TEN-The Hrppner Gazette-Times, Heppner, Oregon. Thursday. August 21. 1980
1980 Morrow County Rodeo Schedule
nitrogen check can save money
FRIDAY, AUGUST 22
DANCE, PAVILLION.
PARADE. P.m. KODEO
improving spring wheat
yiclds.Oregon State Univer
sity researchers here In the
state's high desert country
1:30 p.m.-RODEO. UANW. t'AVIlXION.
7:00 p.m. morrow Saturday, august 23 s.-oo p.m. Episcopal sunday, august 24
COUNTY RODEO. Church Barbeque, Episcopal
9:30 p.m. RODEO ..10:00 a.m. MAIN STREET Church. 1:30 p.m. RODEO.
A yearly check of the soil's
nitrogen level can save money
unci Is a Riant step toward
Stan in lynthetic itar sap
phires and rubies appear
(harper than natural start.
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have h-arnod.
"Adding too little or too
much nitrogen can make quite (
a difference In yield and
quality, we've found. But by
using a test, a grower can :
apply juat enough nitrogen to .
bring the toil near the,
optimum level," said Steve ,
James, an agronomy technic
Ian at OSU's Central Oregon j
Agricultural Experiment
Station at Redmond.
' James, along with Malcolm
Johnson, superintendent of the
Central Oregon station, Is In
the final stage ot a four-year ,
study of the best planting ,
techniques and growing cond
itions for relatively new,
"high-yielding varieties of
spring wheat popular in the
area,
i
According to the research
ers, the optimum nitrogen
level for newer spring wheat
varieties such as Fieldwin,
In most of central Oregon's
Irrigated wheatland is 150 to
200 pounds per acre when the
wheat is planted on March
"10-the planting date they'
singled out as best. .
James recalls a field trial ,
that illustrated how soil test
ing helps cut costs and
improve yields.
In the trial, he and Johnson
found a nitrogen level (also
called nitrate level) of 30
pounds per acre in the test
field. They added 160 pounds
of nitrogen per acre and got a
good yield of about M bushels
per acre.
The next March, they app
lied half as much nitrogen-80
pounds per acre-and ff
similar good yield, thank! '-io
nitrogen accumulated in the
soil from the previous year.
"If a person just blanketed
160 pounds per acre he would
waste a lot of fertilizer," said
Jams, adding that nitrogen
fertilizer costs about 28 cents a
pound.
"Sometimes he might hit it
just right and get good
yields," he continued. "At
other times he might even
reduce the yield."
Too much nitrogen can cut
yield's, James said, by pro
ducing taller plants with
broader leaves and smaller
kernels.
Excess nitrogen in the null
also can encourage "lodging."
when plants fall to one side, he
said.
Johnson pointed out that
nitrogen testing is not new,
Just neglected by some.
"They started over in the
Columbia Basin 15 or 20 years
ago and over there they've got
It down to a fine art," he said,
explaining that the tests are
much more useful in central
and eastern Oregon, where the
soil contains little organic
matter and nitrogen levels
fluctuate less in western
Oregon.
"But I tell you," he contin
ued, "as long as they've had
soil tests some farmers
haven't used them like they
should. You can go out right
around here and find soils with
no chance of a good crop
(because of the low nitrogen
level)."
The researcher said tests
for levels of nitrogen and other
key substances, such as phos
phorus and potassium, should
be taken within two or three
weeks of planting.
The tests can be arranged
through county Extension
Service offices around the
state and cost "probably less
than $10" when done by the
OSU campus Soil Testing
Laboratory or commercial
testing laboratories, Johnson
said.
The Redmond researchers
said they plan to study the
value of nitrogen testing to
winter wheat production
(where wheat is planted in the
full and lies dormant through
the winter).
But they said the influence
of erratic winter weather on
the soil is a "formidable foe"
of utilizing such tests.