 4 7 y ea rs ago. A t th a t tim e fed to pigs or calves, yet it is much is doing th e best w ork.
tributes the Accompanying Article. one co u rse w as offered In political m ore p ro fitab le to sell b u tte r fa t as
If th e m ilk Is w eighed d aily the
cream o r b u tte r th an it Is to m ake
of m a rk e ts m ay be g ath ered from econom y, one in p olitical science and veal or p o rk o u t of It.
to ta l w eight of each cow 's m ilk a t
one
in
accounting.
T
he
dem
and
fo
r
th e follow ing sta te m e n t of Dr. Mac-
th e end of th e m o n th Is ob tain ed
tra in in g
h as
grown
W eeding Out the Robbers.
P h erso n , of w hose d e p a rtm e n t th e com m ercial
by ad d in g up th e d aily w eights. If
stead ily since th a t d ate, u n til now it
b u reau w ill be a p a r t:
T he dairym an who buys an d uses th e m ilk is w eighed only on one day
1. T he b ureau is a rra n g in g w ith is o rg an ized as a se p a ra te school,
Babcock te ste r w ill soon find th a t In th e m o n th th is w eight is m u lti
com
prising
th
e
d
ep
a
rtm
en
ts
of
b
u
si
th e fa rm e rs ’ o rg an izatio n s alread y
he is aided in th ree w ays:
F irst, plied by 30 o r th e a c tu a l n u m b e r of
existing in th e s ta te fo r th e fu lle st ness a d m in istra tio n , political econ by te stin g his cows he w ill be able days in th e m o n th to g et th e to ta l
co-operation in o rd er
secure g re a t omy, p o litical science an d sten o g to weed o ut th e “ ro b b ers” an d re w eig h t fo r th e m onth. To g et th e
e r efficiency In m ark
an d social rap h y an d office tra in in g . T he de ta in his best pro d u cers fo r breeding w eig h t of b u tte r fa t p roduced each
gree b ach elo r of science and* com and m ilk and b u tte r fa t production. m onth, th e w eig h t of th e m o n th ’s
service.
2. T he b u rea u w ill co-operate m erce h as been aw arded since 19 00 Second, by fre q u en tly te stin g th e i lllk is m u ltip lied by th e p er cent
directly w ith any grou p of farm ers to stu d e n ts w ho have com pleted fo u r m ilk o r cream before It Is sold he of b u tte r fa t w hich it co n tain s,
In th e sta te to assist them in fo rm y ears of w ork. One h u n d red and should have a check upon th e te st found by cam pling an d te stin g each
ing such associations as are best seventeen stu d e n ts have been g ra d u m ade a t th e factory. T h ird , by oc cow ’s m ilk fo r fa t.— J . S am ius in
ad a p te d to m eet th e b u sin ess needs ated w ith th is degree.
casionally te stin g th e skim m ilk he ‘he C alifornia F a n n e r.
T he ac tiv itie s of th e school fall will be able to see th a t no b u tte r
of th e ir locality. It w ill fu rn ish ex
u
n
d
e
r
th
re
e
d
iffe
ren
t
divisions—
th
e
p e rt advice, based on a survey of
fa t is being w asted.
th e neighborhood, as to th e kind of resid en t In stru ctio n al w ork, th e cor
On m any d airy farm s th e Babcock
association needed. T hro u g h Its field respondence in stru c tio n a l w ork and te st is saving an n u a lly m any tim es
th
e
in
v
e
stig
a
tio
n
a
l
w
ork
in
ru
ra
l
exp ert it w ill enable th e farm ers to
its cost, and a t th e sam e tim e Is en
p erfec t th e ir o rganizatio n w ith a econom ics, of w hich th e m a rk e ts ab lin g farm ers to select th e ir best
b
u
reau
is
a
p
art.
m inim um of friction an d expense. It
A fa ir id ea of th e ex ten t of t h e | cowA . and lraprove th e ir h erd s as
w ill assist new ly organized societies
rap id ly as possible.
A Babcock
In estab lish in g efficien t accounting in stru c tio n a l w ork may be had from te ste r should be used re g u la rly on
a tr o u sand (fa Ilona
system s.
Societies fu rn ish in g th e a co n sid eratio n of th e follow ing every d airy farm and in every ru ra l
fo r p u ||w a tc r '’ direct
fig
u
re
s:
In
1912
and
1913
th
e
re
b u rea u w ith m onthly sta te m e n ts of
fro m w e ll” w ith the
school in th e co u n try .
th e ir business will be en title d to free w ere 1,702 stu d e n ts received In stru c
tion
in
th
e
school
of
com
m
erce,
V
alue
o
f
T
estin
g
C
ows.
a u d it an d expert advice.
co u n tin g a stu d e n t fo r each course
Cow -testing Is of g re a t Im p o rt
C o-operation.
Pneum atic
in w hich h e w as reg istered . Seven ance. A nyone who know s how to
3. T he b u rea u w ill co-operate h u n d red an d sixty of th ese w ere h an d le th e Babcock te st ra n success
w ith th e fa rm e rs' org an izatio n s and en ro lled in o th e r d ep a rtm en ts and fully to st th e cows in th e hom e herd.
associations of consum ers in a ssist 942 w ere re g u la r stu d en ts. As early T h o u san d s of d airy fa rm e rs are now The Pfau pump goes direct into veil
and supplies constant never .failing
ing them to m ake th e m ost effective as O ctober 3 th is year 1,044 had
pressor»
JuM lik e drawing tratet from
use of th e ir m a rk e tin g possibilities reg istered , w hich w ould Indicate th a t
a babbling tpring. Par hard and soft water.
N o better l a m 6re protection know n
of th e parcel post.
am
ong
ed
u
cato
rs,
b
u
t
th
e
re
Is
an
In
th e to ta l class re g istra tio n w ould be
BUM*
creasin g dem and for o u r g ra d u a te s
4. T he b u rea u will m ake a col n ot less th a n 2,500.
Free Catalog
lection of all th e law s o btainable
In positions of responsibility. One of
S ch ool R ecogn ized .
yours for the aaking. w i l l ra n c a ll for It,
re la tiv e to m a rk e tin g co-operations
T he w ork of th e school of com o u r la st y e a r's g ra d u a te s w as recen t •Manati w e m all i t » r o o f L e t oa koow new
an d a g ric u ltu re In general. T hrough m erce is now recognized by th e h ig h ly appointed business ag en t on one
THOS. J. ROSS
th is in fo rm atio n th e A g ricu ltu ral est a u th o ritie s on com m ercial ed u of th e s ta te farm s of K ansas a t a
289 E Morrison Street
College w ill be in a position as never cation. In a recen t re p o rt of th e Salary of $1,600 and p erquisites.
Portland. Oregon.
befo re to co-operate effectively w ith E d u catio n al C om m ittee of th e A m er
th e legislative com m ittees of farm ican A ssociation of P ublic A ccount
e r s ’ org an izatio n s In secu rin g th e a n ts on one h u n d red of th e leading
best law s fo r th e state.
com m ercial schools in th e U nited
6. T h ere will also be collected S tates, we a re ran k e d w ith ten
an d filed In th e b u rea u blue p rin ts schools giv in g th e m ost com plete
of typical p la n ts such as cream eries, courses In com m erce. T h e schools
W it h o r W ith o u t B u zz S a w A tta c h m e n t
cheese facto ries, canneries, dryers, are as follow s:
ill aaw 2 0 to 4 0 cords o l wood per day at a coat o l
flo u r and feed m ills, etc. Along w ith
1. C olum bia U niversity.
» 1.0 0.
P U L L S I T S E L F up the steepest H I L L and
th e se will be collected catalo g u es of
2. New Y ork U niversity.
over the roughest ground. Coat» leet than other make*.
b usiness houses dealin g In supplies
O n e man writes he sawed 5 6 ricka in 10 hours.
3. N o rth w e ste rn U niversity.
fo r such plan ts, w ith th e prices for
A nother tawed 4 0 cords in 9 hour».
There'»
4. O regon A g ricu ltu ral College.
w hich such equipm ent is obtainable.
more you ought to know . W rite (or F R E E cat.
5. S ain t L ouis U niversity.
alog containing lu ll description w ith
F rom th is info rm atio n fhe bureau
6. U niversity of C alifornia.
from enthusiast« users. U'RITE TODA
w ill be able to supply estim ates as to
7. U niversity of D enver.
th e low est cost of building and
8. U n iv ersity of Illinois.
equipping p la n ts fo r various associa
9. U niversity of P ennsylvania.
tions.
10. U niversity of P ittsb u rg .
4. AU d e p a rtm e n ts of th e college
N ot only is o u r w ork recognised
A
Dont Drink'
“Stored Water!
PFAU
Water System
$82
( veaek
E arning C apacity
“ K IN G OF T H E W O O D S “ DRAG SA W
4
*