TTOME AND FA RM MAGAZINE SECTION com paratively shallow rooted grain crops. T heir roots strik e steadily deeper and deeper and draw upon th is deeply stored m oisture directly and indirectly (Special to th e F arm M agazine.) I ev ap o ratio n , a g re a te r exhaustion o f|th ro u g h the lesser d istan ce th a t capil H IK E PB A ( TICAT.T.Y all farm ers th e p lan t foods in the su rface layers lary action m ust carry th e more deeply th a t m ake any claim to progree- anortance of deep storage reaches f u r - . gions of 10 to 15 inches rain fall, the feet, although th is does not occur, of th e r th an m erely a ffo rd in g a larg er ' m oisturo m ay be carried to depths of course, except w here m oisture has pene­ supply o f m oisturo for th e dry seasons 9 and 10 fe e t and a t th is depth it is tra te d th a t far, fo r root pen etratio n an d n a tu ra lly im plies conditions th a t by no m eans beyond reach of even the follow s only in th e p ath of m o istu re.” lead to a deeper rooting system of the w growing crops. A ‘ ‘ T h u s,” says P rofessor Seudder, the Oregon A g ricu ltu ral College agronom ­ is t, ‘ ‘ the crop roots have a g re a t area WAS alw ays called a cran k on the I hitch in g were done in there. I f it was of soil from w hich th ey o b tain stored care of farm im plem ents. W hat a cold m orning in early spring, the m oisture and p la n t food. The deeper th ey m eant w as th a t X took more horses mueh p referred to go in th ere sto red m oisture w hich can n o t reach ik . i. 7 7 7, 7 tim e th an w as p ro fitab le to care for the to drink th an at th e outdoor ta n k , and th e upper layers of soil rap id ly enough* , , . , , _ _ , ., t thronirh pleasure when “ it w as h o t In show ery th rough cap illary action to supply t . t h , e i toola; r “" ’ bQt to raa 11 wa8 mora F « " « " I th - - e - « sam » • e "<>«* needed sustenance, can be utilized bv ‘° ™ °JLU ° ‘„ th a “ “ T T a th e r- when w orking in th e field, th e deeply rooted p lan ts as th e hot w eath erb eaten or ru sty a ffa ir, aside he doors were le ft open a t one end or r from th e q u ality of th e w ork done w ith th e other, w hichever geomed the most w eath er approaches and th e g rain fill­ it favorable from the elements; then if in g period comes. I t is th is su b so il The harrow w as th e only tool th a t I we had to m ake a home ru n to b eat m oisture w hich acts as the d ry fa rm ­ u nhitched from in the field, it being th e shower, ev ery th in g w as favorable e r ’s reserve and p erm its him to pro­ too inco n v en ien t to tak e in. Then the fo r it. duce a good crop p ractically w ithout q u ality of th e w ork it would do In The horses th a t took th e plow out to rain . eith er case could h ard ly be tak en i n t o ; th e field in th e m orning brought it ‘ ‘ G ettin g th e m oisture in to th e soil co n sid eratio n ; so th a t harrow was back again a t noon. The plow m ust be 5s alm ost as im p o rtan t as is its con­ cleaned and well painted once in two sharpened every noon when in use. It serv atio n a fte r it gets there. I t is at years, and it was out in th e w eather took about 18 m inutes to ta k e o ff the le a s t of firs t im portance, fo r m oisture ab o u t six w eeks every spring. I t cost plow share, ham m er it out cold on the c an n o t be conserved u n til it is taken $18 and I used it 30 years. s n ’ril and p u t it on again. Then a fte r in to the soil reservoir. There w as a w aterin g place in th e d inner it seemed to draw 30 per cent Inducing Deep Storage. m achine shed, and h itching up and u n ­ easier when fresh sharpened. W hile ‘ ‘ To induce deep sto rag e th e surface Boil m ust be m ain tain ed in an absorp tiv e , sponge-like condition throughout th e p recip itatio n period as fa r as pos­ sible, as already described, by plow in g or disking, in creasing th e humus co n ten t, etc., so th a t p recip itatio n will strik o in and be carried to the subsoil im m ediately, n o t only by pereolation b u t by capillary action dow nward. ‘ ‘ Indeed, one of the most im portant fu n ctio n s of capillary action is to carry m oisture dow nw ard into th e lower, : d rie r areas a fte r pereolation has ceased. H ere again a m oist subsoil is of great e it im portance, fo r a fa r reaching cap il­ la ry m ovem ent dow nw ard is hastened w here th e soil p articles are already m oist, “ slic k in g ” the w ay fo r a more rap id passage of fu rth e r moisture. H an d lin g Properly. “ W here th e surface soil is le ft hard | and com pact over w in ter and early spring, not only loss from su rface wash in g occurs, b u t m oisture does not pene tr a to in to th e subsoil. I t rem ains larg ely in th e su rface layers. T his re ­ su lts in shallow rooting o f th e crop p la n ts and a consequent larg er grow th of leaf and sta lk , a la rg e r loss by , T " * * r 8 j I '10 sharp plow would run deeper, the plow would run shallower. A t night th e plow was brought in. T h e * aa the end of a shelf sat a tom ato caa w ith some m achine oil and a p ain t brush in it, and it was a pleasure ra th e r than a task to grease all the bright parts of the plow. Then If there m e dam p w eather and the plow was not used for a few days, th ere was ne question b u t w hat it would do its p a rt satisfacto rily w hen w anted. The sam e w ith the p la n te r; it was handier to tak e out some corn on the p lan ter than any other way. And with the cultivator, the mower, the tedder or hay rake, the horse or team th a t took them to the field brought th e n back again before they were unhitched. A nd even the binder th e sam e; at m orning and noon when the binder was in use th ere w ere 15 m inutes or mors ; spent on the binder w ith w rench, plie oil hole cleaner, oil can, etm, and I thought it was tim e well spent. W hen the season's use of each toed was over, it wae cleaned, all b rig h t p a rts greased, then p a t aw ay in its place. I t was arranged to ta k e tools a p a rt b u t little ; all heavy p a rts put back on ground floor, all lig h te r parts put overhead. I f any repairs wore needed on tools when p u t aw ay, not» was made of it, and then a t some eatt- venient tim e it w as attonded to. This to some looked like lots of needless work, but to me it was a pleasure, or the poetry of farm ing. A nd it was p rofitable, fo r the tools lasted about tw ice as long. < WOOD TANKS For Water, Oil, Wine, Mining and Cyanide. A z WE DO NOT SELL LUMBEB b u t devote our tim e and energy to p ro d n cin g ’ the beet ta n k s and wood p ipe lines, and when you purchase m aterial b earin g our trad e name “ P A C IF IC ” you are g ettin g an article th a t w ill give you complete satisfactio n . Malt Rainier is the rure Malt Tonic For Mothers Who Require Additional Nourishment and Strength. Send your inquiries to Pacific Tank& Pipe Co. Box 144 Kenton Station, Port­ land. Ore. Manufacturers WOOD TANKS AND PIPS ♦ ASK YOUB FHY3ICIAN For Hale by All Druggist»