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HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
A m o n g th e O rch a rd s o f th e N o rth w e st
A Page of Interesting Advice and Inform ation About Fruits, Large and Small.
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To get best resu lts from b erry
fields i t is necessary to tr a in
th e plant« to some so rt of trellis
fo r the support of th e canes.
The kin d of trellis to use and
tMe m ethod o f tra in in g depend
upon th e k in d of b erries and
fiieir h a b it of grow th. 14ed rasp-
b erries an d high bush black-
berries whose h ab it of grow th is
u p rig h t are usually tra in e d on a
d iffe re n t so rt o f
trellis from
tra ile rs such as
L og an b erries
and E vergrocn b lackberries.
Mr. S tah l, the w riter of th is
article, is h o rtic u ltu rist a t th e
W ashington S ta te E x p erim en t
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held in place b y stre tc h in g a tem porary
w ire on th e w est side o f them and a few
inches below th e low er w ire of the
trellis ti w hich th e b earin g canes are
tied. S tretch in g of th e tem p o rary w ire
m ay be done an y tim e a fte r th e young
canes are th ree or fo u r fe e t in height
an d before h arv est. W ith th is system
of tra in in g th e pickers are in the shade
of th e p lan ts most o f the day. C u ltiv a t­
in g is m ade no h ard er th an w ith other
system s and th e canes are given every
o p p o rtu n ity fo r developm ent.
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System E Given.
•"$> System E. A few grow ers who do not
<?> care fo r early b erries are ad o p tin g the
•$> follow ing system . P o sts are set and
Some of th e grow ers instead of train
ing th e canes on a double trellis have
th reo w ires, one above tho other, and
ab o u t eighteen or tw e n ty inches ap art.
Th b earin g canes are curled, snail fa s h ­
ion, over one w ire and under tho next
instead of serpentine fashion above and
below cross strips. The young canes aro
allowed to rem ain on th e ground u n d er­
n eath th e trellis u n til th e bearing canes
ench month g e t s . . . . . . . . $ 500 00
7 .50 each mouth g e t s . . . . . . . 1,000 00
1 4.00 each month g e t s . . . . . . . . 3.0 00 .0 0
$ 3.50
Station.
T
The firs t railroad in P russia to use
electric tractio n on a large scale ob­
tained much of its equipm ent from the
U nited S tates.
He W ho Saves
'S' cross pieces atta c h e d as in system A,
<?• b u t at a h eig h t o f fiv e feet. The cross
pieces are o f one inch boards six inches
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♦ in w idth and ab o u t sixteen inches in
length.
In ste a d o f stap lin g th e w ires to the
BY J . L. STAHL.
cross pieces, holes a re bored ab o u t two
H E R E are several m ethods or sys­ inches from th e ends and th ree inches
tem s of tra in in g red raspberries, from th e to p o f each board. Through
now in use, some of w hich are e x ­ these holes th e w ires are draw n. About
cellent while others are not so desirable. tw o inches above and an inch nearer
S ystem A. M any b erry grow ers use each end o f th e board o th er holes are
a trellis m ade o f tw o No. 14 w ires m ade fo r two m ore wires.
A notch is m ade to th e top holes w ith
stru n g horizontally on cross pieces made
o f 2x4 ’a. The cross pieces are usually a saw so th a t w ires can be easily pushed
12 to 16 inches in length and nailed to into th e holes from th e top of the board.
u p rig h t posts a t a h eig h t o f about four The top w ires aro stru n g loosely until
an d a h a lf feet. Seven-foot posts are the canes are in place. The fru itin g
used and set ab o u t tw o fe e t in the canes o f each hill are d ivided; h alf are
ground and th irty to fo rty feet ap art. placed outside o f th e low er w ire on one
The canes are kept betw een th e w ires side and h a lf th e sam e w ay on th e other
an d out of th e w ay durin g cu ltiv atio n , side. The u p p er w ire is th en draw n
b u t th e old and now eanes are not sep a­ tig h t and th e canes held securely in
rated . W ith th is system o f tra in in g th e position w ith no tying.
T here is a space o f tw elv e inches b e ­
new canes aro o ften in the w ay during
h a rv e stin g and are som etim es b ad ly in ­ tw een each low er w ire in which the
young canes are allowed to develop. In
ju re d by th e pickers.
System B. A nother m ethod of tr a in ­ th is w ay th e young canes are not in ­
ing uses a double trellis h aving two ju red durin g h a rv e s tin g and do not in
cross pieces and fo u r wires. One p air terfero w ith th e fru itin g eanes. P ic k ­
o f these w ires are placed a t a h eig h t ing is done from both sides o f th e row.
o f tw o fe e t, and th e o th er p air a t a This system m akes h arv e stin g easy and
h eig h t of four and h a lf fe e t from th e th e foliage dries quickly a fte r a rain.
ground. W ith th is eystem th e old or The fru itin g canes a re usually c u t back
b earin g canes are b en t over and held to a h eight o f six feet, m aking the
firm by w eaving them to th e w ires on fru itin g season a little la te r th an when
one side and th e new shoots are allowed some of th e o th er system s o f tra in in g
to grow u p rig h t betw een th e p airs of aro used.
w ires and o u t o f th e way of the b earin g
High-Bush Blackberries.
canes. The posts and cross pieces of
The high bush b lack b e rry is some­
th e tre llis are very sim ilar to those of tim es set in hills six feet a p a rt each
th e preceding system . G rowers using w ay, b n t more often th e p lan ts are set
th is m ethod of tra in in g are very much in rows seven or eig h t feet a p a rt and
pleased w ith it and claim th e f r u it is about th ree feet a p a rt betw een in d i­
easily picked and the new canes very vidual plants. The m ethod of tra in in g
seldom d istu rb ed or in ju red a t harv est is v ery sim ilar to System A described
time.
fo r tra in in g red raspberries. W hen th e
System C. Some grow ers in stead of fru its are p a tria llv developed, th e fru it
h av in g eith e r a single or double trellis ing shoots are draw n to th e outside of
o f horizontal w ires and cross pieces th e trellis, w here th ey h an g in easy
hav e but one w ire from post to post on reach o f th e pickers.
w hich th e b earin g canes are fasten ed .
Svstem F. M ost of th e tra ile r black
I t is usually stretch ed betw een fo u r and berries, such as E vergreen, are « tin
fiv e feet in height. The canes are some ported by a double trellis q u ite like that*
tim es woven to th e wire b u t q u ite often used in System B fo r red raspberries,
a re b e n t over and tied. The new canes b u t th e posts are set eloser and cross
are allow ed to grow erect and sh o rtly pieces o f wood or w ire connect each
b efo re h arv est tim e th ey are tied to a p a ir o f wires. The posts are usually set
tem p o rary wire.
sixteen to tw enty- fo n r feet a p a rt and
th e cross strip s nn th e w ires are at
Old T rench M ethod.
A ny o f th e system s so fa r m entioned in terv als of tw en ty -fo u r or th irty
can be used in fields h aving row s set inches. The low er p a ir of w ires su p ­
ports th e young canes as th e y are de
■even fe e t ap art.
System I>. A plan o f tra in in g very veloped and th e upper trsllis holds the
much like th e old F rench m ethod has b earin g canes. The cross strip s nr slats
been trie d by some grow ers and is be on each p a ir o f w ires are u su ally ' made
in g adopted in a num ber o f new ly set o f wood. T hey are held to tho w ires
fields. The row s are set no rth and b y notches in th e wood or b y stap lin g
south, eig h t fe e t ap a rt, and trellis one end of th e strip to one w ire and
placed ab o u t a foot to the east of each d riv in g a shingle n ail in th s o th er end
row. The tre llis is made by using eig h t in such a m anner th a t it hooks oveT the
o th er wire. Tho strip s can thus easily
fo o t posts ten inches to a fo o t in
diam eter. T hey are set three fe e t in be rem oved when th e eanes are ent out
o r raised. The eanes are tra in e d serpn
th e ground ab o u t fifty fe e t ap art. P osts
tin fashion above and below th e cross
seven feet in len g th may be su b stitu ted
but they m ust be set closer. A wire is strip s and held firm ly to tb etrellis.
A fte r th e b earin g eanes h av e produced
■retched from poet to poet, throe feet
a crop th ey aro eut out and the young
from the ground, and on th e side o f th e
eanes raised in th e ir place.
poets nearest th e plan ts. The b earin g
Loganberries.
canes are draw n over to th e w ire and
f’v’tem
S
.
A f»w grow ers tra in the
securely tie d w ith strin g . On th e oppo­
site side o f each post and ten or tw elve young eanes a t a h eig h t of fiv e fe e t six
inches h ig h e r an o th er w ire is stretched. inches and the b earin g canes below at
The b earin g eanea h ang over th is w ire a h eight of fo rty inches. T hey lik e th is
b u t are nu t tied to it. As th e fr u it is m ethod b e tte r th a n th e preceding one. |
developed th e canes g rad u ally droop u n ­ W ith both system s th e eanes m ay all l
til they rest on the upper w ire. They be tra in e d in th e same d irection b u t
are thus supported and can oe easily usually h a lf o f th e b earin g eanos in
pushed to one side w ith o u t in ju ry a« each bill and h alf of to e young eanes
th e fr u it is picked. A ’l o f th e p ick in g is are train ed in opposite directions.
In general the systems for training
done from th e east side of th e row and
th e new canes are n o t distu rb ed . The Logan bernas are the asms as for Ever
new or young canes grow sre« t aud are grvuuS.
have been rem oved and then are trained
to tak e th e ir place.
W ith th is plan the p lants may be set
closer in tho rows than w ith other sya-
■terns of train in g .
2 1.00
each mouth g e t s . . . .
Larger or Sm aller Rums in the Sam e Proportion.
WRITE FOR BOOKLET WHICH TELLS HOW IT IS DONE.
You Incur No Obligation.
0HA8. E. LADD, Pres.
THEO. B. WILCOX, Vice Pres.
EDW. COOKTNOHAM, Vice Free.
F. M cK E R C H EE , S e c ’ry.
EQUITABLE SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION
240-242 Stark Street.
Portland, Oregon.
MAKE YOUR MONEY
EARN MORE MONEY
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Pacific Home Builders
U O. SHEET
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President end Manager
Pre» H. O. Rhnsy A Co. s a d R qniteble Build­
ing. I*oan and Investm en t A ssociation.
FRED C. PERTH
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V iosPrssideirt
Manager V ulcan Iron W orks.
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Secretary Treaanrar
R. BELL
DIRECTORS
H R.
A. K.
F A.
K W
Cha* A ttorney and Capital iat.
Knuff. Ameriean Bteel A Wir« Company.
Ernst, Pres. E rnst H ardware A Plum ing (Jo.
Usm pbell, N ational C ity Bank.
A V ISO R Y BOARD.
Mai A lvin H. H enkine, Msnn facta ring Jew elsr.
Georg» Benckaert, Wholesale snd retail Confections».
Dr. M A. M atthew s, P setor F irst Presby tsri aa
Cbwrch.
H.
A. K isibsB , Asst Genl. F reight A gent Grsa»
Northern R ailw sy.
C. H. Bo »eh mann, T r o s s and M g s N orthw estern
Ft sh er i«» Clo.
Gawrge F. Vsndsrvwr. V anderveer A C nnunlngs
g. J. n m se h e r , Castaier F irst State Bank. P r a s s e lt
W ashington.
kfaraws Zuger. P r e s F seh a n g e Bank o f W s its b iu >
W ashington.
C ast. W. F. Pauli, P r e s W est Seattle S tate Bank.
Franklin Shuey & Co.
FISCAL A GENTS
562-564 Empire Bldg.
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